EP3156747B1 - Machine source de chaleur et dispositif de source de chaleur - Google Patents

Machine source de chaleur et dispositif de source de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3156747B1
EP3156747B1 EP15807501.0A EP15807501A EP3156747B1 EP 3156747 B1 EP3156747 B1 EP 3156747B1 EP 15807501 A EP15807501 A EP 15807501A EP 3156747 B1 EP3156747 B1 EP 3156747B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat source
capacity
release control
compressor
source unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15807501.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3156747A1 (fr
EP3156747A4 (fr
Inventor
Hideki Tanno
Kaoru Matsushita
Yuuji Matsumoto
Manabu Yamamoto
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Toshiba Carrier Corp
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Toshiba Carrier Corp
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Publication of EP3156747A4 publication Critical patent/EP3156747A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/003—Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/15—Power, e.g. by voltage or current
    • F25B2700/151—Power, e.g. by voltage or current of the compressor motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator

Definitions

  • Embodiments described herein relate generally to a heat source unit comprising compressors and a heat source apparatus comprising heat source units.
  • a heat source unit which comprises refrigeration cycles each including a compressor, and supplies heat or cold energy obtainable by operations of these refrigeration cycles to a load side (a use side) is known.
  • a heat source unit comprising refrigeration cycles
  • an operating status of any one of the refrigeration cycles is deteriorated and an operating current of a compressor in this refrigeration cycle is abnormally increased, for example, in the case of an imbalance in temperature and amount of air introduced to air heat exchangers of the respective refrigeration cycles.
  • release control for stopping the abnormal increase of the operating current is executed, which causes a decrease in coefficient of performance (COP), i.e., energy efficiency of the heat source unit.
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • Embodiments described herein aim to provide a heat source unit and a heat source apparatus capable of preventing the decrease in the energy efficiency.
  • a heat source unit of Claim 1 comprises a plurality of compressors and a controller.
  • the controller increases capacity of one or more of the compressors except the compressor subjected to the release control by an amount of the capacity reduced by the release control.
  • a heat source apparatus of Claim 3 comprises a plurality of heat source units and a controller.
  • the controller increases capacity of one or more of the heat source units except the heat source unit subjected to the release control by an amount of the capacity reduced by the release control.
  • heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n are connected in parallel via a heat-transfer medium pipe 2a (hereinafter referred to as a water pipe 2a) and a heat-transfer medium pipe 2b (hereinafter referred to as a water pipe 2b).
  • the parallel connection forms a heat source apparatus 1 equipped with the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n as modules.
  • the heat source unit 1a comprises a heat-transfer medium heat exchanger, for example, an aquiferous heat exchanger, heat pump refrigeration cycles including a refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger, and a pump.
  • the heat source unit 1a introduces water (a heat-transfer medium) from the water pipe 2b into the water channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger by an inlet pressure of the pump, heats or cools the introduced water by refrigerant circulating by an operation of each heat pump refrigeration cycle, and supplies the heated or cooled water to the water pipe 2a by a discharge pressure of the pump.
  • the heat source units 1b, ... 1n have the same structure.
  • use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are loads, are connected to the water pipes 2a and 2b extending from the heat source apparatus 1.
  • the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n are connected in parallel via the water pipes 2a and 2b, comprise a use side heat exchanger which executes heat exchange between water from the water pipe 2a and indoor air from an indoor fan, and lets the water flow into the water pipe 2b after the heat exchange.
  • Flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n are provided in branch pipes of the water pipe 2b connected to water outlets of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n.
  • the amounts of water flowing into the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... , 3n are regulated by changing the degrees of opening of the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n regulate.
  • a flow sensor 5 is provided at a point downstream from the branch pipes connected to the water outlets of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n.
  • the flow sensor 5 detects an amount of water Q flowing through the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n.
  • bypass pipe 6 One end of a bypass pipe 6 is connected to a point between where the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n are connected in the water pipe 2a and where the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n are connected in the water pipe 2a.
  • the other end of the bypass pipe 6 is connected to a point downstream from the flow sensor 5 in the water pipe 2b.
  • the bypass pipe 6 causes the water flowing from the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n toward the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n to bypass the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n and be returned to the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n.
  • a flow regulating valve 7 is provided at a midstream portion of the bypass pipe 6.
  • the flow regulating valve 7 is also called a bypass valve.
  • the amount of water flowing into the bypass pipe 6 is regulated by changing the degree of opening of the flow regulating valve 7.
  • a differential pressure sensor 8 is provided as a pressure difference detecting means.
  • the differential pressure sensor 8 detects a difference P between the water pressure on one end of the bypass pipe 6 and the water pressure on the other end of the same (i.e., a difference between water pressures at both ends of the bypass pipe 6).
  • FIG. 2 shows heat pump refrigeration cycles provided in the heat source unit 1a.
  • a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 21 flows into air heat exchangers 23a and 23b via a four-way valve 22.
  • the refrigerant which has passed through the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b flows into a first refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger (heat-transfer medium heat exchanger) 30 via electronic expansion valves 24a and 24b.
  • the refrigerant which has passed through the first refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 30 is drawn into the compressor 21 via the four-way valve 22 and an accumulator 25.
  • the above flowing direction of the refrigerant corresponds to one at the time of a cooling operation (a cold-water generation operation), in which the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b serve as condensers and the first refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 30 serves as an evaporator.
  • a cooling operation a cold-water generation operation
  • the channel of the four-way valve 22 is switched and the flowing direction of the refrigerant is reversed. Accordingly, the first refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 30 serves as a condenser and the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b serve as evaporators.
  • a first heat pump refrigeration cycle is constituted by the compressor 21, the four-way valve 22, the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b, the electronic expansion valves 24a and 24b, the first refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 30, and the accumulator 25.
  • An outdoor fan 26 for introduction of external air is provided near the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b.
  • Temperature sensors 27a and 27b which detect a condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant are attached to refrigerant pipes between the air heat exchangers 23a and 23b and the electronic expansion valves 24a and 24b.
  • a second heat pump refrigeration cycle is constituted by a compressor 41, a four-way valve 42, air heat exchangers 43a and 43b, electronic expansion valves 44a and 44b, a second refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 30, and an accumulator 45
  • a third heat pump refrigeration cycle is constituted by a compressor 51, a four-way valve 52, air heat exchangers 53a and 53b, electronic expansion valves 54a and 54b, a first refrigerant channel of an aquiferous heat exchanger 60, and an accumulator 55
  • a fourth heat pump refrigeration cycle is constituted by a compressor 71, a four-way valve 72, air heat exchangers 73a and 73b, electronic expansion valves 74a and 74b, a second refrigerant channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 60, and an accumulator 75.
  • An outdoor fan 46 for introduction of external air is provided near the air heat exchangers 43a and 43b, an outdoor fan 56 for introduction of external air is provided near the air heat exchangers 53a and 53b, and an outdoor fan 76 for introduction of external air is provided near the air heat exchangers 73a and 73b.
  • Temperature sensors 47a and 47b which detect a condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant are attached to refrigerant pipes between the air heat exchangers 43a and 43b and the electronic expansion valves 44a and 44b, temperature sensors 57a and 57b which detect a condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant are attached to refrigerant pipes between the air heat exchangers 53a and 53b and the electronic expansion valves 54a and 54b, and temperature sensors 77a and 77b which detect a condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant are attached to refrigerant pipes between the air heat exchangers 73a and 73b and the electronic expansion valves 74a and 74b.
  • Each of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 in the heat pump refrigeration cycles has a motor which operates by an alternating voltage supplied from corresponding one of inverters 91, 92, 93 and 94.
  • the capacity of each compressor is changed in accordance with a speed of rotation of the motor.
  • Each of the inverters 91, 92, 93 and 94 rectifies a voltage of a commercial alternating-current power supply 90, converts a direct-current voltage after the rectification into an alternating voltage of a predetermined frequency by switching in accordance with an instruction from a system controller 10 to be described later, and supplies the converted alternating voltage as power to drive the motor of corresponding one of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71.
  • the speed of rotation of the motor of each of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 is changed by changing a frequency (output frequency) F of the output voltage of corresponding one of the inverters 91, 92, 93 and 94. As a result, the capacity of each of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 is also changed.
  • Current sensors 96, 97, 98 and 99 are provided in the power distribution lines between the output terminals of the inverters 91, 92, 93 and 94 and the motors of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71. Each of the current sensors 96, 97, 98 and 99 detects a current Im flowing through the motor of corresponding one of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 as an operating current.
  • An inlet water temperature sensor 9b is provided in the water pipe 2b and an outlet water temperature sensor 9a is provided in the water pipe 2a.
  • the inlet water temperature sensor 9b detects a temperature Twi of water flowing into the heat source unit and the outlet water temperature sensor 9a detects a temperature Two of water flowing from the heat source unit.
  • a pump 80 is provided in a water pipe between the water pipe 2b and the water channel of the aquiferous heat exchanger 60.
  • the pump 80 has a motor which operates by an alternating voltage supplied from an inverter 95.
  • the capacity (lifting height) of the pump 80 is changed in accordance with a speed of rotation of the motor.
  • the inverter 95 rectifies the voltage of the commercial alternating-current power supply 90, converts a direct-current voltage after the rectification into an alternating voltage of a predetermined frequency by switching in accordance with an instruction from a module controller 11a to be described later, and supplies the converted alternating voltage as capacity to drive the motor of the pump 80.
  • the speed of rotation of the motor of the pump 80 is changed by changing a frequency (output frequency) F of the output voltage of the inverter 95. As a result, the capacity of the pump 80 is also changed.
  • the first to fourth heat pump refrigeration cycles are also provided in each of the heat source units 1b, ... 1n.
  • the heat source unit 1a comprises a module controller 11a which controls operations of the first to fourth heat pump refrigeration cycles provided in the heat source unit 1a.
  • the other heat source units 1b, ... 1n also comprise module controllers 11b, ... 11n which control operations of the first to fourth heat pump refrigeration cycles.
  • the module controllers 11a, 11b, ... 11n are connected to the system controller 10 via communication lines.
  • the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n, the flow sensor 5, the flow regulating valve 7 and the differential pressure sensor 8 are also connected to the system controller 10.
  • the system controller 10 executes overall control of the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n, the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n and the flow regulating valve 7.
  • the system controller 10 includes a first control section 101 and a second control section 102.
  • the first control section 101 controls the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated, and the regulation (the degree of opening) of each of the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n, in accordance with the required capacity of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are the loads (i.e., a difference between an indoor air temperature Ta and a preset temperature Ts).
  • the second control section 102 controls the regulation (the degree of opening) of the flow regulating valve 7, in accordance with a flow rate Qt detected by the flow sensor 5.
  • the module controller 11a includes a capacity control section 111, a release control section 112 and a capacity compensation control section 113 as the main function.
  • the capacity control section 111 controls the capacity (operating frequency F) of each of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 such that the water temperature Two detected by the outlet water temperature sensor 9a is equal to a preset target outlet water temperature Twt.
  • the release control section 112 executes release control for reducing the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressor in which the current is abnormally increased.
  • the capacity compensation control section 113 increases the capacity of one or more compressors (in operation) except the compressor in which the release control is executed, by the amount of capacity reduced by the release control.
  • the capacity compensation control section 113 distributes the amount of capacity of one of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 subjected to the release control reduced by the release control, proportionally among one or more compressors (in operation) except the compressor subjected to the release control. Then, the capacity compensation control section 113 increases the capacity of one or more compressors (in operation) except the compressor subjected to the release control by the distributed amounts of the reduced capacity.
  • Each of the module controllers 11b, ... 11n also includes the capacity control section 111, the release control section 112 and the capacity compensation control section 113.
  • the system controller 10 controls the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated, and the regulation (the degree of opening) of each of the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n, in accordance with the required capacity of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are the loads (i.e., the difference between the indoor air temperature Ta and the preset temperature Ts) (step S1).
  • the system controller 10 controls the regulation (the degree of opening) of the flow regulating valve 7 in accordance with the flow rate Qt detected by the flow sensor 5 (step S2). Then, the system controller 10 returns to step S1.
  • control executed by the module controller 11a will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. 5 .
  • the control executed by the module controllers 11b, ... 11n is the same as the control executed by the module controller 11a and thus description is omitted.
  • the module controller 11a controls the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 such that the water temperature Two detected by the outlet water temperature sensor 9a is equal to a preset target outlet water temperature Twt (step S11).
  • the module controller 11a compares the operating current Im of the compressor 21 with the defined value Ims (step S12). If the operating current Im of the compressor 21 is less than the defined value Ims (NO in step S12), the module controller 11a returns to step S11.
  • the following description is based on the assumption that the operating status of the first heat pump refrigeration cycle is deteriorated and the operating current Im of the compressor 21 in the heat source unit 1a is abnormally increased due to an imbalance in the temperature and amount of air introduced to the air heat exchangers of the first to fourth heat pump refrigeration cycles in the heat source unit 1a caused by changes in the installation and ambient conditions.
  • the module controller 11a executes release control for reducing the output frequency F of the inverter 91 by a predetermined value Fa (step S13).
  • the release control the capacity of the compressor 21 is reduced and the operating current Im of the compressor 21 is decreased below the defined value Ims, which can avoid an unnecessary increase in the temperature of electronic devices in the heat source unit 1a.
  • the module controller 11a increases the capacity of one or more operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71) other than the compressor 21 subjected to the release control by the amount of capacity reduced by the release control (step S14).
  • the module controller 11a distributes the amount of capacity of the compressor 21 reduced by the release control proportionally among one or more operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71), and increases the output frequency F of each of one or more inverters (inverter 92, 93 or 94) by a frequency ⁇ F corresponding to the distributed amount of capacity. That is, the capacity of each of the one or more operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71) is increased by the distributed amount of capacity.
  • the module controller 11a determines the distribution ratio based on the rating capacity and the current capacity of each of the operating compressors 41, 51 and 71.
  • the reduction of the capacity of the compressor 21 by the release control can be compensated for by distributing the amount of capacity of the compressor 21 reduced by the release control proportionally among one or more other operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71) and increasing the capacity of each of the one or more operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71) by the distributed amount of capacity.
  • the coefficient of performance (COP), i.e., energy efficiency of the heat source unit 1a is decreased.
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • such a decrease in COP of the heat source unit 1a can be avoided by increasing the capacity of one or more other operating compressors (compressor 41, 51 or 71) and thereby compensating for the reduction of the capacity of the compressor 21 by the release control.
  • step S14 the system controller 10 returns to step S11.
  • the module controller 11a includes a capacity control section 211 and a release control section 212.
  • the capacity control section 211 controls the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 such that the water temperature Two detected by the outlet water temperature sensor 9a is equal to the preset target outlet water temperature Twt.
  • the capacity control section 211 executes control for increasing the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 as appropriate when receiving an instruction to increase the capacity from a capacity compensation control section 203 to be described later.
  • the release control section 212 executes release control for reducing the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressor in which the current is abnormally increased.
  • Each of the module controllers 11b, ... 11n also includes the capacity control section 211 and the release control section 212.
  • the system controller 10 includes a first control section 201, a second control section 202 and a capacity compensation control section 203.
  • the first control section 201 controls the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated, and the regulation (the degree of opening) of each of the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n, in accordance with the required capacity of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are the loads (i.e., the difference between the indoor air temperature Ta and the preset temperature Ts).
  • the second control section 202 controls the regulation (the degree of opening) of the flow regulating valve 7, in accordance with the flow rate Qt detected by the flow sensor 5.
  • the capacity compensation control section 203 instructs the module controllers 11a, 11b, ... 11n of the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to increase the capacity of one or more operating heat source units except one of the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n in which the release control is executed by the amount of capacity reduced by the release control.
  • the capacity compensation control section 203 distributes the amount of capacity of the heat source unit in which the release control is executed reduced by the release control proportionally among one or more operating heat source units except the heat source unit in which the release control is executed. Then, the capacity compensation control section 203 increases the capacity of each of one or more operating heat source units except the heat source unit in which the release control is executed by the distributed amount of capacity.
  • control executed by the module controller 11a will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. 8 .
  • the control executed by the module controllers 11b, ... 11n is the same as the control executed by the module controller 11a and thus description is omitted.
  • the module controller 11a controls the capacity (operating frequency F) of the compressors 21, 41, 51 and 71 such that the water temperature Two detected by the outlet water temperature sensor 9a is equal to the preset target outlet water temperature Twt (step S21).
  • the module controller 11a compares the operating current Im of the compressor 21 with the defined value Ims (step S22). If the operating current Im of the compressor 21 is less than the defined value Ims (NO in step S22), the module controller 11a returns to step S21.
  • the following description is based on the assumption that the operating status of the first heat pump refrigeration cycle is deteriorated and the operating current Im of the compressor 21 in the heat source unit 1a is abnormally increased due to an imbalance in the temperature and amount of air introduced to the air heat exchangers of the first to fourth heat pump refrigeration cycles in the heat source unit 1a caused by changes in the installation and ambient conditions.
  • the module controller 11a executes release control for reducing the output frequency F of the inverter 91 by the predetermined value Fa (step S23).
  • the release control the capacity of the compressor 21 is reduced and the operating current Im of the compressor 21 is decreased below the defined value Ims, which can avoid an unnecessary increase in the temperature of electronic devices in the heat source unit 1a.
  • the system controller 10 controls the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated, and the regulation (the degree of opening) of each of the flow regulating valves 4a, 4b, ... 4n, in accordance with the required capacity of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are the loads (i.e., the difference between the indoor air temperature Ta and the preset temperature Ts) (step S31).
  • the system controller 10 also controls the regulation (the degree of opening) of the flow regulating valve 7 in accordance with the flow rate Qt detected by the flow sensor 5 (step S32).
  • the system controller 10 monitors the execution of release control in the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n (step S33). If no release control is executed in the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n (NO in step S33), the system controller 10 returns to step S31.
  • the system controller 10 increases the capacity of one or more operating heat source units (one of heat source units 1b, ... 1n) other than the heat source unit 1a in which the release control is executed, by the amount of capacity reduced by the release control (step S34).
  • the system controller 10 distributes the amount of capacity of the heat source unit 1a reduced by the release control proportionally among one or more other operating heat source units (one of heat source units 1b, ... 1n) and notifies the result of distribution to the module controllers (one of module controllers 11b to 11n) of the one or more operating heat source units (one of heat source units 1b, ... 1n).
  • the system controller 10 determines the distribution ratio based on the rating capacity and the current capacity of each of the heat source units 1b to 1n.
  • the module controller 11b of the heat source unit 1b increases the capacity of one or more operating compressors in the heat source unit 1b by the amount of capacity distributed to the heat source unit 1b in the capacity control of step S21.
  • the module controller 11b distributes the amount of capacity distributed to the heat source unit 1b proportionally among one or more operating compressors in the heat source unit 1b and increases the operating frequency F of each of the one or more operating compressors by a frequency ⁇ F corresponding to the distributed amount of capacity. That is, the total capacity of one or more operating compressors in the heat source unit 1b is increased by the capacity distributed to the heat source unit 1b.
  • the module controllers 11c to 11n of the other operating heat source units 1c to 1n also execute the same control as the module controller 11b of the heat source unit 1b when notified of the distribution.
  • the reduction of the capacity of the heat source unit 1a by the release control can be compensated for by distributing the amount of capacity of the heat source unit 1a reduced by the release control proportionally among one or more other operating heat source units 1b to 1n and increasing the capacity of each of the one or more heat source units 1b to 1n by the distributed amount of capacity.
  • the coefficient of performance (COP), i.e., energy efficiency of the heat source apparatus 1 is decreased.
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • step S34 the system controller 10 returns to step S31.
  • the reduction of the capacity by the release control is compensated for by increasing the capacity of the other operating compressors, but may be compensated for by changing a speed of rotation of each of the outdoor fans 26, 46, 56 and 76. Otherwise, the reduction may be compensated for by both the increase in the capacity of the compressors and the change in the speed of rotation of each of the outdoor fans 26, 46, 56 and 76.
  • the module controller 11a obtains a pinch point which is a difference between an outdoor air temperature To and a condensation temperature Tc of refrigerant in each of the air heat exchangers 23a to 73b (i.e., a temperature detected by each of the temperature sensors 27a to 77b), and controls the speed of rotation of each of the outdoor fans 26 to 76 such that the pinch points are uniform.
  • This control of the speed of rotation can also be used for increasing the capacity.
  • the same control of the speed of rotation is executed by the other module controllers 11b to 11n.
  • each of the above embodiments was described by referring to the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n each comprising four heat pump refrigeration cycles and two aquiferous heat exchangers as an example.
  • the numbers of heat pump refrigeration cycles and aquiferous heat exchangers of each heat source unit can be selected as required.
  • the system controller 10 which controls the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated in accordance with the required capacity of the use side devices 3a, 3b, ... 3n which are the loads (i.e., the difference between the indoor air temperature Ta and the preset temperature Ts).
  • the system controller 10 can control the number of heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n to be operated in accordance with the required capacity of the heat source apparatus 1 calculated from water temperatures detected by the inlet water temperature sensors 9b and the outlet water temperature sensors 9a of the heat source units 1a, 1b, ... 1n and the target outlet water temperature Twt.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Unité de source de chaleur comprenant :
    plusieurs compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) ; et
    un régulateur (11a),
    caractérisée en ce que,
    lorsqu'un courant de fonctionnement de l'un quelconque des compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) est anormalement augmenté, le régulateur (11a) est configuré pour réaliser une commande de relâchement pour réduire la capacité du compresseur (21, 41, 51, 71) dans lequel le courant de fonctionnement est anormalement augmenté,
    lorsque la commande de relâchement pour réduire la capacité de l'un quelconque des compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) est exécutée, le régulateur (11a) est configuré pour augmenter la capacité d'un ou plusieurs des compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) à l'exception du compresseur (21, 41, 51, 71) soumis à la commande de relâchement d'une quantité de la capacité réduite par la commande de relâchement, et
    le régulateur (11a) est configuré pour distribuer une quantité de la capacité du compresseur (21, 41, 51, 71) soumis à la commande de relâchement réduite par la commande de relâchement proportionnellement parmi un ou plusieurs des compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) à l'exception du compresseur (21, 41, 51, 71) soumis à la commande de relâchement, et augmenter la capacité d'un ou plusieurs des compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71) à l'exception du compresseur (21, 41, 51, 71) soumis à la commande de relâchement des quantités distribuées de la capacité.
  2. Unité de source de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de plus plusieurs cycles de réfrigération incluant les compresseurs (21, 41, 51, 71), respectivement.
  3. Appareil de source de chaleur comprenant :
    plusieurs unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) ; et
    un régulateur (10),
    caractérisé en ce que
    chacune des unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) inclut au moins un compresseur (21), et lorsqu'un courant de fonctionnement du compresseur est anormalement augmenté, exécute une commande de relâchement pour réduire la capacité du compresseur (21),
    lorsqu'une commande de relâchement pour réduire la capacité de l'une quelconque des unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) est exécutée, le régulateur (10) est configuré pour augmenter la capacité d'une ou plusieurs des unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) à l'exception de l'unité de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) soumise à la commande de relâchement d'une quantité de la capacité réduite par la commande de relâchement ;
    le régulateur (10) est configuré pour distribuer la quantité de la capacité de l'unité de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) soumise à la commande de relâchement réduite par la commande de relâchement proportionnellement parmi une ou plusieurs des unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) à l'exception de l'unité de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) soumise à la commande de relâchement, et
    le régulateur (10) est configuré pour augmenter la capacité d'une ou plusieurs des unités de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) à l'exception de l'unité de source de chaleur (la, 1b,... 1n) soumise à la commande de relâchement des quantités distribuées de la capacité.
EP15807501.0A 2014-06-10 2015-06-10 Machine source de chaleur et dispositif de source de chaleur Active EP3156747B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2014119614 2014-06-10
PCT/JP2015/066750 WO2015190525A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-10 Machine source de chaleur et dispositif de source de chaleur

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CN111442489B (zh) * 2020-03-27 2021-12-14 上海美控智慧建筑有限公司 空调设备的控制方法和系统、空调设备和可读存储介质

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WO2015190525A1 (fr) 2015-12-17
EP3156747A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
EP3156747A4 (fr) 2018-01-17
JP6303004B2 (ja) 2018-03-28
KR20170018890A (ko) 2017-02-20
KR101895175B1 (ko) 2018-09-04
JPWO2015190525A1 (ja) 2017-04-20

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