Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
  • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
  • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
  • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
  • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
  • E01F15/06—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of cables, nettings or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
  • F16G11/00—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes
  • F16G11/12—Connections or attachments, e.g. turnbuckles, adapted for straining of cables, ropes, or wire

Definitions

• the invention relates to an energy absorption device according to claim 1, a support according to claim 11, a rope brake according to claim 21, a protective net sheeting according to claim 22 and a method according to claim 23.
• the object of the invention is in particular to provide a generic device with advantageous energy absorption properties, in particular impact energy absorption properties.
• the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claims 1, 11 and 22 to 24, while advantageous configurations and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
• An energy absorption device is used for the absorption and / or conversion of at least part of the impact energy that occurs when an impact body hits a protective netting, with at least one cable guide unit, which has at least one cable receiving area for receiving and / or guiding at least one cable, in particular steel cable of the protective net sheeting, and with at least one energy absorption element, which is arranged in the cable receiving area and which forms at least one friction surface for the at least one guided rope, the energy absorption element being provided when an impact occurs, for example, when the impact body hits generated in the protective net construction, force on the rope, which triggers a movement of the rope over the friction surface, targeted at least one, in particular a substantial, part of the energy generated by the force, in particular rope energy, through a substantial deformation of the friction surface and in particular one below the friction surface lying volume body of the energy absorption element, and / or by a substantial removal, in particular by a substantial machining, a substantial material rearrangement, a substantial deformation and / or a substantial res
• the energy absorption element is preferably provided to absorb at least 1%, preferably at least 2% of the impact energy through a substantial deformation of the friction surface and in particular a volume body lying below the friction surface, and / or through a substantial removal, in particular through a substantial machining, a substantial redistribution of material, to absorb a significant deformation and / or a significant reshaping of the friction surface and in particular of the energy absorption element, preferably a volume of the energy absorption element lying below the friction surface, at least as long as the impact energy is below one of the maximum impact energy provided for the protective netting.
• advantageous energy absorption properties in particular an advantageously high proportional absorption of the impact energy by the energy absorption device, can be achieved.
• an energy absorption device of particularly simple design and / or particularly easy to install for protective netting can be achieved.
• good energy absorption can advantageously be achieved, which at the same time ensures a reduced risk of rope damage.
• the impact energy can advantageously be converted at least partially into deformation energy and / or machining energy acting on the energy absorption element, in particular the friction surface.
• An energy absorption device is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a part of a protective netting system which is provided to absorb one, in particular a substantial, part of the impact energy and / or convert it into one or more other forms of energy in the event of a load.
• a "protective net construction” is intended to mean in particular a barrier with at least one protective net, in particular at least one safety net, for example a rockfall protection barrier, an avalanche protection barrier, a flang mudflow barrier, a debris flow barrier or also a motor sports protective fence, a ramming fence, for example to counter terrorism, or an explosion - and / or bullet protection are understood.
• the cable guide unit delimits the cable receiving area in particular at least on one side, preferably at least on two sides, preferably on at least three sides and particularly preferably on four sides.
• the rope is designed in particular as a steel rope or steel cable, which preferably comprises at least one steel wire made of high-strength steel and is preferably made entirely of high-strength steel.
• the rope is designed in particular as a support cable of the protective net construction, for example as a lower or mountain-side support cable and / or as an upper or valley-side support cable.
• the rope is preferably designed as a rope on which at the same time a protective net, for example a ring net or a square mesh net, is attached and / or suspended.
• the energy absorption element is in particular arranged in the rope receiving area in such a way that at least one side of the rope rests on a surface of the energy absorption element, in particular on a friction surface of the energy absorption element, in a state of rest and / or in a moving state.
• the energy absorption element preferably extends over a large part of a longitudinal extent, preferably over the entire longitudinal extent, of the cable receiving area.
• the longitudinal extension of the rope receiving area runs at least essentially parallel to a longitudinal extent of the rope within the rope receiving area.
• the surface of the energy absorption element, preferably the friction surface of the energy absorption element is provided to rub with the rope when the rope moves over the energy absorption element, preferably to substantially inhibit the movement of the rope.
• the friction surface is flat.
• the friction surface can also be designed to be corrugated.
• a coefficient of friction can advantageously be increased.
• the friction surface is designed to be at least essentially smooth.
• the friction surface can also be rough or structured. As a result, a coefficient of friction can advantageously be increased.
• a “substantial deformation” and / or a “substantial erosion” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a deformation, an erosion and / or a deformation which goes beyond a slight deformation or erosion, for example, which only produces scratch marks.
• a substantial deformation and / or a substantial ablation goes beyond a deformation and / or ablation affecting only one surface and / or a surface area of the energy absorption element.
• a substantial deformation and / or a substantial removal is considered a deformation of a material above a yield point of the Material, which is preferably plastic and / or irreversible, to be understood.
• a substantial deformation and / or substantial removal preferably goes beyond a simple deformation and / or removal of the surface and also includes a significant deformation and / or removal of the volume of the energy absorption element arranged below the friction surface.
• the substantial deformation and / or the substantial erosion preferably produces at least one notch in the energy absorption element, which, preferably measured from an original position of the friction surface, at at least one point of the energy absorption element, in particular after an impact body has been impacted with a maximum impact energy intended for the protective netting , has a depth of at least one tenth of a diameter of the rope, preferably of at least one eighth of the diameter of the rope, preferably of at least one fifth of the diameter of the rope and particularly preferably of at least one third of the diameter of the rope.
• the depth of the notch after the substantial deformation in particular after an impact body with a maximum impact energy intended for the protective net construction, is at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, and particularly preferably at least 7, at at least one point on the energy absorption element mm.
• the depth of the notch after the substantial deformation and / or removal, in particular after an impact body has been impacted with a maximum impact energy intended for the protective net construction is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 50% and at at least one point of the energy absorption element particularly preferably at least 70% of an, in particular average, material thickness of the energy absorption element.
• “Substantial machining” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, the removal of a substantial part of the energy absorption element at at least one point of the energy absorption element, for example removal of at least one material layer of 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 5 mm and particularly preferably at least 7 mm or from at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 50% and particularly preferably at least 70% of a material thickness of the energy absorption element at the at least one point of the energy absorption element.
• part of the material of the energy absorption element is rearranged, in particular by removal or scraping.
• the rearranged part is preferably at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, preferably at least 3% and particularly preferably at least 5% of the total material of the energy absorption element, in particular measured against a total volume of the energy absorption element.
• “Targeted deformation” and / or targeted removal should be understood to mean, in particular, deformation and / or removal of the friction surface and in particular of the energy absorption element, which is intended and / or desired with the background of energy conversion and energy transfer from the rope to the energy absorption element.
• the materials of the rope and of the energy absorption element, in particular in a region of the friction surface, are preferably selected in such a way that the rope produces the essential deformation and / or the essential removal of the energy absorption element, preferably without itself significant damage, removal and / or deformation, for example of a rope cross-section.
• the energy absorption element can be mounted interchangeably on the protective net sheeting, in particular on a support of the protective net sheeting.
• the energy absorption element can be dismantled from the protective netting, in particular the support of the protective netting, in a non-destructive manner.
• the energy absorption element has at least one mounting element which enables the energy absorption element to be detachably mounted on the protective net sheeting, in particular the support of the protective net sheeting.
• the energy absorption element be made of a material at least in one area of the friction surface, preferably completely a Mohs hardness of less than 4, preferably less than 3.5, is formed.
• Advantageous energy absorption properties can thereby be achieved. Deformation and / or removal can advantageously be concentrated on the energy absorption element, the rope remaining at least essentially undeformed, in particular if it is made of steel, preferably high-strength steel.
• the energy absorption element is formed at least in a region of the friction surface, preferably completely, from a material with a Mohs hardness less than the Mohs hardness of steel.
• the energy absorption element can be made from a plastic, for example rubber, carbon, aramid (Kevlar TM, Twaron TM, etc.) or corresponding fiber materials, from a ceramic, in particular a ceramic fiber material, a glass or glass fiber material, a mineral material (asbestos, etc.) or be formed from another natural product.
• the energy absorption element is formed at least to a large extent, preferably completely, from a metal, particularly preferably from a metal other than steel.
• the energy absorption element is made of a material that is also used as a friction agent for a brake lining in vehicle construction, such as, for example, semi-metallic or ceramic friction agents with a metal component (aluminum, steel, iron, copper, brass, etc.) and a graphite , a ceramic (fiber) and / or a filler component.
• a metal component aluminum, steel, iron, copper, brass, etc.
• a graphite a ceramic (fiber) and / or a filler component.
• the energy absorption element is formed at least in one area of the friction surface, preferably completely, from a material which is free from spark generation, in particular friction and / or impact spark generation, under friction with steel, in particular with the steel cable, a particularly high Security can be achieved. It is advantageous to prevent a fire from developing as a result of flying sparks. Protection nets are often installed in impassable areas in the wild, where fires can spread quickly and are difficult to extinguish. In particular if the energy absorbing element is made of one of steel different material is formed, sparks can be prevented in the event of friction with a steel cable, since so-called steel sparks, for example steel friction sparks or steel impact sparks, are generated in the case of steel-steel friction or when steel hitting one another.
• the energy absorption device have the rope guided in the rope guide unit, the energy absorption element being made of a material that is substantially different from the rope.
• Advantageous energy absorption properties can thereby be achieved. Deformation and / or removal can advantageously be concentrated on the energy absorption element, the rope remaining at least essentially undeformed.
• the rope guided in the rope receiving area is made of a significantly harder material than aluminum.
• the rope is made of a much harder material than the energy absorption element.
• a “significantly harder material” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a material with a Mohs hardness which is at least 0.5, preferably at least 1 and preferably at least 1.5 higher.
• the energy absorption element is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, preferably completely, at least in a region of the friction surface, advantageous energy absorption properties can be achieved, in particular if the cable is made as a steel cable. Spark formation in the event of a load can advantageously be effectively prevented. The risk of damage to the rope can advantageously be kept low. Material and / or manufacturing costs can advantageously be kept low. Alternatively, other metals or metal alloys are also conceivable, which in particular have a lower hardness than steel, for example copper or copper alloys.
• At least the energy absorption element be curved away from the cable receiving area in at least one edge area Has surface, in particular friction surface.
• a rope contact that deforms the energy absorption element can advantageously be ensured during an entire movement process of the rope in the event of a load. Effective energy absorption can advantageously be guaranteed.
• the energy absorption element preferably has in at least two, in particular opposite, preferably opposite edge areas in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving area, edge areas curved away from the cable receiving area.
• the energy absorption element is curved in the same direction, preferably at least essentially identically, in the two edge regions.
• the surface of the energy absorption element in the edge region is curved out of a plane of the friction surface by at least 30 °, preferably by at least 45 °, preferably by at least 60 ° and particularly preferably by at least 90 °.
• the energy absorption element is designed as a stamped and bent aluminum sheet part.
• the energy absorption element has an at least substantially constant material thickness.
• the energy absorption element can also be designed as a volume body, for example a milled part, and / or have varying material thicknesses.
• the energy absorption element, preferably at least the surface of the energy absorption element is at least essentially U-shaped.
• the surface of the energy absorption element can also be designed, for example, to be corrugated, in particular in the area of the friction surface.
• the energy absorption device has at least one second energy absorption element, which is embodied separately from the energy absorption element.
• the second energy absorption element is arranged in the cable receiving area.
• the second energy absorption element delimits the cable receiving area at least on one side, which is preferably different from the side on which the cable receiving area is bounded by the energy absorption element.
• the second energy absorption element has a friction surface.
• the rope rests against the friction surface of the second energy absorption element in the state of rest and / or in the case of load.
• the second energy absorption element is designed to be substantially different from the energy absorption element.
• the functionality of the second energy absorption element is at least essentially identical to the energy absorption element.
• the second energy absorption element when a force is exerted on the rope, which triggers a movement of the rope over the friction surface, the second energy absorption element is intended to selectively supply at least part of the energy generated by the force through a substantial deformation and / or a substantial removal of the friction surface absorb.
• the second energy absorption element has a different, preferably smaller, curvature of the surface in the edge region than the energy absorption element.
• the second energy absorption element have a friction surface which is at least substantially perpendicular to the friction surface of the energy absorption element.
• a particularly advantageous rope guidance of the rope, which is damped by the energy absorption device can be achieved.
• the second energy absorption element is arranged on the support of the protective net sheeting in such a way that the friction surface of the second energy absorption element is oriented perpendicular to the friction surface of the energy absorption element.
• the energy absorption device has at least a plurality of energy absorption elements, a plurality of second energy absorption elements and / or a plurality of further energy absorption elements, which in combination with one
• the impact of an impact body with a maximum impact energy provided for the protective netting absorb at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and preferably at least 20% of the, in particular maximum, impact energy.
• a particularly advantageous energy absorption of the impact energy can thereby be achieved.
• all energy absorption elements of a protective net construction in combination absorb at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and preferably at least 20% of the, in particular maximum, impact energy in the event of an impact of the impact body with the maximum impact energy provided for the protective net construction.
• At least one of the energy absorption elements, all energy absorption elements and / or the energy absorption device is designed to be free of movable, in particular freely movable and / or rotatable, components. Complexity can advantageously be reduced as a result.
• an energy absorption device that is particularly easy to install, easy to replace and easy to manufacture can be achieved.
• the energy absorption element and / or the energy absorption device is free of rollers and / or cardan joints.
• a support for protective netting with at least one support element, in particular designed as a support pillar, and with at least one energy absorption device having at least one energy absorption element, preferably the energy absorption element and / or the second energy absorption element, is proposed.
• advantageous energy absorption properties in particular an advantageously high proportional absorption of the impact energy by the energy absorption device, can be achieved.
• an energy absorption device of particularly simple design and / or particularly easy to install for protective netting can be achieved.
• good energy absorption can advantageously be achieved, which at the same time, a reduced risk of rope damage is guaranteed. In this way, a high level of security can advantageously be achieved and / or the risk of a system failure can be reduced.
• the protective netting has a plurality of at least essentially identical supports.
• the support element is provided to be anchored at one end, in particular a lower end, relative to the ground and / or a rock.
• the support element has mounting elements at the lower end for fastening the support element on a ground to a rock or on a concrete base or the like.
• the support has an anchoring element formed separately from the support element, in particular a support foot formed separately from the support element, which is connected to the support element, ie the support pillar, during assembly.
• the support element is formed from a steel.
• the energy absorption element and / or the second energy absorption element be arranged at an upper end of the support element and / or on a support head of the support element.
• advantageous energy absorption properties in particular an advantageously high proportional absorption of the impact energy by the energy absorption device, can be achieved.
• a particularly advantageous, damped guidance of a rope, in particular of the upper supporting rope of the protective net sheeting can be achieved.
• An “upper end” is to be understood in particular as an end which, in an assembled state of the support, points away from the ground or the rock and / or is furthest away from the ground or the rock.
• a “prop head” is to be understood in particular as an upper end surface of the prop and / or of the prop element.
• a surface, preferably the friction surface of the energy absorption element in the state mounted on the support is at least substantially perpendicular to the ground and / or the rock, preferably on a valley side Direction, curved away.
• the surface, preferably the friction surface, of the second energy absorption element in a state mounted on the support is curved away in the direction of the ground and / or the rock.
• the at least one energy absorption element or a further energy absorption element of the energy absorption device which is at least essentially identical in its functionality to the energy absorption element, is arranged at a lower end of the support element and / or on a support base of the support and / or the support element.
• advantageous energy absorption properties in particular an advantageously high proportional absorption of the impact energy by the energy absorption device, can be achieved.
• a particularly advantageous, damped guidance of a rope, in particular of the lower supporting rope of the protective net sheeting can be achieved.
• a “lower end” is to be understood in particular as an end which, in an assembled state of the support, points to the ground or the rock and / or is closest to the ground or the rock.
• a “support base” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a part of the support and / or the support element that rests on the ground on a rock or on the concrete base.
• the support base has assembly elements by means of which the support is anchored in the ground, concrete base and / or rock.
• a surface, preferably the friction surface of the further energy absorption element, in the state mounted on the support is curved away in a direction that is at least substantially perpendicular to the ground and / or the rock, in particular on the valley side.
• the further energy absorption element delimits a further cable receiving area arranged on the support foot at least on one side.
• the further energy absorption element has a friction surface.
• the rope rests on the in the state of rest and / or in the case of load Friction surface of the further energy absorption element.
• the further energy absorption element is at least essentially identical in its outer shape to the energy absorption element, which is arranged in particular on the support head.
• the further energy absorption element is provided to target at least part of the energy generated by the force through a substantial deformation and / or removal of the friction surface when a force is exerted on a lower support cable, which triggers a movement of the lower support cable over the friction surface absorb.
• the further energy absorption element is preferably at least the surface of the further energy absorption element
• the surface of the further energy absorption element can also be designed, for example, corrugated, in particular in the area of the friction surface.
• the friction surface of the further energy absorption element is arranged at least substantially parallel to the friction surface of the energy absorption element.
• the friction surface of the further energy absorption element is aligned at least substantially perpendicular to the friction surface of the second energy absorption element.
• the friction surface of the further energy absorption element is formed at least substantially perpendicular to a support surface, in particular a base plate, of the support foot, which rests on the ground, on the rock and / or on a concrete base, in particular in the assembled state.
• essentially perpendicular is intended here to define, in particular, an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, the direction and the reference direction, particularly viewed in a projection plane, enclosing an angle of 90 ° and the angle including a maximum deviation of in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously less than 2 °.
• Essentially parallel is to be understood here to mean in particular an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, the direction relative to the reference direction being one Has a deviation in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously less than 2 °.
• the energy absorption element delimits the rope receiving area at least on the valley side, a particularly effective transfer of the impact energy from the rope to the energy absorption element can be achieved. In this way, particularly advantageous energy absorption properties can be achieved.
• the energy absorption element delimits the cable receiving area at least on one side which runs parallel to a main direction of extent of the support element.
• the energy absorption element delimits the cable receiving area at least on one side which runs at least substantially parallel to a main plane of extent of a protective net of the protective net sheeting that is held by the support.
• a “main extension plane” of a structural unit is to be understood in particular as a plane which is parallel to a largest side surface of a smallest imaginary cuboid, which just completely encloses the structural unit, and in particular runs through the center of the cuboid.
• a “main direction of extent” of an object is to be understood in particular as a direction which runs parallel to the longest edge of the smallest geometric cuboid which just completely surrounds the object.
• the cable receiving area is not limited by an energy absorption element on the mountain side.
• the cable receiving area is provided for receiving at least one supporting cable, in particular supporting steel cable, of the protective net sheeting.
• the energy absorption element be exchangeable, in particular, mountable and / or on the support element can be dismantled.
• a simple reprocessing and / or repair of the protective net construction after an impact event can advantageously be made possible.
• costs can be reduced significantly as a result.
• the energy absorption element can be exchanged without having to dismantle or replace the support and / or the support element.
• An exchange of the energy absorption element is advantageously particularly simple.
• the support has a fastening element which is provided for releasably fastening the energy absorption element to the support element and / or for supporting the energy absorption element relative to the support element.
• a fastening element which is provided for releasably fastening the energy absorption element to the support element and / or for supporting the energy absorption element relative to the support element.
• An exchange of the energy absorption element is advantageously particularly simple.
• costs can be reduced significantly as a result.
• the fastening element is designed as a support surface which is provided for supporting the energy absorption element.
• the fastening element forms a support surface for the exchangeably mountable energy absorption element.
• the support element has at least two or more at least essentially identically shaped fastening elements. As a result, the support element can advantageously be installed in different orientations relative to the ground and / or rock.
• fastening element is formed in one piece with the support element, a particularly stable and / or simple construction can advantageously be made possible.
• “In one piece” is to be understood to mean, in particular, materially connected, such as, for example, by a welding process and / or adhesive process, etc., and particularly advantageously integrally formed.
• one-piece should also be understood as one-piece. Under “one-piece” is meant in particular in be understood molded in one piece. This one piece is preferably produced from a single blank, a mass and / or a casting.
• the fastening element is made from a material with a significantly higher Mohs hardness than the energy absorption element, a particularly stable and resistant construction can advantageously be achieved.
• the fastening element is formed from a material with a Mohs hardness of at least 4.5.
• the fastening element is formed from a steel.
• the support has at least the second energy absorption element, which is formed separately from the energy absorption element, the second energy absorption element having a recess into which the energy absorption element is at least partially inserted in an assembled state.
• the cable receiving area can be ensured, which in particular enables particularly effective energy transfer from the cable to the energy absorption device.
• inserting the two energy absorption elements into one another enables the rope receiving area to be delimited as seamlessly as possible on at least two sides, in particular on both sides of the rope receiving area, which the rope swept over in the event of a load.
• the energy absorption element at least partially engages in the second energy absorption element.
• a rope brake in particular a pulley rope brake, is proposed for a protective net construction with at least one rope, with at least one deflection element and with at least the energy absorption device having at least one energy absorption element, the energy absorption element being arranged on a side of the deflection element facing the rope on the deflection element is.
• a protective net construction has the rope brake with the energy absorption element and / or the support with the energy absorption element.
• a shape of the energy absorption element of the cable brake is adapted to an outer shape of the deflection element.
• the rope in the rope brake in particular the pulley rope brake, is guided analogously to a single or multiple deflected pulley block, in particular the deflection element with the energy absorption element replacing at least one role of the pulley block.
• the rope is intended to be substantially deformed and / or substantially removed when the energy absorption elements are passed over them, and in the process to transfer energy to the energy absorption elements.
• one side of the rope brake in particular the pulley rope brake
• a rope of the protective net construction for example a support rope, a restraint rope, a safety rope or another rope of the protective net construction
• the energy absorption element of the rope brake apart from its external shape, is at least essentially identical to the previously described energy absorption element of the support, in particular with regard to the energy absorption effect, materials and / or material properties.
• a protective net construction with one or more energy absorption devices, with one or more supports and / or with one or more rope brakes is proposed.
• advantageous energy absorption properties in particular an advantageously high proportional absorption of the impact energy by the energy absorption device
• a method for at least partial absorption by means of the energy absorption device of an impact energy caused by an impact of an impact body in a protective net construction is proposed, in which at least part of the impact energy is absorbed in at least one process step by targeting an energy absorption element of the energy absorption device from at least one rope of the protective network construction is deformed, in particular deformed, reshaped, removed and / or machined.
• the energy absorption device according to the invention, the support according to the invention, the rope brake according to the invention, the protective net construction according to the invention and the method according to the invention should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above.
• the energy absorption device according to the invention, the support according to the invention, the rope brake according to the invention, the protective net construction according to the invention and the method according to the invention can have a number of individual elements, components, method steps and units that differs from a number of individual elements, components, method steps and units mentioned here.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic, perspective view of a protective netting
• FIG. 2 is a schematic, perspective view of a support from FIG. 1
• FIG. 3a is a schematic, perspective view of a
• Fig. 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the
• 3c is a schematic, perspective view of a
• Fig. 3d is a schematic cross-sectional view of the
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a cable brake with the energy absorption device and FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of a method for absorbing a
• the protective net sheeting 12 is designed as a rockfall protection barrier, which is provided to intercept impact bodies 10, for example boulders. alternative
• the protective netting 12 has a protective netting 64.
• the protective net 64 is designed as a ring network in the illustrated case.
• Alternative common types of protective nets 64 are conceivable.
• Fig. 1 shows the protective netting 12 immediately after a Impact of an impact body 10. The impact body 10 was caught by the rockfall protection barrier and hangs in the protective net 64.
• the protective net sheeting 12 comprises four supports 34 in the illustrated case. The supports 34 are anchored in a rock wall 66.
• the protective netting 12 includes ropes 18. The ropes 18 are at least partially anchored to the rock wall 66. The ropes 18 are attached to the supports 34. The ropes 18 are partially threaded into the protective net 64.
• the protective net 64 is fastened, in particular suspended, to the rock wall 66 and to the supports 34 by means of the ropes 18.
• the protective net shoring 12 comprises upper support cables 52.
• the upper support cables 52 each extend between upper ends 42 of adjacent supports 34.
• the upper support cables 52 are fastened to the upper ends 42 of the supports 34.
• the protective net shoring 12 comprises lower support cables 68.
• the lower support cables 68 each extend between lower ends 46 of adjacent supports 34.
• the lower support cables 68 are fastened to the lower ends 46 of the supports 34.
• the support cables 52, 68 are designed as steel cables, in particular made of high-strength steel wire.
• FIG. 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a support 34 of the protective net shoring 12.
• the support 34 has a support element 36.
• the support element 36 is designed as a support pillar.
• the support element 36 is formed from steel.
• the support element 36 comprises a, in particular double-T-shaped, steel beam.
• the support 34 has a support foot 48.
• the support foot 48 is designed to be separable, preferably separate, from the support element 36.
• the support foot 48 is attached to a lower end 46 of the support element 36.
• the support foot 48 forms at least part of an anchoring element of the support 34.
• the support foot 48 is provided to make contact of the support 34 with the ground or a rock, in particular a rock wall 66.
• the support foot 48 is provided with an underside to rest on the ground or the rock, in particular the rock wall 66.
• the support base 48 is located as in FIG. 2 illustrated case on a specially made foundation 70, in particular a concrete foundation.
• the column foot 48 is firmly anchored by means of ground and / or rock anchors 60 in the ground, the rock, the rock wall 66, the foundation 70 or the like.
• the foundation 70 is designed as a concrete base.
• a surface of the concrete base on which the column foot 48 rests can be at least substantially parallel to a surface of the rock, the rock wall 66 or the ground.
• the surface of the concrete base on which the column foot 48 rests can also be angled to the surface of the rock, rock wall 66 or the ground.
• the surface of the concrete base then preferably has a lower gradient than the rock, rock wall 66 or the ground (see also FIG. 1), in particular at least 10 ° lower, preferably at least 15 ° lower or preferably at least one 20 ° less gradient.
• the support base 48 has a connection unit 72 which is provided for mounting the support element 36 on the support base 48.
• the connection unit 72 comprises connection rails 74.
• the connection rails 74 comprise opposite mounting holes for mounting the support element 36 by means of a screw 78 or a bolt.
• the support element 36 comprises a connection element 76.
• the connection element 76 is provided to be inserted between the connection rails 74 of the connection unit 72 of the support foot 48.
• the connection element 76 has a mounting hole for mounting on the support foot 48 by means of a screw 78 or a bolt.
• the connecting rails 74 run at least essentially perpendicular to a longitudinal extension of the carrying ropes 52, 68, in particular the lower carrying rope 68.
• the connecting unit 72 is provided to allow partial pivoting of the support element 36, in particular in a valley direction, in the event of a load.
• the support 34 in particular the support element 36, has a support head 44.
• the support head 44 is arranged at an upper end 42 of the support element 36.
• the support head 44 is formed in one piece with the support element 36.
• the prop head 44 could also be designed separately from the prop element 36 and, in particular, be mounted on the prop element 36.
• the protective net shoring 12 has at least one restraint rope 80.
• the prop head 44 has a connection element 82 for mounting one or more restraint ropes 80, in particular by means of a shackle.
• the protective netting 12 has at least one side guy rope 84.
• the side guy rope 84 is assigned to a support 34 which forms an edge support of the protective net shoring 12.
• the prop head 44 has a connection element 86 for the assembly of one or more side guy ropes 84, in particular by means of a shackle.
• the protective netting 12 has at least one vertical rope 88, in particular an opening vertical rope.
• the vertical rope 88 is assigned to a support 34, which forms an edge support of the protective netting 12.
• the prop head 44 has a connection element 90 for mounting one or more vertical cables 88, in particular by means of a shackle.
• the connecting elements 82, 86, 90 for mounting the restraint ropes 80, the side guy ropes 84 and / or the vertical ropes 88 are designed as continuous recesses, in particular holes in the support head 44.
• the protective netting 12 has an energy absorption device 38.
• the support 34 has at least a part of the energy absorption device 38. Each support 34 preferably has an at least substantially identical part of the energy absorption device 38.
• the energy absorption device 38 is provided to absorb at least part of the impact energy that occurs when the impact body 10 hits the protective netting 12.
• the energy absorption device 38 has a cable guide unit 14.
• the cable guide unit 14 forms at least one cable receiving area 16.
• the cable guide unit 14 Form at least one further cable receiving area 92.
• the cable receiving area 16, 92 is provided for receiving and / or guiding at least one cable 18.
• the cable guide unit 14 has a cable receiving area 16 assigned to the support head 44 and a further cable receiving area 92 assigned to the support base 48, which is formed separately from the cable receiving area 16.
• the cable receiving area 16 of the prop head 44 is provided for receiving and / or guiding at least the upper supporting cable 52.
• the cable receiving area 92 of the support foot 48 is provided for receiving and / or guiding at least the lower supporting cable 68.
• the energy absorption device 38 has at least one energy absorption element 20.
• the energy absorption element 20 is arranged in the cable receiving area 16.
• the energy absorption element 20 delimits the cable receiving area 16.
• the energy absorption element 20 delimits the cable receiving area 16 on the valley side.
• the energy absorption element 20 is arranged at the upper end 42 of the support element 36.
• the energy absorption element 20 is arranged on the support head 44 of the support element 36.
• the energy absorption element 20 forms a friction surface 22 for the cable 18 guided in the cable receiving area 16, in particular at least the upper support cable 52.
• the energy absorption element 20 is provided for the purpose of exerting a force on the rope 18, in particular the upper support cable 52, generated for example by the impact of the impact body 10 in the protective netting 12, which causes a movement of the cable 18, in particular the upper support cable 52 the friction surface 22, triggers the targeted absorption of at least part of an energy generated by the force by a substantial deformation and / or removal of the friction surface 22 (cf. also FIGS. 3a to 3d).
• the energy absorption element 20 can be interchangeably mounted in the protective net shoring 12.
• the support 34 has a fastening element 54.
• the fastening element 54 is in the illustrated case in one piece with the Support element 36 is formed.
• the fastening element 54 is provided for a releasable fastening of the energy absorption element 20 to the support element 36.
• the fastening element 54 is provided to support the energy absorption element 20 relative to the support element 36.
• the fastening element 54 is provided to support the energy absorption element 20 in a valley-side direction 94 of the protective netting 12.
• the energy absorption element 20 can be fastened to the fastening element 54 in an exchangeable manner. In the case shown, the energy absorption element 20 can be mounted on the fastening element 54 by means of screws and nuts.
• the energy absorption element 20 is curved away from the cable receiving area 16 in edge areas 24, 26.
• a surface 28, in particular the friction surface 22, of the energy absorption element 20 is curved away from the cable receiving area 16.
• a side of the fastening element 54 facing the cable receiving area 16 at least essentially simulates a surface shape of the energy absorption element 20. In an assembled state, the energy absorption element 20 rests closely against a surface of the fastening element 54.
• the energy absorption device 38 has a second
• the second energy absorption element 30 is formed separately from the energy absorption element 20. Alternatively, the energy absorption element 20 and the second energy absorption element 30 could also be formed at least partially in one piece with one another, for example as a cast part (s).
• the second energy absorption element 30 is arranged in the cable receiving area 16.
• the second energy absorption element 30 delimits the cable receiving area 16.
• the second energy absorption element 30 delimits the cable receiving area 16 on the rock side.
• the second energy absorption element 30 is arranged at the upper end 42 of the support element 36.
• the second energy absorption element 30 is on the column head 44 of the support element 36 is arranged.
• the second energy absorption element 30 has a further friction surface 32.
• the second energy absorption element 30 forms the further friction surface 32 for the cable 18 guided in the cable receiving area 16, in particular at least the upper support cable 52.
• the further friction surface 32 of the second energy absorption element 30 is oriented at least substantially perpendicular to the friction surface 22 of the energy absorption element 20.
• the second energy absorption element 30 is provided for the purpose of exerting a force on the cable 18, in particular the upper support cable 52, which is generated for example by the impact of the impact body 10 in the protective netting 12, which causes a movement of the cable 18, in particular the upper support cable 52 triggers via the further friction surface 32 to specifically absorb at least part of an energy generated by the force by a substantial deformation and / or removal of the further friction surface 32.
• the further energy absorption element 30 can be interchangeably mounted in the protective net shoring 12.
• the further energy absorption element 30 can be mounted on an upper side 96 of the support head 44.
• the further energy absorption element 30 is applied to the top side 96 of the support head 44.
• the further energy absorption element 30 partially covers the top side 96 of the support head 44.
• the further energy absorption element 30 covers more than a third, preferably more than half, of the upper side 96 of the prop head 44.
• the further energy absorption element 30 extends over an entire length at least in an area in which the upper support cable 52 runs over the prop head 44 the top side 96 of the support head 44.
• the top side 96 of the support head 44 is provided to support the further energy absorption element 30 relative to the support element 36.
• the upper side 96 of the support head 44 is provided to support the further energy absorption element 30 in a longitudinal direction 98 of the support element 36.
• the further energy absorption element 30 can be exchangeably fastened to the upper side 96 of the support head 44.
• the other In an assembled state, energy absorption element 30 rests closely against a surface of support head 44.
• the further energy absorption element 30 has recesses which overlap with the connection elements 82, 86 of the prop head 44 for the vertical rope 88 and the side guy rope 84. As a result, an additional fastening of the further energy absorption element 30 to the support head 44 can advantageously be ensured.
• the further energy absorption element 30 is curved away from the cable receiving area 16 in edge areas 104, 106.
• the friction surface 32 of the further energy absorption element 30 is curved away from the cable receiving area 16.
• the curvature of the friction surface 32 of the further energy absorption element 30 is significantly less than the curvature of the friction surface 22 of the energy absorption element 20.
• the curvature of the friction surface 22 in the edge regions 24, 26 of the energy absorption element 20 is approximately 90 °.
• the curvature of the friction surface 32 in the edge regions 104, 106 of the further energy absorption element 30 is approximately 35 °.
• the second energy absorption element 30 has a recess 56 into which the energy absorption element 20 is at least partially inserted in the assembled state.
• the recess 56 has at least essentially the shape of a cross section of the energy absorption element 20.
• the recess 56 has at least essentially a shape of a cross section of the combination of the fastening element 54 and the energy absorption element 20 mounted on the fastening element 54.
• the recess 56 has at least essentially a U-shape.
• the support element 36 in particular the support head 44, has a further fastening element 102.
• the further fastening element 102 is designed to be at least essentially complementary and / or mirrored to the fastening element 54 along a mirror plane bisecting the support head 44.
• the further fastening element 102 delimits the cable receiving area 16 to one of the friction surfaces 22 of the Energy absorption element 20 opposite side.
• the further fastening element 102 delimits the cable receiving area 16 in a mountain-side direction 108.
• the cable guide unit 14 also has a delimiting element 100.
• the delimitation element 100 delimits the cable receiving area 16 in a direction opposite the second energy absorption element 30.
• the delimitation element 100 delimits the cable receiving area 16 in a skyward direction 110.
• the delimitation element 100 is designed as a bolt which connects the fastening element 54 and the further fastening element 102.
• the support element 36 can be mounted on the support base 48 in two different orientations by means of the two fastening elements 54, 102. This can advantageously facilitate assembly and prevent incorrect assembly.
• the delimitation element 100 is provided to prevent the rope 18 from jumping out of the rope receiving area 16.
• the fastening elements 54, 102 and / or the delimiting element 100 is formed from a material with a significantly higher Mohs hardness than the energy absorption elements 20, 30.
• the energy absorption device 38 has another
• the further energy absorption element 40 is designed, in particular at least in its mode of operation, at least essentially identical to the energy absorption element 20.
• the further energy absorption element 40 is arranged on the support foot 48.
• the further energy absorption element 40 delimits the further cable receiving area 92 of the cable guide unit 14 of the energy absorbing device 38, which is arranged on the support foot 48.
• the further cable receiving area 92 is at least essentially the same as the cable receiving area 16 apart from its size dimensions, which is why in particular a renewed detailed description is dispensed with in the following can be.
• the further cable receiving area 92 is free of a second further energy absorption element, which is the further cable receiving area 92 limited to a further side.
• the further cable receiving area 92 is provided for receiving and / or guiding the lower support cable 68.
• the support foot 48 has two fastening elements 114, 116 and a bolt-like delimiting element 118, which in particular have essentially identical properties as the fastening elements 54, 102 and the delimiting element 100 of the cable receiving region 16 of the support head 44, to delimit the further cable receiving area 92.
• the further energy absorption element 40 has a friction surface 50, which in particular has at least essentially identical tasks to the friction surfaces 22, 32 of the energy absorption elements 20, 30 of the prop head 44 .
• the friction surface 50 of the further energy absorption element 40 arranged on the support foot 48 is substantially larger than the respective friction surfaces 22, 32 of the energy absorption elements 20, 30 arranged on the support head 44.
• substantially larger should in particular be at least 5% larger, preferably at least by 10% larger, preferably at least 15% larger and particularly preferably at least 20% larger.
• the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40 is formed at least in a region of the respective friction surface 22, 32, 50 from a material with a Mohs hardness of less than 4.
• the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40 is formed from a material that is substantially different from the material of the cable 18, in particular the upper support cable 52 and / or the lower support cable 68.
• the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40 is at least in a region of the respective friction surface 22, 32, 50 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy educated.
• the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40 is formed at least in one area of the respective friction surface 22, 32, 50 from a material which is free of sparks when there is friction with steel, in particular with a steel cable , in particular a friction and / or impact spark generation.
• the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40 is free of movable components.
• Energy absorption device 38 in particular energy absorption element 20, second energy absorption element 30 and / or further energy absorption element 40, is designed free of movable components.
• the energy absorption device 38 in particular the energy absorption element 20, the second energy absorption element 30 and / or the further energy absorption element 40, is designed to be free of rollers.
• the protective netting 12 has a plurality of energy absorption elements 20, a plurality of second energy absorption elements 30 and a plurality of further energy absorption elements 40.
• the protective net shoring 12 has at least one energy absorption element 20, at least one second energy absorption element 30 and at least one further energy absorption element 40 per support 34.
• the energy absorption device 38 absorbs, in particular the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 of the energy absorption device 38 absorb at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and preferably at least 20% of the impact energy when the impact body 10 is impacted with a maximum impact energy provided for the protective netting 12.
• the energy absorption device 38 of a protective netting 12 provided for a maximum impact energy of 3000 kJ with the energy absorption device 38 absorbs at least 300 kJ in the event of an impact with an impact energy of 3000 kJ, preferably at least 450 kJ and preferably at least 600 kJ solely through the deformation and / or removal of the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 by the suspension cables 52, 68.
• FIGS. 3a and 3b show the energy absorption element 20 in an undeformed state, i.e. in particular before a load case has occurred.
• the energy absorption element 20 has a thickness 124 in the area of the cross section shown in FIG. 3b.
• the thickness 124 is 10 mm in the illustrated case.
• Figures 3c and 3d show the same energy absorption element 20 in a substantially deformed and / or worn state, i.e. in particular after the load case has occurred.
• the rope 18 creates a notch 120 in the rubbing over the friction surface 22
• the notch 120 has a depth 122.
• the depth 122 of the notch 120 is greater than 20% of the thickness 124 of the energy absorbing element 20.
• the depth 122 of the notch 120 is greater than 50% of the thickness 124 of the energy absorbing element 20.
• the protective net construction 12 has the cable brake 58 with the energy absorption device 38.
• the rope brake 58 is designed as a pulley rope brake.
• the rope brake 58 is designed as a rollerless pulley rope brake.
• the cable brake 58 has a cable 18.
• the rope 18 is designed as a steel wire rope.
• the cable brake 58 has a first deflecting element 62.
• the cable brake 58 has a second deflecting element 126.
• the rope 18 is guided once around the first deflecting element 62.
• the rope 18 is guided twice around the second deflecting element 126.
• the two guides of the rope 18 around the second deflecting element 126 run in adjacent guide areas (not shown) of the second deflecting element 126.
• One end 128 of the rope 18 is attached to a rear side of the first deflecting element 62.
• a second end 134 of the rope 18 is free or on a rope 18 of the protective netting 12, for example on a support rope 52, 68, on a restraint rope 80, on a side guy rope 84, on a Vertical rope 88, attached to a safety rope or to another rope of the protective netting 12, or forms a rope 18 of the protective netting 12, in particular at least one of the aforementioned ropes 18 of the protective netting 12.
• the second deflecting element 126 is fixed immovably on the support 34 or on the rock wall 66.
• energy absorption elements 20 of the energy absorption device 38 are arranged on the sides of the deflecting elements 62, 126 facing the rope 18.
• the cable 18 is pulled over the friction surfaces 22 of the energy absorption elements 20, whereby at least a substantial part of the energy generated by the tensile force is targeted by a substantial deformation and / or removal of the friction surfaces 22 of the energy absorption elements 20 arranged on the deflection elements 62, 126 is absorbed.
• FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a method for at least partial absorption by means of the energy absorption device 38 of the impact energy caused by the impact of an impact body 10 in a protective net structure 12.
• the carrying ropes 52, 68 and / or other ropes such as restraint ropes 80 or safety ropes, etc. into the cable receiving areas 16 provided with the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40,
• a force is exerted on the ropes 18 of the protective netting 12, in particular on the suspension ropes 52, 68 and / or on other ropes such as restraint ropes 80 or safety ropes, etc. by impact of an impact body 10.
• the force of the impact pulls the ropes 18 of the protective netting 12, in particular the supporting ropes 52, 68 and / or other ropes such as restraint ropes 80 or safety ropes, etc. over the friction surfaces 22, 32, 50 of the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40.
• the relatively softer material of the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 of the hard rope material is substantially deformed and / or worn away.
• kinetic energy of the impact body 10, in particular of the ropes 18, is converted into deformation energy for deformation and / or removal of the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 and thus absorbed by the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40.
• method step 132 at least part of the impact energy is absorbed by the energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 of the
• Energy absorption device 38 can be deliberately deformed and / or removed in a targeted manner, in particular machined in a targeted manner, by the ropes 18 of the protective netting 12.
• the deformed and / or removed energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 are exchanged for new, undeformed energy absorption elements 20, 30, 40 in order to restore the full protective function of the protective net sheeting 12.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
• Vibration Dampers (AREA)
• Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
• Movable Scaffolding (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=74556859

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 2020
  • 2020-01-28 DE DE102020101985.8A patent/DE102020101985A1/de active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-01-22 EP EP21703605.2A patent/EP4097301A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-01-22 US US17/792,549 patent/US20230043490A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-01-22 JP JP2022545890A patent/JP7423798B2/ja active Active
  • 2021-01-22 CN CN202180011063.5A patent/CN115038840B/zh active Active
  • 2021-01-22 CA CA3165542A patent/CA3165542A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-01-22 AU AU2021215092A patent/AU2021215092B2/en active Active
  • 2021-01-22 KR KR1020227029261A patent/KR20220130778A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2021-01-22 MX MX2022009195A patent/MX2022009195A/es unknown
  • 2021-01-22 WO PCT/EP2021/051517 patent/WO2021151802A1/de unknown
  • 2021-01-22 BR BR112022014248A patent/BR112022014248A2/pt unknown
• 2022
  • 2022-07-26 CL CL2022002010A patent/CL2022002010A1/es unknown

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events