EP3137651B1 - Behandlungsvorrichtung und behandlungsverfahren zum beizen und phosphatieren von metallteilen - Google Patents

Behandlungsvorrichtung und behandlungsverfahren zum beizen und phosphatieren von metallteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3137651B1
EP3137651B1 EP15702495.1A EP15702495A EP3137651B1 EP 3137651 B1 EP3137651 B1 EP 3137651B1 EP 15702495 A EP15702495 A EP 15702495A EP 3137651 B1 EP3137651 B1 EP 3137651B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
treatment
substance
volume
treatment substance
proportion
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EP15702495.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3137651A1 (de
Inventor
Joachim SCHÖNBERG
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Rio Verwaltungs AG
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Rio Verwaltungs AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/04—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly acid liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
    • C23G1/06—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates according to claim 1 to a treatment apparatus for single-stage treatment of objects and according to claim 10 to a treatment method for at least pickling and phosphating a metallic treatment article.
  • Previous treatment systems for phosphating objects require a variety of steps, in particular 7 steps, and for this purpose have a variety of different baths.
  • the object is first inserted into a first bath, in which a first liquid is provided for degreasing the article. After degreasing, the article must be pumped out of the first bath and into a second bath. In the second bath, a rinsing liquid is provided for rinsing the article. After rinsing, the article is conveyed to a third bath.
  • the third bath is filled with a hydrochloric acid / sulfuric acid mixture.
  • the article After the hydrochloric acid / sulfuric acid treatment, the article is successively conveyed into two further baths each filled with a rinsing liquid for rinsing the article. Furthermore, the article is conveyed after the last rinse in a bath for passivation. After passivation, the article is phosphated and then conveyed to another location for drying.
  • the highly toxic and environmentally harmful chemicals in the degreasing baths and in the treatment baths must be completely changed after about 6 to 8 weeks of production time, because the chemicals are worn out after this time and sludge must be removed from the baths. This means a shutdown of the system and high replacement and disposal costs.
  • Hydrogen embrittlement usually occurs through the penetration and incorporation of hydrogen into a metal grid and can result in material fatigue. Hydrogen embrittlement occurs when the metal surface, either through hydrogen corrosion or another chemical reaction in metal processing involving hydrogen, produces atomic hydrogen, which binds to the material more quickly than it does at the material surface diffusible H 2 molecules Strukturgt together. Part of the hydrogen is stored in the metal grid or accumulates at defects or at the grain boundary. Depending on the load of the respective object, eg by the initiation of tensile and / or load voltages, there is a risk of material failure.
  • EP 0974682 A1 discloses a method for single-stage pickling and phosphating of metal surfaces as well as the corresponding treatment device.
  • the treatment device according to the invention in particular a bath installation, preferably comprises a treatment container for receiving the treatment object and for receiving a flowable treatment substance, and a pumping device for exchanging at least a portion of the treatment substance, wherein at least a part of the treatment object, in particular the entire treatment object, of the treatment substance is flowed around, wherein the treatment substance is a phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution, in particular phosphoric acid, wherein the phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution on the one hand from water and the other from a Reaction substance consists, wherein the reaction substance of phosphorus or a phosphate and an additional treatment effect improving substance, wherein the proportion of the phosphorus or the phosphate to the reaction substance is at least 95% (volume percent), wherein the reaction substance has no proportions
  • the treatment substance does not have to be exchanged and disposed of every 6-8 weeks, since the treatment device according to the invention provides a system structure in which the used chemistry is constantly cleaned.
  • the treatment device according to the invention provides a system structure in which the used chemistry is constantly cleaned.
  • the required number of changes of the treatment substance per year to less than 4 changes, especially to 2 or to less than 2 changes, to 1 or to less than 1 change, is reducible.
  • the treatment substance is replaced only when there is a predetermined concentration of dissolved iron in the treatment substance, wherein an exchange preferably takes place only at a dissolved iron concentration of more than 2%.
  • the articles of treatment need only be dipped in the treatment substance, the treatment substance must act and dry after removal of the article of treatment from the bath.
  • a protective layer is formed after drying on the treatment objects by the high-purity phosphorus or the high-purity phosphate, so that they are protected over a longer period, in particular several weeks before further Ausbefall, this being without the required according to the prior art Passivation and subsequent phosphating takes place, and wherein in particular the resulting protective layer is far superior to the phosphating according to the prior art.
  • This solution is also advantageous because the treatment substance is incombustible, the use of the treatment substance does not exceed MAK values (Maximum Workplace Concentration) and no corrosive vapors are caused, thus requiring no suction.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the treatment effect enhancement substance (s) used provides significant protection of the material and does not compromise weldability.
  • Yet another advantage is the versatility of the present invention. It can e.g. used for pretreatment and post-treatment in hardening shops, or it can be used to remove the oxide layer on aluminum. Furthermore, they can be avoided during the galvanic reworking of castings efflorescence. The savings on putty in the removal of casting skin is therefore considerable. Furthermore, e.g. Hydraulic pipes and pipelines can be pickled directly on construction sites in a single operation without the need for rinsing and neutralizing.
  • the treatment device according to the invention preferably also preferably effects the degreasing and / or derusting and / or descaling and / or preserving and / or descaling of the treatment article.
  • treatment objects can preferably be treated purely by way of example: metal parts, such as aluminum parts, iron parts, cast iron parts, wire, steel parts, copper parts or parts of alloys, polymer parts, such as plastic parts or rubber parts, etc., especially vehicle frames, pipes, machine parts, turbocharger parts, housing, car parts , Hydraulic parts, cast steel parts, turbine parts.
  • metal parts such as aluminum parts, iron parts, cast iron parts, wire, steel parts, copper parts or parts of alloys
  • polymer parts such as plastic parts or rubber parts, etc.
  • the percentages with regard to the invention apply as volume percent.
  • the percentages and temperatures in ° C with respect to the invention refer to the ambient pressure or normal pressure, if nothing different arises from the subject of the invention, and further, the information in ° C accordingly for Kelvin be valid.
  • those skilled in the art are not going to further explain the physical units of the invention with respect to the overall disclosure of the invention, but if one physical parameter should be modified, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the resulting changes in the other physical Adjust sizes accordingly, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the preferable temperature of the treating substance is preferably higher than 0 ° C, especially higher than or equal to 5 ° C, higher than or equal to 10 ° C, higher than or equal to 15 ° C, higher than or equal to 17 ° C, higher than or equal to 20 ° C, higher or equal to 25 ° C, higher than or equal to 30 ° C, higher than or equal to 35 ° C, higher than or equal to 37 ° C, higher than or equal to 40 ° C, preferably between 20 ° C and 60 ° C and most preferably between 30 ° and 50 ° C.
  • the temperature of the treatment substance is a heating of the treatment substance, but it is also conceivable that the temperature represents a cooling.
  • the treatment substance can be temporarily heated and temporarily cooled by the tempering device.
  • the tempering device is preferably designed as an electrical heating device, electrical cooling device and / or as a heat exchanger system.
  • the work flow can be controlled.
  • the acceleration factor may be 20: 20Cx6. This means that the subject of the treatment can be made stainless with a 20 ° C treatment lasting 2 hours or with a treatment at 40 ° C lasting 20 minutes.
  • a particularly preferred operating temperature range is 35 ° C to 45 ° C, this temperature range is advantageous because a suction is not necessary because no corrosive - or harmful to health vapors. However, it is conceivable that a suction is provided when e.g. the working space is extremely low or if the work space is not to be ventilated.
  • the phosphorus-containing and phosphate-containing solution preferably consists of fully descaled water and the reaction substance, the proportion of reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water being between 1: 4 and 1: 7, the proportion of reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water being preferred 1: 6, when the reaction substance is in a solid state or wherein the proportion of reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water is preferably 1: 5, when the reaction substance is in a liquid state.
  • the reaction substance further has no proportions of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, lead, mercury and selenium, so that the device according to the invention works without harmful or environmentally harmful substances or substances.
  • the pumping device is preferably designed as a circulating pump and preferably causes a circulation of the treatment substance within the treatment container.
  • a pump device is provided for generating a weir flow.
  • One or more nozzles are preferably coupled to the pumping device, through which the treatment substance is dispensed, in particular, into treatment containers, in particular for bath circulation.
  • the treatment container is preferably executable in any size.
  • the treatment tank has an inside, i. on the side in contact with the treatment substance, a material or a mixture of materials which is not attacked by the treatment substance.
  • Preferred materials here include, among others, stainless steel, GVP, PVC.
  • GVP stainless steel
  • PVC polyvinyl styrene
  • a filter device for filtering the treatment substance, wherein filtering removes impurities from the treatment substance which accumulate in the treatment substance. It is advantageous that the treatment substance can be continuously or temporarily cleaned or treated in the treatment tank.
  • the treatment container is coupled to at least two receiving spaces, wherein a first receiving space is a buffer receiving space preferably formed below the processing container for receiving a certain amount of the treatment substance, and wherein a second receiving space is a temperature control space preferably formed laterally of the treatment container is, wherein the temperature control device is at least partially disposed in the Temper michsraum.
  • the first recording space or buffer space may be e.g. serve to provide a desired volume of the treatment substance.
  • the first receiving space or the buffer space is used for receiving or depositing sediments.
  • the sediments may be e.g. Parts or particles that detach from the treatment objects during the treatment.
  • the tempering space is preferably arranged laterally next to the treatment tank, as this can provide a very good accessibility to the tempering device. Furthermore, however, it is alternatively also conceivable that the tempering device in the first receiving space or in the buffer space, i. below the treatment container, is formed or arranged. This embodiment is advantageous in that the individual portions of the treatment substance can reach different functional areas or receiving spaces and the main receiving space, without damage to devices formed or arranged in one or more receiving areas, such as the tempering device, being possible by collision with the subject of treatment ,
  • the treatment container is separated according to the present invention by a wall of a collecting space for collecting over the wall flowing treatment substance, wherein the treatment substance collected in the collecting space is conveyed back by means of a conveyor, in particular by means of the pumping device via a feed line into the treatment vessel. It is advantageous that the particles accumulating on the surface of the treatment substance and detached from the object of treatment and / or foam forming on the surface of the treatment substance and / or other material concentrations can be diverted from the treatment tank and can preferably be fed to the filter device.
  • the pumping device and the filter device according to the present invention form a component of the delivery line and the conveyed treatment substance is conveyed through the filter device by or by means of the pumping device. It is advantageous, as a result of this arrangement, that the pumping device effects the delivery of the treatment substance through the filter device and at least partially a circulation of the treatment substance in the treatment container.
  • the delivery line is designed in such a way that through the treatment substance conveyed back into the treatment container, a weir flow for discharging part of the treatment substance out of the treatment container and into the collection space can be produced.
  • a pumping device the promotion of the treatment substance through the filter device, at least partially a circulation of the treatment substance in the treatment container and the creation of a Wehrströmung is effected.
  • a metering device for adjusting the composition of the treatment substance, wherein the treatment substance consists of a mixture of several components.
  • the metering device is indirectly coupled to one or more sensor devices directly or via a control device, the sensor devices preferably monitoring or analyzing the composition of the treatment substance and / or monitoring the volume or the remaining quantity or the filling level in the treatment container existing treatment substance allows or allow.
  • the metering device compensates losses by adding the appropriate amount of treatment substance lost, in particular evaporation and / or immersion losses are bleached out.
  • the addition of the components which form the treatment substance, in particular of deionized water, the reaction substance and the treatment effect improving substance, is preferably carried out by the metering device.
  • the addition of the components forming the treatment substance preferably takes place in a fixed ratio, in particular in the ratio in which the individual components also in the treatment container provided or in any other fixed relationship.
  • the treatment substance to be added is already added in the form of a finished mixture or finished solution.
  • the sensor device may preferably be used as a device for performing a titration, i. be designed for concentration determination.
  • concentration determination i. be designed for concentration determination.
  • the metering and introduction of substances into the treatment substance is effected partially, temporarily or always manually.
  • the proportion of reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water is between 1: 4 and 1: 7, wherein the proportion of reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water is preferably 1: 6, if the reaction substance in a solid state is mixed with the deionized water, or wherein the proportion of the reaction substance to the proportion of deionized water is preferably 1: 5, when the reaction substance is mixed in a liquid state with the deionized water.
  • the losses are also replaced in a fixed ratio of several substances.
  • the preferred substance (s) here is thus flowable, in particular liquid, or solid reaction substance (s), which are preferably mixed with a diluent substance, such as e.g. Water, especially desalted or distilled water or Vollentkalktem water (deionized water), is / are mixed.
  • a diluent substance such as e.g. Water, especially desalted or distilled water or Vollentkalktem water (deionized water
  • Preferred mixing ratios between the reaction substance and the diluting substance, in particular demineralized water are further hereby e.g. 1: 2; 1: 3, 1: 4; 1: 5; 1: 5.5; 1: 6; 1: 6.5; 1: 7.5; 1: 8; 1: 8.5; 1.
  • an admixture of a mixture or solution of one or more additional substances, in particular one or more liquids, in particular demineralized water, and / or one or more preferably soluble additives to the treatment substance takes place.
  • an additional substance in particular for pickling degreasing and / or defoaming, to be added to the treatment substance.
  • the additional substance with about 0.5% to 10%, in particular with 1% to 5%, of the volume of the treatment substance of the treatment substance is buried.
  • demineralized water is preferred in this case, as this substantially or consistent surface quality is obtained on the treatment objects.
  • pickling remover is advantageous because by adding it to the treating substance, contaminants such as light fatty deposits, debris, oil, coal and graphite can be removed in the same operation.
  • the treatment substance according to the present invention is a solution containing phosphorus or phosphate, in particular phosphoric acid, the phosphorus content or the phosphate content of the solution being highly pure, i. has a purity of more than 95% by volume, in particular more than 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% and preferably more than 99.5%. Due to the purity of the phosphorus content or the phosphate content of the treatment substance according to the invention, it has almost no impurities, so that a corresponding protective layer is formed on the treatment object.
  • the pH of the reaction substance is preferably substantially 1, the density of the reaction substance is preferably 1.8 at a temperature of 20 ° C. and the flash point of the reaction substance is preferably 280 ° C. or preferably higher than 280 ° C.
  • the treatment substance preferably comprises deionized water and, in addition to the demineralized water, it prefers a reaction substance in an amount of 1-10%, especially 3-5%, of the amount of VE -Wassers.
  • the exposure time i. the time the treatment object is exposed to the treatment substance in the treatment container is preferably 0.5 min. to 20 min. and particularly preferably 1 min. to 10 min.
  • the reaction substance here preferably consists of phosphoric acid and inhibitors.
  • the treatment substance has an additive substance for pickling degreasing or such an additive substance is added to a treatment substance
  • the etching agent additive preferably comprises an aqueous solution of nonionic biodegradable surfactants and inhibitors, in particular but-2-in-1 , 4-diol, and wherein the pickle degreaser with a volume of 0.5% to 7% of the volume of the phosphorus- or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance is added.
  • the treatment substance has an additional substance for defoaming, the defoamer additive preferably having triisobutyl phosphate and the defoamer addition of the treatment substance having a volume of from 0.01% to 5%, in particular with a volume of 0.1%. to 1%, the volume of the phosphorus- or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance or with a volume of 0.01% to 5%, in particular with a volume of 0.1% to 1%, of the volume of the offset with the pickle degreaser phosphorus - or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance is added.
  • the defoamer additive preferably having triisobutyl phosphate
  • the defoamer addition of the treatment substance having a volume of from 0.01% to 5%, in particular with a volume of 0.1%. to 1%, the volume of the phosphorus- or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance or with a volume of 0.01% to 5%, in particular with a volume of 0.1%
  • a control device controls the temperature control device such that the treatment substance is heated to a target temperature or a target temperature profile and / or wherein the control device controls the pumping device such that the treatment substance with a target flow rate or a target flow characteristic is promoted, and / or the control device controls the filter device such that the filtered portion of the treatment substance has a target purity, and / or the control device controls the metering device such that a target composition of the treatment substance is adjustable.
  • the treatment device one or more oil separation system / s, ultrasonic system / s, high-pressure system / s, turning and lifting device / s and / or Vollentkalktes-water supply system / e has.
  • a degreasing bath in particular for degreasing the articles of treatment with unusually high fat content, may be provided, in particular upstream of the treatment tank.
  • the treatment substance in the degreasing bath may preferably be heated to a temperature higher than that is the preferred operating temperature or treatment temperature of the treatment substance in the treatment tank.
  • the temperature in the degreasing bath is preferably greater than 50.degree. C., in particular greater than 52.degree. C. and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 60.degree.
  • This embodiment is advantageous since only very heavily oiled or greased treatment objects can be introduced into a degreasing bath suitable for degreasing.
  • the temperature of the preferably 50 ° C heated to above degreasing bath preferably does not have to be permanently or only temporarily effected. Furthermore, the formation of water vapor in the region of the treatment container of the treatment device according to the invention can be prevented if the temperature of the treatment substance is below a threshold temperature, in particular below 52 ° C., or is not heated above this threshold temperature.
  • the invention further relates to a treatment process for at least pickling and phosphating a metallic article according to claim 10.
  • the method of the invention comprises the steps of providing a treatment container for receiving at least one article of treatment and for receiving a flowable treating substance, wherein no further treatment vessel for degreasing and phosphating is used, the introduction of the treatment substance into the treatment container and the introduction of the treatment object in the treatment container at least partially filled treatment container for contacting the treatment object with the treatment substance, wherein the contact between the treatment substance and the treatment subject at least one cleaning and phosphating the treatment article is effected, wherein the treatment substance is a phosphorus or phosphate-containing Solution, in particular phosphoric acid, wherein the phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution consists of a Vollentkalktem water and on the other hand of a reaction substance, wherein the reaction substance of phosphorus or a phosphate and an additional treatment effect improving substance, wherein the proportion of the phosphorus or of the phosphate the reaction substance is at least 95% by
  • the treatment method according to the invention is advantageous because a closed circuit is created which does not require a rinsing process and thus does not require conveying the article into a sink. Furthermore, the inventive method is the highest advantageous because it allows, in particular compared to mechanical treatment methods, a very thorough, gentle and rapid treatment of the subject of the treatment. This solution is also advantageous because the treatment substance is incombustible, the use of the treatment substance does not exceed MAK values (Maximum Workplace Concentration) and no corrosive vapors are caused, thus requiring no suction.
  • MAK values Maximum Workplace Concentration
  • the treatment articles remain more than 5 minutes, in particular more than 10 minutes and preferably between 20 minutes and 120 minutes, in particular between 30 minutes and 90 minutes, together with the treatment substance in the treatment container.
  • the process according to the invention particularly preferably has the effect that the treatment object is exposed to the treatment substance such that degreasing and / or descaling and / or preserving and / or decalcifying of the treatment object takes place in addition to the pickling and phosphating.
  • a non-porous protective layer is produced on the surface of the treatment article by means of the treatment substance, in particular by means of the reaction substance, with prevention of hydrogen embrittlement, the protective layer having a thickness of at least 2 ⁇ m and preferably of at least 3 ⁇ m.
  • the nonporous protective layer protects the subject of the treatment from oxygen and water, so that rusting is effectively prevented.
  • the protective layer in particular a phosphate layer, in particular an iron phosphate layer, preferably results from the treatment method according to the invention, in particular after a drying time of 3 hours to 48 hours, in particular from 6 hours to 24 hours, in the ambient air or after a drying time of approx 5 minutes to 60 minutes, in particular of about 20 minutes, in an oven at 70 ° C to 150 ° C, in particular at about or 100 ° C, on the material surface of the object to be treated (in particular of iron or normal steel).
  • the resulting protective layer is preferably between 2 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, in particular more than or exactly 3 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m or 5 ⁇ m, thick.
  • the protective layer particularly preferably has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and preferably of 3 ⁇ m to 8 .mu.m, and more preferably from 4 .mu.m to 6 .mu.m.
  • the protective layer preferably has no or essentially no pores and is therefore particularly preferably pore-free.
  • the protective layer is elastic and particularly preferably adapts to temperature fluctuations of -60 ° C. to 750 ° C. and more preferably from -40 ° C. to 680 ° C., without flaking off, the protective layer preferably having a high flexural capability, in particular from to to 180 ° or more than 180 ° (eg iron bars).
  • the protective layer can be an excellent basis for a further treatment, in particular a color treatment, which, for example, can follow the process of the invention.
  • the protective layer preferably reacts neutrally and does not enter into any chemical connections with hydraulic fluids. Further extremely important advantages of the method according to the invention are that no rusting of the treatment objects takes place through the protective layer and, during pickling, material removal of preferably less than 10 g / m 2, in particular less than 5 g / m 2, and particularly preferably less than or equal to 2.24 g / sqm is done.
  • the treatment method according to the invention preferably also has the step of tempering the treatment substance which can be pre-stored in the treatment container and / or the step of generating a flow of at least part of the treatment substance, wherein at least a part of the treatment object is flowed around by the treatment substance.
  • a tempering of the treatment substance vorhaltbaren in the treatment container by means of a temperature control device, wherein the temperature of the treatment substance is set defined by means of the temperature control device, and wherein by means of a pumping means, a flow for moving at least a portion of the treatment substance at least a part of the treatment object is flowed around by the treatment substance.
  • the treatment substance is filtered according to the present invention, wherein by filtering impurities are removed from the treatment substance, which have accumulated in the treatment substance.
  • the treatment container is separated according to the present invention by a wall of a collecting space for collecting treatment substance flowing over a wall, wherein the treatment substance collected in the collecting space is conveyed back by means of a conveyor, or by means of the pumping device via a feed line into the treatment vessel.
  • the pump device and the filter device form part of the delivery line and the conveyed treatment substance is conveyed by the pump device through the filter device.
  • the delivery line is designed in such a way that through the treatment substance conveyed back into the treatment container, a weir flow is generated for discharging part of the treatment substance out of the treatment container and into the collection space.
  • the composition of the treatment substance is controlled by means of a metering device, wherein the treatment substance consists of a mixture of several components.
  • the treatment substance is an additive for pickling degreasing and / or an additive substance for defoaming
  • the pickling agent additive preferably an aqueous solution of non-ionic biodegradable surfactants and inhibitors, in particular but-2-in-1, 4 -diol
  • the pickling fat additive is added with a volume of 0.5% to 7% of the volume of the phosphorus- or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance
  • the defoamer additive preferably triisobutyl phosphate and wherein the defoamer addition of the treatment substance with a volume of 0.1% to 1% of the volume of the phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution or with a volume of 0.1% to 1% of the volume of the Beizentfetterzusatz offset phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution or the treatment substance is added.
  • the temperature control device is controlled by means of a control device such that the treatment substance is heated to a target temperature or a target temperature profile and / or the pump device is controlled by the control device in such a way that the treatment substance is conveyed with a target flow velocity or a target flow characteristic and / or by means of the control device, the filter device is controlled such that the filtered portion of the treatment substance has a target purity, and / or by means of the control device, the metering device is controlled such that a target composition of the treatment substance is adjustable.
  • the use of the words "substantially” preferably defines a deviation in the range of 1% -30%, in particular of 1% -20%, in particular of 1% -10, in all cases in which these words are used in the context of the present invention %, in particular from 1% -5%, in particular from 1% -2%, of the definition that would be given without the use of these words.
  • a treatment device 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the treatment device 1 is used for treatment, in particular for degreasing, pickling, phosphating, descaling, preserving and de-rusting, one or more articles to be treated 2.
  • the article 2 to be treated is preferably introduced from above into a treatment container 4 of the treatment device 1.
  • the treatment container 4 is preferably at least partially and particularly preferably completely filled with a treatment substance 6.
  • a tempering device 8 for tempering, in particular for heating, the treatment substance 6 is preferably provided.
  • at least one pumping device 10 is preferably provided for circulating the treatment substance 6 and / or for creating a weir flow 20 and / or for returning the treatment substance 6 that has emerged from the treatment container 4 back into the treatment container 4.
  • the treatment container 6 is separated by a wall 12 of a collecting space 14. Due to the flow created in the treatment tank 4, treatment liquid 6 exits the treatment tank 4 via the wall 12 and thus enters the catchment space 14. However, it is also conceivable that the treatment substance or liquid 6 can be introduced into the treatment area 2 by introducing the treatment object 2 Treatment chamber 4 undergoes such a displacement that a part of the treatment substance 6 emerges from the treatment container 4 via the wall 12.
  • the reference numeral 16 denotes a delivery line, by means of which the treatment substance 6 discharged from the treatment tank 4 is conveyed back into the treatment tank 4. In the region of the delivery line 16 or in the delivery line 16 or as part of the delivery line 16, a filter device 18 for filtering or processing the treatment substance 6 is preferably arranged.
  • the pumping device 10 or a further pumping device is arranged or formed in the course of the delivery line 16.
  • a pumping filter device can be provided which either replaces a pumping device and / or a filter device or can be designed in addition thereto.
  • the treatment container 4 preferably has at least one main receiving space 22, a first secondary receiving space 24 and a second secondary receiving space 26.
  • the individual receiving spaces 22, 24, 26 are in this case, for example, by grids 27, in particular in each case a grid, separated from each other.
  • the grille 27 prevents the object of treatment 2 from entering one of the secondary receiving spaces 24, 26.
  • the reference numeral 28 denotes a nozzle, by means of which a flow of the treatment substance 6 can be generated.
  • Fig. 2 shows the off Fig.1 known representation, wherein the treatment object 2 is arranged in accordance with this illustration in the treatment tank 4 and thereby is in contact with the treatment substance 6.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment variant of a treatment device 1 according to the invention, in particular for Drahtcoil treatment.
  • Treatment device 1 shown has, by way of example, a receiving bag 40, which preferably carries a plurality of wire coils 39 to be treated.
  • the receiving bag 40 is arranged on a delivery point 41, wherein preferably a plurality of receiving bag 40 and several delivery points 41 are provided.
  • the treatment device 1 preferably has a plurality of, in particular 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more, treatment baths 42.
  • a treatment bath 42 are preferably, in particular at the same time, a plurality, in particular 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more, wire coils 39 at the same time introduced for treatment.
  • the reference numeral 43 denotes a preferably purely optional device, namely a fixing bath. It is conceivable here that a plurality of wire coils 39, in particular 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or more, can be introduced at the same time into a fixing bath 43. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a plurality of fixing baths 43 are provided.
  • the treated wire coils 39 can be arranged at a removal point 44 for removal.
  • the treated wire coils 39 are preferably conveyed to the respective removal point 44 with a transport device 45, in particular a dolly or a rail-guided gantry crane. Furthermore, several devices for supplying, regulating and controlling the treatment device 1 are preferably provided.
  • a pressure belt filter device 46 for example, a pressure belt filter device 46, a metering device 47, a VE water treatment device 48, a control device 49, a further pressure belt filter device 50, a storage tank for treatment tank 51 and a plurality of side channel compressor 52, in particular 8 pieces on.
  • the metering device 47 is preferably automated and particularly preferably has a buffer tank with a volume of preferably more than 5m 3 , more preferably more than 10m 3 and most preferably more or exactly 20m 3 .
  • Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a treatment device according to the invention 1.
  • the treatment device 1 is preferably designed L-shaped, ie, it comprises a treatment tank 4, wherein the treatment tank 4, a first interior portion, which extends Favor perpendicular to a second interior portion has.
  • an interior portion is longer than the other interior portion, which is also conceivable that the interior parts are the same length or in the Are essentially the same length.
  • the illustrated design allows eg bent elements, such as pipes.
  • the treatment container 4 preferably has at least or exactly one wall 12, wherein an area into which the treatment objects to be treated are introduced is separated from a collecting space 14 by the wall 12.
  • the collecting space 14 is preferably used for collecting over the wall 12 from the treatment chamber exiting treatment substance.
  • the reference numeral 10 denotes a pumping device, in particular for generating a flow within the treatment substance to be introduced into the treatment space.
  • the reference numeral 18 denotes a filter device 18 for filtering or treating the treatment substance.
  • a movement or flow of the treatment substance is by means of nozzles 28a, 28b and 29a, 29b, 29c (see. Fig. 5 ) causes, from which the pumped by means of the pumping device 10 treatment substance is pumped into the treatment chamber.
  • the housing 61 surrounds or houses the nozzles 29a-29c.
  • three rows with 2 nozzles 28a, 28b and three rows with three nozzles 29a, 29b, 29c are provided, wherein it is also conceivable that exactly or at least one nozzle 28 and / or 29 is provided.
  • the nozzles 28 are inclined to the nozzles 29 aligned, in particular aligned at right angles.
  • Reference numeral 60 denotes a Hauptabsaug effet, by means of the outlets 57a-57g (see. Fig. 7 ) Treatment substance discharged from the treatment room, in particular aspirated, is.
  • the discharged treatment substance is preferably processed by means of the filter device 18 and conveyed by means of the pumping device 10 via the nozzles 28 and 29 back into the treatment space.
  • the treatment apparatus 1 may preferably be dimensioned such that a footprint of 5100 mm ⁇ 3800 mm is required.
  • the treatment device 1 comprises a bath volume of substantially, up to, at least or exactly 14m 3 .
  • the useful volume of the treatment device 1 according to the invention is preferably 3400 mm ⁇ 3000 mm ⁇ 1500 mm and the height of the overflow to the upper edge is preferably 200 mm.
  • Fig. 5 shows a further view of the aforementioned embodiment of the treatment device according to the invention 1.
  • the nozzles 29a-29c and the 3x3 nozzle arrangement is preferably housed in a pocket 61 in a wall of the treatment container 4, preferably the Nutz operation not to disturb or not to interfere.
  • the nozzles 28a-28b are also housed in a pocket in another wall of the treatment tank 4, preferably not to disturb the useful surface or not to affect.
  • the pockets 61 are preferably provided with a not shown ramming protection to avoid damaging the internals.
  • a further filter device 19 is shown, wherein the further filter device 19 is preferably designed as a coarse filter.
  • the treatment substance to be treated is first aspirated from the treatment container, then fed to the further filter device 19, then passed through the pump 10, then passed through the filter device 18, which may be preferably designed as a bag filter, and then back via the nozzles 28, 29 conveyed into the treatment tank.
  • the illustration shows that the bottom of the treatment container 4 with respect to the horizontal inclined surface portions 53, 54, 55, 56 has.
  • the surface portions 53-54 and 55-56 are each arranged such that they form a linear contact area with each other in the region of a low point considered with respect to a vertical direction.
  • the contact region is preferably at a level below a contact region between the outer wall of the container extending in the vertical direction and the respective surface portion or bottom portion 53, 54.
  • the surface portions or base portions 53, 54 and 55, 56 thus preferably form channels through which the treatment substance and dirt particles are directed to one or more outlets.
  • the surface portions 53-56 are preferably oriented with an inclination of 2 ° to 25 ° and more preferably with an inclination of 6 ° to 15 ° and most preferably with an inclination of substantially or exactly 10 ° with respect to the horizontal.
  • the reference numeral 8 denotes a preferably provided temperature control device.
  • the tempering device 8 preferably has 8 electrical heating elements, in particular 2 KW.
  • the heating elements are preferably also accommodated in the pocket 61 in the wall in order not to disturb or impair the preferably required effective area.
  • Fig. 6 shows in particular a detailed representation of the pocket 61, in which the nozzles 29a-29c and the temperature control device 8 are preferably arranged.
  • Fig. 7 shows the resulting from the mutually inclined bottom portions 53, 54 and 55, 56 of the treatment vessel 4 resulting first portion of a channel 62 and the resulting second portion 63 of the channel.
  • the channel preferably also extends into the collecting space 14.
  • outlets 57a-57f in particular a plurality of outlets, are provided for discharging or for aspirating the treatment substance out of the treatment space.
  • at least one outlet 57g for discharging or aspirating the treatment substance out of the collecting space 14 is preferably provided in the collecting space 14.
  • the outlets 57a-57g are preferably in fluid communication with the main suction line 61 via connecting lines.
  • a grating which preferably aligned horizontally or at right angles to the side walls of the treatment container 4 aligned the bottom 53, 54, 55, 56 of the treatment space superimposed, wherein the grate is spaced to the ground, in particular more than 20 mm and preferably more is spaced apart as 50 mm and more preferably more than 100 mm, wherein the grid is particularly preferably spaced at most 500 mm from the bottom of the treatment container.
  • the grille preferably performs the function of spacing a treatment object introduced into the treatment room from the floor of the treatment room, whereby particles detached from the treated treatment objects can accumulate below the treatment object and extraction of these particles is always possible.
  • Fig. 8 shows the Hauptabsaug réelle 60 and a portion of the connecting pipes 58a-58g, through which the outlets 57a-57g are connected to the Hauptabsaugtechnisch 60.
  • the total suction line preferably consisting of at least the connection tubes 58a-58g and the main line 60 is preferably designed to be removable. This is particularly advantageous for a cleaning of the individual parts of the Monabsaug Arthur.
  • Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of the underside of the treatment device according to the invention 1. This representation can be found in particular connected to the outlets and the Hauptabsaug effet connecting pipes 58a-58g.
  • FIGS. 4 to 9 shown treatment apparatus 1 according to the invention.
  • the present invention relates to a treatment device 1 for single-stage treatment of a metallic object 2, the treatment comprising at least the pickling and the phosphating of the article 2, wherein the treatment device 1 comprises at least the following devices: a treatment container 4 for receiving the article 2 to be treated and for receiving a flowable treatment substance 6, and a pump device 10 for exchanging at least a portion of the treatment substance 6, wherein at least a part of the treatment object 2, in particular the entire treatment object 2, is flowed around by the treatment substance 6, wherein the treatment substance 6 is a phosphorus or phosphate-containing solution, in particular phosphoric acid, wherein the phosphorus- or phosphate-containing solution consists firstly of water and on the other hand of a reaction substance, wherein the reaction substance of phosphorus ode r is a phosphate and an additional treatment effect improving substance, wherein the proportion of the phosphorus or the phosphate to the reaction substance is at least 95 vol.%, Wherein the reaction substance has no proportions of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
EP15702495.1A 2014-04-30 2015-02-04 Behandlungsvorrichtung und behandlungsverfahren zum beizen und phosphatieren von metallteilen Not-in-force EP3137651B1 (de)

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DE102014006315 2014-04-30
PCT/EP2015/052326 WO2015165600A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-02-04 Behandlungsvorrichtung und behandlungsverfahren zum beizen und phosphatieren von metallteilen

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BR (1) BR112016025403A2 (es)
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US10513784B2 (en) 2019-12-24
CN106460185A (zh) 2017-02-22
RU2016146713A (ru) 2018-05-30
RU2691443C2 (ru) 2019-06-13
CA2947370A1 (en) 2015-11-05
DE102015005521A1 (de) 2015-11-05
CL2016002754A1 (es) 2017-02-03
CN106460185B (zh) 2020-02-21
WO2015165600A1 (de) 2015-11-05
DE102015005521B4 (de) 2017-02-09
US20170051414A1 (en) 2017-02-23
KR20160149226A (ko) 2016-12-27
RU2016146713A3 (es) 2018-10-26
BR112016025403A2 (pt) 2017-08-15
EP3137651A1 (de) 2017-03-08
MX2016014200A (es) 2017-05-03
JP2017514997A (ja) 2017-06-08

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