Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
  • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
  • D01G15/02—Carding machines
  • D01G15/12—Details
  • D01G15/28—Supporting arrangements for carding elements; Arrangements for adjusting relative positions of carding elements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for automatically setting and maintaining a defined distance between a rotatably mounted drum and at least one further component of a textile machine, the drum and the at least one further component having a set or a separating knife, the drum and the at least one further components are connected to an electrical energy source, but are electrically isolated from one another.
• the invention also relates to a textile machine.
• the first calibration of the carding gap is carried out by hand on a cold, stationary card or card.
• a feeler gauge is pushed by hand on individual flat bars between the clothing tips of the flat and the drum in order to determine the existing carding gap.
• This process takes place for the fixed cover, which are then set to a predetermined distance, as well as for the revolving cover.
• the determined carding gap then depends on a number of factors, including not insignificantly on the experience of the person making the adjustment. This results in a large measurement uncertainty, which continues in the further continuous determination of the carding gap by the machine control. Is the first calibration inaccurate, the subsequent automatic setting by the machine control cannot be more precise, since the measurement inaccuracies continue.
• a small carding gap which is responsible for a high carding quality, cannot therefore be reliably set. If the setting is too imprecise and the carding gap is too small, a collision between the drum and the carding elements can occur if the temperature changes during operation. If the carding gap is set too large, the cleaning and carding of cotton fibers, for example, is insufficient, which has a direct effect on the yarn quality. The same situation occurs when calibrating the distance between the drum of a card or card and the components interacting with it, for example the fixed carding element, the doffer, the worker and turning rollers, the lickerins and the suction hoods.
• the contact and temperature control T-CON system (DE 102006002812 A1) provides for an automatic shutdown.
• opposing components that could collide with each other are electrically isolated and a voltage is applied to both components. If there is contact between the components, a short circuit occurs, with a digital filter in the machine control system selecting and evaluating the number of contacts in order to prevent the card from being switched off immediately. So far, this system has been used to prevent clothing and machine damage, with the carding gap between the carding drum and the revolving flats being able to be readjusted during operation, especially when the temperature of the carding machine changes.
• EP 2743385 B1 varies the present method in that the intensity or contact duration of each short circuit is determined and evaluated with the number of contacts determined.
• the object of the invention is to develop the existing textile machine, for example a card or card, with automatic calibration and setting of a defined distance between a component and the drum.
• the method for automatically setting and maintaining a defined distance between a rotatably mounted drum and at least one further component of a textile machine, the drum and the at least one further component having a set or a separating knife requires that the drum and the at least one further Component connected to an electrical energy source, but are electrically isolated from one another. It is also assumed that the at least one component can be adjusted at a distance from the drum and can be moved automatically. When the drum is stationary or rotating, at least one component with its clothing or separating knife is brought into contact with the clothing of the drum and at least one electrical contact is established.
• Contact does not necessarily have to be triggered by touching two components, but can also take place through conductive particles in the fiber material or through a flashover at a very short distance through the air. If the contact occurs through an electrically conductive particle or through a flashover through the air, the distance is well below the setting values for the carding gap. This distance between the at least one component and the drum is stored as a first reference value in the machine control.
• the machine control gives a controller a distance between the at least one component and the drum as a reference variable.
• the distance can be specified so large that a collision of the components is avoided with a high degree of security, for example to take into account the imbalance of a rotating drum after it has started up.
• the distance can also be a carding gap to be specified, which is specified by a controller with regard to the operating conditions such as fiber quality, production quantity, ambient temperature.
• the controller controls an actuator to generate the distance by means of a manipulated variable.
• the process can be carried out with the drum at a standstill, in which case all components can be approached on contact with the drum.
• the sets used and their assembly can be checked.
• the drum can be ramped up to operating speed and at least one component with its clothing or separating knife again brought into contact with the clothing of the drum and at least one electrical contact can be made so that this distance between the at least one component and the drum as second reference value is stored in the machine control.
• the machine control then provides a controller with a distance between the at least one component and the drum as a reference variable, the controller using a manipulated variable to control an actuator to generate a predetermined distance.
• the system can be calibrated when the drum is stationary or rotating, by determining a reference value or zero value between the stationary or rotating drum and the at least one component. Based on this reference value, the at least one component can be moved at such a large safety distance from the drum that a collision of the component with the approaching drum is excluded.
• the distance to be set between the component and the drum can correspond to a current carding gap. When the drum starts up, the distance between the drum and the at least one component is reduced due to imbalance, centrifugal force and the play in the bearings.
• the at least one component can be approached again on contact with the drum, so that a new electrical contact arises, so that this distance between the at least one component and the drum is stored as a second reference value in the machine control.
• the machine control then provides a controller with a distance between the at least one component and the drum as a reference variable, the controller using a manipulated variable to control an actuator to generate a predetermined distance.
• This predetermined distance can correspond to the distance with which the fiber flocks are best dissolved and cleaned, the fibers carded or the fibers are transferred to a further roller.
• the distances between the at least one component and the drum required for operation can be automatically calibrated and approached. A collision of the components with the drum is excluded.
• the machine control specifies the necessary distance for different operating states, for example depending on the fiber quality. These distances are stored in a memory of the machine control.
• the at least one component is preferably designed as a fixed carding element, as a flat bar, as a doffer, as a suction hood, as a worker roll, as a turning roll or as a lickerin of a card or card. This enables fully automatic adjustment of all components of a card or card to the drum.
• all the sets or separating knives of the components can be approached in contact with the set of the drum. There is a contact between the tooth tips of the clothing or between the separating knife with the clothing of the drum, so that the reference or zero value of the calibration with each individual component takes place. In this way, correct assembly and the correct selection of the set can be checked.
• Another advantage is that fiber flocks are fed into the card or card after or when the drum is run up to operating speed. This increases the operating temperature of the textile machine, which means that the distances between the components can be changed. If the fiber flocks are introduced at the same time as the drum is started up, the
• the operating status can be reached more quickly.
• the distance between the clothings is preferably kept constant by means of a contact / temperature control, the contact / temperature control being designed to determine the thermal behavior of the components of the card when the temperature changes.
• the at least one component when the temperature of the card or card increases, the at least one component can again be brought into contact with the drum and at least one electrical contact can be established. For example, in a Repeat this process by increasing the temperature by 5 ° C each time until the operating temperature of 60 ° C, for example, is reached.
• This distance between the at least one component and the drum is stored as a new reference value in the machine control.
• the machine control gives a controller a distance between the at least one component and the drum as a reference variable, the controller controlling an actuator for generating the distance by means of a manipulated variable.
• the distance between the at least one component and the drum can change significantly with a temperature change in the spinning mill or during operation of the textile machine, the distance between the at least one component and the drum can be recalibrated and set for every relevant temperature change.
• an electrical contact with one of 84 flat bars, for example, can be sufficient if the machine control has stored the small difference between all flat bars.
• At least one component can again be brought into contact with the drum at regular intervals and at least one electrical contact can be established so that this distance between the at least one component and the drum is stored as a new reference value in the machine control.
• the time interval can take place, for example, every two hours after the operating temperature of, for example, 60 ° C. has been reached.
• the machine control provides a controller with a constant distance between the at least one component and the drum as a reference variable, the controller using a manipulated variable to control an actuator to generate the distance.
• the machine control can be designed to output a signal or display a display that provides the operator with an indication of wear on the at least one component and / or of a changed fiber mixture and / or a Indicates malfunction.
• the textile machine can at least partially monitor itself based on the changed distances between the at least one component and the drum and make a diagnosis in the event of a deviation.
• the actuators are preferably designed as drives with which the distance between the components and the drum can be adjusted.
• the result is a textile machine that can adjust the distances between at least one component and the drum itself.
• the textile machine according to the invention has a rotatable and garnished drum and at least one further component which is assigned to the rotatable drum, at least one component being adjustable at a distance from the drum by means of at least one drive.
• the textile machine comprises a system for determining electrical contacts, the drum and at least one further component being connected to an electrical energy source but being electrically isolated from one another.
• the system detects the electrical contact to determine the contacts and communicates with a machine control system which is designed to determine a reference value and, based on this reference value, use a controller to drive at least one drive To control setting of a distance between the at least one component and the drum.
• the components are preferably designed as a fixed carding element, as a flat bar, as a doffer, as a suction hood, as a worker roll, as a turning roll or as a lickerin of a card or card.
• the distances between the components and the drum, which are important for processing fibers, can thus be set automatically.
• the components preferably have a set or a separating knife.
• the carding gap can be automatically calibrated and adjusted according to the production conditions. There is no need for time-consuming setting during commissioning using feeler gauges.
• the distance between the clothing of the drum and the clothing of the doffer, the worker and turning roller or the lickerin can also be adjusted by means of a spindle.
• a motor-gear combination is preferably used as the drive, which has an integrated brake.
• the integrated brake enables the components to be adjusted very precisely to the drum, which is well below 0.1 mm.
• FIG 1 is a schematic side view of a card with the device according to the invention
• FIGS. 2a-2f show an enlarged illustration of a flat rod or carding element with the drum
• FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of the sliding strip
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the doffer with the drum
• Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the control circuit for setting the distance between the sets.
• Fig. 1 shows a card 100 according to the prior art, in which fiber flocks are passed via a shaft to a feed roller 1, a feed table 2, via several lickerins 3a, 3b, 3c, to the drum 4 or the tambour.
• the fibers of the fiber flocks are deposited on the drum 4 by means of fixed carding elements 20, suction hoods and separating knives and by means of revolving carding elements arranged on a revolving flat system 17, which act as flat rods 14 are designed, parallelized and cleaned.
• the resulting fiber web is then conveyed via a pick-up 5, a pick-up roller 6 and several nip rollers 7, 8 to a non-woven guide element 9, which transforms the fiber web with a funnel 10 into a sliver, which is sent via take-off rollers 11, 12 to a subsequent processing machine or a Can 15 is passed.
• the adjustment of the flat bars 14 and the fixed carding elements 20 to the drum 4 (carding gap) takes place via slide strips (18), not shown here, which have elements which are aligned in a wedge shape with respect to one another.
• the setting of the pickup 5 at a distance from the drum 4 takes place by means of an adjusting system in which the pickup 5 is pivoted about a rotatably arranged bearing.
• the following description relates to the setting of the distance between the clothing of the drum 4 and another clothing that can be arranged on the fixed carding elements 20 and / or on the flat rods 14 of the revolving flat system 17 and / or on the doffer 5.
• the clothing 5a, 14a, 20a with the associated component is designed to be electrically conductive, but is arranged in an electrically insulated manner within the card 100.
• the set 14a is arranged in an electrically conductive foundation.
• the flat rods 14 are guided in an electrically insulated manner on the sliding strip 18, the electrical contact for the detection system being conducted and transmitted via the set 14a in the foundation via the outer sliding elements (pins 14b - Figure 2a) to the controller.
• the sets 20a of the fixed carding elements 20 are also designed to be electrically conductive and directly or indirectly with the detection system connected, wherein the fixed carding elements 20 are arranged on the card 100 in an electrically insulated manner.
• the pickup 5 is also mounted in an electrically insulated manner, the set 5a of the pickup 5 being connected in an electrically conductive manner to the detection system.
• the fixed carding elements 20 can also be adjusted at a distance from the drum 20 via a wedge-shaped slide bar, so that the distance between the associated sets 4a, 20a can also be varied.
• the pick-up 5 is rotatably mounted in the machine housing, the bearing being pivotably arranged at a distance from the drum 4.
• a motorized spindle drive can be used to set the distance between the pickup 5 and the drum 4, and thus also the distance between the sets 4a, 5a.
• the following figures show the calibration and adjustment of the distance between the clothings of the flat bar 14 and the drum 4.
• the same principle is also used for the calibration and adjustment of the distance between the clothings of the fixed carding elements 20 and the drum 4, as well as between the Trimmings of the collector 5 and the drum 4 are used.
• the individual steps can be carried out independently of one another so that calibration can be carried out with the drum at a standstill, for example to check the assembled clothing. Calibration is also possible at any time with the drum rotating, with or without running production.
• the first system test takes place with the drum 4 stationary, in that the revolving flat bars 14 and / or fixed carding elements 20 and / or the doffer 5 are brought into contact with the drum 4.
• the wedge-shaped sliding strips (FIG. 2b) are moved apart by a motor, so that the distance between the sets 14a, 20a of the flat rods 14 and / or the fixed carding elements 20 to the set 4a of the drum 4 decreases. If the clothing tips touch each other, a short circuit is triggered, which names the reference point to the detection system and thus the control for this distance and for this individual carding element (fixed carding element 20, flat rod 14). This process is continued until all the sets of flat bars 14 and / or fixed carding elements 20 have come into contact with drum 4.
• this system test can also be used to check whether the correct flat bars 14 and
• the card 100 is started cold and the drum 4 is run up to its speed of 600 rpm, for example.
• the pickup 5 can also be run up to a speed of 150 rpm. Due to the imbalance of the drum 4 and its expansion due to the centrifugal forces, the distance from a1 to a2 is reduced without actively adjusting the further clothing at the distance from the drum 4.
• the distance between the clothing 4a of the drum 4 and the other clothing (5a, 14a, 20a) is once again driven to zero until there is electrical contact again.
• the contact or a defined number of contacts is made with a component of a group of sets, i.e.
• the control gives a new distance a3 (Figure 2f) between the sets 4a of the drum 4 and the other sets (5a, 14a, 20a) of, for example, 12/1000 ", which the drives 21 of the slide strips 18 and the spindle drive approach.
• the card then starts production.
• the drum 4 has reached the target speed of 600 rpm, for example, and has started production with fiber flocks.
• the production volume can be increased slowly over a period of 15 minutes from, for example, 0 kg / h to 250 kg / h.
• the card 100 can also be started immediately in the second step with the full production amount of 250 kg / h, which reaches this production amount in, for example, 30 seconds.
• the card 100 heats up from, for example, 24 ° C to 60 ° C, which means that the components (side plate, drum, etc.) heat up and the preset distance a3 (reference variable) between the clothings decreases.
• the machine control is designed to calculate in advance the reduction in the distance between the clothings based on the predetermined distance a3 between the clothings (5a, 14a, 20a) at a measured card temperature of, for example, 24 ° C. Since the goal is a constant distance a3 as a reference variable of, for example, 3/1000 "between the clothing 4a of the drum 4 and the clothing 14a of the flat rod 14 at an operating temperature of 60 ° C, a collision between the components must be prevented at the same time.
• the T-CON system calculates the change in the distances between the sets due to the temperature change of the components and thus keeps the distance a3 constant.
• the distances between the sets can be reduced regularly and brought into contact until the detection system detects a new reference point or zero point.
• a new setting of the carding gap can be made from this reference point and / or the customer distance take place until the operating temperature of the card 100 is reached and at the same time the preset distance a3 can be kept constant.
• This readjustment can be carried out at certain intervals based on empirical values, for example every 30 minutes. Alternatively, a new reference measurement that
• FIG. 3 shows the principle of the slide strip 18, which consists of an upper displaceable wedge-shaped slide strip 18a and a lower stationary wedge-shaped slide strip 18b.
• the sliding strip 18 for the revolving cover system 17 is shown, which is also used for the fixed carding elements with the same principle, only with the difference that the fixed carding elements 20 are fixed in place and can only be adjusted at a distance from the drum 4.
• the slide bar 18 is directly or indirectly, for example mounted on a flexible bend 29, adjustably connected to the side plate of the card 100 so that each card 100 has a slide bar 18 on both sides of the drum 4.
• the upper slide bar 18a is arranged displaceably on the lower slide bar 18b, with a gear wheel (not shown) that penetrates the lower slide bar 18b and moves the upper slide bar 18a on the circumference.
• the lower sliding strip can be arranged in a groove in the flexible arch 29 that is open at the top and is not visible in the illustration in FIG.
• the radius of the slide bar 18 is arranged concentrically to the radius of the drum 4, since the flat bars 14 are guided on their flat circle against the direction of rotation of the drum 4 and should always have the same distance from the drum 4 (carding gap).
• the revolving cover 14 slide with their pins 14b (FIGS.
• the pins 14b cooperate with one or more contact arcs 23 of a contact element 22, which can be arranged, for example, laterally on the sliding strip 18 or on the flexible bow 29.
• the electrical contact during calibration is thus made via the tips of the sets 14a and / or 20a and 4a, via an electrically conductive foundation of the flat rod 14 via the pins 14b, which are electrically connected to the foundation, up to the contact sheet 23.
• This exemplary embodiment shows the arrangement of, for example, four contact elements 22 on the sliding strip 8, so that the location of the contact between the clothing 14a of a flat rod 14 and the clothing 20a of the drum 20 can be localized very precisely.
• the contact elements 22 with their contact arcs 23 are in turn electrically connected to the control of the card 100.
• the slide bar 18 has a plurality of adjusting spindles 19 which can be adjusted manually or by motor.
• six adjusting spindles 19 are provided, with which the slide bar 18 can be adjusted on each side of the card 100.
• the adjustment of the upper slide bar 18a on the lower slide bar 18b takes place, as already mentioned, with a gearwheel which is driven by an electric motor.
• the drive 21 can be designed as a motor-gear combination, for example as a stepper motor with an externally arranged sensor system or as a servomotor with an integrated sensor system.
• the wedge shape By adjusting or shifting the upper slide bar 18a on the lower slide bar 18b, the wedge shape simultaneously translates the movement, in which a large path is covered on the circumference of the lower slide bar 18b, which causes only a slight change in the radius. Because with an accuracy of 1/1000 of an inch, the distance between the sets 5a, 14a, 20a to set 4a of the drum 4, any play in the mechanical coupling of the components must be minimized.
• the drive 21 is equipped with a brake that can be integrated in the drive 21. The brake avoids a slight reverse movement when the drive 21 is moved, so that the reference point can be determined with the greatest accuracy when there is contact between the sets.
• the second step described for FIGS. 2d-2f can be carried out with or without fiber flakes. If the second step is carried out without fiber flakes, there is a higher degree of certainty in terms of calibration accuracy. If the second step takes place with fiber flocks in production, the operating status is mapped more quickly, as the factors that reduce the distance between the clothing are also partially compensated for by reaching the operating temperature more quickly.
• FIG. 4 shows schematically the mounting of the drum 4 on the frame 13 of the card 100.
• the doffer 5 can be pivoted towards the drum 4 or away from it via a pivotable support 25, which is attached to a bearing 24 of the frame 13 on each side.
• a spindle 26 is arranged on both sides of the card 100 and produces a mechanical coupling of the pick-up 5 to the frame 13 or to the side plate 28 of the card 100.
• a drive 27 is arranged on each of the spindle or spindles 26, with which the distance between the pickup 5 and drum 4 can be adjusted.
• the distance between drum 4 and pick-up 5 is shown enlarged here.
• the travel range can be set between a few millimeters up to the point where the associated fittings come into contact.
• the machine control receives a reference variable F of the distance between two clothings from a memory, which can depend, for example, on the fiber quality (cotton, synthetic fibers), the expected carding performance and other factors.
• This reference variable F is set by a controller R, which controls an actuator A by means of a manipulated variable S.
• the actuator A which can be designed as a drive 21, 27, for example, generates a controlled variable RG that is compared with the reference variable F.
• Another signal is generated by the T-CON system, which is processed with the reference variable F.
• the T-CON system records and evaluates the number of contacts C between the sets.
• the T-CON system also uses the current temperature T of the card to calculate the change in the distance between the clothings.
• the absolute value of the distance between the clothings is stored in the machine control, since T-CON only detects the contacts and determines the change in the distance between the clothings based on the temperature change.
• a signal can be generated that is processed in the machine control with the reference variable F.
• a temperature increase of the card by, for example, 5 ° or 10 ° C can set the procedure described for the new calibration in motion, in which T-CON determines a certain number of contacts between the clothings as a new reference value or zero point, starting from which a new reference variable F is approached as the new distance between the sets.
• a new calibration can take place in order to check the carding gap and / or the doffer distance and to adjust it to the changed conditions.
• the distance between the sets is reduced by one or more actuators 21, 27 until the detector system T-CON determines a preset number of contacts between the components and stores it as the new reference distance zero in the machine control.
• the controller R again controls one or more actuators A with which the distance between the sets is set to a current reference variable F.
• this process can be repeated every 30 minutes, for example, until a temperature sensor has determined the current machine temperature for the current operating conditions.
• this process can be repeated every two hours, for example, in order to get a check on the current distance between the clothings and to compensate for wear on the clothings or quality differences in the supplied fibers.
• the distance between the sets can be automatically calibrated from the start of the machine in every operating state and kept constant at an optimal value.
• the currently existing clothing spacing can be determined at any time and compared with the reference variable.
• higher accuracy and better adaptation to changed boundary and environmental conditions can be achieved.
• the wear of the clothing can be recorded and taken into account in the subsequent setting.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=69528829

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Family Cites Families (14)

• 2019
  • 2019-04-25 DE DE102019110654.0A patent/DE102019110654A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-02-06 CN CN202080014680.6A patent/CN113454275B/zh active Active
  • 2020-02-06 EP EP20704498.3A patent/EP3959362A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-02-06 WO PCT/EP2020/052973 patent/WO2020216482A1/de unknown

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