Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
  • F02P7/02—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of distributors
  • F02P7/03—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of distributors with electrical means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P3/00—Other installations
  • F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
  • F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an ignition system for a
• the present invention relates to an ignition system for internal combustion engines, to which increased
• GB717676 shows a step-up transformer for an ignition system in which a controlled via a vibration switch circuit part is used in the manner of a boost converter to supply a spark generated by the step-up transformer with electrical energy.
• WO 2009/106100 A1 shows a circuit arrangement constructed in accordance with a high-voltage capacitor ignition system, in which energy stored in a capacitor is applied to the primary side of a capacitor
• Transformers and on the other hand is passed via a bypass with a diode on a spark gap.
• US 2004/000878 A1 shows an ignition system in which a secondary-side accumulator comprising a plurality of capacitors is charged in order to supply a spark generated by means of a transformer with electrical energy.
• WO9304279 A1 shows an ignition system with two energy sources.
• Energy source transfers electrical energy via a transformer to a
• Spark gap while the second energy source between a secondary side terminal of the transformer and the electrical ground is arranged.
• ignition systems for internal combustion engines are based on a high-voltage generator, for example a step-up transformer, by means of which energy originating from the vehicle battery or a generator is converted to high voltages, by means of which
• Spark gap is supplied to combustible mixture in the
• Upstream current transformer interrupted abruptly, whereupon the energy stored in the magnetic field of the step-up transformer discharges in the form of a spark.
• ignition systems are known in the prior art which have a plurality of spark events in succession in order to increase the probability of the presence of an ignitable mixture at the location of one of the spark events.
• High voltage generator is comparatively large and thus expensive and takes up much space.
• Electrodes of the spark gap are eroded. In this case, such a high current to ensure a spark is physically not required. Only the required duration of the spark strike is ensured in this way by accepting the disadvantages described above.
• the aforementioned object is achieved by an ignition system and a method for generating and maintaining a spark.
• the invention also has
• a high voltage generator such as a
• a step-up transformer having a primary side connected to a power source and a secondary side connected to a spark gap. Also the principle functioning of the
• High voltage generator corresponds to that known from the prior art, and therefore need not be further explained.
• a spark gap likewise known from the prior art, is provided, which is set up to conduct a current transmitted by the high-voltage generator to the secondary side.
• the spark gap can, for example, in a
• a bypass is provided according to the invention, which can transmit electrical energy from the electrical energy source at the high voltage generator to the secondary side.
• bypass is a variety of possible circuits conceivable, of which individual will be discussed in more detail below.
• the bypass is set up, an arc generated by the high voltage generator over the
• the ignition system is set up, electrical energy to
• a controlled pulse sequence can in the context of the present invention, for example, a
• Voltage signal are understood, which has been adjusted via a control signal in terms of its pulse-pause ratio and / or in terms of its fundamental frequency to current operating conditions.
• the pulses may be superimposed on a DC voltage, as occurs for example when using a boost converter.
• the level of the voltage can be based, for example, on an electrical quantity, which information about an operating state at the spark gap gives (eg electricity and / or
• the controlled pulse train can be used to keep the sparking energy of a spark in a predefined range and, in particular, to prevent a spark from being interrupted at the spark gap.
• spark duration can preferably be generated between 0.5 ms to 5 ms in the event of spark currents, preferably within the limits of 30 mA to 100 mA of different polarity (polarity of the voltage supply).
• the high voltage generator is configured as a step-up transformer and has a primary coil on the primary side and a secondary coil on the secondary side. Both coils may be magnetically coupled together by means of a transformer core (e.g., sheet iron).
• the bypass is adapted to transmit an electrical voltage in addition to the step-up transformer, which extends to one above the secondary coil of the
• the high voltage generator may be configured as a high voltage capacitor ignition (HCC) system.
• HCC high voltage capacitor ignition
• bypass one or (advantageously for
• a plurality of energy storage devices preferably one or more capacitors, connected in series and / or in parallel, contain capacitances whose first connection is connected to a secondary-side connection of the high-voltage generator is and whose second terminal is connected to the electrical ground, in particular, an inductance between the power source and the capacitance is switchable.
• the bypass provides a secondary-side energy storage, by means of which the decaying electrical signal can be supported in the secondary coil of the high voltage generator from a predefined time or from a predefined current.
• an inductance between the power source and the capacitor may be switchably provided to charge the capacitor.
• the capacitance and the inductance form a resonant circuit, by means of which a temporary increase in the electrical potential at the first terminal of the capacitance is possible.
• a discharge of the stored energy in the inductance on the capacitance can be provided at suitably selected switching times very high voltages without the required energy within a
• a non-linear dipole for example in the form of a diode, can be provided, which has flow direction in the direction of the capacitance. In this way, it is possible to prevent energy from "escaping" from the capacitance in the direction of the inductance when the switch is closed.
• diode is referred to as a non-linear dipole, this is done for reasons of brevity and readability It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that voltages may sometimes be present across the non-linear dipoles called diode, which may be multiple In this case, each of the diodes can be designed as a Zener diode, if appropriate, a switch contained in response to a signal can be advantageously closed when a predefined first current direction in the nonlinear branch is expected and then opened when a predefined second
• Ratio and / or the drive frequency in this case a high voltage can be generated with very good efficiency.
• a current measuring means for example, between an output terminal of the high voltage generator and the capacitance may be provided, which may be configured for example as a shunt resistor.
• This current measuring means may further e.g. arranged between capacitance and ground or in the path of the diode and thereby be configured to give a signal to a switch in the bypass, so that it can respond to a critical current in the secondary-side mesh.
• an overvoltage protection for example, a diode may be provided parallel to the capacitance, which protects the capacitance against an overvoltage.
• a reverse zener diode can be used to relieve excessively high capacitance.
• the inductance can be configured as a transformer or transformer with a primary side and a secondary side, wherein a first terminal of the primary side is connected to the power source and a second terminal of the primary side is connected via a switch to the electrical ground. Further, a first terminal of the secondary side of
• a method for generating a spark for an internal combustion engine is proposed. This is a spark by means of an energy source
• the spark is maintained by means of controlled pulsed electrical energy, which is transmitted from the energy source via a bypass to the secondary side.
• the electrical energy is used to maintain the
• Coil of the high voltage generator a mesh whose voltage is parallel to the spark gap.
• the electrical energy for maintaining the spark as a controlled pulse sequence in particular in the kilohertz range, preferably between 10 kHz and 100 kHz, are taken from the energy source.
• the kilohertz range preferably between 10 kHz and 100 kHz.
• Figure 1 is a timing diagram for comparison according to the prior
• FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram according to a first embodiment of an ignition system according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram according to a second embodiment of an ignition system according to the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram according to a third embodiment of an ignition system according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a time diagram of the ignition current, that is to say of that current which flows through the spark gap within the secondary-side coil of the step-up transformer as a high-voltage generator.
• a region 103 is marked, within which the current is so high that the
• Electrodes of the spark plug can be damaged by increased erosion.
• the region 104 marks those (low) currents within which a required stability of the arc for igniting ignitable mixture can not be guaranteed.
• a current 100 realized by ignition systems of the state of the art runs after a steep rise up to the region 103 and which jeopardizes the electrodes then substantially linear (approximating an exponential discharge function).
• the energy conducted to the spark gap in accordance with the present invention divides into two energy fractions, which through a current flowing through the step-up transformer for generating a
• FIG. 2 shows a circuit with which the circuit shown in FIG.
• an ignition system 1 which comprises a step-up transformer 2 as a high voltage generator whose primary side 3 from an electrical energy source 5 via a first
• Switch 30 can be supplied with electrical energy.
• the secondary side 4 of the step-up transformer 2 is powered by an inductive coupling of the primary coil 8 and the secondary coil 9 with electrical energy and has a known from the prior art diode 23 for Einschaltfunkenunterd Wegung, which diode may alternatively be replaced by the diode 21.
• a spark gap 6 is provided to ground 14, via which the ignition current i 2 is to ignite the combustible gas mixture.
• a bypass 7 (surrounded by a dot-dash line) is provided between the electric power source 5 and the secondary side 4 of the step-up transformer 2. This is a
• Inductance 15 via a switch 22 and a diode 16 with a capacity 10th connected, one end of which is connected to the secondary coil 9 and the other end to the electrical ground 14.
• the inductance serves as an energy store in order to maintain a current flow.
• the diode 16 is oriented in the direction of the capacitance 10 conductive.
• the structure of the bypass 7 is thus for example comparable to a boost converter.
• the measuring signal to the switch 22 and switch 27 is supplied.
• the switches 22, 27 are arranged to respond to a defined range of the current intensity i 2 through the secondary coil 9.
• the diode 16 facing terminal of the switch 22 is connected via a further switch 27 to the electrical ground 14 connectable.
• a Zener diode 21 is connected in the reverse direction parallel to the capacitor 10.
• switching signals 28, 29 are indicated, by means of which the switches 22, 27 can be controlled. While the switching signal 28 represents switching on and “staying closed” for an entire ignition cycle, the switching signal 29 outlines a simultaneous alternating signal between "closed” and "open".
• the inductance 15 is supplied via the electrical energy source 5 with a current which flows directly into the electrical ground 14 when the switches 22, 27 are closed.
• the switch 27 is open, the current is conducted to the capacitor 10 via the diode 16 and the connection 35.
• the voltage in response to the current in the capacitor 10 adjusting voltage is added to the above
• switch 30 is kept significantly shorter than is the case for the switches 22 and 27.
• FIG. 3 shows in the diagram a a short and steep rise in the
• Diagram b shows the characteristics of the secondary coil current i 2 , as it stands for 2 with (301) and without (300) by-pass as soon as the primary coil current i Z s results due to opening of the switch 30 to 0 and thus the stored in the step-up transformer magnetic energy in the form of an arc above the
• Spark gap 6 discharges, adjusts a secondary coil current i 2 , which rapidly drops to 0 without a bypass (300). In contrast, by a closed switch 22 (see diagram d) and a pulse-shaped
• Spark gap 6 depends and is assumed here for the sake of simplicity of a constant burning voltage. Only after interruption of the bypass 7 by opening the switch 22 and opening the switch 27 now also the secondary coil current i 2 drops to 0 from. From diagram b) it can be seen that the respective trailing edge by a time period t H ß_ a is delayed.
• the total time during which the bypass is used is indicated as t H ss and the time period during which energy is given to the upstream side of the step-up transformer 2 as t.
• the starting time of t H ss opposite t can be chosen variable.
• Figure 4 shows an alternative to Figure 2 alternative embodiment of a
• Circuit of an ignition system 1 according to the present invention. At the entrance of the circuit, in other words at the electrical connection
• a fuse 26 is provided.
• a capacitance 17 is provided parallel to the input of the circuit or parallel to the electric power source 5.
• the inductance 15 has been replaced by a transformer having a primary side 15_1 and a secondary side 15_2, the primary side 15_1 having a primary coil and the secondary side 15_2 having a secondary coil.
• the first connections of the transformer are each with the electrical
• the second connection of the secondary side 15 2 of the Transformer 15 is now connected directly to the diode 16 without a switch. Due to the transmission ratio, a switching operation by the switch 27 in the branch of the primary side 15_1 also acts on the secondary side 15_2. However, since current and voltage according to the gear ratio on one side are higher or lower than on the other side of the transformer 15, can be found for switching operations more favorable dimensions for the switch 27. For example, lower switching voltages can be realized, whereby the dimensioning of the switch 27 is simpler and less expensive.
• the switch 27 is controlled via a drive 24, which is connected via a driver 25 to the switch 27. As shown in Figure 2, a shunt 19 is provided to the secondary side current i 2 and the
• Control 24 a control signal s H ss- On this one hand, the
• FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the circuit presented in FIG. This is a high-voltage diode 33 with flow direction to
• FIG. 6 shows time diagrams for a) the ignition coil current i Z s, b) the bypass current i H ss, c) the output-side voltage across the spark gap 6, d) the
• Diagram b) also illustrates the power consumption of the
• Bypasses according to the invention 7 which comes about by a pulse-shaped control of the switch 27.
• clock rates in the range of several tens of kHz have proven to be suitable as switching frequency, in order to realize appropriate voltages on the one hand and acceptable efficiencies on the other hand.
• the integer multiples of 10,000 Hz in the range between 10 and 100 kHz may be mentioned as possible range limits.
• inventive bypass is processed further. It should be noted that concrete interpretations depend on many circuit-inherent and external constraints. It does not present to the skilled person any unreasonable problems of self-design for his purpose and for the constraints which he has to take into account.
• Ignition system (1) comprising
• At least one high voltage generator (2) each having a primary side (3) and a secondary side (4)
• High voltage generator (2) on the secondary side (4) to carry transmitted power characterized in that
• the high voltage generator (2) has a bypass (7) for transmitting electrical energy to the secondary side (4).
• the high-voltage generator (2) is designed as a step-up transformer and primary side, a primary coil (8) and the secondary side a
• the bypass (7) is adapted to generate a voltage which is added to a voltage lying across the secondary coil (9) or fed in parallel to the secondary coil, and in particular
• An input capacitance (17) is provided parallel to the power source (5).
• bypass (7) contains an energy store (10), for example a capacity, whose
• High voltage generator (2) is connected and whose
• Energy storage (10), preferably switchable, is provided.
• a first non-linear dipole (16), for example in the form of a first diode is provided, which has a flow direction in the direction of the capacity (10), and particularly
• a means for measuring current (19) and / or voltage measurement and / or power measurement, in particular a shunt resistor for measuring the ignition current or the voltage across the energy storage 10, is provided, which is configured, a signal for controlling at least one switch (22 , 27) in the bypass (7) and / or
• Ignition system according to one of the preceding items 3 to 5, wherein the inductance (15) as a transformer with a primary side (15_1) and a secondary side (15_2) is configured, wherein a first terminal of the primary side (15_1) is connected to the power source (5) and a second terminal of the primary side (15_1) is connected to the electrical ground (14) via a switch (27), and
• a first terminal of the secondary side (15_2) is connected to the power source (5) and a second terminal of the secondary side (15_2) is connected to the first non-linear bipole (16).
• bypass (7) comprises a boost converter and / or
• the high-voltage generator (2) is bridged on the secondary side by a third non-linear two-pole (33), in particular in the form of a third diode.
• High voltage generator (2) in particular a step-up transformer, having a primary side (3) and a secondary side (4) on one
• Spark gap (6) is given, characterized by
• the electrical energy for maintaining the spark as electrical voltage in series or parallel to the secondary side (4) of the high voltage generator (2) is coupled, and / or
• the electrical energy for maintaining the spark on a controlled pulse train in particular in the kilohertz range, preferably between 10kHz and 100kHz, from the power source (5) is provided.
• a high voltage generator is provided to generate a spark according to the prior art.
• a bypass is set up to maintain the existing arc over the spark gap.
• a bypass takes energy from, for example, the same energy source as the primary side of the high voltage generator and uses this to support the decaying edge of the transformer voltage and thus to delay its drop below the burning voltage.
• the input of the boost converter is connected in parallel to the electrical energy source, while the output of
• High voltage generator is arranged.
• energy source is in the
• Energy conversion devices include. the DC-DC converters

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2013
  • 2013-09-11 DE DE102013218227.9A patent/DE102013218227A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-09-12 JP JP2015531558A patent/JP2015529775A/ja active Pending
  • 2013-09-12 BR BR112015005472A patent/BR112015005472A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-09-12 WO PCT/EP2013/068908 patent/WO2014041070A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-09-12 US US14/426,514 patent/US9651016B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-09-12 IN IN1853DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN01853A/en unknown
  • 2013-09-12 EP EP13762808.7A patent/EP2895735A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-09-12 CN CN201380047402.0A patent/CN104603450B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-09-12 MX MX2015003121A patent/MX346122B/es active IP Right Grant

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