JP2007052964A - 非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】正負極とセパレータと非水電解液とからなり、正極は単位面積当たりの理論容量が3.0〜4.5mAh/cm2であり、非水電解液は溶媒として炭酸エチレン、炭酸メチルエチル、および炭酸ジメチルを含みかつ電解質としてLiPF6を含み、この各溶媒の全溶媒に対する重量比率はそれぞれ炭酸エチレンが10〜20重量%、炭酸メチルエチルが10〜20重量%、炭酸ジメチルが60〜80重量%であって、LiPF6の濃度が1.30〜1.50Mである。
【選択図】図1
Description
電解液とからなり、正極は単位面積当たりの理論容量が3.0〜4.5mAh/cm2であり、非水電解液は溶媒として炭酸エチレン、炭酸メチルエチル、および炭酸ジメチルを含みかつ電解質としてLiPF6を含み、この各溶媒の全溶媒に対する体積比率はそれぞれ炭酸エチレンが10〜20%、炭酸メチルエチルが10〜20%、炭酸ジメチルが60〜80%であって、LiPF6の濃度が1.30〜1.50Mであることを特徴とする。
題が解決されるので本発明の意義が発揮できない。
請求項6記載の発明は、請求項1記載の内容を前提として、正負極およびセパレータからなる電極群が多数回捲回された円筒型構造であることを特徴とする。電極群の構成としては円筒型のほかに角型(捲回タイプと積層タイプ)があるが、充放電時に捲回方向の芯部において高い拘束を受ける円筒型に本発明の技術を用いると、その効果が一層顕著となるので好ましい。
定された本発明の円筒型非水電解液二次電池が構成される。
なおこの非水電解質二次電池1に、電池内部の圧力が所定値よりも高くなったときに内部の気体を抜くための安全弁装置13を設けてもよい。さらに上述の記載では一例として円筒型を挙げたが、角型、コイン型、ボタン型等、その形状については特に限定されない。
Li2CO3とCo3O4とNiOとMnO2とを焼成後Li0.94Ni0.35Mn0.35Co0.35O2となるように混合し、900℃で10時間焼成し正極活物質を作製した。この正極活物質100重量部をアセチレンブラック2.5重量部、フッ素樹脂系結着剤4重量部、及び適量のカルボキシメチルセルロース水溶液と共に双腕式練合機にて攪拌し、正極ペーストを作製した。このペーストを30μm厚のアルミニウム箔の両面に塗布乾燥し、総厚が99μm、単位面積当たりの理論容量が3.7mAh/cm2、合材部の多孔度が25%となるようにして圧延した後、塗工幅52mm、塗工長さ1660mの寸法に裁断し正極を得た。
非水電解液の溶媒に体積比率としてEC:EMC:DMC=10:15:75、20:15:65、15:10:75、15:20:65の混合溶媒を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を本発明の実施例2〜5とする。
実施例1記載の溶媒に1.30および1.50MのLiPF6を溶解したものを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を本発明の実施例6〜7とする。
正極の単位面積当たりの理論容量が3.0および4.5mAh/gとなるように電極厚みおよび長さを調整したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を本発明の実施例8〜9とする。
合材部の多孔度(35%)を維持しつつ負極負荷が210、220、290、300mAh/gとなるように負極厚みを調整したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を本発明の実施例10〜13とする。
実施例1記載のポリエチレン製のセパレータの厚みが18、25、15、30μmのものを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を本発明の実施例14〜17とする。
(比較例1〜4)
非水電解液の溶媒に体積比率としてEC:EMC:DMC=5:15:80、25:10:60、15:5:80、15:25:60の混合溶媒を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を比較例1〜4とする。
(比較例5〜6)
実施例1記載の溶媒に1.20および1.60MのLiPF6を溶解したものを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を比較例5〜6とする。
(比較例7〜8)
正極の単位面積当たりの理論容量が2.5および5.0mAh/gとなるように電極厚みおよび長さを調整したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した電池を比較例7〜8とする。
−5℃環境において10Aの定電流充電にて充電電圧4.2Vに達した後、4.2V一定下で終止電流を0.26Aとした定電圧充電を行い、20分の休止後、放電電流20Aで放電終止電圧2.0Vの定電流放電を行った。次いで20℃環境において10Aの定電流充電にて充電電圧4.2Vに達した後、4.2V一定下で終止電流を0.26Aとした定電圧充電を行い、20分の休止後、放電電流20Aで放電終止電圧2.0Vの定電流放電を行った。その際の20℃放電容量に対する−5℃放電容量の比率を「容量比率」として(表1)に示す。
−5℃環境において10Aの定電流充電にて充電電圧4.2Vに達した後、4.2V一定下で終始電流を0.26Aとした定電圧充電を行い、20分の休止後、放電電流20Aで放電終止電圧2.0Vの定電流放電を行い、その後20分の休止の充放電サイクルを10回繰り返した後に50℃の環境下で直径3mmの釘を5mmの速度で電池の中心に貫通させた。ここで電池表面温度が130℃を超えた電池については過熱が起こったと認定した。各例5セルに対する過熱発生セルの数を(表1)に示す。
−5℃環境において10Aの定電流充電にて充電電圧4.2Vに達した後、4.2V一定下で終始電流を0.26Aとした定電圧充電を行い、20分の休止後、放電電流20Aで放電終止電圧2.0Vの定電流放電を行い、その後20分の休止の充放電サイクルを繰り返した際のサイクル数に対する容量維持率を測定した。その200サイクル目の容量維持率の結果を「サイクル維持率」として(表1)に示す。
入れ性が低下したためと考えられる。実施例14はセパレータの厚みが薄く電解液の保有量が低下し、電解液の拡散抵抗が増加したためと考えられる。逆に実施例15はセパレータの厚みが大きくリチウムの移動距離が長くなり、リチウムイオンの拡散抵抗が増加したためと考えられる。
2 負極
3 正極
4 セパレータ
5 電池缶
6 負極集電体
7 正極集電体
8 絶縁板
9 負極リード
10 正極リード
11 電池蓋
12 絶縁封口ガスケット
13 安全弁装置
Claims (6)
- 正極と、負極と、セパレータと、非水電解液とからなる非水電解液二次電池であって、
前記正極は、単位面積当たりの理論容量が3.0〜4.5mAh/cm2であり、
前記非水電解液は、溶媒として炭酸エチレン、炭酸メチルエチル、および炭酸ジメチルを含み、かつ電解質としてLiPF6を含み、
前記各溶媒の全溶媒に対する体積比率はそれぞれ炭酸エチレンが10〜20%、炭酸メチルエチルが10〜20%、炭酸ジメチルが60〜80%であって、
LiPF6の濃度が1.30〜1.50Mであることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。 - 前記正極は正極活物質を含む合剤層と集電体とからなり、この合剤層の空孔体積比率が24〜31%であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記負極の活物質は炭素材料を主体とすることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 電池容量をA、前記炭素材料の重量をBとしたときに、負極負荷A/Bが220〜290mAh/gであることを特徴とする、請求項3記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記セパレータの厚さが18〜25μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記正極、負極およびセパレータからなる電極群は、多数回捲回された円筒型構造であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
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CNB2006101150425A CN100541902C (zh) | 2005-08-17 | 2006-08-17 | 非水电解液二次电池 |
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JP2013157136A (ja) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
CN103367803A (zh) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-23 | 杭州力奥科技有限公司 | 用于超低温充放电的锂离子电池电解液的磷酸铁锂电池 |
KR20190139156A (ko) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 저온 특성 및 고온 특성이 향상된 리튬 이차전지 |
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KR100982325B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-12 | 2010-09-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR101640937B1 (ko) | 2009-11-13 | 2016-07-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
US20150255795A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-09-10 | Tdk Corporation | Lithium ion secondary battery |
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CN103367803A (zh) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-23 | 杭州力奥科技有限公司 | 用于超低温充放电的锂离子电池电解液的磷酸铁锂电池 |
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