EP3554719B1 - Coating system and corresponding coating method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a painting system for painting components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components. The invention also relates to a corresponding painting method.

In modern painting systems for painting motor vehicle body components, the application devices usually used are atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers, airmix atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.), which emit a spray of the paint to be applied. The disadvantage of these known atomizers is the fact that only part of the applied paint is deposited on the surface of the motor vehicle body components to be coated, while the rest of the applied paint has to be disposed of as so-called overspray or is deposited on other areas of the component to be coated, where no paint should be deposited. For this purpose, a so-called paint separator is located under the actual paint booth, which removes the undesired top spray from the booth air flowing downwards.

Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a conventional paint shop with a paint booth 1 on an upper level 2 and a paint deposition 3 on a lower level 4. The structure of the paint shop with the two superimposed floors 2, 4 requires the paint booth to be raised above the level of the paint deposition 3 a steel structure 5 or alternatively a concrete ceiling with a Cutout, so that the booth air flowing down from the painting booth 1 can enter the paint separator 3 through the grid floor, as indicated schematically by the arrows. In the painting booth 1, a conveyor 6 runs at right angles to the plane of the drawing, the conveyor 6 conveying the motor vehicle body components to be painted through the painting system at right angles to the plane of the drawing. Multi-axis painting robots 8 are arranged on both sides of the conveyor 6, each of which guides a rotary atomizer 9 as an application device. An example of the structure and method of construction of the paint deposition 3 is shown in FIG DE 20 2006 021 158 U1 described. It should also be mentioned that the steel structure 5 rests on a concrete foundation 10.

A main disadvantage of this known construction of a painting system is the fact that the paint separator 3 is necessary at all, since the paint separator 3 requires water, chemicals, stone dust and / or cardboard filters.

Another disadvantage of this known construction of a paint shop is the fact that the steel structure 5 is required to support the paint booth 1 and to arrange it above the paint deposit 3.

Reference should also be made to the technical background of the invention DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 , DE 197 31 829 A1 , DE 602 12 523 T2 , DE 94 22 327 U1 , DE 10 2013 002 412 A1 , DE 196 30 290 A1 , DE 41 15 111 A1 and DE 196 06 716 C1 .

Furthermore, reference should be made to the state of the art WO 2005/075170 A1 , U.S. 5,636,795 A , FR 3 010 918 A1 , EP 3 156 138 A1 , JP H09 192583 A and US 2010/282283 A1 .

The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a correspondingly improved painting installation and a corresponding painting method.

This object is achieved by a painting installation according to the invention or a painting method according to the invention in accordance with the independent claims.

The painting installation according to the invention initially has at least one first painting booth in which the components to be painted are painted by an application device. In this case, however, as an application device - as in the case of the one described at the beginning and in Figure 1 conventional structure of a painting system shown - a rotary atomizer is used, but rather a print head that works essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device is essentially completely deposited on the component to be coated without overspray.

Such print heads are known per se from the prior art and are for example in DE 10 2013 002 412 A1 , US 9,108,424 B2 and DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 described. The term “print head” used in the context of the invention also serves to differentiate between atomizers which emit a spray of the paint to be applied. In contrast to this, a print head according to the invention emits a spatially narrowly limited coating agent jet, which can optionally be designed as a droplet jet or as a coating agent jet that is connected in the longitudinal direction of the jet.

The invention now provides that the complex paint deposition under the first paint booth can be dispensed with. However, the invention not only claims protection for paint shops in which all paint booths without an associated paint deposit is formed. Rather, the invention also claims protection for a painting system with several painting booths, at least one of the painting booths working with an overspray-free print head as an application device and therefore no associated paint separation, while the other painting booths can also use conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers) as application devices .

The combination of overspray-free print heads with overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line is advantageous because, for example, so-called wraps around component edges can only be painted poorly with the currently known print heads. It therefore makes sense to continue to paint these areas (e.g. wraparound around component edges) with conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers). The wrap around creates the paint layer that is created during the electrostatic painting and is deposited in the area of action of the field lines that could not be coated without the action of the field lines.

The overspray-free print heads, on the other hand, are preferably used to paint the outer surfaces of the components to be painted, while the overspray-generating atomizers can be used to paint the inner surfaces of the components to be painted or to paint the above-mentioned wraps around component edges.

In the painting system according to the invention, the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads can be arranged at floor level without the steel structure described above, in particular directly on a floor foundation. The waiver according to the invention of the paint deposition thus enables the combination of overspray-free print heads With overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line, the steel construction described at the beginning can also be dispensed with and thus the at least one overspray-free painting booth can be arranged directly on a floor foundation, which is arranged at the level of the grating of the painting booth with overspray separation. Accordingly, the conveyor for conveying the components to be painted can also be arranged at floor level and in particular directly on the floor foundation, which is also advantageous.

It should be mentioned here that the conveyor can run over the entire length of the paint shop at floor level.

Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged as an application device at floor level, whereas the other painting booths with the atomizers as application devices are arranged in the conventional manner above a paint deposition. In this case, the components to be painted must be lowered or raised as they pass through the painting line. The painting line can run on an upper assembly level, as is known per se from the prior art. If the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is now located at floor level, the components to be painted must be removed from the painting line above and then fed back upwards, which can be done, for example, by means of a lift.

As an alternative, there is also the possibility that the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged to the side of the actual main painting line, which then, however likewise requires the components to be painted to be introduced or discharged.

In one embodiment of the invention, the painting system has a so-called interior painting booth and a so-called exterior painting booth, which are arranged one behind the other along the painting line and are passed through one after the other by the components to be painted. The inner surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in the interior painting booth. In the exterior painting booth, on the other hand, the exterior surfaces of the components to be painted are painted. The wraps around component edges already mentioned above are then optionally painted in the interior painting booth or in the exterior painting booth, so that these painting booths have an extended painting scope.

It should also be mentioned that the painting line preferably has a specific cycle time with which the components to be painted are coated. The cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is then preferably greater than the cycle time of the main painting line, for example by 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% or 500%. Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is the same as the cycle time or less than the cycle time of the main painting line.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, only rare special finishes or decorative finishes are applied in the paint booth with the overspray-free print heads, ie without the paint deposition, whereas frequent standard paints are painted in the general paint line with the atomizers. In addition, with the overspray-free print heads, primers, Adhesion promoter or a seam sealant (NAD: seam seal) can be applied.

• Eine erste Füllerstation zum Aufbringen einer Füllerschicht im Innenraum des Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Füllerstation mittels eines Zerstäubers (z.B. Rotationszerstäuber) erfolgt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
• Eine zweite Füllerstation zum Aufbringen einer Füllerschicht auf die Außenfläche des Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Füllerstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt, insbesondere mittels eines Drucckopfs.
• Eine erste Trocknungsstation zum Trocknen der Füllerschicht auf dem Bauteil.
• Eine erste Basislackstation zum Aufbringen einer ersten Basislackschicht auf die Innenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Basislackstation mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt, der einen Sprühstrahl abgibt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
• Eine zweite Basislackstation zum Aufbringen der ersten Basislackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Basislackschicht mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt.
• Eine dritte Basislackstation zum Aufbringen einer zweiten Basislackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der dritten Basislackstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators oder mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt.
• Eine zweite Trocknungsstation zum Zwischentrocknen der ersten Basislackschicht und der zweiten Basislackschicht.
• Eine erste Klarlackstation zum Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht im Innenraum des Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Klarlackstation mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt, der einen Sprühnebel des Klarlacks abgibt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
• Eine zweite Klarlackstation zum Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Klarlackstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt, insbesondere mittels eines Druckkopfs.
• Eine dritte Trocknungsstation zum Trocknen der Klarlackschicht.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the painting system has the following painting stations (e.g. painting booths), which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line, so that the components to be painted are conveyed through the stations one after the other in a filler process:

• A first filler station for applying a filler layer in the interior of the component and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first filler station being carried out by means of an atomizer (eg rotary atomizer) and the wraparound also extending to outer surfaces.
• A second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface of the component, the application in the second filler station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, in particular by means of a pressure head.
• A first drying station for drying the filler layer on the component.
• A first basecoat station for applying a first basecoat layer to the inner surface of the component to be painted and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first basecoat station being carried out by means of an atomizer that emits a spray jet and the wraparound also extends to outer surfaces.
• A second basecoat station for applying the first basecoat layer to the outer surface of the component to be painted, the application in the second basecoat layer being carried out by means of an overspray-free applicator.
• A third basecoat station for applying a second basecoat layer to the outer surface of the component to be painted, the application in the third basecoat station takes place by means of an overspray-free applicator or by means of an atomizer.
• A second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat and the second base coat.
• A first clearcoat station for applying a clearcoat layer in the interior of the component and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first clearcoat station being carried out by means of an atomizer that emits a spray of the clearcoat and the wraparound also extends to outer surfaces.
• A second clear lacquer station for applying a clear lacquer layer to the outer surface of the component to be lacquered, the application in the second clear lacquer station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, in particular by means of a print head.
• A third drying station for drying the clear coat.

In another exemplary embodiment of the paint shop according to the invention, on the other hand, a filler-free process is provided. Instead of the filler application described above, a primer or a so-called BC0 = BC zero is optionally used in the first two stations (a basecoat layer that is applied before the actual first basecoat layer, which can be done by means of an overspray-free print head).

In a further exemplary embodiment of the paint shop according to the invention, on the other hand, a so-called “3-wet process” is provided. A filler is optionally applied in a first station, which can be done using a conventional atomizer. It should be mentioned here that a wraparound is required for all layers of paint. The remaining Steps then correspond to the steps described above, except for the character as a 3-wet process.

In a variant of the invention it is provided that a first basecoat layer is applied instead of the filler. A second basecoat layer can then optionally be applied as a topcoat and optionally with a metallic effect. Finally, a clear coat can then be applied. This is also preferably a primerless painting process.

• Aufbringen eines Vorlacks mit einer Füllerfunktion,
• Aufbringen einer ersten Basislackschicht als Decklack,
• Aufbringen einer zweiten Basislackschicht als Decklack,
• Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht.

In a further exemplary embodiment of a filler-free painting process, the following process steps are provided:

• Applying a primer with a filler function,
• Application of a first basecoat layer as a topcoat,
• Application of a second basecoat layer as a topcoat,
• Application of a clear coat.

Furthermore, the painting installation according to the invention is very advantageously suitable for decorative painting. In this case, a basecoat layer can first be applied to the component to be painted, which can be done using a conventional atomizer. The desired decor (e.g. graphics) can then be applied to the component, which can be done using an overspray-free application device. The decor is then protected with a layer of clear lacquer.

Furthermore, the paint booth without the paint deposition comprises an air duct with a supply air duct and an exhaust air duct. The supply air duct can be implemented as a supply air ceiling, while the exhaust air duct can be implemented as an exhaust air floor. Alternatively, the exhaust air duct can have exhaust air ducts on the floor, for example next to the body, under the body or on the cabin wall. The supply air could also come from ducts come to the ceiling. The supply and exhaust air is also necessary without the paint separation, since paint is still being applied to the car. For example, the solvents still have to be removed and the paint has to evaporate.

Figur 1

Eine Querschnittsansicht durch eine herkömmliche Lackieranlage mit einer Lackabscheidung unter der Lackierkabine,

Figur 2A

eine Querschnittsansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Lackierkabine,

Figur 2B

eine Abwandlung von Figur 2A,

Figur 2C

eine Abwandlung von Figur 2A,

Figur 3

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Lackierverfahrens in Form eines Flussdiagramms,

Figur 4

eine Abwandlung von Figur 3,

Figur 5

eine Abwandlung von Figur 3 mit einem 3-Wet-Prozess,

Figur 6

eine andere Variante eines erfindungsgemäßen Lackierprozesses,

Figur 7

eine Abwandlung von Figur 6,

Figur 8

eine weitere Abwandlung, sowie

Figur 9

eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der Lackierung von Umgriffen um Bauteilkanten.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:

Figure 1

A cross-sectional view through a conventional paint shop with a paint deposit under the paint booth,

Figure 2A

a cross-sectional view through a paint booth according to the invention,

Figure 2B

a variation of Figure 2A ,

Figure 2C

a variation of Figure 2A ,

Figure 3

an embodiment of a painting method according to the invention in the form of a flow chart,

Figure 4

a variation of Figure 3 ,

Figure 5

a variation of Figure 3 with a 3-wet process,

Figure 6

another variant of a painting process according to the invention,

Figure 7

a variation of Figure 6 ,

Figure 8

another variation, as well

Figure 9

a schematic representation to explain the painting of wraps around component edges.

Figure 2A shows a cross-sectional view through a painting booth 1 according to the invention, which is partially with the conventional painting booth 1 according to FIG Figure 1 matches, so that to avoid repetition of the description above is referred to, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.

A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is first of all that, instead of the rotary atomizer 9, print heads 11 are used as the application device, which are guided by the painting robots 8. However, the print heads 11 do not emit a spray mist of the paint to be applied, but rather a spatially narrowly limited jet of coating agent and are therefore essentially free of overspray. This offers the advantage that the paint deposition 3 can be dispensed with. Rather, there is only one exhaust air duct 12 below the painting booth 1, through which the downward air flow in the painting booth 1 can be discharged.

This dispensing with the paint separator 3, which is possible according to the invention, in turn enables the steel structure 5 to be dispensed with, so that the painting booth 1 can be mounted almost at floor level.

Figure 2B shows a further modification, so that in order to avoid repetition, reference is made again to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.

A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the conveyor 6 for conveying the motor vehicle body components 7 is arranged directly on the concrete foundation 10 '.

The paint shop according to the invention therefore only has to have a single floor, since no separate floor is required for the paint deposition 3. This in turn enables installation the paint shop in relatively low halls. However, this only applies if only overspray-free application devices are used.

Figure 2C shows a further modification so that, in order to avoid repetition, reference is made again to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.

So shows Figure 2C a variant according to the invention in which an overspray-free paint booth 1 'is connected to the paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray separation). The concrete foundation 10 'of the overspray-free paint booth 1' is arranged at the same height as the grating of the paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray separation).

Figure 3 shows a flow chart to illustrate an embodiment of a painting process according to the invention with a filler.

In a first step S1, a filler is applied in a conventional manner by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted and on the wraparound around component edges.

In a further step S2, a filler is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted, which is done by means of an overspray-free pressure head.

In a next step S3, the motor vehicle body components are then dried.

A step S4 then provides that a first basecoat layer is applied by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components and on the wraparound around component edges.

In a further step S5, a first basecoat layer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, specifically by means of an overspray-free print head.

Step S6 then provides that a second basecoat layer is applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body component by means of an overspray-free print head.

In a step S7, the motor vehicle body components are then dried in between.

A step S8 then provides that a clear lacquer is applied by means of an atomizer onto the inner surfaces and on the wraparound around component edges.

In a further step S9, a clear lacquer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which is done by means of an overspray-free print head.

In a step S10, the motor vehicle body components are then finally dried.

In a variant of this exemplary embodiment, the entire painting line runs through all the painting booths on an upper floor, so that between the painting booths with the atomizers and the painting booths with the overspray-free ones There is no difference in height. The paint booths with the overspray-free print heads can then also have a steel or concrete construction so that these paint booths are on the same level as the other paint booths with the overspray-generating atomizers. The painting booths with the overspray-free print heads can also stand on solid false ceilings and / or without a recess or basement.

In another variant of the invention, on the other hand, the painting booths with the overspray-free print heads are reduced since they do not require paint separation. In this case it is necessary to overcome the difference in height, which is done by means of an outward transfer A or an inward transferring E. This outward transfer A or inward transfer E from the raised painting line or into the raised painting line can, for example, take place in each case by means of a lift.

Figure 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to Figure 3 so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.

A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a primerless painting process. In step S1, therefore, no filler is applied, but rather a primer or a BC0, which can be done by means of a print head. Furthermore, in step S2, either evaporation or intermediate drying takes place.

Otherwise, this painting process is essentially the same as that described above and in Figure 3 painting process shown.

Figure 5 shows a further modification, which again partially with the embodiments according to the Figures 3 and 4th corresponds, so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.

A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a so-called 3-wet process. In the first step, a filler is optionally applied inside and on the wraparound using an atomizer.

In the second step S2, a filler is then applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which can be done by means of an overspray-free print head.

The further method steps again essentially coincide with the method steps described above, so that reference is made to the description above in this regard.

Figure 6 shows a simple further embodiment. In this case, in the first step S1, a first basecoat layer is applied instead of a filler, ie the basecoat layer also has a filler function here. In a second step S2, a second basecoat layer, which can also have a metallic effect, is then applied. Finally, a clear lacquer layer is then applied in a step S3.

Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of a painting process according to the invention. In this case, a primer with a filler function is first applied in a step S1. A first basecoat layer is then applied in a step S2 and a second basecoat layer in a step S3 applied. Finally, a clear lacquer layer is then applied in a step S4.

In the embodiment according to Figure 8 First, a conventional paint system with filler and basecoat is applied using an atomizer. In a step S2, a decoration is then applied, which can be done by means of an overspray-free pressure head. A clear coat is then applied.

Figure 9 shows a simplified and schematic cross-sectional view through a component edge 13 of a component, such as a motor vehicle body component. The component edge 30 is here flanged and sealed with a flanged seam seal 14. The outer surfaces 15 of the motor vehicle body component are coated with a paint layer 21 by an overspray-free print head 16, while the inner surfaces 17 of the component are coated with a paint layer 20 by a conventional atomizer 18. In addition, the component edge 13 is coated by the electrostatic wrap-around with the lacquer layer 19, which is also applied by the atomizer 18.

The coating of the wraparound area and the component edge 13 with the atomizer 18 instead of the print head 16 is advantageous since the coating of extremely strongly curved surfaces with a very small radius of curvature with the print heads 16 has so far been very difficult.

List of reference symbols:

1

Paint booth

2

Upper floor

3

Paint deposition

4th

Lower floor

5

steel construction

6th

Sponsor

7th

Automotive body components

8th

Painting robot

9

Rotary atomizer

10

Concrete foundation

10 '

Concrete foundation

11

Printhead

12th

Exhaust duct

13th

Component edge

14th

Flanged seam sealing

15th

Exterior surfaces

16

Printhead

17th

Interior surfaces

18th

Atomizer

19th

Encroachment

20th

Lacquer layer on inner surfaces

21

Paint layer on external surfaces

E.

Electrostatic field lines

Claims (15)

1. Painting installation for painting components (7) with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, with

   a) at least one first paint booth (1),

   b) an application device (11) arranged in the first paint booth (1), namely a print head (11), for applying the paint to the component (7) located inside the paint booth (1), the application device (11) operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device (11) deposits essentially completely on the component (7) to be coated without overspray,

   c) wherein the painting installation is configured so that outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted can be painted with the overspray-free application device (11),
   characterized in

   d) that the painting installation comprises an atomizer (9) which, in operation, applies a spray mist of the paint, and

   e) that the painting installation is configured so that inner surfaces (17) and wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13) of the components to be painted can be painted with the atomizer (9).
2. Painting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that no paint separation (3) is arranged below the first paint booth (1).
3. Painting installation according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that

   a) the painting installation additionally has at least one second paint booth with at least one overspray-generating atomizer (9) as application device,

   b) the first paint booth (1) with the overspray-free application device (11) is designed for coating outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be coated,

   c) the second paint booth (1) with the overspray-generating atomizer (9) is designed for coating inner surfaces (17) of the components (7) to be coated and/or wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13), and

   d) the first paint booth (1') is arranged laterally next to the second paint booth (1).
4. Painting installation according to one of claims 2 to 3,
   characterized in that

   a) the painting installation has a floor foundation (10) at floor level, the paint booth (1) without the paint separation (3) being arranged essentially at the floor level, and

   b) the first paint booth (1) is arranged directly on the floor foundation (10), without a floor construction which raises the paint booth (1) above the floor height, and

   c) the painting installation has a conveyor (6) which conveys the components (7) to be painted along a conveying path through the first paint booth (1), the conveyor (6) being arranged at floor level, and

   d) the conveyor (6) extends at floor level over the entire length of the painting installation.
5. Painting installation according to one claims 1 to 3,
   characterized by

   a) a floor structure with a lower mounting level and an upper mounting level,

   b) a painting line running on the upper mounting level of the floor structure,

   c) a discharge for discharging the components (7) to be painted from the raised painting line at the upper mounting level into the first paint booth (1) at the floor level, and

   d) an infeed for infeeding the components (7) to be painted from the first paint booth (1) at the floor level into the raised painting line on the upper mounting level.
6. Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

   a) the painting installation has a painting line with a plurality of successive painting stations,

   b) the components (7) to be painted are conveyed by a conveyor (6) along the painting line through the painting stations and are coated in the painting stations.
7. Painting installation according to claim 5, characterised in that

   a) the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) is arranged outside the painting line,

   b) the components (7) to be painted are discharged from the painting line by discharge means into the first paint booth (1) without the paint separation means (3), and

   c) the components (7) to be painted are introduced from the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) into the painting line.
8. Painting installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) is arranged in the painting line.
9. Painting installation according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the wrap-arounds (19) can be painted with an electrostatic paint charge.
10. Painting installation according to Claim 9,
    characterized in that

    a) the inner surfaces (17) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in an interior paint booth (1),

    b) the outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in an exterior paint booth (1), and

    c) the wrap-arounds (19) around the component edges (13) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in the interior paint booth (1) or in the exterior paint booth (1) .
11. Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

    a) the painting line has a specific first cycle time with which the components (7) to be painted are coated, and

    b) the first paint booth (1) without the separation has a specific second cycle time with which the components (7) to be painted are coated, and

    c) the second cycle time is at least 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% or 500% greater than the first cycle time; or

    d) the second cycle time is equal to the first cycle time.
12. Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:

    a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the filler,

    b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7), the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),

    c) a first drying station for drying the filler layer on the component (7),

    d) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be painted and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,

    e) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),

    f) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),

    g) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,

    h) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,

    i) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), and

    j) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.
13. Painting installation according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:

    a) optionally a pre-coat station for applying a pre-coat layer to the component (7), the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),

    b) a first drying station for drying or evaporating the component (7),

    c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,

    d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),

    e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),

    f) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,

    g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,

    h) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), and

    i) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.
14. Painting installation according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:

    a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the filler,

    b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7), the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),

    c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,

    d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),

    e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),

    f) optionally a first drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,

    g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,

    h) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), and

    i) a second drying station for drying the clear coat layer.
15. Painting method for painting components (7) with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, comprising the following steps:

    a) conveying the components (7) by a conveyor (6) along a painting line into a first paint booth (1),

    c) applying a paint to the component (7) to be painted in the first paint booth (1) by means of a substantially overspray-free application device, in particular by means of a print head (11),

    d) wherein outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted are painted with the overspray-free application device (11),
    characterized in that

    e) the painting installation comprises an atomizer (9) which applies a spray mist of the paint,

    f) inner surfaces (17) of the components to be painted ar painted with the atomizer (9) which applies a spray mist of the paint,

    g) wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13) of the components (7) to be painted are painted with the atomizer (9).

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