JP2009523226A - バイオマーカーを用いて強直性脊椎炎を診断するための方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
バイオマーカーを用いて強直性脊椎炎を診断するための方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、その内容を参照により本明細書に組み込む2005年11月1日に出願された米国仮出願第60/732,444号の優先権を主張するものである。
抗TNF生物学的薬剤を用いたAS治療の改善にもかかわらず、開業医が患者の症候を診断し、適切な治療計画を推奨するのを支援するために診断検査及び予後検査が必要である。また、患者の病態の改善をより良く評価し、それによって患者により良い医療を提供し、治療コストを削減することができるように、診断検査及び予後検査が必要である。
患者のCRPレベルが既知標準CRPレベルよりも高いかどうかを評価することとを更に含み、既知標準よりも低いC反応性タンパク質レベルによって治療の効力が示される。
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する。
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する。
I. 定義
本発明をより容易に理解できるように、幾つかの用語をまず定義する。
TNF阻害剤療法を受けるAS患者において、改善、特に初期の構造上の改善を判定することができる有意義な強直性脊椎炎(AS)評価ツールを確立することが求められている。現在、赤血球沈降速度(ESR)及びC反応性タンパク質(CRP)レベルは、AS活動性を評価する最も広範に用いられている方法である。しかし、これらのマーカー単独ではAS疾患活動性の評価に不十分である(Ruof and Stucki(1999) J Rheumatol 26:966)。本発明は、患者におけるASに付随した構造的損傷を防止する抗TNF療法の能力を評価するのに有用であることが確認されたバイオマーカーを提供する。また、本発明は、ASに付随した関節の構造破壊の改善に対する患者の反応を判定する方法を提供する。本明細書に記載の方法は、放射線写真撮影などのより伝統的手段では容易に識別できない、患者における構造的損傷の進行の変化を明らかにする。本発明の方法は、長時間を要し得る臨床結果を待たずに、患者における抗TNF治療の効力を決定する手段を医師に提供するので、有利である。
関節軟骨は、プロテオグリカンのアグリカンと複合化した、II型コラーゲンを主体とした原線維ネットワークで主として構成される(Poole AR, 2003. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 29:803−818及びEyre(1991) Semin Arthritis Rheum. 21(3 Suppl 2):2−11参照)。関節疾患においては、II型コラーゲンは、コラゲナーゼによって次第に切断される。II型コラーゲンは、分解過程の生成物が、コラーゲン分子内の特定のエピトープの局在化に従って3群に分類されるように分解する(総説として、参照により本明細書に組み込むBirmingham et al.(2006) Biomarker Insights 2:61を参照されたい。)。ネオエピトープ及びテロペプチドエピトープを含めて、異なるタイプのエピトープを、コラーゲンに関連した分解現象の指標として使用することができる。
好ましい実施形態においては、コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーはII型コラーゲンCテロペプチド(CTX−II)である。CTX−IIは、C末端II型コラーゲンに由来するコラーゲン断片である。CTX−IIは、切断されたII型コラーゲンの長さ1/4の断片のC末端にあるネオエピトープCol2CTxと同一である(総説として、参照により本明細書に組み込むBirmingham et al.(2006)を参照されたい。)。
滑膜炎(炎症)は、骨関節炎などの炎症性疾患の初期に生じることが現在知られており、疾患の放射線学的進行と関連づけられる。無症状の炎症を含めて、炎症が関節損傷を悪化させ得る過程は、軟骨細胞機能の変化、血管新生の増大、及び/又は骨代謝回転の加速を含む可能性がある(Bonnet and Walsh DA.(2005) Rheumatology 44:7−16)。本明細書に記載の本発明は、滑膜バイオマーカーを用いて、ASの治療に対するTNF阻害剤の効力を決定する。一実施形態においては、関節の炎症から生ずる可能性がある血清MMP−3(Kruithof et al.(2005) Arthritis Rheum 52:3898)を滑膜炎バイオマーカーとして用いて、ASの治療に対するTNF阻害剤の効力を決定する。
軟骨基質分子の分解は、亜鉛依存性エンドペプチダーゼ、すなわちマトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)を必要とする。Zn2+依存性エンドペプチダーゼの1ファミリーであるMMPは、コラーゲン、プロテオグリカンなどの細胞外基質(ECM)構成要素を切断する。
試料中の軟骨分解及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーのレベルは、当分野で公知の幾つかの方法によって分析することができる。試料を患者から得た後、本発明の方法に使用する軟骨分解又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの検出及び定量に適切である当分野で公知の任意の方法を(核酸又は好ましくはタンパク質レベルで)使用することができる。かかる方法は当分野で周知であり、ウエスタンブロット、ノーザンブロット、サザンブロット、免疫組織化学、ELISA、例えば増幅ELISA、定量的血液アッセイ、例えば血清ELISA、例えばCTX−IIの場合にはタンパク質の発現又は分解のレベルを検査するための定量的尿(urime)アッセイ、免疫沈降、免疫蛍光、フローサイトメトリー、免疫細胞化学、質量分析(spectrometrometric analyses)、例えば、MALDI−TOF及びSELDI−TOF、核酸ハイブリダイゼーション技術、核酸逆転写方法、並びに核酸増幅方法が挙げられるが、これらだけに限定されない。かかるアッセイの例を以下により詳細に記述する。
本発明の方法を、タンパク質アッセイを利用して実施して、所与のバイオマーカーのレベルを測定することができる。タンパク質アッセイの例としては、免疫組織化学分析及び/又はウエスタン分析、定量的血液アッセイ、例えば血清ELISA、及び定量的尿アッセイ、例えば尿ELISAが挙げられる。一実施形態においては、免疫測定法を実施して、所与のバイオマーカーを定量評価する。
一実施形態においては、前記バイオマーカーをコードするmRNAのレベルを、当業者に公知の方法、例えばノーザン分析によって測定する。バイオマーカーの遺伝子発現をRNAレベルで検出することができる。RNAは、RNA抽出技術によって、例えば、酸フェノール/グアニジンイソチオシアナート抽出(RNAzol B;Biogenesis)、RNeasy RNA調製キット(Qiagen)又はPAXgene(PreAnalytix、Switzerland)によって、細胞から抽出することができる。リボ核酸ハイブリダイゼーションを利用した典型的なアッセイ形式としては、核ランオンアッセイ、RT−PCR、RNase保護アッセイ(Melton et al., Nuc. Acids Res. 12:7035)、ノーザンブロット法、In situハイブリダイゼーションなどが挙げられる。遺伝子発現は、以下に示すマイクロアレイ分析によって検出することもできる。
本発明は、強直性脊椎炎(AS)の治療に対するTNFα阻害剤、例えばヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力を決定する方法を記述する。本発明は、患者における強直性脊椎炎(AS)に関連した構造的損傷の進行を遅延させるために、TNFα阻害剤、例えばヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力をモニターする方法も提供する。本発明は、患者におけるASの治療に対するTNFα阻害剤、例えばヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力を予測する方法も更に含む。特許請求の方法に関連した組成物及びキットも本発明の一部として企図される。
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する。
TNFαは、脊椎関節症などの炎症性疾患を含めて、多種多様な障害の病態生理に関係する(例えば、Moeller et al.(1990) Cytokine 2:162、米国特許第5,231,024号、欧州特許公報第260 610号参照)。
腫よう壊死因子は、強直性脊椎炎(AS)の病態生理に関係する(Verjans et al.(1991) Arthritis Rheum. 34:486;Verjans et al.(1994) Clin Exp Immunol. 97:45;Kaijtzel et al.(1999) Hum Immunol. 60:140参照)。ASは、1個以上の椎骨の炎症を含む炎症性障害である。ASは、脊椎骨間の関節、仙腸関節、及び脊椎と骨盤の間の関節を含めて、中軸骨格及び/又は末梢の関節で発症する慢性炎症性疾患である。ASによって、最終的に、患部椎骨は融着し、又は一緒に成長する。ASを含めて脊椎関節症は、乾せん性関節炎(PsA)、及び/又は潰よう性大腸炎及びクローン病を含めた炎症性腸疾患(IBD)と関連し得る。
腫よう壊死因子は、乾せん性関節炎(PsA)の病態生理に関係する(Partsch et al.(1998) Ann Rheum Dis. 57:691;Ritchlin et al.(1998) J Rheumatol. 25:1544)。本明細書では、乾せん性関節炎、又は皮膚に関連した乾せんは、体表面に赤斑を生じる一般的な慢性皮膚症状である乾せんと関連がある慢性炎症性関節炎を指す。乾せん患者の約20人に1人は皮膚症状と一緒に関節炎を発症し、症例の約75%において関節炎の前に乾せんが起こる。PsAは軽度から重度の関節炎まで様々であり、指及び脊椎で通常は発症する。脊椎で発症したとき、その症候は、上述した強直性脊椎炎の症候に類似している。したがって、PsAの治療に対するTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合断片の効力を、本発明の方法及び組成物によって決定することができる。
腫よう壊死因子は、ライター症候群とも称される反応性関節炎の病態生理に関係する(Braun et al.(1999) Arthritis Rheum. 42(10):2039)。反応性関節炎(ReA)は、腸管感染症又は泌尿生殖器感染症に続くことが多い、体内の他の場所での感染症を併発する関節炎を指す。ReAは、関節の炎症(関節炎)、尿道炎、結膜炎並びに皮膚及び粘膜の病変を含めて、ある種の臨床症状を特徴とすることが多い。また、ReAは、クラミジア(chlamydia)、カンピロバクター(campylobacter)、サルモネラ(salmonella)又はエルシニア(yersinia)を含めて、性感染症又は赤痢感染に続いて起こり得る。一実施形態においては、ReAの治療に対するTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合断片の効力を、本発明の方法及び組成物によって決定することができる。
一実施形態においては、本発明の方法によって得られる抗体を用いて、未分化脊椎関節症患者を治療する(Zeidler et al.(1992) Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 18:187参照)。未分化脊椎関節症の記述に用いられる他の用語としては、血清陰性オリゴ関節炎、未分化オリゴ関節炎などが挙げられる。本明細書では未分化脊椎関節症は、対象が脊椎関節症に関連した症候の一部のみしか示さない障害を指す。この症状は、IBD、乾せん、又はAS若しくはライター症候群の古典的症状を示さない若年成人において通常は認められる。未分化脊椎関節症は、ASの初期徴候である場合もある。一実施形態においては、未分化脊椎関節症の治療に対するTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合断片の効力を、本発明の方法及び組成物によって決定することができる。
V. 薬剤組成物及び薬剤投与
A. 組成物及び投与
本発明の方法に用いる抗体、抗体部分及び他のTNFα阻害剤は、対象への投与に適切な薬剤組成物に混合することができる。典型的には、薬剤組成物は、本発明の抗体、抗体部分又は他のTNFα阻害剤と薬剤として許容される担体とを含む。本明細書では「薬剤として許容される担体」は、生理学的に適合する、任意及びすべての溶媒、分散媒、コーティング、抗菌剤及び抗真菌剤、等張化剤及び吸収遅延剤などを含む。薬剤として許容される担体の例としては、水、食塩水、リン酸緩衝食塩水、デキストロース、グリセリン、エタノールなどの1つ以上、及びこれらの組合せが挙げられる。組成物中に等張化剤、例えば、糖、マンニトール、ソルビトールなどの多価アルコール、又は塩化ナトリウムを含むことが好ましい場合が多い。薬剤として許容される担体は、抗体、抗体部分又は他のTNFα阻害剤の品質保持期間又は有効性を向上させる、湿潤剤、乳化剤、防腐剤、緩衝剤などの補助物質の少量を更に含むことができる。
本発明は、単独の、又は追加の治療薬と組み合わせた、AS治療に対するTNF阻害剤の効力を決定することに関する。本明細書に記載の方法及び薬剤組成物に用いる薬剤の組合せは、治療対象の症状又は疾患に対して治療上の相加効果又は相乗効果を有し得る。本明細書に記載の方法又は薬剤組成物に用いる薬剤の組合せは、薬剤の少なくとも1種類を単独で、又は特定の薬剤組成物の他の薬剤なしで投与したときにそれに付随する有害作用を低減することもできる。例えば、ある薬剤の副作用毒性を組成物の別の薬剤によって減弱することができ、したがって投与量を多くし、患者の服薬遵守を改善し、治療成果を向上させることができる。組成物の相加効果又は相乗効果、利益及び利点は、治療薬のクラス、すなわち構造クラス若しくは機能クラスに、又は個々の化合物自体に当てはまる。
実施例
少なくとも1種類のNSAID又はDMARDに対して十分に反応しない、活動的なASの患者は、この試験に適格であった。試験設計を図1に示す。患者を無作為化して、最初の24週二重拘束(double−bind)期間中、続いて80週の非盲検期間中、プラセボ又はアダリムマブ40mgを隔週(eow)で皮下(sc)投与した。3種類のバイオマーカーを、ベースライン、及びアダリムマブ又はプラセボによる治療後第12週及び第24週に分析した。具体的には、骨吸収マーカーの血清I型コラーゲンNテロペプチド(NTX)、コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーの尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチド(尿中CTX−II)、及び滑膜炎バイオマーカーの血清マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMPS)を分析した。したがって、主要効力パラメータとしては、ASsessment in AS(ASAS) Working Group判定基準、Bath AS Disease Activity Index(BASDAI)及びCRPが挙げられる。ELISAによって、尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチド(尿中CTX−II)、血清I型コラーゲンNテロペプチド(NTX)及び血清MMP3の各濃度を各患者についてベースライン、第12週及び第24週に測定した。各投与群におけるベースラインとの濃度差、並びにこれらのバイオマーカーの変化の相関、及び他のAS結果を求めた。
合計82名の患者(44名のプラセボ患者と38名のアダリムマブ患者)が参加した。合計82名の患者のうち80名(98%)の患者は、24週の期間を満了した。24週の期間を満了しなかった2名の患者はプラセボ群であった。ベースライン特性は、投与群間で類似していた。ベースラインの人口統計を下記表1に示す。
当業者は、本明細書に記載した本発明の具体的実施形態の多数の均等形態をせいぜい定常的な実験法によって認識し、又は確認することができる。かかる均等形態は以下の特許請求の範囲に包含されるものとする。本願を通して引用するすべての参考文献、特許及び特許出願公報の内容を参照により本明細書に組み込む。
Claims (58)
- ヒトTNFα抗体を用いた治療後に強直性脊椎炎(AS)患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの所定レベルを、病態に関連したコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルと比較することと、
患者の治療後のコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルがコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することと
を含み、ヒトTNFα抗体を用いた治療後に患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルが既知標準レベルよりも低いことによって、ASの治療のためのヒトTNFα抗体の効力が示される、
ASの治療のためのヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力を決定する方法。 - コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーがII型コラーゲンCテロペプチド(CTX−II)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーが尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチド(CTX−II)である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーがマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーが血清メタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ASに付随した構造的損傷を改善するためのヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力が決定される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 患者のC反応性タンパク質(CRP)レベルを病態に関連した既知標準CRPレベルと比較することと、および
患者のCRPレベルが既知標準CRPレベルよりも高いかどうかを評価することと
を更に含み、既知標準よりも低いC反応性タンパク質レベルによって治療の効力が示される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−8M以下のKd及び1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、標準インビトロL929アッセイにおいてヒトTNFα細胞傷害性を1×10−7M以下のIC50で中和する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、以下の特性を有する、すなわち、
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する、
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号3のアミノ酸配列、又は位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)を含み、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する重鎖可変領域(HCVR)を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)と配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR)とを含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部がアダリムマブである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 強直性脊椎炎(AS)患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの治療前レベルを、前記患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの治療後レベルと比較することを含み、治療後バイオマーカーレベルの方が低いことによってヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力が示される、ASに対するヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力を決定する方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーがII型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーが尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーがマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーが血清マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 患者におけるコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーのレベルを測定することと、コラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーのレベルを、強直性脊椎炎(AS)に関連したコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルと比較することとを含み、バイオマーカーレベルの低下によって、ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、患者におけるASに付随した構造的損傷の進行速度を低下させるのに有効であることが示される、患者におけるASに付随した構造的損傷の進行の遅延に対するヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力をモニターする方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーがII型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーが尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーがマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーが血清マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−8M以下のKd及び1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、標準インビトロL929アッセイにおいてヒトTNFα細胞傷害性を1×10−7M以下のIC50で中和する、請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、以下の特性を有する、すなわち、
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する、
請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号3のアミノ酸配列、又は位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)を含み、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する重鎖可変領域(HCVR)を含む、請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)と配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR)とを含む、請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部がアダリムマブである、請求項18から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部を用いた治療後に患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの所定レベルを、ASに関連したコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルと比較することと、
患者の治療後のコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルがコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することと
を含み、患者から得られたコラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルが既知標準レベルよりも低いことによって、ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が患者におけるASの治療に有効であることが予測される、
患者におけるASの治療に対するヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部の効力を予測する方法。 - コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーがII型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項28に記載の方法。
- コラーゲン分解バイオマーカーが尿中II型コラーゲンCテロペプチドである、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーがマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 滑膜炎バイオマーカーが血清マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3(MMP3)である、請求項31に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−8M以下のKd及び1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、標準インビトロL929アッセイにおいてヒトTNFα細胞傷害性を1×10−7M以下のIC50で中和する、請求項28から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、以下の特性を有する、すなわち、
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する、
請求項28から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号3のアミノ酸配列、又は位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)を含み、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変されたアミノ酸配列を含むCDR3ドメインを有する重鎖可変領域(HCVR)を含む、請求項28から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ヒトTNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)と配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR)とを含む、請求項28から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部がアダリムマブである、請求項28から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- バイオマーカーレベルがELISAによって測定される、請求項1から37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- a)コラーゲン分解バイオマーカー及び/又は滑膜炎バイオマーカーを特異的に認識する検出可能な薬剤と、
b)使用説明書と、
c)場合によっては、患者から試料を単離するための試薬と
を含む、請求項1から37のいずれか一項に記載の方法を実施するためのキット。 - 検出可能な薬剤が尿中CTX−II又は血清MMP3を認識する、請求項39に記載のキット。
- TNFα阻害剤を用いた治療後に患者から得られたCTX−IIの所定レベルを、病態に関連したCTX−IIの既知標準レベルと比較することと、
患者の治療後のCTX−IIレベルがCTX−IIの既知標準レベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することとを含み、患者から得られたCTX−IIレベルが既知標準レベルよりも低いことによって、TNFα阻害剤が患者におけるASの治療に有効であることが示される、
患者におけるASの治療に対するTNFα阻害剤の効力を決定する方法。 - TNFα阻害剤を用いた治療後に強直性脊椎炎(AS)患者から得られたCTX−IIの所定レベルを、病態に関連したCTX−IIの既知標準レベルと比較することと、
患者の治療後のCTX−IIレベルがCTX−IIの既知標準レベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することとを含み、TNFα阻害剤を用いた治療後に患者から得られたCTX−IIレベルが既知標準レベルよりも低いことによって、TNFα阻害剤が患者におけるASに付随した構造的損傷を軽減するのに有効であることが示される、
患者におけるASに付随した構造的損傷の軽減に対するTNFα阻害剤の効力を決定する方法。 - 患者から得られたCTX−IIの所定の治療後レベルを、患者から得られたCTX−IIの所定の治療前レベルと比較することと、
治療後のCTX−IIレベルが治療前のCTX−IIレベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することとを含み、患者から得られた治療後のCTX−IIレベルが治療前のCTX−IIレベルよりも低いことによって、TNFα阻害剤が患者におけるASの治療に有効であることが示される、
患者におけるASの治療に対するTNFα阻害剤の効力を決定する方法。 - 治療後のCTX−IIレベルが、治療前のCTX−IIレベルよりも少なくとも約9%減少する、請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- CTX−IIが尿中CTX−IIである、請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- CTX−IIレベルがELISAによって測定される、請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TNFα阻害剤が、TNFα抗体若しくはその抗原結合部、TNF融合タンパク質又は組換えTNF結合タンパク質からなる群から選択される、請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TNF融合タンパク質がエタネルセプトである、請求項47に記載の方法。
- TNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体及び多価抗体からなる群から選択される、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 抗TNFα抗体又はその抗原結合部が、インフリキシマブ、ゴリムマブ及びアダリムマブからなる群から選択される、請求項47に記載の方法。
- ヒト抗体又はその抗原結合部が、表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−8M以下のKd及び1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、標準インビトロL929アッセイにおいてヒトTNFα細胞傷害性を1×10−7M以下のIC50で中和する、請求項49に記載の方法。
- ヒト抗体又はその抗原結合部が以下の特性を有する、すなわち、
a)表面プラズモン共鳴によって測定して1×10−3s−1以下のKoff速度定数でヒトTNFαから解離し、
b)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置1、4、5、7若しくは8における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置1、3、4、6、7、8及び/又は9における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号3から改変された軽鎖CDR3ドメインを有し、
c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR3ドメイン、位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10若しくは11における単一のアラニン置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメイン、又は位置2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10、11及び/又は12における1から5個の保存的アミノ酸置換によって配列番号4から改変された重鎖CDR3ドメインを有する、
請求項49に記載の方法。 - ヒト抗体又はその抗原結合部が、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)と配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR)とを含む、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 患者から得られた滑膜炎バイオマーカーの所定の治療後レベルを、ASに関連した滑膜炎バイオマーカーの既知標準レベルと比較することと、
治療後の滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルが既知標準滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルよりも低いかどうかを評価することとを更に含み、治療後の滑膜炎バイオマーカーが既知標準滑膜炎バイオマーカーレベルよりも低いことによって、TNFα阻害剤が患者におけるASの治療に有効であることが示される、
請求項41から43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 滑膜炎バイオマーカーがMMP−3である、請求項54に記載の方法。
- バイオマーカーレベルがELISAによって測定される、請求項41から54のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- a)CTX−IIを特異的に認識する検出可能な薬剤と、
b)使用説明書と、
c)場合によっては、患者から試料を単離するための試薬と
を含む、請求項41から54のいずれか一項に記載の方法を実施するためのキット。 - MMP−3を特異的に認識する検出可能な薬剤を更に含む、請求項57に記載のキット。
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