JP2006336112A - ニオブ粉末の製造方法 - Google Patents
ニオブ粉末の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006336112A JP2006336112A JP2006243028A JP2006243028A JP2006336112A JP 2006336112 A JP2006336112 A JP 2006336112A JP 2006243028 A JP2006243028 A JP 2006243028A JP 2006243028 A JP2006243028 A JP 2006243028A JP 2006336112 A JP2006336112 A JP 2006336112A
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000095 alkaline earth hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
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Abstract
【解決手段】 対応するニオブ酸化物の還元によりニオブ粉末を製造する方法であって、還元を制御された温度で2段階で行い、還元をアルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属から成る群より選ばれる還元剤の使用により行い、第1反応段階を(Nb)Ox、式中xは0.5〜1.5である、に対応する平均組成に達するまで行い、次いで、第2段階の前に1種以上の鉱酸で洗浄することにより第1段階の還元生成物から還元剤の酸化物を除去し、次いで第2還元段階を行ってニオブの粉末を製造することを特徴とする方法。
【選択図】 なし
Description
。
ize)により本質的に決定される。
タンタルのシートで内側をライニングされそして145mmの内径及び5リットルの内容積を有する円筒形ステンレス鋼製容器を使用した。
2)かさ密度
3)BET比表面積
4)マスターサイザーにより測定された粒子径分布
5)走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)写真から視覚により決定された。
冷却、不活性化及び酸による洗浄の後、バッチを再びドーピングした(第2ドーピング)。バッチを再び取り出し、不活性化し、酸で洗浄しそして乾燥した。
タンタルのワイヤのまわりに得られたニオブ粉末を圧縮(pressing)及び焼結することにより、該得られたニオブ粉末から試験電極を製造した。
連続法
上記したとおり添付図1に略図で示される設備を使用する。出口開口の寸法は面取りしたストッパー7を矢印の方向に変位させることにより調節し、それにより反応器から出る懸濁液の量を調節することができる。貯水パン(catchment pan)8をコンベヤベルト上に出口管6の下に配置する。コンベヤベルトは矢印の方向に移動することができる。出口6が位置している空間9は保護ガスで満たされる。パンは空間9を通して運ばれる間に100℃より低い温度に冷却される。しかる後パンはロック(lock)10を通過する。不動態化空間(passivation space)11は1〜2%の酸
素を含有する保護ガスで満たされる。更なるロック12を通過して後、パンは大気に入る。工業的設備は例えば12リットルの容積を持つ円錐形容器1を含んで成る。マグネシウム溶融物と接触している容器表面(レベル13)は0.4m2の面積を有する。それは周囲の空気により冷却される。五酸化ニオブ6.1kg/時間及びマグネシウム4.25kg/時間を連続的に供給する。五酸化ニオブ粉末は容器1で還元され、そして重力の下で6cmの直径と30cmの長さを有する管5内に、マグネシウム溶融物を押しのけながら落下する。還元生成物10.45kg/時間が出口6でパン8に排出される。冷却、不活性化及び酸洗浄の後、1日当たりNbOx130kgが製造された。
2 モータ駆動式撹拌器
3、4 供給部
5 出口管
6 角度の付いた出口区域
7 チャンネル供給ストッパー
8 小さなトレー
9 室
10 ロック
11 室
12 ロック
Claims (7)
- 対応するニオブ酸化物の還元によりニオブ粉末を製造する方法であって、還元を制御された温度で2段階で行い、
還元をアルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属から成る群より選ばれる還元剤の使用により行い、
第1反応段階を(Nb)Ox、式中xは0.5〜1.5である、に対応する平均組成に達するまで行い、
次いで、第2段階の前に1種以上の鉱酸で洗浄することにより第1段階の還元生成物から還元剤の酸化物を除去し、
次いで第2還元段階を行ってニオブの粉末を製造することを特徴とする方法。 - 第1段階と第2段階との間で還元生成物から過剰の還元剤も除去する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1還元段階において、還元剤金属の溶融物をニオブ酸化物の酸素含有量に対して少なくとも1.25倍過剰で反応容器に入れ、そして該酸化物を、第1還元段階の還元反応発熱の影響を受けた温度が750℃より低くはならず且つ950℃を超えないような方法で、該溶融物中に徐々に計量添加する、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 溶融物を該酸化物の添加後に撹拌する請求項3に記載の方法。
- 容器に入れた還元性金属の溶融物中に酸化物及び還元性金属を同時的に又は交互に計量添加すると共に、還元生成物を連続的に又はバッチ式で排出することにより第1還元段階を連続的に行う請求項4に記載の方法。
- 第1還元段階及び/又は第2還元段階に続いて、得られる還元生成物をP、B、S及び/又はNを含有するドープ剤物質で処理する請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- ニオブ粉末の製造のために、Nb2O5をニオブ酸化物として使用しそしてマグネシウムを還元性金属として使用する請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
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DE19847012A DE19847012A1 (de) | 1998-10-13 | 1998-10-13 | Niobpulver und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
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JP28559699A Division JP4215911B2 (ja) | 1998-10-13 | 1999-10-06 | ニオブ粉末凝集物 |
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JP2006243028A Expired - Lifetime JP4381401B2 (ja) | 1998-10-13 | 2006-09-07 | ニオブ粉末の製造方法 |
JP2007139892A Pending JP2007230865A (ja) | 1998-10-13 | 2007-05-28 | ニオブの酸化物及びその製造方法 |
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EP (1) | EP0997542B1 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP4215911B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100625726B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1180910C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE235571T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU755289B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9904431A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2285786C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE19847012A1 (ja) |
EE (1) | EE04160B1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1027522A1 (ja) |
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CN1180910C (zh) | 2004-12-22 |
CA2285786C (en) | 2009-12-01 |
IL132317A0 (en) | 2001-03-19 |
AU5012799A (en) | 2000-04-20 |
CN1251325A (zh) | 2000-04-26 |
AU755289B2 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
IL132317A (en) | 2003-07-06 |
PT997542E (pt) | 2003-08-29 |
JP2007230865A (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
JP4215911B2 (ja) | 2009-01-28 |
DE59904709D1 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
JP2000119710A (ja) | 2000-04-25 |
KR20000028989A (ko) | 2000-05-25 |
EP0997542B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
EE9900504A (et) | 2000-06-15 |
RU2238821C2 (ru) | 2004-10-27 |
ATE235571T1 (de) | 2003-04-15 |
JP4381401B2 (ja) | 2009-12-09 |
US6136062A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
CA2285786A1 (en) | 2000-04-13 |
KR100625726B1 (ko) | 2006-09-20 |
HK1027522A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 |
BR9904431A (pt) | 2000-08-08 |
EP0997542A1 (de) | 2000-05-03 |
DE19847012A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
EE04160B1 (et) | 2003-10-15 |
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