EP3671078A1 - Récipient à isolation thermique - Google Patents

Récipient à isolation thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3671078A1
EP3671078A1 EP20156390.5A EP20156390A EP3671078A1 EP 3671078 A1 EP3671078 A1 EP 3671078A1 EP 20156390 A EP20156390 A EP 20156390A EP 3671078 A1 EP3671078 A1 EP 3671078A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
wall
container according
elements
vacuum insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20156390.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3671078B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Joachim Kuhn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Va Q Tec AG
Original Assignee
Va Q Tec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Va Q Tec AG filed Critical Va Q Tec AG
Publication of EP3671078A1 publication Critical patent/EP3671078A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/02—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
    • F25D3/06—Movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/062—Walls defining a cabinet
    • F25D23/063—Walls defining a cabinet formed by an assembly of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/082—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid disposed in a cold storage element not forming part of a container for products to be cooled, e.g. ice pack or gel accumulator
    • F25D2303/0822—Details of the element
    • F25D2303/08221—Fasteners or fixing means for the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/084—Position of the cold storage material in relationship to a product to be cooled
    • F25D2303/0843—Position of the cold storage material in relationship to a product to be cooled on the side of the product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/085—Compositions of cold storage materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
    • F25D2331/804—Boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/36—Visual displays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermally insulated container according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • thermally insulated containers are used, in particular, but by no means exclusively, for transport purposes in order to be able to transport temperature-sensitive goods, for example medicines, while adhering to narrow temperature tolerances.
  • a container wall is provided in generic containers, which completely encloses an interior in which the goods to be transported are arranged. At least one closable opening is provided in the container wall in order to be able to introduce the goods to be transported into the container.
  • vacuum insulation elements are used for insulation. These vacuum insulation elements have a very high thermal resistance with a relatively small layer thickness, so that for a given external volume there is a relatively large usable volume with sufficient thermal insulation. Due to the vacuum insulation elements, the heat flow is made more difficult both from the outside in and from the inside out, so that the goods to be transported are protected against both excessive heat and excessive cold.
  • Thermally insulated containers are known from the prior art, in which active cooling systems are used for additional cooling. For example, it is known that the interior of the container is tempered by means of an electrical air conditioning system. Systems are also known in which dry ice is evaporated and the resulting cold steam is used to cool the interior. The disadvantage of these actively cooled containers is that they are extremely sensitive to interference. If, for example, the electrical air conditioning system or the fan of the dry ice system is not supplied with sufficient electrical energy, one is Sufficient cooling is no longer guaranteed and the transported goods spoil.
  • the document WO 2000/40908 A1 discloses a portable refrigerator with a thermally insulated outer shell that defines an interior.
  • the outer shell is formed by a plurality of wall elements, namely three side wall elements, a ceiling element, a floor element and a door element, the interior having at least one closable opening.
  • the outer shell has two metal skins and a heat-insulating polyurethane foam layer in between.
  • the known refrigerator has supports for melt storage elements.
  • the invention is based on the basic idea of arranging passive melt storage elements in the container which are filled with a suitable melt storage material.
  • Such melt storage elements have the property that they can store or emit a certain amount of heat by phase transformation of the melt storage material.
  • the thermal energy required for phase transformation of the melt storage material is thus stored in the melt storage material and does not lead to an increase in temperature. If the melt storage material is cooled in reverse, the melt storage material gradually solidifies and emits the stored amount of heat during this phase change.
  • the Melt storage elements thus, depending on their respective capacity, reduce the heat flow until the capacity limits are reached.
  • melt storage material contains paraffin, for example, heat flow buffering in the temperature range above 0 ° C is made possible. If, on the other hand, a salt solution is contained in the melt storage material, for example, the heat flow can be buffered in the temperature range below 0 ° C.
  • each melt storage material has an optimal buffering range depending on its respective melting point, it is particularly advantageous for certain applications if at least two different melt storage elements are provided in the container, each of which is filled with different melt storage materials. This combination of different melt storage materials in one container allows the buffering area to be spread out. It is particularly advantageous if the melt storage elements filled with different melt storage materials are arranged in several layers in the container.
  • melt storage elements In order to be able to check the readiness for use of the melt storage elements, for example after loading a container, it is advantageous if temperature measuring devices are provided on the melt storage elements with which the temperature of the melt storage element can be measured.
  • Known temperature sensors with displays, for example, which change color depending on the temperature, can be used for this purpose.
  • the container wall is double-walled with an outer wall and an inner wall.
  • the outer wall and the inner wall are each mechanically stable and self-supporting.
  • the interior is insulated against heat exchange with several vacuum insulation elements.
  • the vacuum insulation elements are arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the construction of the vacuum insulation elements is basically arbitrary.
  • a base body is used for this purpose, which is enclosed in a gas-tight manner with a film.
  • the interior space formed by the film is evacuated in order to be able to achieve the desired insulation properties.
  • the base body itself gives the vacuum insulation element the required mechanical stability, and open-pore materials should be used to produce the base body in order to ensure sufficient evacuation.
  • foil-coated vacuum insulation elements they should preferably not have any protruding edge flaps made of foil, so that the butt joint between adjacent vacuum insulation elements can be made as narrow as possible.
  • the insulation effect of the vacuum insulation elements largely depends on the sufficiently low internal gas pressure in the vacuum insulation element. The further the internal gas pressure in the vacuum insulation element increases, the more heat is conducted through the vacuum insulation element.
  • the vacuum insulation elements should have a control system for checking the internal gas pressure.
  • metal platelets for example, can be arranged below the enveloping film, the internal gas pressure then being able to be derived by applying a temperature jump using suitable diagnostic devices in the area of the metal platelets.
  • the container wall should have inspection openings through which the control system for controlling the internal gas pressure is accessible.
  • the functionality of the built-in vacuum insulation elements can be checked again at any time, in particular before loading, in order to prevent damage to the goods to be transported due to insufficient insulation, as they do For example, can be caused by micro-leaks in the vacuum insulation elements.
  • covers can be provided at the inspection openings, which are preferably transparent so that the control system behind the cover can be viewed from the outside.
  • the vacuum insulation elements can also be arranged in several layers one above the other or one behind the other.
  • the resulting heat flow resistance essentially results from the addition of the heat flow resistance of the individual layers.
  • the container can be designed in the manner of a transport container. If this transport container is also airworthy, temperature-sensitive goods, such as medicines such as vaccines in particular, can be transported over very long distances and long transport times within specified temperature tolerances.
  • the container can also be designed in the manner of a transport box with a removable lid.
  • transport boxes are particularly advantageous if the container is not to be transported back but the container is disposed of after it has reached its destination.
  • Foamed plastics are particularly suitable for producing the container wall of the transport box, since this material itself has a high heat flow resistance and is also available at very low cost.
  • a container 01 designed in the manner of a transport container is shown in perspective.
  • heat-sensitive goods for example medicines, in particular vaccines
  • the base of the container 01 corresponds to the area of a standard pallet.
  • the container wall 02 of the container 01 consists of three rectangular side wall elements 03, a rectangular floor element 04, a rectangular ceiling element 05 and a pivotably mounted door element 06.
  • the three side wall elements 03, the floor element 04 and the ceiling element 05 are firmly together to form a rectangular interior 07 connected. After closing the door element 06, the interior 07 is enclosed on all sides and is insulated against the flow of heat through the container wall 02 by means of vacuum insulation elements, which are described in more detail below.
  • a locking element 08 is used to lock the door element 06, by actuating it in Fig. 1 Locking elements, not shown, can be unlocked or locked.
  • a seal can be attached to the closure member 08 in order to secure the container 01 against unauthorized opening.
  • a lock for example a cylinder lock, can also be on the locking member 08 or number lock can be provided to prevent unauthorized opening of the container 01.
  • guard rails 15 can be attached to the outside in particularly endangered areas.
  • the guardrails 15 can be made, for example, from a metal sheet.
  • the inside structure of the container 01 is off Fig. 2 evident.
  • Six melt storage elements 16 and 17 are arranged on the inside of each of the two side walls 03.
  • the melt storage elements 16 are filled with a paraffin-containing melt storage material, whereas the melt storage elements 17 contain a salt solution.
  • Fastening rails 18 are used to fasten the melt storage elements 16 and 17 (see also Fig. 3 ), which encompass the melt storage elements 16 and 17 in a form-fitting manner at the upper and lower edges, respectively. In this way, the melt storage elements 16 and 17 can be replaced simply by inserting them into the mounting rails 18 from the door side. After closing the door element 06, the melt storage elements 16 and 17 are fixed on the inside of the container wall 02. This type of attachment allows, in particular, the melt storage elements 16 and 17 to be assembled or disassembled without tools.
  • Inspection openings 19 are provided in each of the three side wall elements 03, the base element 04, the ceiling element 05 and the door element 06, the function of which will be explained in detail below.
  • a sealing lip 20 is fastened on the inside, with which the sealing joint between the door element 06 on the one hand and the edge of the two opposite side wall elements 03 or the edge of the ceiling element 05 and the floor element 04 is sealed after the door element 06 has been closed.
  • Fig. 3 the container 01 is shown schematically in cross section from the front.
  • the flat, namely plate-shaped melt storage elements 16 and 17 are arranged parallel to the container wall 02 on the inside 21 of the container 01.
  • the container wall 02 itself is constructed with double walls from a dimensionally stable outer wall 22 and a likewise dimensionally stable inner wall 23.
  • the vacuum insulation elements 24 provided for insulation are arranged between this mechanically stable double wall made of outer wall 22 and inner wall 23.
  • Shock protection elements 25 made of foamed plastic are provided between the vacuum insulation elements 24 and the outer wall 22.
  • the size relationships between the outer wall 22, inner wall 23, the vacuum insulation elements 24 and the shock protection elements 25 are shown in Fig. 3 only hinted at in principle.
  • the exact structure of the structure of the container wall 02 is off Fig. 4 evident.
  • FIG. 4 Perspective cross section shown through the container wall 02 shows that the outer wall 22 and the inner wall 23 are each made of a sandwich material.
  • an inner core layer 26 made of plywood and an inner core layer 27 made of foamed plastic are each covered on the outside by cover layers 28 made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Fig. 5 One possible embodiment of dimensionally stable melt storage containers 29 is shown. By filling the containers 29 with a suitable melt storage material, the different types of melt storage elements 16 and 17 can be produced.
  • Fig. 6 the arrangement of the vacuum insulation panels 24 in a side wall 03 is shown as an example.
  • Four vacuum insulation elements 24 are arranged adjacent to one another in all side wall elements 03 and correspondingly also in floor element 04, in ceiling element 05 and in door element 06. This ensures that if a vacuum insulation element is damaged, for example caused by a micro leak, not all of the insulation in the corresponding container wall fails. Rather, even if a single vacuum insulation element fails, there is still sufficient insulation of the container 01 as a whole.
  • vacuum insulation elements 24 should, if possible, not have any protruding film tabs, so that vacuum insulation elements 24 can be mounted in the butt joints 30 as tightly as possible.
  • a further layer of vacuum insulation elements can also be provided in the container wall 02, the butt joints 30 being offset from one another if possible in the case of a plurality of layers.
  • a control system 31 for checking the internal gas pressure is present on each vacuum insulation element 24.
  • the four control systems 31 of the four vacuum insulation elements 24 are each arranged adjacent to one another in the middle of the container wall, so that the four different control systems 31 are accessible through a single inspection opening 19.
  • Fig. 7 the inspection opening 19 is shown enlarged with the four control systems 31 arranged behind a cover 32.
  • the cover 32 is removed and a test head of a diagnostic device is placed on the control systems 31. Structure and function of the control system 31 and structure of the vacuum insulation elements 24 are off Fig. 8 evident.
  • the in Fig. 8 The cross section shown through the vacuum insulation elements 24 shows an open-pore base body 33, which is gas-tightly covered with a film 34.
  • the gas-tight interior 35 formed by the film 34 is evacuated in order to give the vacuum insulation element 24 the desired insulation properties.
  • the control system 31 is placed on the inside of the film 34, which consists of a metal plate 36 and an intermediate layer 37. A defined temperature jump can then be applied to the control system 31 with a test head 38, the internal gas pressure in the interior 35 being able to be derived from the signal response to the temperature jump.
  • the data storage device 10 is connected via a cable 12 to an internal temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the interior 07 and to an external temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature surrounding the container 01.
  • the internal temperature and the external temperature are measured at regular time intervals and the measurement data obtained are stored in the data storage device 10 for documentation purposes.
  • the current internal temperature or the current external temperature can be shown on a display 13 and can be read from the outside through the transparent cover 11.
  • a GPS receiver (not shown) can be connected to the data storage device 10 via a connection 14, so that the position data of the container 01 can be stored with the data storage device 10 for documentation purposes.
  • the function of the container 01 for temperature insulation should be based on the in 10 to 12 temperature curves shown are exemplified.
  • Fig. 10 a situation is schematically shown in which the container 01 is exposed to an outside temperature profile 39.
  • the corresponding change in the internal temperature in the interior 07 of the container 01 is indicated with the internal temperature profile 40.
  • the outside temperature profile 39 includes a temperature jump from 10 ° C to 30 ° C over a period of 6 hours.
  • This change in the outside temperature initially does not lead to a change in temperature in the interior 07, because the amounts of heat caused by the Vacuum insulation elements 24 are let through, are buffered by the melt storage elements 16 and 17 by phase transformation of the melt storage material. Only after a time delay, when large amounts of the melt storage material have already undergone a phase change, does the inside temperature in the interior 07 rise very slowly.
  • a second outside temperature profile 41 and the resulting inside temperature profile 42 are plotted in the interior 07 of the container 01.
  • the outside temperature profile 41 immediately undergoes a negative temperature jump to just above 0 ° C.
  • the negative temperature jump also lasts 6 hours.
  • the negative temperature jump is also buffered by the melt storage elements 16 and 17, the melt storage elements regenerating again by lowering the temperature, so that a subsequent positive temperature jump can in turn be buffered without further notice.
  • a real outside temperature profile 43 and a resulting inside temperature profile 44 are plotted, which was recorded in a long-term test over 210 hours.
  • the different curves of the outside temperature profile 43 and the inside temperature profile 44 correspond to the different measuring points outside or inside the container 01 Fig. 11 immediately apparent, the inside temperature remains within a narrow temperature band despite considerable fluctuations in the outside temperature, so that temperature-sensitive goods in the interior of the container 07 are effectively protected against excessive temperature fluctuations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP20156390.5A 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Récipient à isolation thermique Expired - Lifetime EP3671078B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10322764A DE10322764A1 (de) 2003-05-19 2003-05-19 Container mit Vakuumisolation und Schmelzspeichermaterialien
PCT/DE2004/000953 WO2004104498A2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur à isolation thermique
EP04738481.3A EP1625338B2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur isolation thermique

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04738481.3A Division EP1625338B2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur isolation thermique
EP04738481.3A Division-Into EP1625338B2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur isolation thermique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3671078A1 true EP3671078A1 (fr) 2020-06-24
EP3671078B1 EP3671078B1 (fr) 2024-02-14

Family

ID=33461829

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20156390.5A Expired - Lifetime EP3671078B1 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Récipient à isolation thermique
EP14004268.0A Revoked EP2876389B1 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Récipient à isolation thermique
EP04738481.3A Expired - Lifetime EP1625338B2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur isolation thermique

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14004268.0A Revoked EP2876389B1 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Récipient à isolation thermique
EP04738481.3A Expired - Lifetime EP1625338B2 (fr) 2003-05-19 2004-05-05 Conteneur isolation thermique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070051734A1 (fr)
EP (3) EP3671078B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10322764A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004104498A2 (fr)

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EP3671078B1 (fr) 2024-02-14
EP2876389B1 (fr) 2018-01-10
DE10322764A1 (de) 2004-12-30
WO2004104498A3 (fr) 2005-03-31
EP2876389A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
WO2004104498A2 (fr) 2004-12-02
EP1625338B1 (fr) 2020-02-12
EP1625338B2 (fr) 2023-04-12
US20070051734A1 (en) 2007-03-08
EP1625338A2 (fr) 2006-02-15

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