EP2702218B1 - Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2702218B1
EP2702218B1 EP12727248.2A EP12727248A EP2702218B1 EP 2702218 B1 EP2702218 B1 EP 2702218B1 EP 12727248 A EP12727248 A EP 12727248A EP 2702218 B1 EP2702218 B1 EP 2702218B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
vehicle door
motor vehicle
door lock
leg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12727248.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2702218A2 (fr
Inventor
Christian Barmscheidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kiekert AG
Original Assignee
Kiekert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kiekert AG filed Critical Kiekert AG
Publication of EP2702218A2 publication Critical patent/EP2702218A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2702218B1 publication Critical patent/EP2702218B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/44—Burglar prevention, e.g. protecting against opening by unauthorised tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/22—Functions related to actuation of locks from the passenger compartment of the vehicle
    • E05B77/24—Functions related to actuation of locks from the passenger compartment of the vehicle preventing use of an inner door handle, sill button, lock knob or the like
    • E05B77/28—Functions related to actuation of locks from the passenger compartment of the vehicle preventing use of an inner door handle, sill button, lock knob or the like for anti-theft purposes, e.g. double-locking or super-locking
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/02—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means
    • E05B47/023—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means the bolt moving pivotally or rotatively
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/02—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the type of actuators used
    • E05B81/04—Electrical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/02—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the type of actuators used
    • E05B81/04—Electrical
    • E05B81/06—Electrical using rotary motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/12—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators
    • E05B81/14—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators operating on bolt detents, e.g. for unlatching the bolt
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/24—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by constructional features of the actuator or the power transmission
    • E05B81/32—Details of the actuator transmission
    • E05B81/34—Details of the actuator transmission of geared transmissions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • E05B2047/0031—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the elastic type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/1043—Swinging
    • Y10T292/1075—Operating means
    • Y10T292/108—Lever

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle door lock, with a locking mechanism, an actuating lever mechanism interacting with the locking mechanism, furthermore with a drive acting on the actuating lever mechanism, and with an anti-theft unit.
  • the anti-theft unit serves, as is common practice, to make the actuating lever mechanism mechanically connected to the locking mechanism empty, both when the actuating lever mechanism is acted on by an internal operating lever and when actuated by an external operating lever. This ensures that even if, for example, a broken vehicle window, an unauthorized person can not open the motor vehicle door via the inside operating lever. This applies in the event that the anti-theft device is active. Then this is in the position "anti-theft device on”.
  • the motor vehicle door lock assumes the position "anti-theft device"
  • the associated motor vehicle door can be opened from the inside via the inside operating lever as well as from the outside via the external operating lever: this assumes, for example, that it is not a rear side door in which a possible parental control is inserted and can be. This has proven itself in principle.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a motor vehicle door lock so that operating safety is increased and malfunctions are avoided.
  • a motor vehicle door lock comprises the features of patent claim 1.
  • the design is such that the buffer member is driven by the anti-theft device. If the locking mechanism to maintain its closed position, the buffer member is blocked by the anti-theft unit and can not work on the locking mechanism, if the operating lever mechanism is applied in an opening sense. If, on the other hand, the locking mechanism is to be opened, the anti-theft unit releases the buffer member. This can open the locking mechanism following an opening movement of the actuating lever mechanism. That is, the buffer member is controlled by the anti-theft device according to the desired functional position of the locking ("open” or "closed”) accordingly.
  • the anti-theft device naturally follows its usual functionality already described in the introduction. That is, any actuations of the operating lever mechanism go empty with respect to the locking mechanism, as the anti-theft unit is in its "inserted" position. That is, in this functional position, the anti-theft unit consistently ensures that any movements of the operating lever mechanism via the buffer member are not transmitted to the locking mechanism. Rather, the buffer member learns in such a procedure, a more or less pronounced compression or deflection, and without this, the locking is affected in any way.
  • the operating lever mechanism can act on the locking mechanism in the opening direction.
  • opening movements of the actuating lever mechanism are transmitted again to the buffer member, which transmits these movements due to the elimination of its blockade by the anti-theft unit on the locking mechanism to the opening.
  • the interpretation will always be such that in the position "anti-theft device inserted” both a possible internal operating lever and an external operating lever with respect to the locking mechanism go empty.
  • an unlocking lever is assigned to the actuating lever mechanism.
  • the release lever is also associated with the addressed buffer member.
  • a two-part embodiment of the buffer member has proven to be particularly favorable.
  • the buffer member is usually composed of a tilt spring and a leg spring together.
  • the tipping spring generally ensures that the operating lever mechanism, depending on its position in the direction of "open” or in the direction of “keep closed” of the locking is applied.
  • the tilt spring usually attacks the release lever. If this release lever has exceeded a certain position in comparison to the locking mechanism, then the tilt spring may act on the unlocking lever in the direction "open” of the locking mechanism. If, on the other hand, another position of the unlocking lever is present, the tilting spring ensures that the unlocking lever and with it the actuating lever mechanism are acted upon in the direction of "keeping closed” of the locking mechanism.
  • leg spring Regardless of the tipping spring is known to additionally implemented a leg spring.
  • This leg spring interacts with one Clutch lever and on the other hand with the release lever and / or the anti-theft device. This is usually the one free leg of the leg spring on the clutch lever. Consequently, depending on the position of the clutch lever and / or an internal operating lever interacting with the clutch lever, this free leg experiences an action and can also follow this action.
  • the other fixed leg of the leg spring abuts against a pin of the unlocking lever.
  • the anti-theft unit interacts with the leg of the leg of the leg in question.
  • the leg spring is advantageously mounted on the release lever.
  • a substantially coaxial bearing to a rotational axis of the unlocking lever has proven to be particularly favorable. That is, the axis of the leg spring and the axis of rotation of the release lever generally coincide with each other.
  • the already mentioned and generally applied to the free leg of the leg spring clutch lever is typically mounted in at least one guide.
  • Usually two guides are used for the clutch lever.
  • the two guides are usually provided in each adjacent levers. It has been proven that the one guide in an internal operating lever and the other guide are realized in the release lever. In this way, the clutch lever can easily slide along the free leg of the leg spring between its "ineffective" and “effective” positions.
  • the clutch lever is "inoperative” in its position, this corresponds to the "locked” position of the motor vehicle door lock.
  • the locking mechanism can only be opened via the inside operating lever - and not the external operating lever - if the anti-theft device additionally assumes its "off” position.
  • the clutch lever is positioned in its "operative” position, then the vehicle door latch is “unlocked” in its entirety. Also in this case, any movements of the operating lever mechanism are only transferred in an opening sense on the locking mechanism when the anti-theft unit assumes its position "designed”. Otherwise, actuations of the actuating lever mechanism cause the operating lever mechanism to work in a deforming sense on the buffer member without the locking member experiencing an opening.
  • the anti-theft device in this functional position "unlocked” can also be designed mechanically by the actuating lever mechanism operated in the opening direction.
  • a motor vehicle door lock is shown, which is equipped with a merely indicated locking mechanism 1, 2.
  • a pawl 1 which interacts with a rotary latch 2 in the usual manner. Which is not expressly shown.
  • the pawl 1 and the rotary latch 2 are summarized placed in a plane perpendicular to each of the illustrated planes level.
  • the ratchet 1, 2 interacts an operating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16, which is composed in detail of a release lever 3, an internal operating lever 4 and coupling levers 16 and finally cooperates with a release lever 5 in the example.
  • levers can be realized, for example, an external operating lever, another clutch lever, etc., which, however, are not shown and are irrelevant to the invention to be described.
  • a drive 6 to 9 can be seen, which acts on the operating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16.
  • the basic structure includes an anti-theft unit 10, 11.
  • the operating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16 and the release lever 5, a buffer member 12, 13 assigned.
  • This buffer member 12, 13 is driven by the anti-theft unit 10, 11. This depends on the desired functional position of the locking mechanism 1, 2. In other words, the anti-theft unit 10, 11 releases or blocks the buffer member 12, 13.
  • the buffer member 12, 13 is composed of a leg spring 12 and a tilt spring 13, so it is designed in two parts. Depending on the position of the unlocking lever 5 and consequently of the actuating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16, the tilting spring 13 as a whole ensures that the unlocking lever 5 is acted upon in the direction "open" or "keep closed" of the locking mechanism 1, 2.
  • the tilt spring 13 acts on the release lever 5 so that it is acted upon in the indicated counterclockwise direction about its axis 14.
  • the tilt spring 13 and the associated release lever 5 takes the tilt spring 13 and the associated release lever 5 to the position Fig. 2 "Unlocks”, so acted on the tilt spring 13, the release lever 5 such that it performs a rotation in the illustrated clockwise direction about its axis 14.
  • the release lever 3 in the functional position after Fig. 2 when the "electric opening” shown there with the extension arm 15 to work on the pawl 1 and the pawl 1 in this process of the associated and not shown rotary catch 2 stand out.
  • the ratchet 1, 2 is logically at the end of the movement shown Fig. 2 "electrically open” also open.
  • the leg spring 12 interacts on the one hand with a clutch lever 16 and on the other hand with the release lever 5 and / or the anti-theft unit 10, 11.
  • the one free leg 12a of the leg spring 12 abuts on the clutch lever 16, which on the free leg 12a in question the leg spring 12 predominantly linear along can slide.
  • the other fixed leg 12b of the leg spring 12 is supported on a stop 17 of the unlocking lever 5.
  • the eccentric 11 blocks the fixed leg 12b of the leg spring 12 and holds the leg spring 12 as it were. This applies to the position "anti-theft device inserted". If, on the other hand, the anti-theft unit 10, 11 is "designed" in its position, then the eccentric 11 releases the fixed leg 12b of the leg spring 12 in question.
  • the leg spring 12 is mounted substantially coaxially in comparison to the release lever 5 on this. That is, the axis of rotation of the leg spring 12 largely coincides with the axis of rotation 14 of the release lever 5.
  • the design is usually made so that the previously already referred to drive 6 to 9 is designed as an opening drive.
  • the drive 6 to 9 is composed of an electric motor 6 and an output screw 7 driven by the electric motor 6.
  • the output worm 7 meshes with the outer peripheral side with a driven pulley 8, which in turn carries an eccentric 9. In this way, the drive 6 to 9 interact with the release lever 3.
  • the release lever 3 is in the position after the Fig. 3 , so the drive or opening drive 6 to 9 in the context of the electric opening passage after Fig. 2 First of all for the fact that the release lever 3 is transferred from its initial position shown in solid lines in the position shown in phantom (see. Fig. 2 ). This concerned the eccentric 9, which abuts an arm of the release lever 3 and the release lever 3 is pivoted about its axis 18 in this case counterclockwise.
  • the coupling lever 16 in question is mounted in two guides 19, 20.
  • there is a guide 19 for the clutch lever 16 in the inner operating lever 4 whereas the other guide 20 is realized in the release lever 5.
  • the clutch lever 16 engages with a cam 21 in the guide 19 of the inner actuating lever 4 and is thereby held captive in the respective guide 19 of the inner actuating lever 4 and also the guide 20 in the release lever 5 and guided linearly.
  • the clutch lever 16 is further equipped with a pin 22 which slides on the free leg 12a of the leg spring 12 along. Goes the clutch lever 16 of his in the Fig. 2 shown right and “inoperative” position ("locked”) in the left and “effective” position (unlocked) via, so slides the questionable pin 22 at the free end 12 a of the leg spring 12 in a radially outer position. As a result, the leg spring 12 experiences an increasing load. In addition, the clutch lever 16 is released with its cam 21 of the release lever 3 and moves in this regard in a recess 23 on the trigger lever 3 a.
  • Fig. 1 is the position (mechanically) “unlocked” and then the mechanical opening at "laid out” anti-theft device 10, 11 shown. It can be seen that, first of all, the release lever 3 moves counterclockwise about its axis 18, starting from the locked position Fig. 3 has performed. This transition of the trigger lever 3 from the position "locks” after Fig. 3 in the position "unlocked” according to the Fig. 1 can be initiated mechanically by the inner operating lever 4 slightly clockwise order its axis 18 is pivoted, as is an arrow in Fig. 3 suggests. In fact, the inner operating lever 4 and the release lever 3 are designed to be coaxially rotatable about the common axis 18.
  • the leg spring 12 Since the leg spring 12 with its fixed end 12b is not blocked by the anti-theft unit 10, 11 or its eccentric 11, because the anti-theft unit 10, 11 is in the "designed" state, the leg spring 12 takes the release lever 5 "in this process. With”. For this purpose, the fixed leg 12b of the leg spring 12 engages the stop 17 of the unlocking lever 5.
  • the unlocking lever 5 thus performs a pivoting movement in the clockwise direction about its axis 14, as they are already in the Fig. 2 and also in the Fig. 1 is indicated. As a result, the release lever 5 ensures that the pawl 1 can be lifted off the catch 2 via the operating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16.
  • the locking mechanism 1, 2 has been mechanically opened.
  • the clutch lever 16 can retract with its cam 21 in the recess 23 of the release lever 3.
  • This process has the consequence that the leg spring 12 undergoes an increasing load on its free leg end 12a, because the clutch lever 16 is moved radially outwardly and the voltage applied to the clutch lever 16 pin 22, the free leg end 12 of the leg spring 12 increasingly applied with force ,
  • the anti-theft unit 10, 11 is designed at the same time during this process (compare the arrow in FIG Fig. 2 ), so the unlocking lever 5 undergoes the indicated rotation in a clockwise direction about its axis 14, because the leg spring 12 is acted upon at its free leg end 12a.
  • the clutch lever 16 can be moved with its cam 21 along the guide 19 in the inner operating lever 4 and the cam 21 of the clutch lever 16 is able to immerse in the recess 23 on the release lever 3.
  • the clutch lever 16 acting in a corresponding sense acting and not explicitly illustrated spring responsible.
  • An adjoining action on the inner actuating lever 4 in the opening sense by a counterclockwise movement about the axis 18 then starts, starting from the functional position Fig. 2 to the fact that the trigger lever 3 is taken, occupies its dash-dotted line position.
  • this process results in that the release lever 5 is pivoted about its axis 14 in the clockwise direction and the locking mechanism 1, 2 via the operating lever mechanism 3, 4, 16 by the release lever 3 in opening sense acted upon.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile, comprenant un mécanisme d'encliquetage (1, 2), un système de leviers d'actionnement (3, 4, 16) interagissant avec le mécanisme d'encliquetage (1, 2), de plus un entraînement (6, 7, 8, 9), qui entraîne le système de leviers d'actionnement (3, 4, 16), et comprenant une unité de système antivol (10, 11), un élément tampon (12, 13) étant attribué au système de leviers d'actionnement (3, 4, 16) et à un levier de déverrouillage (5) coopérant avec le système de leviers d'actionnement (3, 4, 16), lequel élément tampon (12, 13) étant commandé par l'unité de système antivol (10, 11) conformément à une position fonctionnelle désirée du mécanisme d'encliquetage (1, 2), caractérisé en ce que l'élément tampon (12, 13) est conçu en deux parties avec un ressort à branches (12) et un ressort à basculement (13), que le ressort à branches (12) interagit avec un levier d'accouplement (16), d'une part, et le levier de déverrouillage (5), d'autre part, et que l'une branche libre (12a) du ressort à branches (12) s'appuie contre le levier d'accouplement (16) et l'autre branche fixe (12b) s'appuie contre un tenon (17) du levier de déverrouillage (5).
  2. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le ressort à basculement (13) pousse le levier de déverrouillage (5) en fonction de la position de celui-ci dans la direction « d'ouvrir » ou de « tenir fermé » du mécanisme d'encliquetage (1, 2).
  3. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que le ressort à branches (12) est logé sur le levier de déverrouillage (5) de sorte qu'il se trouve essentiellement sur le même axe par rapport à l'axe de rotation (14) du dernier.
  4. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (6, 7, 8, 9) est conçu comme un entraînement d'ouverture (6, 7, 8, 9) et il comprend à cette fin un excentrique (9) entraîné par un moteur électrique (6).
  5. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (6, 7, 8, 9) interagit avec un levier de déclenchement (3).
  6. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que dans la position « déverrouillée » le levier de déverrouillage (5) libère le levier d'accouplement (16) auparavant bloqué.
  7. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le levier d'accouplement (16) est logé dans au moins un guidage (19, 20).
  8. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que deux guidages (19, 20) sont prévus pour le levier d'accouplement (16), lesquels sont réalisés dans des leviers (4, 5) respectivement adjacents.
  9. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'un guidage (19) est réalisé dans un levier d'actionnement intérieur (4) et l'autre guidage (20) est réalisé dans un levier de déverrouillage (5).
  10. Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de système antivol (10, 11) est muni d'un moteur (10) et d'un excentrique (11) entraîné par le moteur (10) pour bloquer la branche fixe (12b) du ressort à branches (12).
EP12727248.2A 2011-04-23 2012-03-28 Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile Active EP2702218B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110018512 DE102011018512A1 (de) 2011-04-23 2011-04-23 Kraftfahrzeugtürverschluss
PCT/DE2012/000349 WO2012146223A2 (fr) 2011-04-23 2012-03-28 Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2702218A2 EP2702218A2 (fr) 2014-03-05
EP2702218B1 true EP2702218B1 (fr) 2017-09-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12727248.2A Active EP2702218B1 (fr) 2011-04-23 2012-03-28 Système de fermeture de porte de véhicule automobile

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9574379B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2702218B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6236678B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101572247B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103608539B (fr)
CA (1) CA2832224A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011018512A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012146223A2 (fr)

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JP6236678B2 (ja) 2017-11-29
KR20140033052A (ko) 2014-03-17
US20140203572A1 (en) 2014-07-24
US9574379B2 (en) 2017-02-21
EP2702218A2 (fr) 2014-03-05
KR101572247B1 (ko) 2015-11-26
CN103608539A (zh) 2014-02-26
WO2012146223A2 (fr) 2012-11-01
JP2014514475A (ja) 2014-06-19
WO2012146223A3 (fr) 2013-02-21
DE102011018512A1 (de) 2012-10-25
CA2832224A1 (fr) 2012-11-01
CN103608539B (zh) 2016-02-03

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