JP2009543612A - 脊髄アクセス及び神経所在確認 - Google Patents
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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- A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1671—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the spine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8897—Guide wires or guide pins
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Abstract
【選択図】 図10C
Description
本発明は、2005年5月16日出願の米国暫定特許出願第60/681,864号「組織の選択的外科的除去方法及び装置」(代理人整理番号 BXNONZ00300)の利益を主張する2005年10月15日出願の米国特許出願第11/251,205号「組織アクセスデバイス及び方法」(代理人整理番号 BXNONA00200)の一部継続出願であり;また、2006年3月13日出願の米国特許出願第11/375,265号「組織改質方法及び装置」(代理人整理番号 78117−200101)の一部継続出願である。これらの全出願の全開示は、ここに引例として組み入れられている。
T−ソー(Threadwire saw)や、ギグリ鋸(Gigli saw)などのフレキシブルなワイヤーソーやチェーンソーは、1800年後半から、人体の骨やその他の組織を切断する、あるいは削る/研磨するのに用いられてきた。例えば、Brunori A et al., “Celebrating the Centenial (1894-1994): Leonardo Gigli and His Wire Saw” J Neurosurg 82: 1086-1090, 1995を参照されたい。このような鋸の一例は、1876年11月28日付でP.A. Stohlmannに付与された米国特許第8250号に記載されている。椎骨を切断するT−ソーの使用に関する記載は、Kawahara N et al., “Recapping T-Saw Laminoplasty for Spinal Cord Tumors” SPINE Volume 24, Number 13, pp1363-1370にある。
近位部分、遠位部分と、近位側開口と遠位側開口を有する少なくとも一のルーメンとを有する細長プローブと;当該プローブのルーメン内に摺動可能に配置した湾曲ガイド部材であって、当該ガイド部材の少なくとも一部が前記ルーメンの遠位開口から前進するように構成されており;前記ガイド部材が少なくとも一のガイドワイヤルーメンを具えており;前記プローブと前記ガイド部材に連結したスライド部材が、前記プローブの遠位側開口から前記ガイド部材を前進させるように構成されている。いくつかの実施例では、このデバイスは更に、前記プローブと前記ガイド部材の少なくとも一方に連結され、少なくとも一のエネルギィ源と接続可能な少なくとも一の信号送信機を具える。例えば、一の実施例では、前記少なくとも一の信号送信機が、前記遠位部分においてあるいは近傍で前記プローブの第1の表面と連結し、少なくとも一のエネルギィ源と接続可能な第1の電極と、前記遠位部分においてあるいは近傍で前記プローブの第2の表面と連結し、前記エネルギィ源と接続可能な第2の電極と、を具える。様々な代替の実施例は、更に、様々な面に第3の電極、第4の電極、またはそれ以上の電極を具えていても良い。別の代替の実施例では、少なくとも一の信号送信機が、超音波トランスデューサ、圧電トランスデューサ、可視化デバイス、及び光学コヒーレントトモグラフィ装置からなる群から選択した少なくとも一の組織識別部材を具えていても良い。
Claims (22)
- 患者の身体内の神経組織の位置を確認する方法において、当該方法が:
前記身体内の前記神経組織と別の組織間の自然組織界面に沿ってプローブを前進させるステップであって、当該プローブが前記神経組織に向けて方向付けられた第1の表面と、前記神経組織から離れるように方向付けられた第2の表面を有するステップと;
第1の電流を前記プローブの前記第1の表面に沿って第1の電極に送達するステップと;
第2の電流を前記プローブの前記第2の表面に沿って第2の電極に送達するステップと;
前記第1及び第2の電流に対する神経応答をモニタすることによって前記前進させたプローブの前記第1の表面が、前記神経組織の方を向いており、前記第2の表面が前記神経組織から離れる方を向いていることを確認するステップと;
を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 患者の身体内にガイドワイヤを進めるデバイスにおいて、当該デバイスが:
近位部分と、遠位部分と、近位側開口及び遠位側開口を有する少なくとも一のルーメンを有する細長プローブと;
前記プローブのルーメン内に摺動可能に配置した湾曲ガイド部材であって、当該ガイド部材の少なくとも一部が前記ルーメンの前記遠位側開口から前進して湾曲形状をとるように構成されており、前記ガイド部材が少なくとも一のガイドワイヤルーメンを具える部材と;
前記プローブと前記ガイド部材に連結して、前記ガイド部材を前記プローブの遠位側開口の外に進めるスライド部材と;
を具えることを特徴とするデバイス。 - 請求項2に記載のデバイスが更に、前記プローブと前記ガイド部材のうちの少なくとも一つに連結されており、少なくとも一のエネルギィ源に接続可能な少なくとも一の信号送信機を具えることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項3に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記少なくとも一の信号送信機が;
前記遠位側部分において、あるいはその近傍で前記プローブの第1の表面に連結され、少なくとも一のエネルギィ源に接続可能な第1の電極と;
前記遠位側部分において、あるいはその近傍で前記プローブの第2の表面に連結され、少なくとも一のエネルギィ源に接続可能な第2の電極と;
を具えることを特徴とするデバイス。 - 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記細長プローブが前記遠位部分において、あるいはその近傍に、湾曲又は屈曲した部分を具えることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項5に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記湾曲または屈曲した部分及び前記遠位部分が、前記遠位部分の脊椎の椎間孔への少なくとも部分的な通過を容易にするものであり、前記プローブが更に、前記遠位部分の最遠位先端に、先端またはリップを具えることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記プローブが大部分が硬性であることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記プローブの少なくとも一部が可撓性であることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記プローブの前記遠位部分の少なくとも一部が連接的であり、一以上の湾曲形状を作っていることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項9に記載のデバイスが更に、押したり引いたりして前記遠位部分を連接させるために、前記遠位部分に連結した少なくとも一本のワイヤを具えることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記プローブが、少なくとも二つのルーメンを具え、一方のルーメンが前記ガイド部材を受けるように構成されており、他方のルーメンが可視化ルーメン、吸引ルーメン、及び流体導入ルーメンのうちの少なくとも一つを具えることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項11に記載のデバイスが更に、前記可視化ルーメンに配置した可視化デバイスを具え、当該可視化デバイスが、内視鏡、光ファイバ、電荷結合素子(CCD)及び、相補型金属−酸化物半導体(CMOS)デバイスからなる群から選択されることを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記プローブルーメンの前記近位側開口が、ガイドワイヤが通過できるサイズであり、前記ガイドワイヤが、前記近位側開口へ、前記ガイド部材のガイドワイヤルーメンへ、及び前記ガイド部材の遠位側開口の外へ通過することを特徴とするデバイス。
- 請求項2に記載のデバイスにおいて、前記ガイド部材が、円形、卵形、矩形、三角形、楕円形及び8字形からなる群から選択された断面形状を有することを特徴とするデバイス。
- 患者の身体内で神経組織の位置確認を行うシステムにおいて、前記神経組織が自然組織界面によって、衝突組織から分離されおり、当該システムが:
近位端と遠位端であって、これらの端部の間に軸がある近位端と遠位端を有し、当該遠位端が前記自然組織インターフェースに沿って遠位側に前進させるのに好適であるプローブであって、当該プローブが第1及び第2の横方向を向いた面を有するプローブと;
前記プローブの前記第1の面に沿って配置した第1の信号送信機と;
前記プローブの前記第2の面に沿って配置した第2の信号送信機であって、軸確認長を決定する第1及び第2の信号送信機と;
神経所在確認信号を生成する信号源であって、前記プローブの前記第1及び第2の信号送信機と選択的に連結可能であり、前記プローブが、前記神経組織へ向かって方向付けられた前記第1の面及び前記神経組織から離れる方向に方向付けられた前記第2の面との前記自然界面に沿って前進するときの、前記神経所在確認信号への応答をモニタすることによって、前記軸確認長を通じて前記プローブ軸に対する神経組織の方向が安全に確認できる信号源と;
を具えることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項15に記載のシステムにおいて、前記第1及び第2の信号送信機が、第1及び第2の電極を具え、前記信号源が、電気的神経刺激信号を生成する電気的源を具えることを特徴とするシステム。
- 請求項16に記載のシステムが更に:
神経応答センサと;
前記電気的源と前記センサに連結したプロセッサであって、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極によって与えられた前記刺激に対する前記神経応答に応じて、前記第1の面が前記神経組織の方向を向いており、前記第2の面が前記神経組織から離れる方向を向いていることを確認するように構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項15に記載のシステムにおいて、前記シャフトの前記遠位部分が、脊椎の椎管孔への通過を容易にするように構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。
- 請求項15に記載のシステムにおいて、前記プローブが更に、その長さの少なくとも一部を通って縦方向に配置された少なくとも一のルーメンを具え、前記システムが更に、前記プローブルーメン内に摺動可能に配置され、前記プローブルーメンの遠位側開口の外へ進むように構成した、湾曲した中空ガイド部材を具え、前記ガイド部材が、少なくとも一のガイドワイヤルーメンを具えることを特徴とするシステム。
- 請求項19に記載のシステムが更に、前記プローブと前記ガイド部材に連結されたスライド部材を具え、前記ガイド部材を前記プローブの前記遠位開口の外に進めることを特徴とするシステム。
- 請求項19に記載のシステムが更に、
ガイドワイヤと;
前記ガイドワイヤに沿って前進させる、あるいは前記ガイドワイヤに沿って適所に引っ張って、前記身体から組織を除去する少なくとも一の組織除去デバイスと;
を具えることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項15に記載のシステムが更に、前記プローブが前進する前に組織間のスペース量を評価する機能、前記プローブが前進する前に組織間のスペース量を増やす機能、及び組織改変手順を実行した後に組織管のスペース量を評価する機能のうちの少なくとも一つを実行するように構成されたサイジングプローブを具えることを特徴とするシステム。
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US11/457,416 US7578819B2 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2006-07-13 | Spinal access and neural localization |
PCT/US2007/073373 WO2008008898A2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2007-07-12 | Spinal access and neural localization |
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Also Published As
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US7578819B2 (en) | 2009-08-25 |
EP2043515A2 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
US20100010334A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
AU2007272427A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
CA2657413A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP2043515A4 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
US8419653B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
WO2008008898A2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
WO2008008898A3 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
US20060258951A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
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