EP4208670A1 - Beleuchtungseinheit mit einer zentriereinrichtung für einen lichtleiter - Google Patents
Beleuchtungseinheit mit einer zentriereinrichtung für einen lichtleiterInfo
- Publication number
- EP4208670A1 EP4208670A1 EP21769050.2A EP21769050A EP4208670A1 EP 4208670 A1 EP4208670 A1 EP 4208670A1 EP 21769050 A EP21769050 A EP 21769050A EP 4208670 A1 EP4208670 A1 EP 4208670A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light guide
- light
- centering
- display
- receiving housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
- G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
- G02B6/0088—Positioning aspects of the light guide or other optical sheets in the package
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
- G02F1/133317—Intermediate frames, e.g. between backlight housing and front frame
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
- G02F1/133322—Mechanical guidance or alignment of LCD panel support components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/46—Fixing elements
- G02F2201/465—Snap -fit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lighting unit with a centering device for a light guide, which is particularly suitable for backlighting a liquid crystal display, also known as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
- a lighting unit is often also referred to by the English term backlight or backlight unit.
- Light-guiding components in the backlight of LC display devices must be positioned exactly to the light source in the housing due to the optical performance.
- the positioning is usually carried out by applying a centering force in the length and width direction.
- the centering force is usually generated by the deformation of an elastic component in the edge areas of the light guide.
- a hold-down is necessary above all when the light-guiding components are not fixed in the receiving housing by means of a material-locking or friction-locking connection.
- a lighting unit is known from CN 101539682 A and TW 2016 34 987 A, in which a light guide is centered by means of support on resilient elements.
- the light guide is prestressed in its width direction by at least one clamp arranged on one of its longitudinal sides.
- the long side is the longer of its two sides, both of which are substantially greater than its thickness.
- the width direction is the direction parallel to the other, shorter of the two sides of the light guide.
- the light guide is centered in its longitudinal direction by means of a centering element in the receiving housing.
- the display element extends by more than 50% in the longitudinal direction than in the width direction perpendicular thereto.
- the extension in the longitudinal direction is greater by more than a factor of two in the width direction.
- the proposed centering of the light guide enables expansion compensation in the longitudinal direction with almost no change in the position of the light guide relative to the display element in the central area and only a small change in position in the outer area, viewed in the longitudinal direction.
- the proposed centering also makes it possible, by suitably selecting the dimensions, of a recess in the light guide into which the centering element intervenes, also an expansion compensation in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the centner element advantageously has a hold-down device.
- a hold-down device This is, for example, a clamp gripping the surface of the light guide, a complementary bevel resting against a sloping surface of a recess in the light guide, a projection engaging in a recess in the light guide, or has another suitable design.
- a hold-down device according to the invention allows the light guide to be held in the direction perpendicular to its large surface without the need for additional components.
- the light guide is advantageously centered on the outside in its width direction by means of shape-changing elements in the receiving housing.
- An elastomer element for example, or a spring element or a similar element that yields when force is exerted, but at the same time exerts a counterforce, is provided as the element that can change shape.
- One advantage of this solution is that separate components are provided for the centering function in the lengthwise and widthwise directions, which can thus be optimized for different requirements in each case.
- the centering element consists of highly reflective material. This has the advantage of minimizing optical losses at the interfaces between the light guide and the centner unit, since such a centner element reflects light impinging on corresponding interfaces back into the light guide.
- the light guide is prestressed in its longitudinal direction by at least one further clamp that is arranged in each case.
- FIG.1 Schematic structure of an LCD panel
- Fig.5 Basic principle for centering the light guide in the receiving housing
- LCD displays play a large part in this because they are thin, light and have good optical properties. Due to their high functional reliability in difficult environmental conditions and long service life, they are the standard in the automotive sector.
- the present invention relates to a combination of these two development trends.
- large-format displays for example large-format flat displays or large-format curved displays
- the so-called curved displays there are special challenges for the components.
- the so-called "backlight”, which creates the backlighting of the device, is affected to a large extent as an integral part of every LC display.
- the backlight as a sub-assembly consists of several components that have to fulfill optical and mechanical functions in equal measure. On the mechanical side, issues such as manufacturing tolerances and thermal influences are particularly important.
- the invention relates to a backlight with which the applicable requirements for displays in the automotive sector can be met.
- TFT-LCDs Thin film transistor - Liquid Chrystal Displays
- in-cell touch Wide range of applications in terms of resolution, size and aspect ratio Capacitive touch technology (“in-cell touch”) that can be integrated Long service life
- TFT-LCDs are still the standard in the automotive sector, although OLED displays are also to be used in future models].
- the automotive environment places high demands on the functional reliability of the displays, with TFT-LCDs being superior to OLED displays, especially in terms of service life.
- Curved technology which was originally associated with displays from the consumer sector (PC monitors, TVs, etc.), is currently also finding its way into the automotive sector. The advantages of curved displays compared to conventional flat panel displays can also be used here.
- curved display opens up new possibilities for integrating the display into the vehicle interior.
- a third dimension is thus available for the design. Curved shapes are judged to be more beautiful from an aesthetic point of view. The vehicle manufacturers therefore see the design aspect as particularly advantageous.
- curved displays offer the advantage that they are easier for the driver to reach.
- Curved LC display instruments currently consist mostly of several smaller displays arranged side by side behind a continuous curved cover glass. Due to the technical context, the implementation of a single large-format curved display using TFT-LCD technology in the vehicle is a major development challenge.
- a TFT-LCD consists of several components that are arranged in a kind of sandwich structure to create the image.
- Two upper assemblies can be distinguished: the so-called bonding assembly and the backlight.
- the components of a display unit and the assembly processes up to the finished device are considered in the following section.
- the display panel is the imaging element of an LCD.
- the electro-optical properties of liquid crystals are used in the panel to generate an image from the coupled light.
- the image generated consists of individual pixels, i.e. cells that create the picture elements.
- Each pixel in turn consists of three sub-pixels, with which the complementary colors, e.g. red, green and blue.
- the basic principle of an LCD panel is shown in Fig.1:
- a polarizing filter for example, consists of a foil into which the finest parallel lines have been worked. Only light with a polarization corresponding to this preferred direction can penetrate this film. Other directions of polarization are blocked.
- liquid crystals 101 are substances that have the anisotropic properties of crystals even in the liquid state.
- the liquid crystals 101 are between two
- Glasplattenl 10,120 on which transparent electrodes 112,122 are applied, which are rotated by 90 ° to each other and thus form rows and columns. Furthermore, the glasses are provided with an alignment layer 114, 124, which has microgrooves, for example, which bring about an alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in accordance with the preferred direction of the polarizing filters P1, P2. The elongated molecules of the liquid crystals 101 align themselves parallel to these grooves. Since the microgrooves of the upper and lower glass substrates 110, 120 are rotated by 90°, a helical structure is formed from the liquid crystal molecules.
- the direction of polarization of the incident light 100 is also rotated by the helical structure and the light can also pass through the second polarizing filter P2.
- the cell appears bright. If a certain threshold voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal molecules align themselves perpendicular to the electrodes 112, 122 and no longer influence the polarization of the incident light 100. Due to the polarization filters P1, P2 oriented perpendicularly to one another, incident light 100 is now completely blocked by the second polarization filter P2 and the cell appears dark.
- a color filter F1 consisting of red color filter elements F1 R, green color filter elements F1 G, and blue color filter elements F1 B, ensures that only a specific color component of the coupled-in white light 100 appears on the pixel.
- TFT Transmission Nemantic
- M/A Multi-Domain-Vertical-Alignment
- FIG. 2 contains an overview of the various LC technologies.
- the technology is specified in line Z1, and a functional diagram in line Z2.
- the contrast that can be achieved with the corresponding technology is specified in line Z3.
- the viewing angle stability (color and contrast) is indicated as low with "+”, as medium with "++” or very good with "+++”.
- the response time in milliseconds is specified in line Z5.
- An electric field E is applied in the respective right-hand part of the functional diagrams of line Z2, which is indicated by an arrow.
- the pixels can be controlled in two different ways. 3 shows an active matrix control on the left and a passive matrix control on the right.
- the pixels 300 are driven via the previously mentioned electrode strips 112, 122, which are rotated through 90° relative to one another and are shown here as column electrodes 3112 and as row electrodes 3122.
- a cross matrix results for the entire display, with which each cell can be controlled individually via logic circuits.
- the disadvantage is that other cells along the column and the row are also influenced by charging effects, as a result of which gray levels can be represented less clearly. Therefore, active matrix displays are mostly used today.
- the pixels are driven via thin film transistors TFT instead of directly via the row and column electrodes.
- the pixels are like that better isolated from each other and charging effects from surrounding pixels can be avoided.
- the pixel electrodes 312 on one glass substrate interact with a flat electrode 322 on the other glass substrate.
- the thin film transistors TFT are driven by signal electrodes 311 and control electrodes 313 .
- the area of the panel that has controllable pixels is called the "active area" of the panel.
- the glass substrate of the panel protrudes a few millimeters beyond the active area because, for example, the driver circuits for the thin-film transistors and the connection to the display electronics are located there.
- the protruding area is referred to as "dead space”.
- the display drivers are on the panel itself and are connected to the rest of the display electronics with a flexible printed circuit board (FPC).
- the panel is connected to a cover glass with which a touch function can also be implemented.
- the cover glass is also referred to as a touch panel. The connection process is explained below.
- the LCD panel In the so-called bonding process, the LCD panel is connected to a cover glass. In order to avoid reflections of ambient light, which occur in the air gap between cover glass and panel at the boundary layers present there, so-called “optical bonding” takes place.
- a special optical adhesive is applied between the cover glass and the LC panel.
- the refractive index of the bonding compound is similar to the refractive index of the coverslip, so that reflection effects at the transitions are minimized. Dark areas on the panel also remain dark for the viewer and are not brightened by reflections from surrounding light sources. In this way, the desired contrast ratio is largely retained. Since liquid crystals themselves do not emit any light, all LCD displays require separate backlighting. This is called the "backlight”. 4 shows a schematic section through a display unit. This explains the structure of the backlight.
- the structure of the backlight of an LCD in a vehicle usually always has a similar structure.
- the light is generated by a series of light sources 401 and distributed over the surface of the display panel 404 by a light guide 402 and a reflector 403 . Before it passes through the display panel 404, the light properties are adjusted by a plurality of optical foils which are arranged one on top of the other in a foil stack 405. All of these components are housed in a storage case 400 .
- the totality of the components 400, 401, 402, 403, 405 represents the backlight.
- the backlight is an integral part of each LCD, there are also several interfaces to other components, such as the bonding assembly 410 with panel 404, bonding compound 406 and Cover glass 407 or the electronic circuit boards 411 (engl. Printable circuit boards or PCBs for short) for display control.
- the essential backlight components are presented in more detail below.
- the receiving housing 400 is the central component of the backlight. It usually consists of a stable material that contains metal and therefore has a different, usually lower, thermal expansion than plastic. Among other things, it contains magnesium or aluminum and is produced in the die-casting process for large displays, but it can also be an aluminum stamped and bent part, for example, or a metal-hybrid component. It acts as a housing for the optical components of the backlight and as an element that provides stability. It also serves as an attachment point for the electronic circuit boards 411 . In some cases, the connection to the instrument panel also takes place via the mounting housing 400. In the case of free-standing displays, design covers 413 can also be attached directly to the mounting housing 400. The receiving housing 400 must therefore fulfill many different sub-functions. Light source 401:
- the light source 401 consists of a row of LEDs which are soldered onto a circuit board which is partially flexible. If the light source 401 is oriented in the direction of the panel 404, the backlight is referred to as a “direct backlight”. In this case, a light guide is often not required, only a diffuser disc. In other cases, lenses are placed over the LEDs, which distribute the light homogeneously before it is scattered through the diffusion foil. However, this structure leads to an increased housing depth and is not shown here. It is therefore customary in the automotive sector to arrange the light source 401 on one or more side surfaces of the receiving housing 400 and to distribute the emitted light by means of a light guide 402 . In this case, the backlight is called "Edge Light".
- the reflector 403 usually consists of a coated PET film, which is arranged between the light guide 402 and the receiving housing 400.
- the task of the reflector 403 is to “recycle” scattered light and feed it back into the optical system, for example directing it in the direction of the panel 404. This increases the optical efficiency.
- the light guide 402 distributes the light from the LED strip evenly over the active surface of the panel 404. It is made from transparent PMMA or PC using an injection molding process and has a special microstructure. A prism structure, not shown here, is located on the side of the LEDs, with which the light is coupled into the light guide 402 . On the reflector side, the light guide 402 also has microstructuring, not shown here. This consists of so-called "micro-lenses" that straighten the light and direct it towards the panel 404.
- Foil stack 405
- the film stack 405 consists of a series of optical films that affect the light properties before the light hits the display panel 404. After the light has passed through the light guide 402, it first hits a diffusion foil. This scatters the light and homogenizes it to prevent the microstructure of the light guide 402 from being visible. This is followed by a prism film that directs the light towards the center of the display. Such a prism film is also referred to as a "Brightness Enhancement Film” or BEF for short. As a rule, a reflective polarizing filter film (“dual brightness enhancement film” or DBEF for short) is then used, which is only permeable to light of the polarization direction required for the panel 404. Light polarized in a different way is reflected and hits the reflector 403 again until the direction of polarization is correct. The use of a DBEF is not absolutely necessary, but otherwise has to be compensated with additional LEDs.
- louver foil can also be used, which blocks light from certain angles. For example, reflections in the windshield can be avoided.
- louver film is "Advanced Light Control Film” or ALCF.
- ALCF Advanced Light Control Film
- additional light sources must also be provided due to a 25 percent loss of luminance.
- the retainer 408 serves to prevent the foils of the foil stack 405 and the light guide 402 from falling out. It is often a stamped sheet metal part, which is usually connected to the receiving housing 400 via a double-sided adhesive tape 409 .
- the retainer 408 can also be a stamped or injection-molded plastic part, for example.
- On the panel side the cover glass 407 with the bonded panel 404 is attached to the retainer 408 with the aid of an adhesive, for example a liquid adhesive 412 . With this structure and the use of these flexible materials, flatness tolerances of cover glass 407 and backlight can be compensated. This prevents stresses from being caused in the display panel 404, which lead to image inhomogeneities.
- the components of the backlight are mounted.
- the backlight assembly 420 and the previously manufactured bonding assembly 410 are then connected to form what is known as the display closing assembly. This is usually done with a liquid adhesive 412 that is applied to the retainer 408 before the bonding assembly 410 is placed. Up to this point, care must be taken to ensure that no dirt particles are trapped in the device, as these can lead to optical defects. Humidity and ambient temperature must also be taken into account. For this reason, these process steps take place under clean room conditions.
- the PCBs 411 are attached to the receiving housing 400 and further cover elements, for example the design cover 413, or components for connection to the instrument panel in the vehicle are attached.
- cover elements for example the design cover 413, or components for connection to the instrument panel in the vehicle are attached.
- One of these components is, for example, a flexible printed circuit board 414 that leads to the display panel 404 .
- the display unit is thus ready for delivery.
- One task is to develop a backlight concept based on previous flat panel technology, which can be used in large curved display units, also known as curved displays, with different dimensions.
- the centering of the light guide 402 in the accommodating housing 400 requires increased attention.
- the accommodating housing 400 virtually produces a mechanical connection between the LED strip and the light guide 402 that is subject to tolerances.
- a large thermal expansion occurs.
- Sufficient space must be provided around the light guide 402 to accommodate the expansion.
- the temperature application range is said to be from -40°C to 85°C, there is a contraction of the same magnitude at the cryogenic temperature. Despite this large thermal expansion and the vibrations that occur during operation, the precise positioning of the light guide 402 must be ensured.
- the interface between the reflector 403 and the light guide 402 is also critical.
- the background is that the use of a reflector 403 made of film material can only be used to a limited extent on curved displays. Simply folding the film up to cover the side surfaces of the light guide 402 would result in compression at the curved upper side and thus in the film curling up. In addition, there would be a risk on the side surfaces that the film would lay flat again when installed. Because of the aforementioned thermal expansion of the light guide 402, a large amount of space must be provided laterally in the receiving housing 400. A folded reflector film is "free" in this area, so that the fold can deviate from a 90° angle. In this case, the reflectivity and thus the optical performance of the device would be reduced.
- Another crucial interface is between the light guide 402 and the optical foils 405 and between the optical foils 405 and the retainer 408. This involves holding down the light guide 402 and the optical foils 405.
- the foils 405 can detach from the light guide 402 lead to optical imperfections and undesirable rattling noises. the However, the hold-down must also be designed in such a way that thermal expansion does not cause any swelling, which in turn would cause optical disturbances.
- the light guide 402 can exert forces on the retainer 408 due to manufacturing tolerances and distortion in the direction of the curve. These forces must be absorbed and must not lead to a positional deviation between the light guide 402 and the LED strip in the edge areas. Aspects of the invention are based on the optimization of said interfaces.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the underlying operating principle for centering the light guide 402 in the receiving housing 400.
- the light guide 402 is shown in normal expansion and the light guide 402' with thermal expansion.
- Centner forces FY , Fz are indicated by dashed arrows, a fixed stop by arrow 501 .
- a double arrow 502 indicates the fixation of the main z axis of the light guide 402 in the receiving housing 400 .
- the light source 401 is arranged on the longer of the two narrow sides of the light guide 402 .
- the critical dimension MK in the z-direction between the light source 401 and the light guide 402, 402' should be maintained as precisely as possible under all operating conditions.
- a fixed stop 501 is provided on the underside of the light guide 402, 402'.
- the light guide 402, 402' is permanently pressed against this stop 501 by a force Fz in the negative z-direction.
- Fz force in the negative z-direction.
- the point of application of the force can be shifted in the z-direction.
- a thermal expansion also takes place in the y-direction, which is even greater than in the z-direction.
- it can be fixed in its main axis.
- a symmetrical centering force FY can be applied to the left and right side surfaces.
- the point of force application is designed to be displaceable in the y-direction. In any case If the centering forces FY, Fz exceed the external forces during operation, in order to prevent rattling noises or the light guide 402, 402' from slipping.
- the centner force Fz is applied in the z-direction by rubber elements 610 as elements 61 that change shape.
- the centering in the y-direction is taken over by a plastic element 620 installed in the middle on the upper side of the light guide 402 and hot-calked as a centering element.
- the plastic element 620 can also be attached in some other way. At this point there is also the possibility of implementing a hold-down function for the light guide 402 .
- Light source 410 is shown below, outside of the area shown.
- the light guide 402 is arranged in the receiving housing 400 .
- FIG. 7 shows detailed views of the variant shown in FIG. Top left is a top view of the rubber element 610, as an example of a shape-changing element 61. Below that is a sectional view in a plane parallel to the dashed line shown in FIG. 6, which runs through the rubber element 610. It can be seen that the rubber element 610 is compressed by the light guide 402 in the area in which it is in contact with it. The force exerted by the rubber element 610 on the light guide 402 serves to center it in the z-direction. Shown at the top right is a plan view of the centering element 62 designed as a plastic element 620. Below this is a sectional view in a plane corresponding to the dashed line in FIG.
- the centering in the y-direction takes place via the centrally attached plastic element 620, which is arranged in a recess 4021 of the light guide 402, which is thus fixed in the y-direction. This can be seen at the top right.
- the hold-down function cannot be seen in this sectional view.
- the plastic element 620 has a hollow box 621 which is open in a first direction and whose walls 622, 6232 and floor 625 enclose a cavity 624 which is open on one side.
- a web 626 which is arranged in a recess 4001 of the receiving housing 400 and is hot-swaged with this, adjoins the bottom 625 in the opposite direction to the first direction.
- the web 626 can also riveted, screwed or otherwise attached.
- a caulking head 627 which overhangs the recess 4001 can be seen.
- the ridge 626 may be configured as a round post or as an elongated cross-section wall of any other suitable shape.
- FIG. 16 shows a further detailed view of FIG.
- the plastic element 620 is shown here in a sectional view rotated by 90° with respect to FIG.
- the light guide 402 which has a recess 4021 with an oblique undercut 4022, can be seen in the upper area.
- a correspondingly sloping side wall 623 of the plastic element 620 bears against the slope of the undercut 4022 . This provides for the hold down of the light guide 402 by the plastic member 620 which is heat staked, riveted, screwed or otherwise secured to the receptacle housing 400 at its two depending legs 6261 .
- the advantages of the solution shown here include the decoupling of the functions, which enables a simplified component structure. Furthermore, expansion compensation is made possible by the central centering. This also enables foil centering and hold-down. A further advantage is that the opening in the die cast 400, the receiving housing, required for the attachment of the plastic element 620 is closed directly by means of the heat caulking during manufacture.
- 8-12 show alternative variants for centering the light guide 402 in the receiving housing 400.
- 8 shows centering via a plastic clip 630 which is connected to the receiving housing 400, for example by hot caulking, riveting or screwing.
- the plastic clip 630 protrudes in an end area 631 over the light guide 402 and exerts a hold-down force on it.
- a plurality of such plastic clips 630 are arranged in a distributed manner. For example, the centner function occurs as previously indicated. Due to the centering, expansion compensation is also possible here. Also a centering and Hold down is enabled here.
- the required opening 4001 in the receiving housing 400 is closed directly during manufacture.
- FIG. 9 also shows centering in the middle.
- round rubber buffers 611 are used, which are screwed and crimped to the receiving housing 400.
- several rubber buffers 611 can be provided, which apply the necessary centering force. Due to the centering, expansion compensation is also possible here.
- the light guide 402 can also be held down here by protruding into a partial recess 4023 of the light guide 402 .
- Rubber buffers 611 are also provided here. In contrast to the previous variant, they are only in lateral contact with the light guide 402 and do not exert any hold-down force on it. This allows them to be designed to center the foils. Due to the centering, expansion compensation is also possible here.
- a metal spring 640 is provided here, which in the variant shown rests with a base part 641 in a recess 4002 of the receiving housing 400, and with resilient end parts 642 in a recess in the light guide 4025.
- several springs 640 are provided in order to apply the necessary centner force. Due to the centering, expansion compensation is also possible here.
- the design as a metal spring 640 enables potentially high centner forces using a single metal spring 640 or alternatively using a few metal springs 640.
- FIG. 12 shows a further variant of centering in the middle.
- the central centering is achieved via metal clamps 650, which rust in the receiving housing 400.
- several metal clamps 650 are also provided here, which together apply the required centering force. Due to the centering, expansion compensation is also possible here.
- the shape of the metal clamps 650 makes it possible both to center the film and to hold down the light guide 402, and also to realize only one of these two additional functions. A number of functions are thus implemented in one component, which advantageously reduces the number of components.
- FIG. 13 shows in simplified form the operating principle for holding down the optical foils in the foil stack 405 and the light guide 402.
- the light guide 402 can be seen in the receiving housing 400.
- the foil stack 405 is shown separately for the sake of clarity, i.e. at a distance from the light guide 402.
- a deformation due to thermal expansion or due to buckling is indicated in the indicated wavy foil stack 405'.
- the direction of a hold down force FN and a frictional force FR are shown by dashed arrows.
- the foils In order to avoid optical disturbances caused by detachment of the foils in the foil stack 405, the foils must be held down on the light guide 402.
- the hold-down can take place via a material connection between the foils and the light guide 402 or the receiving housing 400 .
- the hold-down can be taken over by an additional component, which exerts a permanent hold-down force.
- this hold-down force should be sufficient to prevent the components from rattling.
- thermal expansion of the foils should be ensured at the same time in order to prevent the foils from buckling, as shown in the wavy foil stack 405′.
- the light guide 402 can have a distortion in the x-direction with regard to the radius of curvature. Due to the faster cooling of the melt in the corner areas, the solidified areas can no longer relieve the stresses through flow and are deformed. The amount of distortion depends on a large number of parameters during the injection molding process of the light guide 402. Consequently, depending on the magnitude of the distortion, the light guide 402 may exert a force on the hold-down element that must be absorbed. 14 shows a preferred variant for fixing optical films in the film stack 405 and light guide 402. The films are held down here by gluing 140 to the light guide 402.
- the light guide 402 is held down by means of fixing elements 141 arranged on the left and right. These are preferred heat staked in the Die Cast 400.
- the advantages of this variant include: There is no stress on the retainer 408 if the fiber optic cable is warped. A precise positioning of the light guide 402 in the edge area is made possible. A retainer 408 is only required at the top and bottom. Openings 4003 in the receiving housing 400 are closed directly during the heat caulking.
- Fig. 15 shows another preferred variant for fixing optical films in the film stack 405 and light guide 402.
- the films are held down here by gluing 140 to the light guide 402.
- the light guide 402 is held down by clamping using an element 150 provided for centering
- a flat design is enabled.
- a preferred variant is the one described with reference to FIG.
- the application of the centering force in the z-direction via elastomer elements means that a high level of functional reliability can be expected.
- this variant offers the advantage that the thermal expansion does not have to be absorbed by an external centering element.
- the light guide 402 can propagate unhindered in the y-direction through the centrally arranged centering element.
- FIG. 12 Another preferred variant is that described for FIG. 12, in which several clipped metal clips 650 apply the centering force.
- the variant described for FIG. 14 is preferred for holding down the foils and the light guide 402 .
- the light guide 402 is pressed against the receiving housing 400 on the sides by heat-staked additional elements 141 .
- the curvature of the light guide 402 can be adapted to the curvature of the receiving housing 400 by the additional hold-down devices.
- the curvature of the light guide 402 can then be designed in such a way that, despite any distortion, it always has a smaller radius of curvature than the receiving housing 400.
- the heat-calked additional components allow the light guide 402 to be positioned at the outer edges with greater accuracy in relation to the LEDs.
- the optical foils are preferably glued onto the light guide 402 . In this way, the foils can be fixed with high positional accuracy, while sufficient installation space can be provided to absorb their thermal expansion.
- centering the light guide 402 in the receiving housing 400 centering in the z-direction via elastomer elements 61, 610, 611 arranged on the outside and in the y-direction via a centrally arranged and hot-calked plastic element 620 with hold-down function.
- For fixing optical foils and light guides 402 holding down the foils by gluing 140 to the light guide 402 and holding down the light guide 402 by hot-calked fixing elements 141 in the edge areas.
- the centner function is taken over continuously by one or more clamps 651, which are connected to the receiving housing 400 by creating a form fit.
- a clamp 651 in the main axis of the light-guiding components such as light guide 402 or reflector 403 engages in a recess and is responsible for centering in the longitudinal direction. Further clamps 651 on the circumference of the light-guiding elements support the precise positioning in relation to the light source 401.
- the clamps 651 can be designed in such a way that a hold-down function (height direction) is also provided. In this way, a tolerance compensation between the receiving housing 400 and the light-guiding elements is made possible.
- the brackets 651 are similar to the metal brackets 650 described with reference to FIG. 12.
- the brackets 651 can also fulfill a reflective function. For this purpose, they can be provided with a highly reflective coating, for example, or be made of highly reflective material.
- the advantages are: fixing, centering and tolerance compensation of the light-guiding elements are combined as functions in one component, a small installation space requirement, good scalability with regard to the required centner force through the use of several clamps 651 as identical parts, and maintenance of the optical performance through the reflection function.
- the invention can be used in particular for displays of different sizes, flat and curved displays regardless of the value of the radius of curvature, and displays with multiple curvatures.
- the light guide 402 is arranged in a receiving housing 400 and is prestressed in its width direction by at least one clamp 651 arranged on one of its longitudinal sides.
- the light guide 402 is centered in its longitudinal direction in the receiving housing 400 by means of a centering element shown in detail A, the clamp 651 .
- the centering element consists of highly reflective material.
- the clamp 651 interacts with two centering projections 4024 of the light guide 402 and with centering projections 4034 of the reflector 403.
- the light guide 402 is prestressed in its longitudinal direction by two further clamps 65T arranged on the broad side.
- the two brackets are identical in the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
- the centering in the longitudinal direction takes place by means of a clip 632 shown in detail A.
- This is similar to the plastic clip 630 described for FIG. 8.
- the others The two clamps 632' are used to hold down the light guide 402 and the foils and to align them in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the clip 632 interacts with two centering projections 4024 of the light guide 402 .
- the two brackets 632, 632' are identical in the exemplary embodiment.
- ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene abs. absolutely
- F1 , F1R, F1G, F1 B color filters, red, yellow, green
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020211012 | 2020-09-01 | ||
| DE102020216019.8A DE102020216019A1 (de) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-16 | Beleuchtungseinheit mit einer Zentriereinrichtung für einen Lichtleiter |
| PCT/DE2021/200108 WO2022048714A1 (de) | 2020-09-01 | 2021-08-12 | Beleuchtungseinheit mit einer zentriereinrichtung für einen lichtleiter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4208670A1 true EP4208670A1 (de) | 2023-07-12 |
Family
ID=80221146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21769050.2A Pending EP4208670A1 (de) | 2020-09-01 | 2021-08-12 | Beleuchtungseinheit mit einer zentriereinrichtung für einen lichtleiter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12560753B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4208670A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116097160A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020216019A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022048714A1 (de) |
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2021
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- 2021-08-12 WO PCT/DE2021/200108 patent/WO2022048714A1/de not_active Ceased
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| US20140313773A1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Light guide plate fixing structure and a backlight module using the same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12560753B2 (en) | 2026-02-24 |
| US20230324734A1 (en) | 2023-10-12 |
| WO2022048714A1 (de) | 2022-03-10 |
| DE102020216019A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 |
| CN116097160A (zh) | 2023-05-09 |
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