JP2010540215A5 - - Google Patents
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- JP2010540215A5 JP2010540215A5 JP2010526036A JP2010526036A JP2010540215A5 JP 2010540215 A5 JP2010540215 A5 JP 2010540215A5 JP 2010526036 A JP2010526036 A JP 2010526036A JP 2010526036 A JP2010526036 A JP 2010526036A JP 2010540215 A5 JP2010540215 A5 JP 2010540215A5
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nanoparticles
- membrane
- film
- membranes
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 1037
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 830
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 202
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 178
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 170
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 157
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002152 aqueous-organic solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 513
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 319
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 295
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 289
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 285
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 182
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 143
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 131
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 121
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 115
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 103
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 98
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 64
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 64
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 56
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- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 49
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 45
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- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 41
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 41
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 38
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 37
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- 108010010424 Nuclear Factor 90 Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 25
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 18
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 14
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- IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical group [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 6
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DEPUMLCRMAUJIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;disodium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O DEPUMLCRMAUJIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KDOBOUDNGLERSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(C)NC(=O)C=C KDOBOUDNGLERSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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