JP2009131839A - 貴金属担持粉末の製造方法、貴金属担持粉末及び排気ガス浄化用触媒 - Google Patents
貴金属担持粉末の製造方法、貴金属担持粉末及び排気ガス浄化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 貴金属担持粉末粒子3とバインダー4とを液中で混合してスラリを形成し、このスラリに振動を付加して貴金属担持粉末粒子3を分散させた後、この貴金属担持粉末粒子3が分散した状態のままスラリを噴霧乾燥させる。これにより、貴金属担持粉末1には排気ガスが流通する細孔2が適切に形成され、排気ガス浄化性能を向上させることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
スラリの急速乾燥の直前に、分散度33%以上の状態に高分散させるような振動付加処理をすることによって、貴金属担持粉末粒子同士を隔離した状態で固定化することができる。このため、貴金属担持粉末粒子間での貴金属の移行及び凝集・粒子成長が起きない。このため、貴金属表面積の低下ひいては触媒性能の劣化が少ない排気ガス浄化用触媒を製造することができる。
Pt担持粉末を平均粒径150[nm]となるように粉砕し、Pt担持粉末粒子とした。Ptを担持させる粉末の材料には、アルミナ(Al2O3)を用いた。また、Pt担持粉末の粉砕には、粉砕メディアを用いた湿式粉砕機を用いた。
次に、Pt担持粉末粒子とバインダーとを混合し、高分散処理したスラリを、液滴1個あたり約1.8[msec]で瞬間乾燥した。スラリの乾燥には、瞬間乾燥装置としての噴霧乾燥装置を用い、入口温度を350度とし、出口温度を140度となるように、印加熱量及びスラリ処理速度を調整した。ここで、液滴の平均粒径は、約10[μm]とした。
式(2)において、100[nm]未満の細孔内におけるガス拡散は、クヌーセン拡散と呼ばれ、式(3)で示される。
ここに、qは単位面積、単位時間あたりのガス流通量、rは細孔の半径、εは多孔度、Rは気体定数、Tは絶対温度、Mは気体の分子量、p1,p2は細孔の両側の気体の圧力、lは細孔の長さである。
実施例2は、実施例1の貴金属担持粉末を用いた排気ガス浄化用触媒の例である。
このとき、HC転化率は44%であり、目標性能(平成17年排出ガス規制値−75%)を達成するために、本評価条件で必要な転化率(40%)以上であった。
実施例3は、Ceを含む貴金属担持粉末及びそれを用いた排気ガス浄化用触媒の例である。
このとき、HC転化率は46%であり、目標性能(平成17年排出ガス規制値−75%)を達成するために、本評価条件で必要な転化率(40%)以上であった。
実施例4は、実施例1及び2とはスラリの分散度が異なる例である。
このとき、HC転化率は42%であり、目標性能(平成17年排出ガス規制値−75%)を達成するために、本評価条件で必要な転化率(40%)以上であった。
実施例5は、実施例1及び2とはスラリの分散度が異なる例である。
このとき、HC転化率は40%であり、目標性能(平成17年排出ガス規制値−75%)を達成するために、本評価条件で必要な転化率(40%)以上であった。
実施例6は、実施例1とはスラリの乾燥時間が異なる例である。
実施例7は、実施例6の貴金属担持粉末を用いた排気ガス浄化用触媒の例である。
このとき、HC転化率は40%であり、目標性能(平成17年排出ガス規制値−75%)を達成するために、本評価条件で必要な転化率(40%)以上であった。
実施例8は、実施例1及び2とは、バインダーの粒子径が異なる例である。
実施例9は、実施例1及び2とは、貴金属担持粉末粒子とバインダーとの混合比が異なる例である。
実施例10は実施例1及び2とは貴金属担持粉末粒子の粒子径が異なる例である。
比較例1は、貴金属担持粉末粒子の平均粒径が大きい例である。
比較例2は、比較例1の貴金属担持粉末を排気ガス浄化用触媒とした例である。
このとき、HC転化率は5%であった。
比較例3は、スラリを分散処理することなく、かつ、ゆっくり乾燥した例である。
比較例4は比較例3の貴金属担持粉末を排気ガス浄化用触媒とした例である。
このとき、HC転化率は10%であった。
比較例5は、スラリの分散度が小さい例である。
このとき、HC転化率は30%であった。
比較例6は、スラリの分散度が小さい例である。
このとき、HC転化率は15%であった。
比較例7は、バインダーの平均粒子径が貴金属担持粉末粒子の20倍の例である。
実施例8は、貴金属担持粉末に比べてバインダーの量が少ない例である。
比較例9は、貴金属担持粒子の平均粒径が小さい例である。
3 貴金属担持粉体粒子
Claims (11)
- 貴金属担持粉末粒子とバインダーとを液中で混合してスラリを形成し、
このスラリに振動を付加して貴金属担持粉末粒子を分散させた後、この貴金属担持粉末粒子が分散した状態のままスラリを噴霧乾燥させることを特徴とする貴金属担持粉末の製造方法。 - 振動を付加してスラリ中の貴金属担持粉末粒子の分散度を33%以上にすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の貴金属担持粉末の製造方法。
- 前記噴霧乾燥を、直径1[mm]以下の液滴を1個あたり0.6秒以内で水分を蒸発させる条件で行うことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の貴金属担持粉末の製造方法。
- 前記バインダーは、無機酸化物を主成分とし平均粒子径が貴金属担持粉末粒子の1/10から10倍の範囲内であるものを用い、貴金属担持粉末粒子とバインダーとの混合比が10:90から90:10の範囲内とすることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の貴金属担持粉末の製造方法。
- 振動を付加する前のスラリに、Ce含有酸化物粉末粒子を加えて混合することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の貴金属担持粉末の製造方法。
- 複数の貴金属粉末粒子とバインダーとを備え、当該複数の貴金属担持粉末粒子の平均粒径が1[μm]以下であることを特徴とする貴金属担持粉末。
- 前記複数の貴金属担持粉末粒子の平均粒径が90[nm]以上550[nm]以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の貴金属担持粉末。
- 前記バインダーは、無機酸化物を主成分とし平均粒子径が貴金属担持粉末粒子の1/10から10倍の範囲内であるものであり、貴金属担持粉末粒子とバインダーとの混合比が10:90から90:10の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の貴金属担持粉末。
- Ce含有酸化物粉末粒子を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載の貴金属担持粉末。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法で製造された貴金属担持粉末を含むスラリを耐火性無機担体に塗布して少なくとも1層の触媒層が形成されていることを特徴とする排気ガス浄化用触媒。
- 耐火性無機担体に少なくとも1層の触媒層を備え、この触媒層に請求項6〜9のいずれか1項に記載の貴金属担持粉末を含むことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化用触媒。
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