EP2714866B1 - Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen - Google Patents

Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2714866B1
EP2714866B1 EP12720427.9A EP12720427A EP2714866B1 EP 2714866 B1 EP2714866 B1 EP 2714866B1 EP 12720427 A EP12720427 A EP 12720427A EP 2714866 B1 EP2714866 B1 EP 2714866B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
nanoparticles
oils
lubricant
pitting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12720427.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2714866A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Grundei
Carla KRUTZSCH
Martin Schmidt-Amelunxen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG filed Critical Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Publication of EP2714866A1 publication Critical patent/EP2714866A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2714866B1 publication Critical patent/EP2714866B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic oxygen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M147/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
    • C10M147/02—Monomer containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/061—Coated particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of nanoscale materials in a composition applied to their surfaces to prevent fatigue damage in drive elements.
  • this order protects the surfaces of drive elements against the formation of gray staining, surface fatigue, micro-pitting and pitting. The occurrence of fatigue damage on these surfaces is thereby prevented or reduced.
  • One measure is the increase of the lubricating film thickness.
  • Fatigue wear results from local overloading of the material due to periodic compressive stress.
  • the fatigue of the material becomes visible through gray staining, surface fatigue, mirco-pitting or pits on the surface of the material.
  • fine cracks develop in the metal mesh, which lead to material eruptions.
  • the small microscopic visible flaws on the tooth flank referred to as micro-pittings or pitting, can be recognized as dull gray areas.
  • gray spots on tooth flanks can be observed in virtually all speed ranges. Even in rolling bearings very shallow eruptions occur in the area of the sliding contact as gray patches on the raceway
  • gray pitting and pitting are those which are the most severe material damage from the resulting cracks.
  • the EP 1 642 957 A1 relates to the use of MoS 2 and molybdenum dithiocarbamate, which are used as additives in propellant wave urea fats.
  • the additives known from the prior art described above are not thermally stable as organic substances.
  • they can evaporate under the operating conditions or can react as a classic anti-wear additives, especially with the metal surfaces, ie they predominantly react on the touching roughness peaks, since there by the flash temperatures occurring sufficient energy for a chemical reaction with the metallic Friction layer is present. Therefore, they can at most act as subordinate anti-pitting additives.
  • Solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, on the other hand, have a tendency to precipitate out due to their density
  • Settle oil formulations and may also have a corrosive effect. Since the solid particles are used with particle sizes in the micron range, there is a strong influence on the flow behavior and an increase in viscosity and a deviation from Newton's flow behavior. This behavior degrades the availability of the additive in the lubrication gap. SEM investigations on the surfaces of the metallic friction partners show that these structures or depressions have dimensions of well below 1 ⁇ m. These depressions are not accessible to the ⁇ m-sized solid lubricant particles.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composition which can be applied to the surfaces of drive elements so as to prevent or reduce the fatigue phenomena "gray spots" and "pitting" on these drive elements.
  • the composition should contain no volatile organic compounds as an anti-pitting additive and the anti-pitting additives should be in a liquid phase with Newton shem flow behavior. Thus, they can penetrate into the structures or depressions described above and there reinforce the metal structure.
  • the subject of the present invention is therefore the use of a composition which is applied to the surface of the drive elements in order to prevent or avoid fatigue phenomena. It has surprisingly been found that the application of a composition containing surface-modified nanoparticles and a carrier material prevents or prevents the fatigue damage, such as gray pitting and pitting.
  • the surface-modified nanoparticles contained in the composition are oxidic nanoparticles. They can be selected from silica, zinc oxide and alumina.
  • surface modification reagents such as alkyl, aryl, Alkylarylsilanes having at least 1 to 3 of these alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups, which may additionally contain functional groups, in particular thio groups, phosphate groups and which are used individually or in combination.
  • the optionally present thio or phosphate groups can additionally undergo a reaction with the metal surface to be protected.
  • the amount of modifying reagent per nm 2 of the particle surface is 0.1 to 10 molecules of the modifying reagent, preferably 0.3 to 5 molecules. This chemical modification causes the nanoparticles in different base oils monopartite, ie without aggregation.
  • composition may contain mixtures of nanoparticles which are both different from one another and have different particle sizes.
  • the surface-modified nanoparticles have an average particle size of 10 nm to less than 200 nm, preferably 10 nm to 100 nm.
  • the particle size of nanoparticles can be determined by different methods. Dry methods such as transmission electron microscopy often provide smaller particle sizes than the dynamic light scattering measurement, as in the latter method a relatively tightly bound solvent envelope requires larger values.
  • the particle size data in this application are generally related to dynamic light scattering results.
  • the carrier material is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, synthetic hydrocarbons, polyglycols, esters and ester compounds, PFPE, native oils and derivatives of native oils, aromatic oils such as phenyl ethers and mixtures thereof.
  • Polygkycols, esters and synthetic hydrocarbons are particularly preferably used as carrier material.
  • composition of the present invention containing the nanoparticles and the carrier may further be incorporated into a lubricant become.
  • This lubricant may be in the form of fats, pastes, oils and is selected from the group consisting of a lubricating oil or mixtures of lubricating oils, polyglycols, silicone oils, perfluoropolyethers, mineral oils, esters, synthetic hydrocarbons, phenyl ethers, native oils and derivatives of native oils.
  • organic or inorganic thickeners in particular PTFE, graphite, metal oxides, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, phosphates, silicates, sulfonates, polyimides, metal soaps, metal complex soaps, ureas and mixtures thereof, solid lubricants such as graphite, MoS 2 .
  • compositions which are used as a concentrate in one of the above-mentioned lubricants are particularly preferred.
  • soluble additives in particular aromatic amines, phenols, phosphates, as well as corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-wear agents, friction reducing agents, means for protection against metal influences, UV stabilizers may be present in the composition.
  • composition of the invention according to claim 1 generally consists of 0.1 to 40 wt .-% surface-modified nanoparticles, in particular 2 to 20 wt .-% surface-modified nanoparticles, and 99.9% to 60% by weight of carrier material, in particular 8 to 80 Weight% carrier material.
  • the introduction of the nanoparticles into the carrier material can take place in two ways.
  • dispersions of nanoparticles can be produced in a sol-gel process and surface-modified in the dispersion, and then the dispersion can be prepared by adding the support material and removing the volatile solvents.
  • This process can be referred to as redispersing and has the advantage that the nanoparticles are always wetted by liquid and thus the risk of agglomeration is reduced. This method is described in the following examples.
  • the solvents may be removed and the dry particles isolated.
  • the particles By dispersing under shear and optionally elevated temperature, the particles can be incorporated. Which method is to be used depends on various factors such as particle type, particle sizes, type and extent of surface coverage and chemical nature of the carrier material and must be individually tailored.
  • This composition can then be incorporated into any lubricant so that, based on the final formulation of 0.1-10% nanoparticles, 99.9-90% lubricant.
  • SiO 2 nanoparticles The preparation of SiO 2 nanoparticles is described, for example, in: W. Stöber, A. Fink, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 26, 62-69, 1968 or in: Zichen Wang et al. Materials Letters 61, 2007, 506-510 .
  • the disadvantage of using the Stöber process in the production is that the resulting dispersions have low contents of SiO 2 nanoparticles, as a rule about 3% by mass SiO 2 .
  • the stability of the nanoparticles and also the nature of the particles which form are determined by the choice of reaction conditions, in particular the pH.
  • aqueous dispersions are offered with solids contents of up to 50%.
  • Levasil 200N / 30% is a 30% dispersion stabilized with ammonia.
  • the particle size is given as about 55 nm. This size distribution is indicated by the diagram in FIG. 1 confirming the particle analysis with a Malvern Zetasizer.
  • Bindzil SiO 2 nanodispersions with particle sizes around 10 nm and solids contents up to 40%, the surfaces of which are modified with epoxy silane.
  • the preparation of the aqueous dispersions is also in the EP 1 554 221 B1 and the EP 1 554 220 B1 described.
  • Example 1 The dispersion prepared in Example 1 (277.87 g) is heated to 78 ° C under reflux with stirring. After reaching the temperature, 1.66 g of n-butyltrimethoxysilane are added in one shot. The solution is kept at 78 ° C. for a further 8 hours with stirring.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the particle size distribution is maintained.
  • 83.11 g of the dispersion of functionalized nanoparticles according to Example 2 are mixed with 28.10 g of water-miscible polyglycol (monomers ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, kinematic viscosity 100 mm 2 / sec at 40 ° C.) in a rotary evaporator while heating with the oil bath to 100 ° C. and applying a vacuum, for example with a water jet pump, concentrated.
  • the result is a clear liquid.
  • the high dispersion to oil ratio is necessary in order to be able to produce concentrations of 10% nanoparticles in the polyglycol in the case of the low concentration of SiO 2 particles on which the dispersions prepared in the Stöber process are based.
  • This dispersion can also be measured by dynamic light scattering be, but must be diluted by addition of the base oil to a concentration of 1% SiO 2 .
  • FIG. 4 shows that the particle size is retained.
  • the broadening of the peak can be explained by the higher viscosity of the polyglycol compared to the water / ethanol mixtures.
  • the shift of the peak to larger particle diameter can be explained by the enlargement of the solvent envelope, since the polyglycol molecules occupy a larger space on the particle surface than water or ethanol.
  • polyglycol dispersions are prepared which in all cases build on the dispersion of Example 1.
  • silanes phenyltrimethoxysilane and triethoxy (octyl) silane were used in addition to butyltrimethoxysilane. It was modified with a silane per nm 2 analogously to Example 2. In all cases, clear liquids result after redispersion.
  • Table 1 shows that the kinematic viscosity is only slightly increased. The content of SiO 2 is also shown at the higher density. ⁇ u> Table 1 ⁇ / u> Example 4a Example 4b Example 4c Example 4c 10% nanoparticles 10% 10% nanoparticles reference SiO 2 .
  • Table 1 shows the data of the 10% dispersions of the butyl silane, octyl silane and phenyl silane modified nanoparticles in polyglycol.
  • the dynamic viscosity of the nanoparticle-containing oils was determined as a function of the shear rate using a cone / plate system on the rheometer.
  • the shear rate is increased logarithmically from 50 sec -1 to 5000 sec -1 .
  • the dynamic viscosity remains independent of the shear rate, so it is observed Newtonian flow behavior (see FIG. 5 ).
  • Aerosil OX 50 hydrophilic fumed silica BET 35 - 65 m 2 / g from Evonik, according to the manufacturer, a mean primary particle size of 40 nm and thus similar to the investigated nanoparticles
  • a clear Decrease in viscosity with shear FIG. 5 .
  • Table 2 shows little influence on the rheological properties by the nanoparticles. So there are also highly concentrated dispersions, such as Levasil, possible as a nanoparticle source.
  • Example 6 The nanoparticles in Example 6 have a small, negligible influence on the rheological properties, resulting in VKA endurance a slight deterioration.
  • the wear factor is increased slightly, the coefficient of friction remains the same.
  • the welding force a slight improvement is observed.
  • Gear oil formulations were made with 60 nm SiO 2 particles with a butyl surface modification. For this purpose, a 10% dispersion of the modified nanoparticles in polyglycol was used, which can be easily stirred into the formulation. The concentration of nanoparticles in the final formulation is 1%.
  • the formulation was prepared in two viscosity layers (100 and 220 cst). ⁇ u> Table 4 ⁇ / u> Reference 220 cst Nanoparticulate-containing formulation, 220 cst Referenzbeisp.
  • Nanoparticle-containing formulation 100 cst Nanoparticle-containing formulation 100 cst water-miscible polyglycol monomer ethylene oxide / propylene oxide 94.15 84,15 94.15 84,15 Antioxidantsemisch 3 3 3 3 3 Antiwear additive 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 Anticorrosion additives, 0,305 0,305 0,305 0,305 Antifoam, silicone base 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 10% dispersion of butyl-functionalized SiO 2 nanoparticles in polyglycol particle size about 60 nm 10 10

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP12720427.9A 2011-06-01 2012-05-09 Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen Active EP2714866B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011103215A DE102011103215A1 (de) 2011-06-01 2011-06-01 Verwendung von nanoskaligen Materialien in einer Zusammensetzung zur Verhinderung von Ermüdungserscheinungen im oberfläschennahen Gefüge von Antriebselementen
PCT/EP2012/001997 WO2012163468A1 (de) 2011-06-01 2012-05-09 Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2714866A1 EP2714866A1 (de) 2014-04-09
EP2714866B1 true EP2714866B1 (de) 2016-06-29

Family

ID=46062230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12720427.9A Active EP2714866B1 (de) 2011-06-01 2012-05-09 Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US9296970B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2714866B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5762629B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101594771B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103732728A (zh)
BR (1) BR112013031020B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102011103215A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK2714866T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2589812T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2012163468A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015117345A (ja) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 株式会社アドマテックス 滑剤組成物及びその製造方法
CN104450007A (zh) * 2014-11-19 2015-03-25 上海应用技术学院 一种导电用耐高温润滑脂及其制备方法
RU2582999C1 (ru) * 2015-02-20 2016-04-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инженерная смазочная компания "МИСКОМ" Композитная смазка
KR102633391B1 (ko) * 2015-05-04 2024-02-06 픽셀리전트 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 나노-첨가제를 이용한 개량 윤활제
KR101714394B1 (ko) * 2015-11-30 2017-03-10 계명대학교 산학협력단 내열성이 우수한 베어링용 고체 윤활제 제조방법
CN106398805A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 中山大学惠州研究院 一种利用表面改性纳米粒子改进锂基润滑脂弹性变形能力的方法
DE102017004541A1 (de) 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Klüber Lubrication München Se & Co. Kg Schmierstoffzusammensetzung
CN109233943B (zh) * 2018-09-26 2021-09-03 山东莱克科技有限公司 一种纳米材料制备的润滑剂及其制备方法
EP3839016A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-23 Total Marketing Services Lubricating composition for gear
CN112961721B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2022-09-20 徐州振峰新材料科技有限公司 一种润滑油用含石墨烯的润滑防护添加剂
WO2022202751A1 (ja) 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Dic株式会社 粒子含有グリース組成物
CN113322119B (zh) * 2021-06-29 2022-03-01 河南大学 一种甲醇发动机专用纳米节能润滑油及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1147508A (en) 1967-01-30 1969-04-02 Mobil Oil Corp Lubricant composition
JPH11140476A (ja) * 1997-08-05 1999-05-25 Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd 潤滑剤
JP3466920B2 (ja) * 1998-05-15 2003-11-17 マブチモーター株式会社 ウォーム減速機付き小型モータ
JP4714977B2 (ja) * 2000-09-27 2011-07-06 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 転がり軸受の潤滑方法
US20030092585A1 (en) 2001-11-13 2003-05-15 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating compositions and concentrates containing an antiwear amount of a thiadiazole
WO2004035473A1 (en) 2002-10-14 2004-04-29 Akzo Nobel N.V. Colloidal silica dispersion
JP2004150473A (ja) * 2002-10-29 2004-05-27 Jfe Steel Kk 転がり軸受の潤滑方法
JP2005097514A (ja) * 2003-08-27 2005-04-14 Nsk Ltd 転動装置用潤滑剤及び転動装置
JP4444680B2 (ja) * 2004-01-27 2010-03-31 有限会社ナプラ 潤滑剤組成物
JP2006096949A (ja) 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd ボールタイプ等速ジョイント用グリース組成物及びボールタイプ等速ジョイント。
JP2006144827A (ja) * 2004-11-16 2006-06-08 Nsk Ltd 転動装置
US20070161518A1 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-12 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Boron Nitride Based Lubricant Additive
KR20080041870A (ko) * 2006-11-08 2008-05-14 에스케이에너지 주식회사 내연기관용 윤활유 조성물
US8741821B2 (en) * 2007-01-03 2014-06-03 Afton Chemical Corporation Nanoparticle additives and lubricant formulations containing the nanoparticle additives
WO2008127395A2 (en) * 2007-04-11 2008-10-23 Cerion Technologies, Inc. Ceramic high temperature lubricity agent
US20080269086A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Atanu Adhvaryu Functionalized nanosphere lubricants
EP2028224A1 (de) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-25 Nanoresins AG Weichmacherzusammensetzung
DE102007036856A1 (de) 2007-08-06 2009-02-26 Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh Verwendung von Estergruppen-umfassenden Polymeren als Antifatigue-Additive
WO2010077773A1 (en) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Lubricant composition and method of forming
DE112010000769T5 (de) * 2009-01-26 2012-07-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Additive fur die Verbesserung von Motoröleigenschaften
EP2311926A1 (de) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-20 Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH Additive für Schmiermittel zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
CN102041140B (zh) * 2010-01-19 2013-04-24 江苏惠源石油科技有限公司 一种抗微点蚀的齿轮油复合添加剂

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101594771B1 (ko) 2016-02-17
JP2014518932A (ja) 2014-08-07
BR112013031020B1 (pt) 2019-11-19
WO2012163468A1 (de) 2012-12-06
KR20140018976A (ko) 2014-02-13
DK2714866T3 (en) 2016-09-19
ES2589812T3 (es) 2016-11-16
CN103732728A (zh) 2014-04-16
EP2714866A1 (de) 2014-04-09
US9296970B2 (en) 2016-03-29
BR112013031020A2 (pt) 2018-04-24
JP5762629B2 (ja) 2015-08-12
DE102011103215A1 (de) 2012-12-06
US20140162914A1 (en) 2014-06-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2714866B1 (de) Verwendung von nanoskaligen materialien in einer zusammensetzung zur verhinderung von ermüdungserscheinungen im oberflächennahen gefüge von antriebselementen
Luo et al. Tribology properties of Al2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites as lubricant additives
Azman et al. Dispersion stability and lubrication mechanism of nanolubricants: a review
EP1899995B1 (de) Magnetorheologische flüssigkeit
DE69819020T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer polytetrafluoräthylen-dispersion
DE102006058224B4 (de) Verwendung nanosphärischer Additive in Schmiermittelformulierungen
DE102008021097A1 (de) Schmierstoffe mit funktionalisierten Nanokugeln bzw. -sphären
EP3622042B1 (de) Schmierstoffzusammensetzung
DE112009000808T5 (de) Schmiermittelzusammensetzung und direkt wirkende Vorrichtungen mit der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung
WO2012004236A1 (de) Plättchenförmige eisenpigmente, magnetorheologisches fluid und vorrichtung
Suryawanshi et al. Tribological performance of commercial Mobil grade lubricants operating with titanium dioxide nanoparticle additives
DE102004021812A1 (de) Schmierfett, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung
Haldar et al. Enhancing the tribological properties of hydraulic oil-based nanolubricants using MWCNT-SiO2 hybrid nanoparticles
Duan et al. Tribological properties and lubrication mechanism of manganese phosphate trihydrate as lubricant additives
DE112019005334T5 (de) Schmierölzusammensetzung für stossdämpfer, additiv zur friktionseinstellung, schmieröladditiv, stossdämpfer und verfahren zum einstellen der friktion eines stossdämpferschmieröls
DE3701780C2 (zh)
EP4211209B1 (en) Lubricating oil composition
EP2746369B1 (de) Mittel zur Beimischung in einen Betriebsstoff für eine technische Anlage, Konzentrat zur Beimischung in einen Betriebsstoff für eine technische Anlage und Betriebsstoff
DE102018205791A1 (de) Verfahren zur Sichtbarmachung von Betriebszuständen innerhalb eines mechanischen Systems und Fluid mit mindestens einem mikroverkapselten Indikationsstoff
Gupta et al. Combination of nanoparticles of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride as anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives-On exploring the possibility of synergism
Nassef et al. Tribological and Chemical–Physical Behavior of a Novel Palm Grease Blended with Zinc Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nano-Additives
Gupta et al. Combination of nano-particles of graphite and PTFE in the right amount for synergism as anti-wear and extreme pressure additive in oil
WO2000052116A1 (de) Zinndisulfid enthaltende schmierstoffzusammensetzung
DE102008009751B4 (de) Verwendung eines Schmierstoffs unter Vakuumbedingungen
DE102024202374A1 (de) Wälzlager, insbesondere eine Radnabenanordnung, die eine verbesserte Lebensdauer hat und dazugehöriges Verfahren

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20131125

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20150120

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20160406

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 809117

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20160715

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502012007524

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20160915

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160929

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20160629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2589812

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20161116

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160930

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161031

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502012007524

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 6

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20170330

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160929

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170509

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20170531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170509

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 809117

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170509

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170509

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20120509

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160629

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20210521

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20210526

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20210618

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20210521

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20220531

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20220509

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220509

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230503

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20230705

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220510

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240523

Year of fee payment: 13