EP3554719B1 - Coating system and corresponding coating method - Google Patents
Coating system and corresponding coating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3554719B1 EP3554719B1 EP17807870.5A EP17807870A EP3554719B1 EP 3554719 B1 EP3554719 B1 EP 3554719B1 EP 17807870 A EP17807870 A EP 17807870A EP 3554719 B1 EP3554719 B1 EP 3554719B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- station
- painting
- painted
- component
- paint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012215 seam sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B16/00—Spray booths
- B05B16/20—Arrangements for spraying in combination with other operations, e.g. drying; Arrangements enabling a combination of spraying operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
- B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/577—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat some layers being coated "wet-on-wet", the others not
Definitions
- the invention relates to a painting system for painting components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components.
- the invention also relates to a corresponding painting method.
- the application devices usually used are atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers, airmix atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.), which emit a spray of the paint to be applied.
- atomizers e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers, airmix atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.
- the disadvantage of these known atomizers is the fact that only part of the applied paint is deposited on the surface of the motor vehicle body components to be coated, while the rest of the applied paint has to be disposed of as so-called overspray or is deposited on other areas of the component to be coated, where no paint should be deposited.
- a so-called paint separator is located under the actual paint booth, which removes the undesired top spray from the booth air flowing downwards.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a conventional paint shop with a paint booth 1 on an upper level 2 and a paint deposition 3 on a lower level 4.
- the structure of the paint shop with the two superimposed floors 2, 4 requires the paint booth to be raised above the level of the paint deposition 3 a steel structure 5 or alternatively a concrete ceiling with a Cutout, so that the booth air flowing down from the painting booth 1 can enter the paint separator 3 through the grid floor, as indicated schematically by the arrows.
- a conveyor 6 runs at right angles to the plane of the drawing, the conveyor 6 conveying the motor vehicle body components to be painted through the painting system at right angles to the plane of the drawing.
- Multi-axis painting robots 8 are arranged on both sides of the conveyor 6, each of which guides a rotary atomizer 9 as an application device.
- An example of the structure and method of construction of the paint deposition 3 is shown in FIG DE 20 2006 021 158 U1 described. It should also be mentioned that the steel structure 5 rests on a concrete foundation 10.
- a main disadvantage of this known construction of a painting system is the fact that the paint separator 3 is necessary at all, since the paint separator 3 requires water, chemicals, stone dust and / or cardboard filters.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a correspondingly improved painting installation and a corresponding painting method.
- the painting installation according to the invention initially has at least one first painting booth in which the components to be painted are painted by an application device.
- an application device as in the case of the one described at the beginning and in Figure 1 conventional structure of a painting system shown - a rotary atomizer is used, but rather a print head that works essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device is essentially completely deposited on the component to be coated without overspray.
- print heads are known per se from the prior art and are for example in DE 10 2013 002 412 A1 , US 9,108,424 B2 and DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 described.
- the term “print head” used in the context of the invention also serves to differentiate between atomizers which emit a spray of the paint to be applied.
- a print head according to the invention emits a spatially narrowly limited coating agent jet, which can optionally be designed as a droplet jet or as a coating agent jet that is connected in the longitudinal direction of the jet.
- the invention now provides that the complex paint deposition under the first paint booth can be dispensed with.
- the invention not only claims protection for paint shops in which all paint booths without an associated paint deposit is formed. Rather, the invention also claims protection for a painting system with several painting booths, at least one of the painting booths working with an overspray-free print head as an application device and therefore no associated paint separation, while the other painting booths can also use conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers) as application devices .
- conventional atomizers e.g. rotary atomizers
- overspray-free print heads with overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line is advantageous because, for example, so-called wraps around component edges can only be painted poorly with the currently known print heads. It therefore makes sense to continue to paint these areas (e.g. wraparound around component edges) with conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers).
- wrap around creates the paint layer that is created during the electrostatic painting and is deposited in the area of action of the field lines that could not be coated without the action of the field lines.
- the overspray-free print heads are preferably used to paint the outer surfaces of the components to be painted, while the overspray-generating atomizers can be used to paint the inner surfaces of the components to be painted or to paint the above-mentioned wraps around component edges.
- the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads can be arranged at floor level without the steel structure described above, in particular directly on a floor foundation.
- the waiver according to the invention of the paint deposition thus enables the combination of overspray-free print heads With overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line, the steel construction described at the beginning can also be dispensed with and thus the at least one overspray-free painting booth can be arranged directly on a floor foundation, which is arranged at the level of the grating of the painting booth with overspray separation.
- the conveyor for conveying the components to be painted can also be arranged at floor level and in particular directly on the floor foundation, which is also advantageous.
- the conveyor can run over the entire length of the paint shop at floor level.
- the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged as an application device at floor level, whereas the other painting booths with the atomizers as application devices are arranged in the conventional manner above a paint deposition.
- the components to be painted must be lowered or raised as they pass through the painting line.
- the painting line can run on an upper assembly level, as is known per se from the prior art. If the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is now located at floor level, the components to be painted must be removed from the painting line above and then fed back upwards, which can be done, for example, by means of a lift.
- the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged to the side of the actual main painting line, which then, however likewise requires the components to be painted to be introduced or discharged.
- the painting system has a so-called interior painting booth and a so-called exterior painting booth, which are arranged one behind the other along the painting line and are passed through one after the other by the components to be painted.
- the inner surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in the interior painting booth.
- the exterior painting booth on the other hand, the exterior surfaces of the components to be painted are painted.
- the wraps around component edges already mentioned above are then optionally painted in the interior painting booth or in the exterior painting booth, so that these painting booths have an extended painting scope.
- the painting line preferably has a specific cycle time with which the components to be painted are coated.
- the cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is then preferably greater than the cycle time of the main painting line, for example by 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% or 500%.
- the cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is the same as the cycle time or less than the cycle time of the main painting line.
- a filler-free process is provided.
- a so-called “3-wet process” is provided.
- a filler is optionally applied in a first station, which can be done using a conventional atomizer. It should be mentioned here that a wraparound is required for all layers of paint.
- the remaining Steps then correspond to the steps described above, except for the character as a 3-wet process.
- a first basecoat layer is applied instead of the filler.
- a second basecoat layer can then optionally be applied as a topcoat and optionally with a metallic effect.
- a clear coat can then be applied. This is also preferably a primerless painting process.
- a basecoat layer can first be applied to the component to be painted, which can be done using a conventional atomizer.
- the desired decor e.g. graphics
- the decor is then protected with a layer of clear lacquer.
- the paint booth without the paint deposition comprises an air duct with a supply air duct and an exhaust air duct.
- the supply air duct can be implemented as a supply air ceiling, while the exhaust air duct can be implemented as an exhaust air floor.
- the exhaust air duct can have exhaust air ducts on the floor, for example next to the body, under the body or on the cabin wall.
- the supply air could also come from ducts come to the ceiling.
- the supply and exhaust air is also necessary without the paint separation, since paint is still being applied to the car. For example, the solvents still have to be removed and the paint has to evaporate.
- FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view through a painting booth 1 according to the invention, which is partially with the conventional painting booth 1 according to FIG Figure 1 matches, so that to avoid repetition of the description above is referred to, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is first of all that, instead of the rotary atomizer 9, print heads 11 are used as the application device, which are guided by the painting robots 8. However, the print heads 11 do not emit a spray mist of the paint to be applied, but rather a spatially narrowly limited jet of coating agent and are therefore essentially free of overspray. This offers the advantage that the paint deposition 3 can be dispensed with. Rather, there is only one exhaust air duct 12 below the painting booth 1, through which the downward air flow in the painting booth 1 can be discharged.
- FIG. 2B shows a further modification, so that in order to avoid repetition, reference is made again to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the conveyor 6 for conveying the motor vehicle body components 7 is arranged directly on the concrete foundation 10 '.
- the paint shop according to the invention therefore only has to have a single floor, since no separate floor is required for the paint deposition 3. This in turn enables installation the paint shop in relatively low halls. However, this only applies if only overspray-free application devices are used.
- FIG. 2C shows a further modification so that, in order to avoid repetition, reference is made again to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.
- FIG 2C a variant according to the invention in which an overspray-free paint booth 1 'is connected to the paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray separation).
- the concrete foundation 10 'of the overspray-free paint booth 1' is arranged at the same height as the grating of the paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray separation).
- Figure 3 shows a flow chart to illustrate an embodiment of a painting process according to the invention with a filler.
- a filler is applied in a conventional manner by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted and on the wraparound around component edges.
- a filler is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted, which is done by means of an overspray-free pressure head.
- step S3 the motor vehicle body components are then dried.
- a step S4 then provides that a first basecoat layer is applied by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components and on the wraparound around component edges.
- a first basecoat layer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, specifically by means of an overspray-free print head.
- Step S6 then provides that a second basecoat layer is applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body component by means of an overspray-free print head.
- step S7 the motor vehicle body components are then dried in between.
- a step S8 then provides that a clear lacquer is applied by means of an atomizer onto the inner surfaces and on the wraparound around component edges.
- a clear lacquer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which is done by means of an overspray-free print head.
- step S10 the motor vehicle body components are then finally dried.
- the entire painting line runs through all the painting booths on an upper floor, so that between the painting booths with the atomizers and the painting booths with the overspray-free ones There is no difference in height.
- the paint booths with the overspray-free print heads can then also have a steel or concrete construction so that these paint booths are on the same level as the other paint booths with the overspray-generating atomizers.
- the painting booths with the overspray-free print heads can also stand on solid false ceilings and / or without a recess or basement.
- the painting booths with the overspray-free print heads are reduced since they do not require paint separation.
- This outward transfer A or inward transfer E from the raised painting line or into the raised painting line can, for example, take place in each case by means of a lift.
- FIG. 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to Figure 3 so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a primerless painting process.
- step S1 therefore, no filler is applied, but rather a primer or a BC0, which can be done by means of a print head.
- step S2 either evaporation or intermediate drying takes place.
- FIG. 5 shows a further modification, which again partially with the embodiments according to the Figures 3 and 4th corresponds, so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a so-called 3-wet process.
- a filler is optionally applied inside and on the wraparound using an atomizer.
- a filler is then applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which can be done by means of an overspray-free print head.
- Figure 6 shows a simple further embodiment.
- a first basecoat layer is applied instead of a filler, ie the basecoat layer also has a filler function here.
- a second basecoat layer which can also have a metallic effect, is then applied.
- a clear lacquer layer is then applied in a step S3.
- Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of a painting process according to the invention.
- a primer with a filler function is first applied in a step S1.
- a first basecoat layer is then applied in a step S2 and a second basecoat layer in a step S3 applied.
- a clear lacquer layer is then applied in a step S4.
- a conventional paint system with filler and basecoat is applied using an atomizer.
- a decoration is then applied, which can be done by means of an overspray-free pressure head.
- a clear coat is then applied.
- Figure 9 shows a simplified and schematic cross-sectional view through a component edge 13 of a component, such as a motor vehicle body component.
- the component edge 30 is here flanged and sealed with a flanged seam seal 14.
- the outer surfaces 15 of the motor vehicle body component are coated with a paint layer 21 by an overspray-free print head 16, while the inner surfaces 17 of the component are coated with a paint layer 20 by a conventional atomizer 18.
- the component edge 13 is coated by the electrostatic wrap-around with the lacquer layer 19, which is also applied by the atomizer 18.
- the coating of the wraparound area and the component edge 13 with the atomizer 18 instead of the print head 16 is advantageous since the coating of extremely strongly curved surfaces with a very small radius of curvature with the print heads 16 has so far been very difficult.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lackieranlage zur Lackierung von Bauteilen mit einem Lack, insbesondere zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteilen. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein entsprechendes Lackierverfahren.The invention relates to a painting system for painting components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components. The invention also relates to a corresponding painting method.
In modernen Lackieranlagen zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteilen werden als Applikationsgerät üblicherweise Zerstäuber (z.B. Rotationszerstäuber, Luftzerstäuber, Airmix-Zerstäuber, Airless-Zerstäuber, etc.) eingesetzt, die einen Sprühnebel des zu applizierenden Lacks abgeben. Nachteilig an diesen bekannten Zerstäubern ist die Tatsache, dass sich nur ein Teil des applizierten Lacks auf der Oberfläche der zu beschichtenden Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile ablagert, während der Rest des applizierten Lacks als sogenannter Overspray entsorgt werden muss bzw. sich auf anderen Bereichen des zu beschichtenden Bauteils niederschlägt, wo sich kein Lack ablagern soll. Hierzu befindet sich unter der eigentlichen Lackierkabine eine sogenannte Lackabscheidung, die den unerwünschten Oberspray aus der abwärts strömenden Kabinenluft entfernt.In modern painting systems for painting motor vehicle body components, the application devices usually used are atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers, airmix atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.), which emit a spray of the paint to be applied. The disadvantage of these known atomizers is the fact that only part of the applied paint is deposited on the surface of the motor vehicle body components to be coated, while the rest of the applied paint has to be disposed of as so-called overspray or is deposited on other areas of the component to be coated, where no paint should be deposited. For this purpose, a so-called paint separator is located under the actual paint booth, which removes the undesired top spray from the booth air flowing downwards.
Ein Haupt-Nachteil dieses bekannten Aufbaus einer Lackieranlage ist die Tatsache, dass die Lackabscheidung 3 überhaupt erforderlich ist, da die Lackabscheidung 3 Wasser, Chemie, Steinmehl und/oder Kartonfilter benötigt.A main disadvantage of this known construction of a painting system is the fact that the
Nachteilig an diesem bekannten Aufbau einer Lackieranlage ist weiterhin die Tatsache, dass die Stahlkonstruktion 5 erforderlich ist, um die Lackierkabine 1 zu tragen und oberhalb der Lackabscheidung 3 anzuordnen.Another disadvantage of this known construction of a paint shop is the fact that the
Zum technischen Hintergrund der Erfindung ist auch hinzuweisen auf
Ferner ist zum Stand der Technik hinzuweisen auf
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine entsprechend verbesserte Lackieranlage und ein entsprechendes Lackierverfahren zu schaffen.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a correspondingly improved painting installation and a corresponding painting method.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine erfindungsgemäße Lackieranlage bzw. ein erfindungsgemäßes Lackierverfahren gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gelöst.This object is achieved by a painting installation according to the invention or a painting method according to the invention in accordance with the independent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lackieranlage weist zunächst mindestens eine erste Lackierkabine auf, in der die zu lackierenden Bauteile von einem Applikationsgerät lackiert werden. Hierbei wird jedoch als Applikationsgerät nicht - wie bei dem eingangs beschriebenen und in
Derartige Druckköpfe sind an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden beispielsweise in
Die Erfindung sieht nun vor, dass auf die aufwändige Lackabscheidung unter der ersten Lackierkabine verzichtet werden kann. Die Erfindung beansprucht jedoch nicht nur Schutz für Lackieranlagen, bei denen alle Lackierkabinen ohne eine zugehörige Lackabscheidung ausgebildet sind. Vielmehr beansprucht die Erfindung auch Schutz für eine Lackieranlage mit mehreren Lackierkabinen, wobei zumindest eine der Lackierkabinen mit einem Overspray-freien Druckkopf als Applikationsgerät arbeitet und deshalb keine zugehörige Lackabscheidung aufweist, während die anderen Lackierkabinen durchaus auch herkömmliche Zerstäuber (z.B. Rotationszerstäuber) als Applikationsgerät einsetzen können.The invention now provides that the complex paint deposition under the first paint booth can be dispensed with. However, the invention not only claims protection for paint shops in which all paint booths without an associated paint deposit is formed. Rather, the invention also claims protection for a painting system with several painting booths, at least one of the painting booths working with an overspray-free print head as an application device and therefore no associated paint separation, while the other painting booths can also use conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers) as application devices .
Die Kombination von Overspray-freien Druckköpfen mit Overspray-erzeugenden Zerstäubern in einer Lackierstraße ist vorteilhaft, weil sich beispielsweise sogenannte Umgriffe um Bauteilkanten herum mit den derzeit bekannten Druckköpfen nur schlecht lackieren lassen. Es ist deshalb sinnvoll, diese Bereiche (z.B. Umgriffe um Bauteilkanten herum) weiterhin mit herkömmlichen Zerstäubern (z.B. Rotationszerstäuber) zu lackieren. Der Umgriff erzeugt die bei der elektrostatischen Lackierung entstehende Lackschicht, die sich im Wirkungsbereich der Feldlinien abscheidet, die ohne die Einwirkung der Feldlinien nicht beschichtet werden könnten.The combination of overspray-free print heads with overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line is advantageous because, for example, so-called wraps around component edges can only be painted poorly with the currently known print heads. It therefore makes sense to continue to paint these areas (e.g. wraparound around component edges) with conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers). The wrap around creates the paint layer that is created during the electrostatic painting and is deposited in the area of action of the field lines that could not be coated without the action of the field lines.
Die Overspray-freien Druckköpfe dienen dagegen vorzugsweise zur Lackierung von Außenflächen der zu lackierenden Bauteile, während die Overspray-erzeugenden Zerstäuber zur Lackierung von Innenflächen der zu lackierenden Bauteile dienen können oder zur Lackierung der vorstehend erwähnten Umgriffe um Bauteilkanten herum.The overspray-free print heads, on the other hand, are preferably used to paint the outer surfaces of the components to be painted, while the overspray-generating atomizers can be used to paint the inner surfaces of the components to be painted or to paint the above-mentioned wraps around component edges.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lackieranlage kann die erste Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen ohne die vorstehend beschriebene Stahlkonstruktion auf Bodenhöhe angeordnet sein, insbesondere direkt auf einem Bodenfundament. Der erfindungsgemäße Verzicht auf die Lackabscheidung ermöglicht also bei der Kombination von Overspray-freien Druckköpfen mit Overspray-erzeugenden Zerstäubern in einer Lackierstraße auch einen Verzicht auf die eingangs beschriebene Stahlkonstruktion und ermöglicht somit eine Anordnung der mindestens einen Overspray-freien Lackierkabine direkt auf einem Bodenfundament, welches in Höhe des Gitterrostes der Lackierkabine mit Overspray-Abscheidung angeordnet ist. Dementsprechend kann auch der Förderer zur Förderung der zu lackierenden Bauteile auf Bodenhöhe und insbesondere direkt auf dem Bodenfundament angeordnet werden, was ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist.In the painting system according to the invention, the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads can be arranged at floor level without the steel structure described above, in particular directly on a floor foundation. The waiver according to the invention of the paint deposition thus enables the combination of overspray-free print heads With overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line, the steel construction described at the beginning can also be dispensed with and thus the at least one overspray-free painting booth can be arranged directly on a floor foundation, which is arranged at the level of the grating of the painting booth with overspray separation. Accordingly, the conveyor for conveying the components to be painted can also be arranged at floor level and in particular directly on the floor foundation, which is also advantageous.
Hierbei ist zu erwähnen, dass der Förderer über die gesamte Länge der Lackieranlage auf der Bodenhöhe verlaufen kann.It should be mentioned here that the conveyor can run over the entire length of the paint shop at floor level.
Es besteht jedoch alternativ auch die Möglichkeit, dass die erste Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen als Applikationsgerät auf Bodenhöhe angeordnet ist, wohingegen die anderen Lackierkabinen mit den Zerstäubern als Applikationsgerät in der herkömmlichen Weise über einer Lackabscheidung angeordnet sind. In diesem Fall müssen die zu lackierenden Bauteile beim Durchlaufen der Lackierstraße abgesenkt bzw. angehoben werden. Die Lackierstraße kann hierbei auf einer oberen Montageebene verlaufen, wie es an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist. Falls nun die Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen auf der Bodenhöhe angeordnet ist, so müssen die zu lackierenden Bauteile von der oben liegenden Lackierstraße nach unten ausgeschleust und anschließend wieder nach oben eingeschleust werden, was beispielsweise mittels eines Lifts erfolgen kann.Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the first painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged as an application device at floor level, whereas the other painting booths with the atomizers as application devices are arranged in the conventional manner above a paint deposition. In this case, the components to be painted must be lowered or raised as they pass through the painting line. The painting line can run on an upper assembly level, as is known per se from the prior art. If the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is now located at floor level, the components to be painted must be removed from the painting line above and then fed back upwards, which can be done, for example, by means of a lift.
Alternativ besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen seitlich neben der eigentlichen Hauptlackierstraße angeordnet ist, was dann allerdings ebenfalls wieder eine Einschleusung bzw. Ausschleusung der zu lackierenden Bauteile erfordert.As an alternative, there is also the possibility that the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is arranged to the side of the actual main painting line, which then, however likewise requires the components to be painted to be introduced or discharged.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist die Lackieranlage eine sogenannte Innen-Lackierkabine und eine sogenannte Außen-Lackierkabine auf, die entlang der Lackierstraße hintereinander angeordnet sind und von den zu lackierenden Bauteilen nacheinander durchlaufen werden. In der Innen-Lackierkabine werden dabei die Innenflächen der zu lackierenden Bauteile lackiert. In der Außen-Lackierkabine werden dagegen die Außenflächen der zu lackierenden Bauteile lackiert. Die vorstehend bereits erwähnten Umgriffe um Bauteilkanten herum werden dann wahlweise in der Innen-Lackierkabine oder in der Außen-Lackierkabine lackiert, so dass diese Lackierkabinen einen erweiterten Lackierumfang haben.In one embodiment of the invention, the painting system has a so-called interior painting booth and a so-called exterior painting booth, which are arranged one behind the other along the painting line and are passed through one after the other by the components to be painted. The inner surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in the interior painting booth. In the exterior painting booth, on the other hand, the exterior surfaces of the components to be painted are painted. The wraps around component edges already mentioned above are then optionally painted in the interior painting booth or in the exterior painting booth, so that these painting booths have an extended painting scope.
Ferner ist zu erwähnen, dass die Lackierstraße vorzugsweise eine bestimmte Taktzeit aufweist, mit der die zu lackierenden Bauteile beschichtet werden. Die Taktzeit der Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen ist dann vorzugsweise größer als die Taktzeit der Hauptlackierstraße, beispielsweise um 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% oder 500%. Es besteht jedoch alternativ auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Taktzeit der Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen gleich der Taktzeit oder kleiner ist als die Taktzeit der Hauptlackierstraße.It should also be mentioned that the painting line preferably has a specific cycle time with which the components to be painted are coated. The cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is then preferably greater than the cycle time of the main painting line, for example by 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% or 500%. Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the cycle time of the painting booth with the overspray-free print heads is the same as the cycle time or less than the cycle time of the main painting line.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung werden in der Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen, d.h. ohne die Lackabscheidung, nur seltene Sonderlackierungen oder Dekorlackierungen appliziert, wohingegen häufige Standardlackierungen in der allgemeinen Lackierstraße mit den Zerstäubern lackiert werden. Darüber hinaus können in der Lackierkabine mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen auch Primer, Haftvermittler oder eine Nahtabdichtung (NAD: Nahtabdichtung) aufgetragen werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, only rare special finishes or decorative finishes are applied in the paint booth with the overspray-free print heads, ie without the paint deposition, whereas frequent standard paints are painted in the general paint line with the atomizers. In addition, with the overspray-free print heads, primers, Adhesion promoter or a seam sealant (NAD: seam seal) can be applied.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist die Lackieranlage folgende Lackierstationen (z.B. Lackierkabinen) auf, die entlang einer Lackierstraße hintereinander angeordnet sind, so dass die zu lackierenden Bauteile in einem Füller-Prozess nacheinander durch die Stationen gefördert werden:
- Eine erste Füllerstation zum Aufbringen einer Füllerschicht im Innenraum des Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Füllerstation mittels eines Zerstäubers (z.B. Rotationszerstäuber) erfolgt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
- Eine zweite Füllerstation zum Aufbringen einer Füllerschicht auf die Außenfläche des Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Füllerstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt, insbesondere mittels eines Drucckopfs.
- Eine erste Trocknungsstation zum Trocknen der Füllerschicht auf dem Bauteil.
- Eine erste Basislackstation zum Aufbringen einer ersten Basislackschicht auf die Innenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Basislackstation mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt, der einen Sprühstrahl abgibt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
- Eine zweite Basislackstation zum Aufbringen der ersten Basislackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Basislackschicht mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt.
- Eine dritte Basislackstation zum Aufbringen einer zweiten Basislackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der dritten Basislackstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators oder mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt.
- Eine zweite Trocknungsstation zum Zwischentrocknen der ersten Basislackschicht und der zweiten Basislackschicht.
- Eine erste Klarlackstation zum Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht im Innenraum des Bauteils und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum, wobei die Applikation in der ersten Klarlackstation mittels eines Zerstäubers erfolgt, der einen Sprühnebel des Klarlacks abgibt und sich der Umgriff auch auf Außenflächen erstreckt.
- Eine zweite Klarlackstation zum Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht auf die Außenfläche des zu lackierenden Bauteils, wobei die Applikation in der zweiten Klarlackstation mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikators erfolgt, insbesondere mittels eines Druckkopfs.
- Eine dritte Trocknungsstation zum Trocknen der Klarlackschicht.
- A first filler station for applying a filler layer in the interior of the component and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first filler station being carried out by means of an atomizer (eg rotary atomizer) and the wraparound also extending to outer surfaces.
- A second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface of the component, the application in the second filler station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, in particular by means of a pressure head.
- A first drying station for drying the filler layer on the component.
- A first basecoat station for applying a first basecoat layer to the inner surface of the component to be painted and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first basecoat station being carried out by means of an atomizer that emits a spray jet and the wraparound also extends to outer surfaces.
- A second basecoat station for applying the first basecoat layer to the outer surface of the component to be painted, the application in the second basecoat layer being carried out by means of an overspray-free applicator.
- A third basecoat station for applying a second basecoat layer to the outer surface of the component to be painted, the application in the third basecoat station takes place by means of an overspray-free applicator or by means of an atomizer.
- A second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat and the second base coat.
- A first clearcoat station for applying a clearcoat layer in the interior of the component and on the wraparound around component edges, the application in the first clearcoat station being carried out by means of an atomizer that emits a spray of the clearcoat and the wraparound also extends to outer surfaces.
- A second clear lacquer station for applying a clear lacquer layer to the outer surface of the component to be lacquered, the application in the second clear lacquer station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, in particular by means of a print head.
- A third drying station for drying the clear coat.
In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lackieranlage ist dagegen ein füllerloser Prozess vorgesehen. Dabei wird anstelle der vorstehend beschriebenen Füllerapplikation in den beiden ersten Stationen optional ein Vorlack oder ein sogenannter BC0 = BC null (eine Basislackschicht, die vor der eigentlichen ersten Basislackschicht appliziert wird, was mittels eines Overspray-freien Druckkopfs erfolgen kann).In another exemplary embodiment of the paint shop according to the invention, on the other hand, a filler-free process is provided. Instead of the filler application described above, a primer or a so-called BC0 = BC zero is optionally used in the first two stations (a basecoat layer that is applied before the actual first basecoat layer, which can be done by means of an overspray-free print head).
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lackieranlage ist dagegen eine sogenannter "3-Wet-Prozess" vorgesehen. Dabei wird optional in einer ersten Station ein Füller appliziert, was mittels eines herkömmlichen Zerstäubers erfolgen kann. Hierbei ist zu erwähnen, dass ein Umgriff für alle Lackschichten erforderlich ist. Die restlichen Schritte entsprechen dann bis auf den Charakter als 3-Wet-Prozess den vorstehend beschriebenen Schritten.In a further exemplary embodiment of the paint shop according to the invention, on the other hand, a so-called “3-wet process” is provided. A filler is optionally applied in a first station, which can be done using a conventional atomizer. It should be mentioned here that a wraparound is required for all layers of paint. The remaining Steps then correspond to the steps described above, except for the character as a 3-wet process.
In einer Variante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass zunächst eine erste Basislackschicht anstelle des Füllers aufgebracht wird. Anschließend kann dann optional eine zweite Basislackschicht als Decklack und optional mit einem Metallic-Effekt aufgebracht werden. Schließlich kann dann noch eine Klarlackschicht aufgebracht werden. Auch hierbei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen füllerlosen Lackierprozess.In a variant of the invention it is provided that a first basecoat layer is applied instead of the filler. A second basecoat layer can then optionally be applied as a topcoat and optionally with a metallic effect. Finally, a clear coat can then be applied. This is also preferably a primerless painting process.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel eines füllerlosen Lackierprozesses sind folgende Verfahrensschritte vorgesehen:
- Aufbringen eines Vorlacks mit einer Füllerfunktion,
- Aufbringen einer ersten Basislackschicht als Decklack,
- Aufbringen einer zweiten Basislackschicht als Decklack,
- Aufbringen einer Klarlackschicht.
- Applying a primer with a filler function,
- Application of a first basecoat layer as a topcoat,
- Application of a second basecoat layer as a topcoat,
- Application of a clear coat.
Weiterhin eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Lackieranlage sehr vorteilhaft zur Dekorlackierung. Hierbei kann zunächst eine Basislackschicht auf das zu lackierende Bauteil aufgebracht werden, was mittels eines herkömmlichen Zerstäubers geschehen kann. Anschließend kann dann das gewünschte Dekor (z.B. Grafik) auf das Bauteil aufgebracht werden, was mittels eines Overspray-freien Applikationsgerätes geschehen kann. Das Dekor wird anschließend mit einer Klarlackschicht geschützt.Furthermore, the painting installation according to the invention is very advantageously suitable for decorative painting. In this case, a basecoat layer can first be applied to the component to be painted, which can be done using a conventional atomizer. The desired decor (e.g. graphics) can then be applied to the component, which can be done using an overspray-free application device. The decor is then protected with a layer of clear lacquer.
Weiterhin umfasst die Lackierkabine ohne die Lackabscheidung eine Luftführung mit einer Zuluftführung und einer Abluftführung. Die Zuluftführung kann als Zuluftdecke realisiert werden, während die Abluftführung als Abluftboden ausgeführt sein kann. Alternativ kann die Abluftführung Abluftkanäle am Boden aufweisen, z.B. neben der Karosse, unter der Karosse oder an der Kabinenwand. Die Zuluft könnte aber auch aus Kanälen an der Decke kommen. Die Zu- und Abluft ist auch ohne die Lackabscheidung notwendig, da immer noch Lack auf das Auto aufgetragen wird. Beispielsweise müssen die Lösemittel immer noch abgeführt werden und der Lack muss abdunsten.Furthermore, the paint booth without the paint deposition comprises an air duct with a supply air duct and an exhaust air duct. The supply air duct can be implemented as a supply air ceiling, while the exhaust air duct can be implemented as an exhaust air floor. Alternatively, the exhaust air duct can have exhaust air ducts on the floor, for example next to the body, under the body or on the cabin wall. The supply air could also come from ducts come to the ceiling. The supply and exhaust air is also necessary without the paint separation, since paint is still being applied to the car. For example, the solvents still have to be removed and the paint has to evaporate.
Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet oder werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- Eine Querschnittsansicht durch eine herkömmliche Lackieranlage mit einer Lackabscheidung unter der Lackierkabine,
- Figur 2A
- eine Querschnittsansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Lackierkabine,
- Figur 2B
- eine Abwandlung von
Figur 2A , - Figur 2C
- eine Abwandlung von
Figur 2A , Figur 3- ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Lackierverfahrens in Form eines Flussdiagramms,
Figur 4- eine
Abwandlung von Figur 3 , Figur 5- eine
Abwandlung von Figur 3 mit einem 3-Wet-Prozess, Figur 6- eine andere Variante eines erfindungsgemäßen Lackierprozesses,
Figur 7- eine
Abwandlung von Figur 6 , Figur 8- eine weitere Abwandlung, sowie
Figur 9- eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der Lackierung von Umgriffen um Bauteilkanten.
- Figure 1
- A cross-sectional view through a conventional paint shop with a paint deposit under the paint booth,
- Figure 2A
- a cross-sectional view through a paint booth according to the invention,
- Figure 2B
- a variation of
Figure 2A , - Figure 2C
- a variation of
Figure 2A , - Figure 3
- an embodiment of a painting method according to the invention in the form of a flow chart,
- Figure 4
- a variation of
Figure 3 , - Figure 5
- a variation of
Figure 3 with a 3-wet process, - Figure 6
- another variant of a painting process according to the invention,
- Figure 7
- a variation of
Figure 6 , - Figure 8
- another variation, as well
- Figure 9
- a schematic representation to explain the painting of wraps around component edges.
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht zunächst darin, dass als Applikationsgerät anstelle der Rotationszerstäuber 9 Druckköpfe 11 eingesetzt werden, die von den Lackierrobotern 8 geführt werden. Die Druckköpfe 11 geben jedoch keinen Sprühnebel des zu applizierenden Lacks ab, sondern einen räumlich eng begrenzten Beschichtungsmittelstrahl und sind deshalb im Wesentlichen Overspray-frei. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass auf die Lackabscheidung 3 verzichtet werden kann. Vielmehr befindet sich unterhalb der Lackierkabine 1 lediglich ein Abluftkanal 12, durch den die nach unten gerichtete Luftströmung in der Lackierkabine 1 abgeführt werden kann.A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is first of all that, instead of the
Dieser erfindungsgemäß mögliche Verzicht auf die Lackabscheidung 3 ermöglicht wiederum einen Verzicht auf die Stahlkonstruktion 5, so dass die Lackierkabine 1 nahezu auf Bodenhöhe montiert werden kann.This dispensing with the
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, dass der Förderer 6 für die Förderung der Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile 7 direkt auf dem Betonfundament 10' angeordnet ist.A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the
Die erfindungsgemäße Lackieranlage muss also nur eine einzige Etage aufweisen, da keine separate Etage für die Lackabscheidung 3 erforderlich ist. Dies ermöglicht wiederum den Einbau der Lackieranlage in relativ niedrigen Hallen. Allerdings gilt dies nur, wenn ausschließlich overspray-freie Applikationsgeräte eingesetzt werden.The paint shop according to the invention therefore only has to have a single floor, since no separate floor is required for the
So zeigt
In einem ersten Schritt S1 wird hierbei in herkömmlicher Weise ein Füller mittels eines Zerstäubers appliziert und zwar auf Innenflächen der zu lackierenden Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum.In a first step S1, a filler is applied in a conventional manner by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted and on the wraparound around component edges.
In einem weiteren Schritt S2 wird dann auch auf die Außenflächen der zu lackierenden Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile ein Füller aufgebracht, was mittels eines Overspray-freien Drucckopfs erfolgt.In a further step S2, a filler is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components to be painted, which is done by means of an overspray-free pressure head.
In einem nächsten Schritt S3 werden die Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile dann getrocknet.In a next step S3, the motor vehicle body components are then dried.
Ein Schritt S4 sieht dann vor, dass mittels eines Zerstäubers eine erste Basislackschicht aufgebracht wird und zwar auf die Innenflächen der Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum.A step S4 then provides that a first basecoat layer is applied by means of an atomizer, to be precise on the inner surfaces of the motor vehicle body components and on the wraparound around component edges.
In einem weiteren Schritt S5 wird dann auch auf die Außenflächen der Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile eine erste Basislackschicht aufgebracht und zwar mittels eines Overspray-freien Druckkopfs.In a further step S5, a first basecoat layer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, specifically by means of an overspray-free print head.
Der Schritt S6 sieht dann vor, dass auf die Außenflächen des Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteils mittels eines Overspray-freien Druckkopfs eine zweite Basislackschicht aufgebracht wird.Step S6 then provides that a second basecoat layer is applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body component by means of an overspray-free print head.
In einem Schritt S7 werden die Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile dann zwischengetrocknet.In a step S7, the motor vehicle body components are then dried in between.
Ein Schritt S8 sieht dann vor, dass ein Klarlack aufgebracht wird und zwar mittels eines Zerstäubers auf die Innenflächen und am Umgriff um Bauteilkanten herum.A step S8 then provides that a clear lacquer is applied by means of an atomizer onto the inner surfaces and on the wraparound around component edges.
In einem weiteren Schritt S9 wird dann auch auf die Außenflächen der Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile ein Klarlack aufgebracht, was mittels eines Overspray-freien Druckkopfes erfolgt.In a further step S9, a clear lacquer is then also applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which is done by means of an overspray-free print head.
In einem Schritt S10 werden die Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile dann schließlich getrocknet.In a step S10, the motor vehicle body components are then finally dried.
In einer Variante dieses Ausführungsbeispiels verläuft die gesamte Lackierstraße durch alle Lackierkabinen in einer oberen Etage, so dass zwischen den Lackierkabinen mit den Zerstäubern und den Lackierkabinen mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen kein Höhenunterschied auftritt. Dabei können dann auch die Lackierkabinen mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen eine Stahl- oder Betonkonstruktion haben, damit diese Lackierkabinen auf der gleichen Höhenebene liegen wie die anderen Lackierkabinen mit den Overspray-erzeugenden Zerstäubern. Die Lackierkabinen mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen können aber auch auf massiven Zwischendecken und/oder ohne Aussparung oder Unterkellerung stehen.In a variant of this exemplary embodiment, the entire painting line runs through all the painting booths on an upper floor, so that between the painting booths with the atomizers and the painting booths with the overspray-free ones There is no difference in height. The paint booths with the overspray-free print heads can then also have a steel or concrete construction so that these paint booths are on the same level as the other paint booths with the overspray-generating atomizers. The painting booths with the overspray-free print heads can also stand on solid false ceilings and / or without a recess or basement.
In einer anderen Variante der Erfindung sind die Lackierkabinen mit den Overspray-freien Druckköpfen dagegen herabgesetzt, da sie keine Lackabscheidung benötigen. In diesem Fall ist es erforderlich, den Höhenunterschied zu überwinden, was mittels einer Ausschleusung A bzw. einer Einschleusung E erfolgt. Diese Ausschleusung A bzw. Einschleusung E aus der angehobenen Lackierstraße bzw. in die angehobene Lackierstraße kann beispielsweise jeweils mittels eines Liftes erfolgen.In another variant of the invention, on the other hand, the painting booths with the overspray-free print heads are reduced since they do not require paint separation. In this case it is necessary to overcome the difference in height, which is done by means of an outward transfer A or an inward transferring E. This outward transfer A or inward transfer E from the raised painting line or into the raised painting line can, for example, take place in each case by means of a lift.
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, dass es sich hierbei um einen füllerlosen Lackierprozess handelt. In dem Schritt S1 wird deshalb kein Füller appliziert, sondern ein Vorlack oder ein BC0, was mittels eines Druckkopfes geschehen kann. Weiterhin erfolgt in dem Schritt S2 wahlweise ein Abdunsten oder ein Zwischentrocknen.A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a primerless painting process. In step S1, therefore, no filler is applied, but rather a primer or a BC0, which can be done by means of a print head. Furthermore, in step S2, either evaporation or intermediate drying takes place.
Ansonsten stimmt dieser Lackierprozess im Wesentlichen mit dem vorstehend beschriebenen und in
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, dass es sich hierbei um einen sogenannten 3-Wet-Prozess handelt. In dem ersten Schritt wird hierbei optional ein Füller innen und am Umgriff mittels eines Zerstäubers appliziert.A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that it is a so-called 3-wet process. In the first step, a filler is optionally applied inside and on the wraparound using an atomizer.
In dem zweiten Schritt S2 wird dann auf die Außenflächen der Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteile ein Füller appliziert, was mittels eines Overspray-freien Druckkopfes geschehen kann.In the second step S2, a filler is then applied to the outer surfaces of the motor vehicle body components, which can be done by means of an overspray-free print head.
Die weiteren Verfahrensschritte stimmen wieder im Wesentlichen mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahrensschritten überein, so dass diesbezüglich auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird.The further method steps again essentially coincide with the method steps described above, so that reference is made to the description above in this regard.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Die Beschichtung des Umgriffbereichs und der Bauteilkante 13 mit dem Zerstäuber 18 anstelle des Druckkopfs 16 ist vorteilhaft, da die Beschichtung von extrem stark gekrümmten Oberflächen mit einem sehr geringen Krümmungsradius mit den Druckköpfen 16 bisher nur sehr schlecht möglich ist.The coating of the wraparound area and the
- 11
- LackierkabinePaint booth
- 22
- Obere EtageUpper floor
- 33
- LackabscheidungPaint deposition
- 44th
- Untere EtageLower floor
- 55
- Stahlkonstruktionsteel construction
- 66th
- FördererSponsor
- 77th
- KraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteileAutomotive body components
- 88th
- LackierroboterPainting robot
- 99
- RotationszerstäuberRotary atomizer
- 1010
- BetonfundamentConcrete foundation
- 10'10 '
- BetonfundamentConcrete foundation
- 1111
- DruckkopfPrinthead
- 1212th
- AbluftkanalExhaust duct
- 1313th
- BauteilkanteComponent edge
- 1414th
- BördelnahtabdichtungFlanged seam sealing
- 1515th
- AußenflächenExterior surfaces
- 1616
- DruckkopfPrinthead
- 1717th
- InnenflächenInterior surfaces
- 1818th
- ZerstäuberAtomizer
- 1919th
- UmgriffEncroachment
- 2020th
- Lackschicht auf InnenflächenLacquer layer on inner surfaces
- 2121
- Lackschicht auf AußenflächenPaint layer on external surfaces
- EE.
- Elektrostatische FeldlinienElectrostatic field lines
Claims (15)
- Painting installation for painting components (7) with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, witha) at least one first paint booth (1),b) an application device (11) arranged in the first paint booth (1), namely a print head (11), for applying the paint to the component (7) located inside the paint booth (1), the application device (11) operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device (11) deposits essentially completely on the component (7) to be coated without overspray,c) wherein the painting installation is configured so that outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted can be painted with the overspray-free application device (11),
characterized ind) that the painting installation comprises an atomizer (9) which, in operation, applies a spray mist of the paint, ande) that the painting installation is configured so that inner surfaces (17) and wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13) of the components to be painted can be painted with the atomizer (9). - Painting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that no paint separation (3) is arranged below the first paint booth (1).
- Painting installation according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in thata) the painting installation additionally has at least one second paint booth with at least one overspray-generating atomizer (9) as application device,b) the first paint booth (1) with the overspray-free application device (11) is designed for coating outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be coated,c) the second paint booth (1) with the overspray-generating atomizer (9) is designed for coating inner surfaces (17) of the components (7) to be coated and/or wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13), andd) the first paint booth (1') is arranged laterally next to the second paint booth (1). - Painting installation according to one of claims 2 to 3,
characterized in thata) the painting installation has a floor foundation (10) at floor level, the paint booth (1) without the paint separation (3) being arranged essentially at the floor level, andb) the first paint booth (1) is arranged directly on the floor foundation (10), without a floor construction which raises the paint booth (1) above the floor height, andc) the painting installation has a conveyor (6) which conveys the components (7) to be painted along a conveying path through the first paint booth (1), the conveyor (6) being arranged at floor level, andd) the conveyor (6) extends at floor level over the entire length of the painting installation. - Painting installation according to one claims 1 to 3,
characterized bya) a floor structure with a lower mounting level and an upper mounting level,b) a painting line running on the upper mounting level of the floor structure,c) a discharge for discharging the components (7) to be painted from the raised painting line at the upper mounting level into the first paint booth (1) at the floor level, andd) an infeed for infeeding the components (7) to be painted from the first paint booth (1) at the floor level into the raised painting line on the upper mounting level. - Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thata) the painting installation has a painting line with a plurality of successive painting stations,b) the components (7) to be painted are conveyed by a conveyor (6) along the painting line through the painting stations and are coated in the painting stations.
- Painting installation according to claim 5, characterised in thata) the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) is arranged outside the painting line,b) the components (7) to be painted are discharged from the painting line by discharge means into the first paint booth (1) without the paint separation means (3), andc) the components (7) to be painted are introduced from the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) into the painting line.
- Painting installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the first paint booth (1) without a paint separation (3) is arranged in the painting line.
- Painting installation according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the wrap-arounds (19) can be painted with an electrostatic paint charge.
- Painting installation according to Claim 9,
characterized in thata) the inner surfaces (17) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in an interior paint booth (1),b) the outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in an exterior paint booth (1), andc) the wrap-arounds (19) around the component edges (13) of the components (7) to be painted are painted in the interior paint booth (1) or in the exterior paint booth (1) . - Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thata) the painting line has a specific first cycle time with which the components (7) to be painted are coated, andb) the first paint booth (1) without the separation has a specific second cycle time with which the components (7) to be painted are coated, andc) the second cycle time is at least 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300% or 500% greater than the first cycle time; ord) the second cycle time is equal to the first cycle time.
- Painting installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the filler,b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7), the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),c) a first drying station for drying the filler layer on the component (7),d) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be painted and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,e) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),f) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),g) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,h) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,i) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), andj) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.
- Painting installation according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:a) optionally a pre-coat station for applying a pre-coat layer to the component (7), the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),b) a first drying station for drying or evaporating the component (7),c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),f) a second drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,h) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), andi) a third drying station for drying the clear coat.
- Painting installation according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the following stations which are arranged one behind the other along a painting line so that the components (7) to be painted are conveyed successively through the stations:a) a first filler station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the filler,b) a second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7), the application in the second filler station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11),c) a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface (17) of the component (7) to be coated and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which emits a spray jet,d) a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11),e) a third base coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the third base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11) or by means of an atomizer (9),f) optionally a first drying station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second base coat layer,g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component (7) and at the wrap-around around component edges (13), the application in the first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer (9) which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat,h) a second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface (15) of the component (7) to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator (11), in particular by means of a print head (11), andi) a second drying station for drying the clear coat layer.
- Painting method for painting components (7) with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, comprising the following steps:a) conveying the components (7) by a conveyor (6) along a painting line into a first paint booth (1),c) applying a paint to the component (7) to be painted in the first paint booth (1) by means of a substantially overspray-free application device, in particular by means of a print head (11),d) wherein outer surfaces (15) of the components (7) to be painted are painted with the overspray-free application device (11),
characterized in thate) the painting installation comprises an atomizer (9) which applies a spray mist of the paint,f) inner surfaces (17) of the components to be painted ar painted with the atomizer (9) which applies a spray mist of the paint,g) wrap-arounds (19) around component edges (13) of the components (7) to be painted are painted with the atomizer (9).
Priority Applications (1)
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PL17807870T PL3554719T3 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-12-01 | Coating system and corresponding coating method |
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DE102016014953.1A DE102016014953A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-14 | Painting plant and corresponding painting process |
PCT/EP2017/081105 WO2018108567A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-12-01 | Coating installation and corresponding coating method |
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EP3554719B1 true EP3554719B1 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
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EP (1) | EP3554719B1 (en) |
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- 2017-12-01 EP EP17807870.5A patent/EP3554719B1/en active Active
- 2017-12-01 ES ES17807870T patent/ES2880929T3/en active Active
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US20200078814A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
WO2018108567A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
HUE055219T2 (en) | 2021-11-29 |
US20220266285A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
JP6991217B2 (en) | 2022-01-12 |
PL3554719T3 (en) | 2021-10-18 |
EP3554719A1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
JP2020513314A (en) | 2020-05-14 |
DE102016014953A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
US11975345B2 (en) | 2024-05-07 |
ES2880929T3 (en) | 2021-11-26 |
CN110072635B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
MX2019006967A (en) | 2019-08-01 |
CN110072635A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
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