JP2006183048A - インドロカルバゾール残基を有する化合物を形成するための方法 - Google Patents
インドロカルバゾール残基を有する化合物を形成するための方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006183048A JP2006183048A JP2005359902A JP2005359902A JP2006183048A JP 2006183048 A JP2006183048 A JP 2006183048A JP 2005359902 A JP2005359902 A JP 2005359902A JP 2005359902 A JP2005359902 A JP 2005359902A JP 2006183048 A JP2006183048 A JP 2006183048A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- optionally substituted
- group
- indolocarbazole
- present
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960005544 indolocarbazole Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 21
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
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- -1 Click systems Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012296 anti-solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INZZIBFPDFITRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,9-dibromoindolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=C(Br)C=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 INZZIBFPDFITRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTTXSCCCXVSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,11-bis(4-octylphenyl)indolo[3,2-b]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1N1C2=CC(C3=CC=CC=C3N3C=4C=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=4)=C3C=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 WTTXSCCCXVSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDTPZOVDFSZBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,11-dioctylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=C1C3=CC=CC=C3N(CCCCCCCC)C1=C2 UDTPZOVDFSZBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWWVBEDFBAMCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,12-dimethylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole Chemical class CC1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2C(C)=C2C1=NC1=CC=CC=C12 HWWVBEDFBAMCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】インドロカルバゾール残基を有する化合物を形成するための方法であって、1種または複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール、反応媒体、およびカップリング剤を含む反応混合物を、同一または互いに異なった、複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール残基を含む化合物を形成させるための温度で反応させることを含む方法である。
【選択図】なし
Description
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)
ここで、(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれにおいて、Rはそれぞれ独立して、水素、炭化水素基およびヘテロ原子含有基からなる群より選択され、ここで(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれは、場合によっては、ペリフェラル(peripherally)に置換されている。
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)
ここで、(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれにおいて、Rはそれぞれ独立して、水素、炭化水素基およびヘテロ原子含有基からなる群より選択され(すなわち、それぞれの窒素原子は同一または異なったRを有することができる)、ここで(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれは、場合によっては、炭化水素基、ヘテロ原子含有基、およびハロゲン、またはそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される1種または複数の置換基によってペリフェラルに置換されている。
(a)ポリ(5,11−ジオクチルインドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール)の合成
5,11−ジオクチルインドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール(0.481g、1.0ミリモル)をクロロベンゼン(10mL)に溶解させた溶液を滴下により、100mLフラスコ中のFeCl3(0.681g、4.2ミリモル)とクロロベンゼン(20mL)の混合物の中に、撹拌しながら、0℃、アルゴン雰囲気下で添加した。添加をすると直ぐに、その溶液はダークブルー色に変色した。室温で48時間撹拌してから、その反応混合物をメタノール(200mL)中に注いだ。沈殿した固形生成物を水およびメタノールを用いて洗浄した。洗浄後、その生成物をジクロロメタン(100mL)中に撹拌しながら懸濁させ、その間にアンモニア水溶液(30%、20mL)を添加した。12時間撹拌してから、その混合物をメタノールに添加した。固形の生成物を集めて、最初にメタノールを用いて24時間、次いでヘプタンを用いてさらに24時間、ソックスレ(Soxhlet)抽出にかけた。残存した固形の生成物を、還流クロロベンゼンを用いたソックスレ抽出により単離させた。得られたクロロベンゼン溶液を濃縮してから、100mLのメタノールに撹拌下に加え、生成物を沈殿させた。固形の生成物を減圧下で一夜乾燥させた。収量:0.38g。
本願発明者らの試験デバイス構造として、たとえば図3に模式的に示したような、トップコンタクト型薄膜トランジスタ構成を選択した。試験デバイスを、その上に約110ナノメートルの厚みの熱成長酸化ケイ素層を有するnドープしたシリコンウェーハの上に形成させ、静電容量計で測定して、約30nF/cm2(ナノファラド/平方センチメートル)の静電容量を有するようにした。そのウェーハをゲート電極として機能させ、一方では酸化ケイ素層をゲート絶縁膜として機能させた。そのシリコンウェーハをまず、イソプロパノール、アルゴンプラズマ、イソプロパノールで清浄化し、空気乾燥させてから、オクチルトリクロロシラン(OTS−8)の0.1Mトルエン溶液中に、60℃で20分間浸漬させた。次いで、そのウェーハをトルエン、イソプロパノールを用いて洗浄し、空気乾燥させた。ジクロロベンゼンに溶解させたポリ(5,11−ジオクチルインドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール)の溶液(0.3重量パーセント)をまず1.0マイクロメートルのシリンジフィルタを通して濾過し、次いで、OTS−8で処理したシリコンウェーハの上に、室温、1000rpm、120秒間の条件でスピンコートさせた。これにより、シリコンウェーハの上に20〜50ナノメートルの厚みを有する半導体層が形成されるので、次いでそれを真空炉の中で、80℃で5〜10時間かけて乾燥させた。次いで、半導体層の上に、各種のチャネル長およびチャネル幅を有するシャドーマスクを介して真空蒸着法により、厚み約50ナノメートルの金のソース電極およびドレイン電極を蒸着させ、このようにして、各種の寸法の一連のトランジスタを作製した。
ISD=Ciμ(W/2L)(VG−VT)2 (1)
ここで、ISDは、飽和領域におけるドレイン電流であり、WおよびLはそれぞれ、半導体のチャネル幅およびチャネル長であり、Ciは、ゲート絶縁膜層の単位面積あたりの静電容量であり、そして、VGおよびVTはそれぞれ、ゲート電圧およびしきい値電圧である。デバイスのVTは、飽和領域におけるISDの平方根とそのデバイスのVGとの間の関係から、測定データをISD=0にまで外挿することにより、求めることができる。
移動度:2.1〜2.8×10−3cm2/Vs
オンオフ比:104〜105。
(a)ポリ(5,11−ビス(4−オクチルフェニル)インドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール)の合成
5,11−ビス(4−オクチルフェニル)インドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール(0.50g、0.79ミリモル)をクロロベンゼン(10mL)中に溶解させた溶液を滴下により、100mLフラスコ中のFeCl3(0.58g、3.56ミリモル)とクロロベンゼン(10mL)の混合物の中に、撹拌しながら、室温、アルゴン雰囲気下で添加した。得られた混合物を50℃で48時間撹拌してから、撹拌下のメタノール(200mL)の中に注いだ。沈殿してきた固形の生成物を水およびメタノールを用いて洗浄し、次いで、ジクロロメタン(100mL)の中に懸濁させ、その間にアンモニア水溶液(30%、20mL)を添加した。得られた混合物を12時間撹拌してから、撹拌下の100mLのメタノール中に添加した。固形の生成物を集めて、最初にメタノールを用いて24時間、次いでヘプタンを用いて24時間、ソックスレ抽出にかけた。残存した不溶性の固形の生成物を、還流クロロベンゼンを用いたソックスレ抽出により単離させた。得られたクロロベンゼン溶液を濃縮してから、撹拌下のメタノール(100mL)に加え、生成物を沈殿させた。固形の生成物を減圧下で一夜乾燥させた。収量:0.30g。
実施例1の手順に従って、ポリ(5,11−ビス(4−オクチルフェニル)インドロ[3,2−b]カルバゾール)を半導体として使用したOTFTデバイスを組み立てて、特性解析を行った。W=5,000μm、L=90μmのサイズを有するトランジスタを用いると、少なくとも5個のトランジスタからの平均値として以下のような数値が得られた。
移動度:1.3〜1.8×10−3cm2/Vs
オンオフ比:104〜105
Claims (4)
- インドロカルバゾール残基を有する化合物を形成するための方法であって、
1種または複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール、反応媒体、およびカップリング剤を含む反応混合物を反応温度で反応させて、同一または互いに異なった、複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール残基を含む化合物を形成させる工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記カップリング剤が、FeCl3、FeBr3、Fe2(SO4)3、RuCl3、MoCl5、Na2S2O8、K2S2O8、K2Cr2O7、KMnO4、KBrO3、およびKClO3、またはそれらの混合物、からなる群より選択される酸化剤であることを特徴とする方法。 - インドロカルバゾール残基を有する化合物を形成するための方法であって、
1種または複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール、反応媒体、およびカップリング剤を含む反応混合物を反応温度で反応させて、同一または互いに異なった、複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾール残基を含む化合物を形成させる工程を含み、
ここで、前記1種または複数の任意に置換されたインドロカルバゾールが、それぞれ独立して、構造(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、(E)、(F)および(G)、またはそれらの混合物からなる群より選択され、
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)
ここで、(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれにおいて、Rはそれぞれ独立して、水素、炭化水素基およびヘテロ原子含有基からなる群より選択され、(A)〜(G)の構造のそれぞれは、場合によっては、ペリフェラルに置換されていることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項3に記載の方法であって、
前記カップリング剤が、FeCl3、FeBr3、Fe2(SO4)3、RuCl3、MoCl5、Na2S2O8、K2S2O8、K2Cr2O7、KMnO4、KBrO3、およびKClO3、またはそれらの混合物、からなる群より選択される酸化剤であることを特徴とする方法。
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- 2005-12-13 EP EP05257641A patent/EP1671998B1/en active Active
- 2005-12-14 JP JP2005359902A patent/JP5112628B2/ja active Active
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Cited By (13)
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US8062769B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2011-11-22 | Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd. | Indolocarbazole compound for use in organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent device |
JPWO2008056746A1 (ja) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-02-25 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子用化合物及び有機電界発光素子 |
KR100955993B1 (ko) | 2006-11-09 | 2010-05-04 | 신닛테츠가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 유기 전계 발광 소자용 화합물 및 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
WO2008056746A1 (fr) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd. | Composé pour un dispositif électroluminescent organique et dispositif électroluminescent organique |
US8729222B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2014-05-20 | Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. | Organic thin-film transistors |
JP2010123952A (ja) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-03 | Xerox Corp | 薄膜トランジスタおよび半導体組成物 |
JP2013528929A (ja) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-07-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 置換カルバゾール誘導体および有機エレクトロニクスにおけるその使用 |
WO2012132501A1 (ja) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 硬化性組成物、硬化物及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
WO2012132556A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子用重合体及びその硬化物を用いた有機電界発光素子 |
JP5796063B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2015-10-21 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子用重合体及びその硬化物を用いた有機電界発光素子 |
US9299934B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2016-03-29 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer for organic electroluminescent elements, and organic electroluminescent element using cured product of same |
WO2013088974A1 (ja) | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 硬化性組成物、硬化物及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
WO2022114065A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-02 | 日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル株式会社 | 撮像用の光電変換素子材料及び光電変換素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5112628B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
EP1671998A2 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
US20060128969A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
EP1671998A3 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
EP1671998B1 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
CA2529245C (en) | 2010-02-02 |
US7173140B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 |
CA2529245A1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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