JP2009545337A - スマートな非経口送達システム - Google Patents
スマートな非経口送達システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009545337A JP2009545337A JP2009518380A JP2009518380A JP2009545337A JP 2009545337 A JP2009545337 A JP 2009545337A JP 2009518380 A JP2009518380 A JP 2009518380A JP 2009518380 A JP2009518380 A JP 2009518380A JP 2009545337 A JP2009545337 A JP 2009545337A
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Abstract
Description
米国特許法第119条(e)にしたがって、本願は、2006年7月7日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/819,750号、2007年7月27日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/891,883号、2007年5月29日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/940,631号、および2006年7月27日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/946,706号の優先権を主張する。この米国仮特許出願の全開示は、本明細書中に参考として援用される。
有益な物質および流体の非経口的な投与(即ち、消化管を通じる方法以外の仕方での投与、例えば静脈内注射もしくは筋肉内注射、または吸入などによる投与)は、1つの確立された臨床的実践手段である。有益な物質の非経口的投与は、適切に投与されたときには、例えば使用説明書に従って投与されたときには、多くの患者にとって効果的な治療法である。しかし、何件かの研究が、平均して約10%の患者は注射可能な薬剤を不適切に投与されていることを示している。例えば、かなりの割合の重大な間違いが静脈内(IV)用薬剤の投与にかかわるものである。
ここで開述されている本発明のシステムおよび使用方法は、流体送達装置と患者との間での流体移送事象の正確な評価を初めて提供する。この評価は予測的であってよく、例えばその評価が将来の流体移送事象または予定されている流体移送事象、即ち、まだ起こっていない事象についての事前の知識を与えることであってよい。例えば、本発明のシステムおよび方法の実施形態により可能に成されたこの評価は、患者が非経口用流体送達装置からの将来の流体送達事象に適切にマッチングされているという予測的知識を提供する。また、この評価は歴史的であってもよく、例えばその評価が既に起こった流体移送事象についての知識を与えることであってもよい。更に、本発明のスマート型治療学システムは、非経口的流体移送装置から患者への流体(例えば有益な物質を含む流体)の非経口的投与の最も信頼のおける自動的な特異的識別および検出を提供する。更に別の実施形態においては、この評価はリアルタイムであり、例えばその評価は現在起こっている流体移送事象についての知識を与えることなどである。
上で要約されているように、本発明は、非経口用流体送達装置と患者との間での流体移送事象を評価するための方法およびシステムを提供する。この流体移送事象の評価は、要望に応じて、予測的、リアルタイム及び/又は歴史的であってよく、また、様々な異なる様式をとることができる。例えば、流体移送事象の予測的評価は、ある与えられた移送事象がある与えられた患者に適切にマッチングされているかどうかの決定が下される状況を含み、更に、その決定に基づくその後のアクション、例えば、適切なマッチングが決定された場合の送達装置から患者への流体移送の開始、または適切なマッチングが決定されなかった場合のアラームの鳴動及び/又は流体移送の制止なども含むことができる。流体移送事象のリアルタイム評価は、ある与えられた流体移送事象を、一旦開始した後に、例えば患者から受信された生理学的パラメーターに基づいて、継続すべきかどうかについての決定を下す状況、更には、何時投与されたかを含め、実際に何の流体が患者に投与されたのかなどの決定を下す状況を含む。歴史的評価は、既に行われた実際の流体移送事象に関する知識が例えば真の患者薬歴の作成において用いられるような状況を含む。
本発明の種々の態様は、流体移送事象の真に正確で自動化された評価を初めて提供する、インテリジェント型の非経口的流体送達システムを含み、その評価は、予測的、リアルタイムまたは遡及的のいずれであってもよい。本システムは、インテリジェント型であり、そこでは、評価するのに何ら人間の介入を必要としない。その上、本システムは、総じて、処理機能を含み、その処理機能は、1つまたはそれ以上の入力(例えば、流体移送シグナルの形態における入力)を受信し、その1つまたは複数の入力を処理してある与えられた流体移送事象について評価を下すことができるように構成されている。
上で要約されているように、本発明のシステムの1つの構成要素は患者付随型識別装置である。この患者付随型識別装置は、(例えば一時的または植え込み式のいずれかで)患者に付随させるべく構成されており、送信機能および受信機能のうちの少なくとも1つを実行する通信エレメントを含んでいる装置である。この患者付随型識別装置は、少なくとも患者についての識別情報を提供するものである。この識別装置は、単に患者についての識別情報を送信すべく構成されている様式(この場合、その患者付随型識別装置は送信エレメントのみを含んでいればよい)から、その識別装置が流体移送事象についての情報を受信し(例えば、その患者付随型識別装置が受信機エレメントを含んでいる場合)、その情報を内部的に処理して、ある仕方でその流体移送事象を評価することができるようなもっと複雑な様式までを含め、様々な異なる仕方で構成することができる。そのようなものとして、特定の実施形態においては、それらの識別装置は、単に患者についての識別情報を流体送達装置へ送信すべく構成されている。そのような実施形態においては、それらの識別装置は、流体移送シグナルを伝達することができるように成された非経口用流体送達装置からの信号を受信することができるように構成されたシグナル受信機である。興味ある患者付随型識別装置は、これらに限定するものではないが:2006年4月28日に出願された「Pharma−Informatics Systems」と題するPCT/US2006/16370号;ならびに、2007年2月1日に出願された「Signal Receivers for Pharma−Informatics Systems」と題する米国仮出願第60/887,780号;に記載されているものを含み、これらの特許文献の開示内容は参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
非経口用流体送達装置は、消化管以外の経路、例えば肺を通じる経路、筋肉内注射または静脈内送達などの経路により、ある量の流体(例えば気体または液体)を患者に送達する装置である。本発明を開述する目的上、経肺投与は、肺への進入が口及び/又は鼻の通路を介するものであるとしても、送達が肺を介するものであるため、非経口的投与であると見なされる。そのようなものとして、流体送達装置は、注射器、静脈内システム、注入ポンプ、透析システム、人工呼吸器、麻酔器、噴霧器/吸入器などを含む。本送達装置は、流体を患者へ移送する際にシグナルを受信器へ伝達する流体移送シグナル発生器、例えば集積回路の形態または他の適切な構造の流体移送シグナル発生器を含むであろう。特定の状況においては、その非経口用流体送達装置は、本装置から患者へ一方向の流体移送をもたらすものである。そのような装置の例は注射器、静脈内送達装置および吸入器などである。特定の状況においては、その非経口用流体送達装置は、患者からの流体の除去および患者への流体の送達をもたらす。そのような装置の1つの例は透析装置である。
以下で詳述されているように、特定の実施形態は、患者付随型識別装置及び/又は流体送達装置が、更に、付加的な外部構成要素へシグナルを伝達し及び/又は付加的な外部構成要素からシグナルを受け取ることを特徴とする。その外部構成要素は、特定の実施形態では、外部処理構成要素であり、例えばデータを受け取り、指定された数学的演算及び/又は論理演算を実行し、これらの演算の結果を出力するように設計されている外部処理構成要素などである。興味ある外部構成要素の例は、これに限定するものではないが:ヘルスケアプロバイダーネットワーク(例えば、病院情報システム(HIS);ホームヘルスケア情報システムなど);を含む。従って、本発明のシステムは、更に、外部プロセッサー構成要素、例えば病院情報システム(HIS)または例えば処方薬、治療計画、健康歴および投薬ガイドラインなどの様々な様相の患者特定データを含む類似のシステムなどを含んでいてよい。このデータは、電子薬物療法記憶装置、例えばPyxisシステムなどから得られる情報も含むことができる。
上で検討されているように、本システムは、患者付随型識別装置と流体送達装置との間で流体移送シグナルを受け渡すことができるように構成されており、ここで、そのシグナルは、患者の身体をシグナル伝導媒体として使用することにより、これら2つの構成要素間で受け渡しされる。そのシグナルの物理的性状は様々であってよく、例えば、この場合、興味あるシグナルの物理的タイプは、電気的、磁気的、光学的、熱的および音響的シグナルなどを含む。流体移送シグナルが患者の身体を伝導媒体として利用することによってそれら2つの構成要素間で受け渡しされるため、その流体移送シグナルの伝達に先立ち、その非経口用流体送達装置と患者との間で流体的な連通が確立される。
上で検討されているように、患者付随型識別装置と流体送達装置との間での流体移送シグナルの通信は伝導性媒体として患者の身体を使用する。1つもしくはそれ以上の付加的な別の通信ラインが本システムの様々な構成要素間で確立されていてよく、例えば患者付随型識別装置と病院情報システムなどの外部構成要素との間、注入ポンプと流体容器との間などの流体送達装置の構成要素間、流体送達装置と病院情報システムとの間などで確立されていてよい。これらの付加的な通信ラインは、要望に応じて、有線通信ラインであってもよいし、無線通信ラインであってもよく、伝統的な物理的接続、例えば導線および光ファイバーなどを使用することができ、または無線通信プロトコル、例えばRFIDなどを使用することができる。これらの付加的な通信ラインは、異なる装置構成要素間で情報及び/又は電力を伝達するために用いられてよい。例えば、流体送達システムの本質的に異なる複数の構成要素が、1つのエレメントから別のエレメントへの電力の無線伝達により電力供給される通信構成要素を含んでいてよい。これらの付加的な通信ラインは、特定の実施形態においては、非伝導性の通信ラインである。
上で指示されているように、本システムの幾つかの特定の適用形態は予測的な適用形態であり、そこでは、本システムはある流体移送事象(例えば、患者へのある用量の流体の送達)を評価すべく予測的に使用され、この場合、その流体移送事象はまだ実際には起こっていない。そのような適用形態は、ある与えられた用量の流体が適切に患者とマッチングされていることを確かめるためのチェック手段として本システムが使用される状況を含む。この単純なチェックに加え、本システムは、送達されることとなる投薬量が適切であることを確かめることもできる。本システムは、患者と対象となっている流体移送事象との間で適切なマッチングが検出された場合に、例えば流体送達装置を作動させることにより、例えばポンプなどを作動させることにより、その流体移送事象が自動的に起こり得るように構成することができる。本システムは、代替的に、患者とある与えられた流体移送事象との間で適切なマッチングが検出されなかった場合に、例えばその流体送達装置を不活動化することなどにより、その流体移送事象を無効にし得るように構成することができる。望ましい場合、本発明のシステムは、非経口的投与事象における間違いを検出したときにエラーシグナルを提供することができるように構成されている。その検出されるエラーは広範囲にわたって様々であり、そのようなエラーの例は、患者付随型識別装置がその患者に投与されるべきではない薬剤の知識を有していて、且つ、そのような薬剤であることの確認情報が受信機へ伝達される状況を含む。更に、本システムは、当技術分野において「要注意薬」として公知の薬剤を投与する際に厳格な管理を提供することができるように構成されており、そのような場合には、本システムは、予め定められた用量範囲内においてのみそのような薬剤の投与を可能化し、そのような範囲から逸脱しているときにはエラーシグナルを与えるように構成されている。従って、本システムは、「要注意薬」として当技術分野において公知の薬剤を用いる用途を見出す。種々のクラス/カテゴリーのそのような薬剤は:アドレナリン作動薬、IV(例えばエピネフリン);アドレナリン拮抗薬、IV(例えばプロプラノロール);麻酔薬、全身、吸入およびIV(例えばプロポフォール);心筋保護液;化学療法薬、非経口および経口;デキストロース、高張、20%またはそれ以上;透析液、腹膜および血液透析;硬膜外またはくも膜下用の薬剤;糖タンパク質IIb/IIIa阻害剤(例えばエプチフィバチド);血糖降下薬、経口;変力薬、IV(例えばジゴキシン、ミルリノン);リポソーム形態の薬剤(例えばリポソーム型アンホテリシンB);穏やかな鎮静薬、IV(例えばミダゾラム);穏やかな鎮静薬、経口、子供用(例えば抱水クロラール);麻薬/アヘン製剤、IVおよび経口(液体濃縮物;即時放出型および持続放出型調合物を含む);神経筋遮断薬(例えばスクシニルコリン);放射線造影剤、IV;血栓溶解剤/線維素溶解薬、IV(例えばテネクテプラーゼ);および完全非経口栄養液;である。具体的な「要注意薬」は:アミオダロン、IV;コルチシン注射薬;ヘパリン、低分子量、注射;ヘパリン、非分画、IV;インスリン、皮下およびIV;リドカイン、IV;硫酸マグネシウム注射薬;メトトレキサート;ネシリチド;注射用ニトロプルシドナトリウム;注射用塩化カリウム濃縮液;リン酸カリウム注射薬;塩化ナトリウム注射薬、高張(0.9%より高い濃度);およびワルファリン;を含む。また、そのシグナルも、音響アラームおよび医師へ送られるアラームシグナルなどを含め、広範囲にわたり様々であってよい。そのような実施形態は、本システムをエラーシグナルの発生に関して監視する方法を含む。
上で指示されているように、本システムの特定の適用形態はリアルタイム適用であり、そこでは、本システムが流体移送事象(例えば、患者へのある用量の流体の送達)を評価するために用いられ、この場合、その流体移送事象は実際に起こっており、即ち、進行中である。例を挙げれば、本システムは、例えば患者の生理学的パラメーターをモニタリングすることにより、その流体の送達中の有害反応に関して患者を監視するために使用することができる。本システムは、もしモニタリングされた生理学的パラメーターが予め定められた許容範囲から逸脱している場合に、例えば上で説明されている如く、エラー信号を発生させることができるように、及び/又は措置を講じることができるように、例えばその薬剤の送達を停止し、解毒剤を投与するなどの措置を講じることができるように構成されていてよい。
また、歴史的適用での本システムおよび方法の使用にも興味が持たれ、そのようなケースでは、本システムは、患者と流体送達装置との間で実際に生じた流体移送事象の真の正しい記録を得るために用いられる。歴史的適用は、ある流体移送事象が実際に生じたことについての知識を含んだ情報を使用するあらゆる適用形態を表す。望ましい場合、本発明のシステムは、ある非経口的投与事象における間違いを検出したときにエラーシグナルを提供することができるように構成されている。そのような適用形態の1つの例は、ある与えられた流体移送事象の間に、その流体の移送が妨げられている場合である。本システムは、そのような妨害を指示するシグナルを発生させることができるように構成されていてよく、そのシグナルの発生はアラームなどとして具現化することができよう。検出される間違いは広範囲にわたって様々であってよく、そのような間違いの例は、受信機がその患者に投与されるべきではない薬剤についての知識を有していて、ある薬剤の識別信号がその受信機へ伝達されているような状況を含む。検出され得る投与間違いの他の例は、受信機が、例えば患者の生理学的パラメーターをモニタリングすることにより、有害反応の発生を検出することができるような状況を含む。また、そのシグナルも広範囲にわたって様々であってよく、そのようなシグナルは音響アラームおよび医師へ送られるアラームシグナルなどを含む。そのような実施形態は、本システムをエラーシグナルの発生に関して監視する方法を含む。
以上では本発明の種々の態様を概括的な言葉を用いて説明してきたが、次に、特定の実施形態との関連で更なる詳細を提供する。
1つの付加的な実施形態においては、本スマート型治療学システムは、例えば腎臓患者において、透析が行われているときを検出し、且つ、透析がどのように行われているかを検出することができるように拡張されてよい。血液透析システムは、典型的には、患者の身体に挿入された針を伴う2つのチューブを使用する。1つのチューブは患者から血液を取り出して、その血液を濾過すべく透析装置へ運び、濾過後、血液は、もう一方のチューブを通って患者に注入され、戻される。図8は、フィルターを含む使い捨てユニット25およびハードウェアユニット27を伴った血液透析装置を示している。
図9Aは、本発明の実施形態によるIVバッグと共同して使用することができる送信回路の1つの実施形態のトップレベルの概要を示している。チップ901はバッテリー903により電力供給されている。このチップは、IVバッグのコンデンサプレート905とグラウンドプレーンのコンデンサプレート907との間で行き来する出力信号を制御している。IVバッグのコンデンサプレート905は、銅製のストリップまたは印刷インクなどの伝導性材料でできていてよく、また、例えば製造の間に、もしくは病院で、IVバッグに取り付けられている。この容量性プレートをIVバッグに取り付ける方法は、数ある中でもとりわけ、伝導体の接着剤接着または伝導体の直接的な印刷を含む。上述のグラウンドプレートは、アースグラウンドに電気的に結び付けることができる場所であればどこにでも配置することができる。
上で指示されているように、本発明のシステムおよび方法は様々な異なる適用形態での用途を見出し、それらの適用形態を予測的適用、リアルタイム適用および歴史的適用に分類することができる。
本件の方法を実施するためのキットも提供される。キットは、上で説明されているとおりの本発明の1つまたはそれ以上の受信機を含んでいてよい。更に、それらのキットは、1つまたはそれ以上の非経口的投薬装置、例えば予め充填された注射器、バイアルおよびIVバッグなども含んでいてよい。キットで提供される1つまたはそれ以上の薬理学的物質の投薬量は、単回の適用または複数回の適用に充分な量であってよい。特定の実施形態においては、それらのキットは、非経口的に送達される有益な物質または別の方法を通じて、例えば上で述べられているような薬剤を投与する注射器、吸入器または他の装置の使用を通じて体内に取り入れられる有益な物質の特異的な識別および検出を提供するスマート型非経口送達システムを含んでいてよい。
Claims (83)
- 患者と非経口的流体移送装置との間での流体移送事象を評価する方法であって、該方法が:
該非経口的流体移送装置と上記患者との間での流体移送接続を確立するステップ;および
該患者の身体をシグナル伝導性媒体として使用して、該非経口的流体移送装置と患者付随型識別装置との間で流体移送シグナルを伝達するステップ;および
該伝達された流体移送シグナルを検出して、該流体移送事象を評価するステップ;
を含む、方法。 - 流体移送シグナルが前記患者付随型識別装置から前記非経口用流体送達装置へ伝達される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 流体移送シグナルが前記非経口用流体送達装置から前記患者付随型識別装置へ伝達される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 流体移送シグナルが前記患者付随型識別装置から前記非経口用流体送達装置へ、および該非経口用流体送達装置から該患者付随型識別装置へ伝達される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記流体移送シグナルが将来の流体移送事象についての予測的情報を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記予測的情報が前記流体移送事象についての定性的情報を含む、請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記定性的情報が前記流体移送事象において移送される流体についての識別情報を含む、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記定性的情報が上記流体移送事象において移送される流体についての品質管理情報を含む、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記予測的情報が前記流体移送事象についての定量的情報を含む、請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記定量的情報が前記流体移送事象についての用量情報を含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記流体移送シグナルが過去の流体移送事象についての遡及的情報を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記遡及的情報が前記流体移送事象についての定性的情報を含む、請求項11記載の方法。
- 前記定性的情報が前記流体移送事象において移送された流体についての識別情報を含む、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記遡及的情報が前記流体移送事象についての定量的情報を含む、請求項11記載の方法。
- 前記定量的情報が前記流体移送事象についての用量情報を含む、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前記流体移送シグナルが前記流体移送事象についてのリアルタイム情報を提供する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記リアルタイム情報が、患者が該患者へ移送されている流体にどのように応答しているかについての情報を含む、請求項16記載の方法。
- 前記リアルタイム情報が、前記流体移送事象が妨げられているかどうかについての情報を含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記流体移送シグナルが、伝導性媒体として前記患者を利用して、前記装置と前記患者付随型識別装置との間で伝導的に伝達される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、更に、前記患者付随型識別装置と前記非経口用流体送達装置との間で非伝導的に通信するステップを含む、請求項19記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、更に、前記患者付随型識別装置および前記流体送達装置のうちの少なくとも1つから外部処理システムへシグナルを伝達するステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記外部処理システムが病院情報システムである、請求項21記載の方法。
- 前記外部処理システムがホームヘルスケア情報システムである、請求項21記載の方法。
- 前記流体移送事象が前記非経口用流体送達装置から前記患者へ流体を移送することを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記流体が薬理学的に活性な物質を含む、請求項24記載の方法。
- 前記流体が液体である、請求項25記載の方法。
- 前記液体が気体である、請求項25記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、更に、前記患者から前記非経口用流体送達装置へ流体を移送するステップを含む、請求項24記載の方法。
- 前記流体が血液を含む、請求項28記載の方法。
- 前記流体が透析液を含む、請求項28記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が注射器を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が静脈内投与装置を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記静脈内投与装置が流体送達ポンプを含む、請求項32記載の方法。
- 前記静脈内流体送達装置が流体収容バッグを含む、請求項32記載の方法。
- 前記静脈内流体送達が点滴バッグを含む、請求項32記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が吸入器を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が透析装置を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記患者付随型識別装置が前記患者に植え込まれる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記患者付随型識別装置が前記患者に一時的に配置される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記システムが流体移送事象におけるエラーの検出時にエラーシグナルを提供するように構成されており、該方法が、前記エラーシグナルに関して該システムを監視するステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- (a)非経口用流体送達装置;および
(b)患者に付随させるように構成された患者付随型識別装置;
を含むシステムであって、該システムが:
該患者の身体をシグナル伝達媒体として使用し、続いて、該非経口用流体送達装置と該患者との間に流体移送接続を確立して、該非経口用流体送達装置と該患者付随型識別装置との間で流体移送シグナルを伝達し;そして
該伝達された流体移送シグナルを検出して、流体移送事象を評価する;
ように構成されているシステム。 - 前記非経口用流体送達装置が流体移送シグナルを前記患者付随型識別装置へ伝達するための送信エレメントを含んでおり、また、該患者付随型識別装置が該非経口用流体送達装置から流体移送シグナルを受信するための受信機エレメントを含んでいる、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記患者付随型識別装置が流体移送シグナルを前記非経口用流体送達装置へ伝達するための送信エレメントを含んでおり、また、該非経口用流体送達装置が該患者付随型識別装置から流体移送シグナルを受信するための受信機エレメントを含んでいる、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置および前記患者付随型識別装置のそれぞれが流体移送シグナルを伝達するための送信機エレメントと伝達された流体移送シグナルを受信するための受信機エレメントとの両方を含んでいる、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、前記患者を伝導性媒体として用いて、前記非経口用流体送達装置と前記患者付随型識別装置との間で前記流体移送シグナルを伝導的に伝達するように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、更に、前記患者付随型識別装置と前記非経口用流体送達装置との間で非伝導的に通信するように構成されている、請求項45記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、更に、外部処理システムを含んでいる、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記外部処理システムが病院情報システムである、請求項47記載のシステム。
- 前記外部処理システムがホームヘルスケア情報システムである、請求項47記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が液体を前記患者へ移送するように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が注射器を含んでいる、請求項50記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が静脈内投与装置を含んでいる、請求項51記載のシステム。
- 前記静脈内投与装置が流体送達ポンプを含んでいる、請求項52記載のシステム。
- 前記静脈内流体送達装置が流体収容バッグを含んでいる、請求項52記載の方法。
- 前記静脈内流体送達が点滴バッグを含んでいる、請求項52記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が、更に、前記患者から液体を移送するように構成されている、請求項50記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が透析装置を含んでいる、請求項56記載の方法。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が前記患者へ気体を移送するように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が吸入器を含んでいる、請求項58記載のシステム。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が少なくとも2つの別個の構成要素を含んでいる、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも2つの別個の構成要素のそれぞれが通信エレメントを含んでおり、該通信エレメントが:シグナルの受信およびシグナルの受信のうちの少なくとも1つを実行するように構成されている、請求項60記載のシステム。
- 前記患者付随型識別装置が前記患者に植え込まれるように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記患者付随型識別装置が前記患者に一時的に配置されるように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、流体移送事象におけるエラーを検出するように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、将来の流体移送事象におけるエラーを予測的に検出するように構成されている、請求項64記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、流体移送事象中にエラーを検出するように構成されている、請求項64記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、流体移送事象におけるエラーを遡及的に検出するように構成されている、請求項64記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、流体移送事象におけるエラーの検出時にエラーシグナルを提供するように構成されている、請求項64記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが前記流体移送事象を予測的に評価するように構成されている、請求項41記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、前記非経口用流体送達装置と前記患者との間で機能的な流体的連通が確立されているかどうかを決定するように構成されている、請求項69記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、将来の流体移送事象が前記患者に対して指示されたものであることを確認するように構成されている、請求項70記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、前記流体移送事象が前記患者に対して指示されたものであることを該システムが確認した後にのみ前記流体移送事象を実行するように、前記流体送達装置を起動するために構成されている、請求項71記載のシステム。
- 非経口用流体送達装置であって、患者の身体をシグナル伝導媒体として用いて、該非経口的流体移送装置と患者付随型識別装置との間で流体移送シグナルを伝達するように構成されている、非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記装置が流体移送シグナルを伝達するための送信機エレメントを含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記装置が流体移送シグナルを受信するための受信機エレメントを含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記装置が送信機エレメントと受信機エレメントとの両方を含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が注射器を含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記非経口用流体送達装置が静脈内投与装置を含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記静脈内投与装置が流体送達ポンプを含んでいる、請求項78記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記静脈内流体送達装置が流体収容バッグを含んでいる、請求項78記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 前記静脈内流体送達が点滴バッグを含んでいる、請求項78記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 当該非経口用流体送達装置が透析装置を含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
- 当該非経口用流体送達装置が吸入器を含んでいる、請求項73記載の非経口用流体送達装置。
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US9084566B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
EP2037999A2 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
EP2037999A4 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
JP2012232179A (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
WO2008008281A3 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
JP5241714B2 (ja) | 2013-07-17 |
US20090118594A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
WO2008008281A2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP2037999B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
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