JP2002508054A - 天然ガスの改良液化方法 - Google Patents
天然ガスの改良液化方法Info
- Publication number
- JP2002508054A JP2002508054A JP50482499A JP50482499A JP2002508054A JP 2002508054 A JP2002508054 A JP 2002508054A JP 50482499 A JP50482499 A JP 50482499A JP 50482499 A JP50482499 A JP 50482499A JP 2002508054 A JP2002508054 A JP 2002508054A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- gas
- phase
- cooling
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003918 fraction a Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000012287 Prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0247—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 4 carbon atoms or more
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2265/035—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with subcooling the liquid phase
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- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/66—Butane or mixed butanes
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- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
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- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
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- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
- F25J2260/02—Integration in an installation for exchanging heat, e.g. for waste heat recovery
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- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.次の各工程: (a) メタンリッチのガス流を約3103kPa(450pasi)より高い圧力で供給すること ; (b) このガス流を低圧に膨張させてガス相と液体生成物を生成させること、こ の液体生成物が約-112℃(-170°F)より高い温度と、液体生成物がその 泡立ち点以下で存在するに十分な圧力とを有すること; (c) ガス相と液相を相分離させること;および (d) 得られた液体生成物を貯蔵用の貯蔵手段に約-112℃(-170°F)より高い 温度で装入すること; を含むことを特徴とするメタンリッチガス流の液化方法。 2.ガス流を工程(b)の前に冷却することをさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。 3.ガス流を、クローズドループ冷凍システムにより冷却した熱交換器内で冷却 することをさらに含む請求項2記載の方法。 4.クローズドループ冷凍システムが主要冷凍剤としてプロパンを含む請求項3 記載の方法。 5.クローズドループ冷凍システムが主要冷凍剤として二酸化炭素を含む請求項 3記載の方法。 6.ガス流を、請求項1の工程(c)ガス相との熱交換関係によって冷却し、それ によってガス相を温める工程をさらに含む請求項2記載の方法。 7.温めたガス相を圧縮し、圧縮ガス相を冷却し、冷却圧縮ガス相を請求項1の 工程(a)のガス流に戻すことをさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。 8.請求項6の冷却工程前に、ガス流を、クローズドループ冷凍システムにより 冷却した熱交換器内で冷却することをさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。 9.ガス流の液化前に、液化天然ガスの蒸発からのボイルオフガスをガス流と混 合させることをさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。 10.ガス流がメタンとメタンより重質の炭化水素成分とを含み、この重質炭化 水素の主要部分を分留により除去してメタンリッチの蒸気流と重質炭化水素 リッチの液体流とを生成させ、次いで、蒸気流を請求項1の工程(b)に よる膨張によって液化させることをさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。 11.ガス流の分留前に、ガス流を冷却することをさらに含む請求項10記載の方 法。 12.ガス流の液化をクローズドループ冷凍システムなしで行う請求項1記載の 方法。 13.メタンリッチで且つ約3103kpa(450psia)より高い圧力を有するガス流の液 化方法において、下記の各工程: (a) 上記ガス流を第1のガス流と第1の液体流に相分離させること; (b) 第1液体流を脱メタン器カラムに通すこと; (c) 第1ガス流を圧縮し冷却し、それによってガス相と液体相を生成させる こと; (d) 工程(c)のガス相と液体相を相分離させて、第2のガス流と第2の液体 流を生成させること; (e) 第2ガス流の少なくとも1部をより低圧に膨張させ、それによって第2 ガス流をさらに冷却すること; (f) 第2液体流と膨張させた第2ガス流を脱メタン器カラムに供給すること ; (g) 脱メタン器カラムの上部部分から第3ガス流を取出すこと、第3ガス流 は主としてメタンを含むこと、第3ガス流を熱交換器に通して第3ガス 流を温めること; (h) 脱メタン器から第3液体流を取出し、第3液体流を、少なくとも1つの 分留カラムを有しさらに少なくとも1つのオーバーヘッド蒸気流を有す る分留システムに通すこと; (i) 工程(g)の温めた第3ガス流と工程(h)のオーバーヘッド蒸気流を混合し 、得られた混合流を圧縮すること; (j) 圧縮混合流を冷却すること; (k) 工程(j)の冷却圧縮流を第1冷却流と第2冷却流に分割し、第1冷却流 を工程(g)の熱交換器に通して第1冷却流をさらに冷却すること; (l) 第1冷却流を膨張させてガス相と液体層を生成させること; (m) 工程(l)のガス相と液体相を相分離器内で相分離させ、それによってメ タンリッチ液化天然ガスを、約-112℃(-170°F)より高い温度および このメタンリッチ液化天然ガスが泡立ち点以下で存在するに十分な圧力 で生成させること; (n) 工程(k)の第2冷却流をより低圧に膨張させ、それによって第2冷却流 をさらに冷却し、ガス相と液体相を生成させること; (o) 工程(n)で生成させたガス相と液体相を相分離させること;および (p) 工程(o)の液体相を工程(m)の相分離器に通すこと; を含むことを特徴とする上記液化方法。 14.工程(o)のガス相を工程(g)の第3ガス流と混合し、混合ガス流を工程(g) の熱交換器に通すことをさらに含む請求項13記載の方法。 15.工程(m)のガス相を工程(g)の第3ガス流と混合し、混合ガス流を工程(g) の熱交換器に通すことをさらに含む請求項13記載の方法。 16.工程(j)の冷却を、クローズドループ冷凍システムからの冷凍剤による間 接熱交換によって行う請求項14記載の方法。 17.クローズドループ冷凍システムが主要冷凍剤としてプロパンを含み、工程 (h)の分留システムがプロパンリッチのオーバーヘッド流ガスを生成する脱 プロパン器を含み、さらに、構成冷凍剤としての上記分留システムからのプ ロパンリッチ流ガスを上記クローズドループ冷凍システムに通すことを含む 請求項16記載の方法。 18.工程(h)の第3ガス流に、液化天然ガスの蒸発からのボイルオフガスを導 入し、混合させた第3ガス流とボイルオフガスを工程(g)の熱交換器に通す ことをさらに含む請求項14記載の方法。 19.下記の各工程: (a) メタンリッチのガス流を3103kPa(450psia)より高い圧力に圧縮すること ; (b) 上記ガス流を第1のガス流と第1の液体流に相分離させること; (c) 第1液体流を脱メタン器カラムに通すこと; (d) 第1ガス流を、クローズドループ冷凍システムを使用しないで圧縮し 冷却し、それによってガス相と液体相を生成させること; (e) 工程(d)のガス相と液体相を相分離させて、第2のガス流と第2の液体 流を生成させること; (f) 第2ガス流の少なくとも1部をより低圧に膨張させ、それによって第2 ガス流をさらに冷却すること; (g) 第2液体流と膨張させた第2ガス流を脱メタン器カラムに供給すること ; (h) 脱メタン器カラムの上部領域から蒸気流を取出すこと、この蒸気流は主 としてメタンを含むこと、この蒸気流を熱交換器に通してこの蒸気流を 温めること; (i) 脱メタン器から液体流を取出し、この液体流を、少なくとも1つの分留 カラムを有しさらに少なくとも1つのオーバーヘッド蒸気流を有する分 留システムに通すこと; (j) 工程(h)の温めた蒸気流と工程(i)のオーバーヘッド蒸気流を混合し、得 られた混合流を圧縮すること; (k) 工程(j)の圧縮混合流を、クローズドループ冷凍システムを使用しない で冷却すること; (l) 工程(k)の冷却圧縮流を第1冷却流と第2冷却流に分割し、第1冷却流 を工程(h)の熱交換器に通して第1冷却流をさらに冷却すること; (m) 第1冷却流を膨張させてガス相と液体相を生成させること; (n) 工程(m)のガス相と液体相を相分離器内で相分離させ、それによってメ タンリッチ液化天然ガスを生成させること、このメタンリッチ液化天然 ガスが約-112℃(-170°F)より高い温度と、このメタンリッチ液化天 然ガスが泡立ち点以下で存在するに十分な圧力とを有すること; (o) 工程(l)の第2冷却流をより低圧に膨張させ、それによって第2冷却流 をさらに冷却し、ガス相と液体相生成させること; (p) 工程(o)のガス相と液体相を相分離させること;および (q) 工程(o)の液体相を工程(n)の相分離器に通すこと; を含むことを特徴とするメタンリッチのガス流の液化方法。 20.工程(h)の蒸気流に、液化天然ガスの蒸発からのボイルオフガスを導入し 、混合させた工程(h)の蒸気流とボイルオフガスを工程(h)の熱交換器に通す ことをさらに含む請求項19記載の方法。 21.工程(n)のガス相を工程(h)の蒸気残留物と混合させ、得られた混合ガス流 を工程(h)の熱交換器に通すことを含む請求項19記載の方法。 22.工程(d)におけるガス流温度の冷却低下を水または空気によって行う請求 項19記載の方法。
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US60/079,612 | 1998-03-27 | ||
PCT/US1998/012742 WO1998059205A2 (en) | 1997-06-20 | 1998-06-18 | Improved process for liquefaction of natural gas |
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