JP2004528354A5 - - Google Patents
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- JP2004528354A5 JP2004528354A5 JP2002585465A JP2002585465A JP2004528354A5 JP 2004528354 A5 JP2004528354 A5 JP 2004528354A5 JP 2002585465 A JP2002585465 A JP 2002585465A JP 2002585465 A JP2002585465 A JP 2002585465A JP 2004528354 A5 JP2004528354 A5 JP 2004528354A5
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims 16
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims 15
- -1 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropylcarbonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 4
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 210000001331 Nose Anatomy 0.000 claims 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006590 (C2-C6) alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006272 (C3-C7) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Loratadine Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OCC)CCC1=C1C2=NC=CC=C2CCC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003088 Loratadine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- HNJJXZKZRAWDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methapyrilene Chemical group C=1C=CC=NC=1N(CCN(C)C)CC1=CC=CS1 HNJJXZKZRAWDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001869 Methapyrilene Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003928 Nasal Cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 206010039083 Rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000614 adrenergic beta-2 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002152 alkylating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 201000005794 allergic hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- YIYZHARUXWKUEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YIYZHARUXWKUEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006637 cyclobutyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006639 cyclohexyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006638 cyclopentyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006255 cyclopropyl carbonyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 200000000018 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002357 osmotic agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008249 pharmaceutical aerosol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 Lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutic aid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
スプレー組成物は、例えば、水性液剤もしくは懸濁剤として、または適切な液化噴射剤を使用して定量噴霧式吸入器などの加圧容器から送達されるエアロゾルとして製剤化される。吸入に適したエアロゾル組成物は懸濁剤または液剤であり、通常、式(I)で表される化合物と、フルオロカーボンもしくは含水素クロロフルオロカーボンまたはその混合物、特に、ヒドロフルオロアルカン、特に1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロエタン、1,1,1,2,3,3,3‐ヘプタフルオロ-n-プロパンまたはその混合物などの適切な噴射剤とを含有している。エアロゾル組成物は、場合により、界面活性剤(例えば、オレイン酸またはレシチン)および共溶媒(例えば、エタノール)などの当業界で公知の更なる製剤用賦形剤を含有していてもよい。一例としての製剤は、賦形剤非含有であって、式(I)で表される化合物(好ましくは、非溶媒和形態の)(場合により、他の治療上有効な成分と組み合わせた)と、1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロエタン、1,1,1,2,3,3,3‐ヘプタフルオロ-n-プロパン、およびその混合物から選択される噴射剤と、から実質的になる(例えば、からなる)ものである。別の製剤の例は、粒状の式(I)で表される化合物と、1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロエタン、1,1,1,2,3,3,3‐ヘプタフルオロ-n-プロパン、およびその混合物から選択される噴射剤と、噴射剤に溶解可能な懸濁化剤(例えば、国際出願W094/21229に記載されているようなオリゴ乳酸またはその誘導体)とを含んでいる。好ましい噴射剤は1,1,1,2-テトラフルオロエタンである。一般に、加圧された製剤は、弁(例えば、定量弁)で閉じられ、マウスピースを備えたアクチュエーターに取り付けられる缶(例えば、アルミニウム缶)中に保持される。
Claims (40)
- R2がC3-8シクロアルキルまたはC3-8シクロアルケニルを表し、場合によっては、それらのいずれもが、メチル、メチレンおよびハロゲンから選択される1個または複数個の基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2がC3-6シクロアルキルを表し、場合によっては、1個または複数個のメチルおよび/または塩素基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- R1がフルオロメチル、クロロメチル、ブロモメチル、または2'-フルオロエチルを表す、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R1がフルオロメチルを表す、請求項4に記載の化合物。
- R3がメチルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R4およびR5が同一であるかまたは異なっており、かつ、それぞれが水素、フッ素または塩素を表す、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R4およびR5が同一であるかまたは異なっており、かつ、それぞれが水素またはフッ素を表す、請求項7に記載の化合物。
- R4およびR5がともにフッ素である、請求項8に記載の化合物。
- -----が、二重結合を表す、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 17α-(シクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
17α-(シクロペンチルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
17α-(シクロヘキシルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
17α-(シクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
またはそのいずれか1つの溶媒和物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(1-メチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(2,2,3,3-テトラメチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
17α-(2,2-ジクロロ-1-メチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
17α-(2,2-ジクロロシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(3-メチレンシクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(2-メチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
またはそのいずれか1つの溶媒和物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(1-メチルシクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル、またはその溶媒和物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 6α,9α-ジフルオロ-17α-(3,3-ジメチルシクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-17α-(3,3-ジフルオロシクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(1-メチルシクロペンチルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-3-オキソ-17α-(3-オキソシクロブチルカルボニル)オキシ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル;
またはそのいずれか1つの溶媒和物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(1-メチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステル、またはその溶媒和物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 獣医薬またはヒト用医薬における使用のための、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物。
- 炎症性および/またはアレルギー性疾患治療用の薬剤を製造するための、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物の使用。
- 鼻の炎症症状治療用の薬剤を製造するための、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物の使用。
- 鼻の炎症症状が鼻炎である、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 鼻の炎症症状が鼻茸である、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 式(I)で表される化合物またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物が局所投与用である、請求項18〜20のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物を、1種または複数種の生理学的に許容される希釈剤または担体と一緒に、所望の場合、混合して含んでなる、医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物を、鼻への局所投与用の1種または複数種の生理学的に許容される希釈剤または担体と混合して含んでなる、医薬組成物。
- 加圧ポンプによって鼻に投与される加圧エアロゾル製剤である、請求項23に記載の医薬組成物。
- 加圧ポンプによって鼻に投与される水性製剤である、請求項23に記載の医薬組成物。
- 非加圧式であり、鼻腔に局所投与されるように適合された製剤である、請求項23に記載の医薬組成物。
- 希釈剤または担体として水をさらに含む、請求項26に記載の医薬組成物。
- 緩衝剤および/または浸透圧調節剤をさらに含む、請求項27に記載の医薬組成物。
- 噴霧化により鼻に投与される水性製剤である、請求項23に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に定義したとおりの式(I)で表される化合物、またはその生理学的に許容される溶媒和物、および噴射剤としてのフルオロカーボンまたは含水素クロロフルオロカーボンを、場合によっては、界面活性剤および/または共溶媒と組み合わせて含んでなる、医薬エアロゾル製剤。
- さらに、他の治療上の活性剤を含んでなる、請求項22に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記他の治療上の活性剤がβ2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニストである、請求項31に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記β2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニストが、式(X):
nは3〜11の整数であり、但し、m+nは5〜19であり;
R11は-XSO2NR16R17
(式中、Xは-(CH2)p-またはC2-6アルケニレンであり;
R16およびR17は、独立して、水素、C1-6アルキル、C3-7シクロアルキル、C(O)NR18R19、フェニル、およびフェニル(C1-4アルキル)-から選択されるか、あるいは、R16およびR17は、それらが結合する窒素と互いに一緒になって5、6または7員含窒素環を形成し、かつ、R16およびR17は、場合によっては、ハロゲン、C1-6アルキル、C1-6ハロアルキル、C1-6アルコキシ、水酸基置換C1-6アルコキシ、-CO2R18、-SO2NR18R19、-CONR18R19、-NR18C(O)R19、または5、6もしくは7員複素環から選択される1個または2個の基でそれぞれ置換されていてもよく;
R18およびR19は、独立して、水素、C1-6アルキル、C3-6シクロアルキル、フェニル、およびフェニル(C1-4アルキル)-から選択され;
pは0〜6、好ましくは0〜4の整数である)
であり;
R12およびR13は、独立して、水素、C1-6アルキル、C1-6アルコキシ、ハロゲン、フェニル、およびC1-6ハロアルキルから選択され;
R14およびR15は、独立して、水素およびC1-4アルキルから選択され、但し、R14およびR15中の炭素原子数の合計が4以下である]
で表される化合物、またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物である、請求項32に記載の医薬組成物。 - 式(X)で表される化合物が、3-(4-{[6-({(2R)-2-ヒドロキシ-2-[4-ヒドロキシ-3-(ヒドロキシメチル)フェニル]エチル}アミノ)-ヘキシル]オキシ}ブチル)ベンゼンスルホンアミド、またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物である、請求項33に記載の医薬組成物。
- 他の治療上の活性剤が抗ヒスタミンである、請求項31に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗ヒスタミンがメタピリレンまたはロラタジンである、請求項35に記載の医薬組成物。
- 式(I)で表される化合物が、6α,9α-ジフルオロ-11β-ヒドロキシ-16α-メチル-17α-(1-メチルシクロプロピルカルボニル)オキシ-3-オキソ-アンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-17β-カルボチオ酸S-フルオロメチルエステルである、請求項35または36に記載の医薬組成物。
- アルキル化を、式(II)で表される化合物と適当なハロゲン化アルキルまたはハロゲン化ハロアルキルとを反応させることによって行なう、請求項38に記載の方法。
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TW202140550A (zh) | 2020-01-29 | 2021-11-01 | 瑞士商諾華公司 | 使用抗tslp抗體治療炎性或阻塞性氣道疾病之方法 |
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-
2002
- 2002-04-30 AU AU2002253342A patent/AU2002253342B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2002-04-30 AT AT02722463T patent/ATE411334T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-30 US US10/478,893 patent/US7291608B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2002-04-30 DK DK02722463T patent/DK1383786T3/da active
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- 2002-04-30 DE DE60229372T patent/DE60229372D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-30 WO PCT/GB2002/001971 patent/WO2002088167A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-30 KR KR1020037014199A patent/KR100831534B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-30 CA CA002445839A patent/CA2445839A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2002-04-30 AR ARP020101587A patent/AR033290A1/es unknown
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- 2002-04-30 JP JP2002585465A patent/JP4446661B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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