JP2006521817A - タンニンと組み合わせてLactobacillusplantarum株を含有する組成物、並びに、新規Lactobacillusplantarum株 - Google Patents
タンニンと組み合わせてLactobacillusplantarum株を含有する組成物、並びに、新規Lactobacillusplantarum株 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006521817A JP2006521817A JP2006507999A JP2006507999A JP2006521817A JP 2006521817 A JP2006521817 A JP 2006521817A JP 2006507999 A JP2006507999 A JP 2006507999A JP 2006507999 A JP2006507999 A JP 2006507999A JP 2006521817 A JP2006521817 A JP 2006521817A
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- lactobacillus plantarum
- lactobacillus
- dsm
- tannase
- tannins
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Abstract
Description
先行技術
ほとんどのLactobacillus種がタンニンを分解することができないが、密接に関係する種L.plantarum、L.pentosus及びL.paraplantarumの株はタンナーゼ活性を有し得る(Osawa, R., et al. (2000), Isolation of tannin−degrading lactobacilli from humans and fermented foods, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66:3093−3097)。
ヒトの腸粘膜に付着する能力を有し且つタンナーゼを産生する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarumの株が、タンニンを分解するときに、胃腸(GI)管における有害なバクテリアに対抗する(counteract)化合物を産生し、GI管において吸収されるときに、抗炎症作用を示すことが今や見出された。
発明の説明
本発明は、タンニンと組み合わせて、ヒトの腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus spp.の1又はそれ以上のタンナーゼ産生株を含有する組成物に関する。前記組成物は、抗微生物及び抗炎症作用を有する化合物をin vivo産生し、且つ、保存効果を有する化合物をin vitro産生する。
株の単離
42の異なる新たに分離されたLactobacillus株を試験し、タンナーゼを産生する(即ち、タンニンを分解する)能力について、よく知られているプロバイオティックな参考株Lactobacillus plantarum 299v、DSM 9843と比較した。該株は、下記の第1表に列挙している。
スクリーニング方法
タンナーゼ活性を検出するために適用される方法は、Osawa及びWalsh(1993)によって以前に記載されている。検出原理は、以下の手順によってタンニンの分解(メチルガレート)を測定することである:
被験バクテリウムを、37℃にて2dの間MRS寒天(Merck, Darmstadt, Germany)上で嫌気的に培養し、次いで、細胞を回収し、5mlの0.9% (w/v)NaCl中に懸濁する。細胞懸濁液を遠心し、細胞を10mlの0.9%NaClに再懸濁し、620nmにて吸光度を測定する(標準として0.9% NaCl溶液)。細胞懸濁液を、吸光度が0.1〜0.6になるまで希釈する(分光光度計,Pharmacia LOB, Novaspec II)。遠心後、細胞を1mlメチルガレート緩衝液(3.7g/lメチルガレート[Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee, WI, USA]、4.5g/l NaH2PO4、pH=5.0[フィルター滅菌された])中に再懸濁し、試験管を24hの間37℃にてインキュベートする。440nmにおける吸光度の測定(標準としてNaHCO3緩衝液)の前に、1mlのNaHCO3緩衝液(1リットル当たり42g NaHCO3、pH=8.6)を添加し、溶液を室温にて1hの間インキュベートする。懸濁液の色を目視により測定する。
REAによるゲノタイプの同定
株は、「Stahl M, Molin G, Persson A, Ahrne S & Stahl S, International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 40:189−193, 1990」に従い、さらに、Johansson, M−L, et al., International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 45:670−675, 1995によって開発された制限エンドヌクレアーゼ分析−REA−を通じて染色体DNAの切断パターンについて調べられた。概略的に、REAは、下記のとおり記載され得る。染色体DNAを研究されている株から調製し、そして、制限エンドヌクレアーゼによって切断させる。0.75μgの各DNAを、別々に、37℃にて、4hの間、10ユニットのEcoRI及びHind IIIで消化した;各エンドヌクレアーゼを別々に使用した。切断されたDNAフラグメントを、サブマージ水平アガローススラブゲル(submerged horizontal agarose slab gels)を用いたゲル電気泳動によって、サイズに応じて分離した。ゲルは、150mlの0.9%アガロース(ultrapure DNA grade; low electro−endo osmosis; BioRad Laboratories, Richmond, USA)からなり、スラブゲル(150×235mm)としてキャストした。0.2μgの高分子量DNAマーカー(Bethesda Research Laboratories, MD, USA)、並びに、0.5μgのDNA分子量マーカーVI(Roche, Germany)を標準として使用した。最小のバンドゆがみ及び最大の鮮明さは、Ficollローディングバッファー(2gのFicoll、8mlの水、0.25%のブロモフェノール)中のサンプルDNAをアプライすることによって達成された。
ヒト粘膜から単離された合計32のL. plantarum株を、マンノース特異的結合を有するヒト結腸癌腫細胞系HT−29の腸上皮細胞への付着について、試験した(Wold, A, et al, Infection and Immunity, Oct. 1988, p. 2531−2537により記載された方法)。ヒトの腺癌細胞系HT−29の細胞を、10%の胎児ウシ血清、2mMのL−グルタミン及び50ig/mlのゲンタマイシン(Sigma Chemical Co., Saint Louis, Mo, USA)を補充したEagle’s培地中で培養した。細胞がコンフルエンス(confluence)に達した数日後、それらをEDTA含有緩衝液(0.54mM)で引き離し、洗浄し、5×106/mlでHank’s平衡塩溶液(HBSS)中に懸濁した。バクテリアを回収し、洗浄し、そして、5×109/mlでHBSS中に懸濁した(597nmにおける1.5の2×光学濃度)。細胞、バクテリア、HBSSを比率1:1:3で混合し、4ECにて30分間、逆さまに回転させながら(end−over−end rotation)インキュベートした。氷冷PBSで細胞を1回洗浄し、中性緩衝ホルマリンで固定化した(Histofix, Histolab, Gotebrog, Sweden)。少なくとも40の細胞の各々に付着したバクテリアの数を、干渉コントラスト顕微鏡(interference contrast microscopy)(500×倍率、Nicon Optophot、干渉コントラスト装置(Bergstrom Instruments, Goteborg, Sweden)を備える)を用いて測定し、1細胞当たりのバクテリアの平均数を計算した。
第2表
方法
15匹のBalb/Cマウスを5つのグループに分け(1グループ当たり3匹のマウス)、通常の食物、ローズヒップ粉末(タンニンに富む)及びタンナーゼ陽性株Lactobacillus plantarum 299vの異なる組み合わせを与えた。成分を水と混合し、かゆ状の堅さ(mushy consistency)にした。グループ1及び2には、通常のマウス用の食物を与え、グループ3は、ローズヒップ粉末(1日当たり1.6g)を補充した通常の食物を摂取し、グループ4は、L. plantarum 299v(1回用量当たり1010バクテリア)を補充した通常の食物を摂取し、グループ5は、ローズヒップ粉末とL. plantarum 299vの両方を補充した通常の食物を摂取した。マウスには、虚血/再灌流障害を誘導する前の6〜8日間、1日当たり1回食物を与えた。該障害は、以下の切開プロトコールに従ってなされた:マウスは、麻酔のため、皮下に、0.15mlのケタミン/キシラジン溶液(それぞれ、7.85 mg/ml及び2.57 mg/ml)を与えられた。正中腹部切開を行い、上腸間膜動脈を非外傷性血管ループ(atraumatic vessel loops)及び止血鉗子を用いて閉塞させた(occluded)。急速輸液(fluid resuscitation)のため、腹膜腔へ1.0ml PBSを注入した。血管ループと止血鉗子を取除く前に30分間動脈を閉塞させ、即座の再灌流について組織を観察した。次いで、腹部をrunning vicryl 3-0縫合糸を用いて閉じた。動物を麻酔から目覚めさせ、ウォーミングパッドから移動させ、ケージの中に戻した。4h15min後、動物に再び麻酔薬を与え、下記の順番で組織及び便サンプルを採取し、予め重量測定しておいた試験管に入れた:肝組織、腸骨腸間膜組織(ilium mesentery tissue)及びバクテリアのサンプリングのための盲腸便(cecum stool)、さらに、脂質過酸化についての比色アッセイのための盲腸及び腸骨組織、さらに、組織学的検査のための盲腸及び腸骨組織。細菌学的評価のためのサンプルを、重量測定し、凍結媒体中に入れ、直ぐに−70℃にて凍結した。比色アッセイのためのサンプル(LPO586)を、PBSでリンスし、重量測定し、ホモジナイズし、分注し(aliquoted)、直ぐに−70℃にて凍結した。
3dの間37℃にてRogosa−agar(Merck, Darmstadt, Germany)、24hの間37℃にてVRBD−agar(Merck, Darmstadt, Germany)、及び、3dの間37℃にてBrain heart infusion agar (BHI; Oxoid, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England)上での嫌気的インキュベーション(BBL Gas Pak Plus, Becton Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA)による生菌数測定(viable count)により、細菌学的評価を行った。BHI上での生菌数測定は、好気的にも行われた。
結腸組織1g当たりのマロンジアルデヒド(MDA)として測定される脂質過酸化は、別個に処理されたマウスにおいて測定され、その結果は、第3表に示される。虚血/再灌流は、MDAを増大させた。食物中のローズヒップ粉末(グループ3)又はL. plantarum 299v(グループ4)を用いたマウスの前処理は、陽性コントロール(グループ2)と比べ、MDAを減少させた。しかしながら、ローズヒップ粉末及びL. plantarum 299vの併用された前処理の効果は、はるかに明白にMDAを減少させた(グループ5)。
ローズヒップ中のタンニンは、障害マウスの腸におけるバクテリアの総量(total load)を減少させたが、マウスがローズヒップと同時にL. plantarum 299vを投与された場合、その減少は緩和され、タンニンにより誘導される減少がL. plantarum 299vによって満たされた。このように、タンニンは、プロバイオティックな株にとって有利になるように、腸微生物叢のバランスを支えている。脂質の過酸化は、ローズヒップ粉末の投与によって緩和されたが、この効果は、ローズヒップ粉末と共にL. plantarum 299vが存在することによって高められた。
Claims (14)
- タンニンと組み合わせて、ヒト腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus種の1又はそれ以上のタンナーゼ産生株を含有する、組成物。
- さらにキャリアを含有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 食品組成物であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 薬学的組成物であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- Lactobacillus plantarumのタンナーゼ産生株を含有する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- Lactobacillus plantarum 299、DSM 6595、及びLactobacillus plantarum 299v、DSM 9843を除外し、OsawaとWalshによって記載される方法によって測定されるタンナーゼ活性を有することを特徴とする、ヒト腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus種のタンナーゼ産生株。
- Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 9、DSM 15312、又は、本質的に同じREA−パターンを有するその変異株である、請求項6に記載のタンナーゼ産生株。
- Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 19、DSM 15313、又は、本質的に同じREA−パターンを有するその変異株である、請求項6に記載のタンナーゼ産生株。
- Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 99、DSM 15316、又は、本質的に同じREA−パターンを有するその変異株である、請求項6に記載のタンナーゼ産生株。
- 心臓血管疾患、糖尿病、炎症性腸疾患(IBD)、過敏性腸症候群(IBS)、胃腸感染症、癌、アルツハイマー病、又は自己免疫原因を伴う疾患(diseases with an autoimmune origin)の予防的又は治療的処置のための薬剤の調製のための、タンニンと組み合わせた、ヒト腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus種のタンナーゼ産生株の使用。
- Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 9、DSM 15312、Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 19、DSM 15313、Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 99、DSM 15316、及び、本質的に同じREA−パターンを有するその変異株からなる群より選択されるタンナーゼ産生株の、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 食品の保存のための、タンニンと組み合わせた、ヒト腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus種のタンナーゼ産生株の使用。
- Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 9、DSM 15312、Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 19、DSM 15313、Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 99、DSM 15316、Lactobacillus plantarum 299v、DSM 9843、及び、本質的に同じREA−パターンを有するその変異株からなる群より選択されるタンナーゼ産生株の、請求項12に記載の使用。
- 新規食品の製造のための、タンニンと組み合わせた、ヒト腸粘膜に付着する能力を有するLactobacillus plantarum又は密接に関係するLactobacillus種のタンナーゼ産生株の使用。
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SE0300994A SE527555C2 (sv) | 2003-04-04 | 2003-04-04 | Anti-inflammatorisk komposition innehållande tannasproducerande Lactobacillusstammar |
US46305803P | 2003-04-16 | 2003-04-16 | |
US60/463,058 | 2003-04-16 | ||
PCT/SE2004/000509 WO2004087893A1 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-04-02 | Compositions comprising lactobacillus plantarum strains in combination with tannin and new lactobacillus plantarum strains |
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JP2013515051A (ja) * | 2009-12-22 | 2013-05-02 | プロビ アクティエボラーグ | 穀物ベースフラクション及びプロバイオティックを含む非発酵組成物、並びにそれらの使用 |
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