EP2853843B1 - A refrigerant distributing device, and heat exchanger equipped with such a refrigerant distributing device - Google Patents

A refrigerant distributing device, and heat exchanger equipped with such a refrigerant distributing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2853843B1
EP2853843B1 EP12875000.7A EP12875000A EP2853843B1 EP 2853843 B1 EP2853843 B1 EP 2853843B1 EP 12875000 A EP12875000 A EP 12875000A EP 2853843 B1 EP2853843 B1 EP 2853843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
chamber
heat exchanger
heat
header
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12875000.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2853843A1 (en
EP2853843A4 (en
Inventor
Takuya Matsuda
Akira Ishibashi
Sangmu Lee
Takashi Okazaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2853843A1 publication Critical patent/EP2853843A1/en
Publication of EP2853843A4 publication Critical patent/EP2853843A4/en
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Publication of EP2853843B1 publication Critical patent/EP2853843B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F25B41/42—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0417—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating/cooling the heat exchange medium at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0209—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/044—Condensers with an integrated receiver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • F28D2021/0071—Evaporators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerant distributing device that is mountable to a heat exchanger used in a refrigeration cycle apparatus such as an air-conditioning apparatus and distributes a refrigerant, a heat exchanger including the refrigerant distributing device, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and an air-conditioning apparatus.
  • a heat exchanger in which a pair of headers extends in an up-down direction so as to be spaced apart from each other in a right-left direction, a plurality of flattened pipes are disposed in parallel between the pair of headers, and both end portions of each of a plurality of heat exchange pipes communicate with the pair of headers.
  • a refrigerant flows thereinto as a two-phase gas-liquid flow, and thus liquid stays in the gravitational direction within the header at an inlet side, while gas stays in an upper portion within the header.
  • the header at the inlet side is required to have a function to uniformly distribute the refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant distributing device conventionally, there is a refrigerant distributing device in which a loop-shaped flow path is formed within a header so as to be turned in an up-down direction, a flow of a two-phase refrigerant having flowed therein is circulated within the header to be made uniform, whereby the refrigerant is distributed to each of a plurality of heat-transfer pipes (see, e.g., Patent Literature 1).
  • an evaporator that allows uniform distribution of a refrigerant
  • an evaporator that has a configuration in which a pair of headers extends in a right-left direction (the horizontal direction) so as to be spaced apart from each other and a plurality of flattened pipes are disposed in parallel between the pair of headers, and in which a plurality of refrigerant inlets are provided in the header at an inlet side so as to be spaced apart from each other in the right-left direction, and a refrigerant is jetted and flowed from each refrigerant inlet into the header via an orifice (see, e.g., Patent Literature 2).
  • DE19515527A1 discloses that an evaporator in a flat tube or plate design for the coolant circuit in a car's air conditioning unit has a feed pipe the internal heat exchanger fluid leading to a distributer. This spreads the fluid over the inlets to the channels in the evaporator.
  • the distributer pipes join up together before the feed pipe.
  • the pipes are joined to a set of intermediate chambers which communicate with the inlets to the flat tubes, separated by internal walls within a tubular housing. With an even-number of evaporator inlets per intermediate chamber, the outlet from the distributer pipe is centrally located on the opposite wall.
  • DE19515527A1 discloses a refrigerant distributing device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • CN102278908A also discloses a refrigerant distributing device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Patent Literature 1 Although an effect of refrigerant uniform distribution is observed at a certain level, all of the plurality of heat-transfer pipes communicate with each other in the interior of the header and thus are influenced in the interior of the header by a head difference. Therefore, the refrigerant distribution effect cannot be sufficient and further improvement thereof is desired.
  • Patent Literature 2 since the header is horizontally mounted, the header is not influenced by a head difference. However, in the case where the header is mounted so as to stand in the up-down direction, a liquid is likely to stay in a lower portion under influence of the head difference.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant distributing device that is able to uniformly distribute a refrigerant by suppressing the influence of a head difference, a heat exchanger including the refrigerant distributing device, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and an air-conditioning apparatus.
  • a refrigerant distributing device according to the independent claim is provided.
  • a refrigerant distributing device that is able to uniformly distribute a refrigerant by suppressing the influence of a head difference. It is possible to obtain an effective effect when the header is mounted so as to stand in the up-down direction.
  • a heat exchanger 1 is a parallel-flow type heat exchanger which flows a refrigerant in parallel, and includes a pair of headers 10 (10a, 10b) each header is spaced apart from each other in a right-left direction and stands in an up-down direction; and a plurality of flattened pipes (heat-transfer pipes) 20 that are disposed in parallel in the up-down direction between the pair of headers 10 and both ends of each of which are connected to the pair of headers 10.
  • the heat exchanger 1 further includes a plurality of fins 30 and a distributor 40.
  • the pair of headers 10, the flattened pipes 20, and the fins 30 is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the distributor 40 is connected to the header 10a via capillary tubes 50 and forms a refrigerant distributing device with the header 10a.
  • the fins 30 are plate-shaped fins that are stacked between the pair of headers 10 so as to be spaced apart from each other and between which air passes.
  • the plurality of flattened pipes 20 extend through the fins 30.
  • the fins 30 may not necessarily be plate-shaped fins.
  • the fins 30 may be, for example, wave-shaped fins that are stacked in the up-down direction alternately with the flattened pipes 20, and in short, may be fins that are disposed so as to allow air to pass therethrough in an air passing direction.
  • each flattened pipe 20 has a plurality of through holes 20a serving as refrigerant flow paths.
  • the distributor 40 includes therein an orifice (not shown) that reduces a flow of the refrigerant.
  • the distributor 40 causes a two-phase gas-liquid flow entering thereinto to be a spray flow (uniform flow) by passing the refrigerant through the orifice, thereby making the refrigerant into a state where uniform distribution of the refrigerant is easy.
  • the refrigerant made into a spray flow is uniformly distributed to the respective capillary tubes 50 and flows thereinto, and flows into the respective chambers 12 through the capillary tubes 50.
  • Each capillary tube 50 adjusts the pressure loss therein with its specifications (length, inner diameter), thereby adjusting a distribution ratio to each chamber 12 of the header 10a.
  • the specifications of all of the capillary tubes 50 are the same, and thus the refrigerant is flowed into each chamber 12 in the same amount.
  • the flattened pipes 20, the fins 30, and the pair of headers 10 are simultaneously joined by means of brazing in a furnace in an assembled state, and then the distributor 40 and each respective capillary tube 50 are connected to each other.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus 60 includes a compressor 61, a condenser 62, an expansion valve 63 as a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator 64.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is used in at least one of the condenser 62 and the evaporator 64.
  • a gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the condenser 62, exchanges heat with air passing through the condenser 62, to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows out therefrom.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant having flowed out of the condenser 62 is reduced in pressure by the expansion valve 63 to become a low-pressure two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant, and flows into the evaporator 64.
  • the low-pressure two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant having flowed into the evaporator 64 exchanges heat with air passing through the evaporator 64, to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant, and is sucked into the compressor 61 again.
  • a flow of the refrigerant in the case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as an evaporator will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 .
  • a solid arrow indicates the flow of the refrigerant in the case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as an evaporator.
  • the flow of the two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant having flowed out of the expansion valve 63 first enters into the distributor 40 and is made into a spray flow.
  • the refrigerant made into a spray flow is uniformly distributed to the respective capillary tubes 50 and flows thereinto.
  • the refrigerant having passed through the respective capillary tubes 50 flows into the respective chambers 12 of the header 10a.
  • the division plates 11 are provided to divide the interior of the header 10a, and the refrigerant is flowed into each chamber 12 at which the head difference is small.
  • the effect of the head difference on the refrigerant having flowed into each chamber 12 is reduced, and the refrigerant in each chamber 12 is uniformly distributed to each flattened pipe 20 connected to the chamber 12 and flows thereinto.
  • the refrigerant having flowed into each flattened pipe 20 flows through the through holes 20a of the flattened pipe 20 toward the header 10b, joins each other in the header 10b, and flows out of the heat exchanger 1 through an external connection pipe 14.
  • a flow of the refrigerant in the case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 4 .
  • a dotted arrow indicates the flow of the refrigerant in the case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser.
  • the refrigerant is in a gas state, uniform distribution of the refrigerant is easy.
  • a refrigerant distributing device such as a distributor is unnecessary, and a configuration is provided in which the flow of the gas refrigerant having flowed out of the compressor 61 is directly flowed into the header 10b.
  • each flattened pipe 20 flows through the through holes 20a of the flattened pipe 20 toward the header 10a and flows into each chamber 12 of the header 10a.
  • the refrigerant having flowed into each chamber 12 flows into the distributor 40 via each capillary tube 50, joins each other therein, and flows out of the heat exchanger 1.
  • a two-phase refrigerant flow having entered thereinto is uniformly distributed by the distributor 40, and the uniformly distributed refrigerant is flowed into each chamber 12 at which the head difference is reduced.
  • the effect of the head difference on the refrigerant having flowed into each chamber 12 is reduced, thereby allowing the refrigerant to be uniformly distributed and flowed into each flattened pipe 20 to suppress a drift. Therefore, use of the refrigerant distributing device including the distributor 40 and the header 10a allows the capacity of the evaporator to be maximized to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1 as an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant distributing device and the heat exchanger according to the present invention are not limited to the structure shown in Fig. 1 , and various changes such as (1) to (4) below may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • heat exchanger 10 header 10a header 10b header 11 division plate 12 chamber 12A chamber 12B chamber 13 through hole 14 external connection pipe 20 flattened pipe (heat-transfer pipe) 30 fin 40 distributor 50 capillary tube 60 refrigeration cycle apparatus 61 compressor 62 condenser 63 expansion valve 64 evaporator 70 orifice 71 through hole A heat-exchange region B heat-exchange region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
EP12875000.7A 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 A refrigerant distributing device, and heat exchanger equipped with such a refrigerant distributing device Active EP2853843B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2012/002860 WO2013160952A1 (ja) 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 冷媒分配器及びこの冷媒分配器を備えた熱交換器

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2853843A1 EP2853843A1 (en) 2015-04-01
EP2853843A4 EP2853843A4 (en) 2016-02-24
EP2853843B1 true EP2853843B1 (en) 2020-03-11

Family

ID=49482329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12875000.7A Active EP2853843B1 (en) 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 A refrigerant distributing device, and heat exchanger equipped with such a refrigerant distributing device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20150101363A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2853843B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5901748B2 (ja)
CN (2) CN104272040B (ja)
ES (1) ES2784132T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO2013160952A1 (ja)

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CN104272040B (zh) 2016-06-15
CN203274373U (zh) 2013-11-06
US20150101363A1 (en) 2015-04-16
JPWO2013160952A1 (ja) 2015-12-21
JP5901748B2 (ja) 2016-04-13
EP2853843A1 (en) 2015-04-01
CN104272040A (zh) 2015-01-07
ES2784132T3 (es) 2020-09-22
EP2853843A4 (en) 2016-02-24

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