Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
  • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
  • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
  • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
  • H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multiband finned antenna for a vehicle.
• the antenna module has antenna elements.
• the antenna elements may be arranged under a common fin-shaped outer cover on the outside of the vehicle.
• the fin-shaped outer cover has inside an antenna board on which the antenna elements are arranged.
• multiband antennas and Multibandantennenvorrich- obligations known for vehicles for external mounting on chassis ⁇ rie.
• These multiband antennas consist of an external fin-shaped hood, a protective cover for the mechanical stabilization of the antenna elements, the various antenna elements, a printed circuit board, one or at most two
• Amplifier or filter circuits and a chassis Characteristic of this multi-band antenna is the fact that the antenna elements inside the hood are on the upper side of the board fixed on the chassis. On this side, where the antennas are located, no electronic circuits (amplifiers, filters) are to be found, in order to avoid possible disturbances and couplings. For this reason, located in the previous antennas all the electronics on the lower side of the board, which is shielded accordingly by the chassis. Should the complexity of such
• the object of the invention is to provide highly integrated multiband
• State-of-the-art fin antennas which combine both receive and transmit antennas and their tuners, front-ends, amplifiers, receivers, transceivers, and matching data port, in a fin-shaped housing. Furthermore, a plurality of antenna elements and electronic circuits should be accommodated in the smallest space and an antenna housing should be made available which can be mounted on an outer surface of a vehicle with simple means and is easily accessible in the event of interference.
• a highly integrated multiband fin antenna for a vehicle is provided.
• the multi-band antenna Finn at least one transmit and one Emp ⁇ caught antenna element.
• the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are arranged under a common fin-shaped outer cover.
• the fin-shaped outer cover has in ⁇ partners an antenna circuit board that is fixed on a chassis.
• On the upper side of this board are both the transmitting and receiving antenna elements as well as electronic Matching or amplifier circuits, transceivers (parts or complete), tuners, front-ends, or receivers.
• These electronic circuits are placed locally optimized on the board and service-dependent or antennenlageabphasen- gig grouped and with the aid of screening plates respectively insulated electrically such that it verursa ⁇ chen no interference.
• Other parts of the electronics are located on the lower side of the board and are electrically isolated and shielded from the chassis as before.
• Antennas or antenna elements for the different services can be placed over the shield plates.
• patch antennas or stacked patch antennas for satellite services can be placed galvanically or only capacitively coupled via shielding plates.
• Patch antennas are pla ⁇ ner constructed antennas, as they are particularly in the gigahertz frequency range application.
• the radiating element of a patch antenna is called a patch.
• Monopolar antennas for telephone, DA, WLAN, ... etc can be positioned over shielding plates. Corresponding recesses or struc ⁇ turing of the shroud may be provided.
• the geometric shape, structure and dimensions of a single screen plate depends on the total size and the Geo ⁇ geometry of the antennas, the desired beam pattern of the antenna, the to-shielding tuner, receiver, amplifier, transceiver, and of the position of the shroud relative to all other antennas.
• a corresponding inventive activity is necessary in order to optimize the design of the
• the number of services arranged in a finned antenna is increased by a multiple of that of the prior art because of the space gain that is now possible.
• tuner, receiver and transceiver and a corresponding DA tenan gleich are integrated into the Finnenan ⁇ antenna, without increasing the size of the fin antenna changes. This advantageously achieves an increase in the degree of integration and an introduction of the digital data connection capability compared to today's fin antennas within the same size, although more services and more electronics are integrated into the fin antenna.
• the fin antenna has at least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element from the group of following antenna elements: AM / FM antenna,
• the multi-band antenna For in-vehicle services such as RKE (remote keyless entry) and / or TPMS (tire pressure monitoring system) and / or a PASE system (passive start entry), the multi-band antenna according to Finn compact antenna elements aufwei ⁇ sen. For this purpose, preferably monopole-like antennas and / or planar inverted F-antenna elements in the multi-band fin antenna can be handled.
• a telephone antenna element which can also serve as RKE (remote keyless entry) or WLAN antenna element at the same time is preferred. However, it can also be arranged in this preferred embodiment on the vertically standing board. Furthermore, additional antennas for RKE and WLAN can be implemented.
• the dimensioning of the multiband fin antenna is of the
• the fin antenna may extend over a few 10 mm. Smaller antenna modules Kgs ⁇ NEN be already accommodated in Finns of less than 50 mm with a lower degree of integration.
• the multi-band antenna fin Antennenele ⁇ elements for at least three of the following service groups: AM, DRM, FM; DAB-S, DAB T; DVB-T, DVB-H, DVB-S; GSM850 (AMPS), GSM900; GSM1800, GSM1900, UMTS; Road toll, toll service, WLAN, Bluetooth; GPS, SDARS; UWB, RKE, Long Range,
• TPMS TPMS, PASS; Vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, automatic cruise control (ACC).
• ACC automatic cruise control
• DAB-T terrestrial digital audio radio service
• DAB-S satellite-based digital audio radio service
• the satellite-based digital audio radio service (DAB-S) is located in the upper frequency range of the resonant frequency band L.
• a radio antenna element operates in a lower Resonanzfre ⁇ quence band the frequency band GSM850 with resonant frequencies f sso between 824 MHz ⁇ f 850 ⁇ 894 MHz and the frequency band GSM900 with resonant frequencies f 90 o between 890 MHz ⁇ f 90 o - 960 MHz and the resonance frequencies of the frequency band GSM1800 with resonance frequencies fi. g between 1.71 GHz ⁇ fi. s - 1/88 GHz and the frequency band GSM1900 with resonant frequencies f 1-9 be- see 1.85 GHz ⁇ f L 9 ⁇ 1.99 GHz as well as the frequency band UMTS with frequencies 2. 0 between 1.92 GHz ⁇ £ 2. 0 - 2.17 GHz.
• the above-mentioned GPS patch antenna receives in the frequency range f GPS between 1.574 GHz ⁇ f GPS ⁇ 1.57 GHz, while the SDARS patch antenna in the frequency range fSDARS between 1.574 GHz ⁇ f GPS ⁇ 1.57 GHz, while the SDARS patch antenna in the frequency range fSDARS between 1.574 GHz ⁇ f GPS ⁇ 1.57 GHz, while the SDARS patch antenna in the frequency range fSDARS between 1.574 GHz ⁇ f GPS ⁇ 1.57 GHz, while the SDARS patch antenna in the frequency range fSDARS between
• the resonant frequencies f x for the infrastructure services are significantly higher in the range between 5.87 GHz ⁇ fi ⁇ 5.925 GHz.
• the antenna board with the at least one transmitting and receiving antenna element and the electronic circuits are arranged on a bottom part of an antenna housing.
• This bottom part is de ⁇ dimensioned that it can be arranged as a separate component under a fin-shaped outer cover and can be arranged from the bottom part in the direction of the vehicle interior by means of outstanding connectors in corresponding openings in the outside of the vehicle.
• a protective cover of the antenna housing enclosing the antenna elements is arranged between the antenna elements and the fin-shaped outer cover.
• This protective cover together with the bottom part, forms an inner plastic antenna housing which can be metallised in partial areas in order to reinforce the directional characteristic of the antenna elements. It also protects
• the protective cover has snap tabs that are engageable with snap hooks of the bottom portion, thereby providing a compact antenna housing arises, which can be made separately from the fin-shaped outer cover.
• the fin-shaped outer cover over the antenna housing must ge ⁇ inside out and in corresponding mating openings have prepared on the outside of the vehicle with respective fitting pins ⁇ fitted and fixed.
• the bottom part of snap-on hooks which engage on at ⁇ bring the fin-shaped outer cover to the outer cover.
• the protective cover on a pivot axis on which the fin-shapedassiabde ⁇ ckung can be mounted pivotally. Between the protective cover and the bottom part of the assembled antenna board is clamped and is supported by the bottom part and covered by the protective cover.
• the telephone and RKE antenna a projecting into the fin-shapedassiabde ⁇ ckung plate, the vertical and aligned in the longitudinal direction is set to the antenna board and forms a recess in its foot region in which a GPS Antenna is arranged as a patch antenna.
• a GPS patch antenna is arranged on a shielding plate, which encloses a repeater and / or a Antennenanpassungsschalt- circle and thus these circuits protects against a A ⁇ act of overlying antenna element.
• the shielding enclosing the amplifier and / or antenna matching circuitry also ensures that the EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) is improved.
• a SDARS antenna can also be ⁇ abstandet be arranged from the GPS patch antenna on a further From ⁇ shield plate on the antenna circuit board, wherein the shield encloses an amplifier and / or an antenna matching circuit. Also, this shield acts - like the shield under the GPS patch antenna - and improves the EMC properties of Antennenmo ⁇ module.
• the back of the circuit board is used by ver ⁇ stronger and matching circuits on the top of the circuit board together with the antenna elements are angeord ⁇ net and on the back of the antenna board transceiver, tuner and / or receiver are placed.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic cross section through a
• Multi-band fin antenna according to an embodiment of the invention
• Figure 2 shows a schematic exploded pers ⁇ pektivische view of the multi-band antenna fin ge ⁇ Gurss Fig. 1;
• Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view ei ⁇ ner back of an antenna circuit board
• Figure 4 schematically shows a perspective view of egg ⁇ ner top of the antenna board without Antennenele ⁇ elements and shielding.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a multi-band fin antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
• a first element for RKE telephone and - antenna 2 comprises an electrically conductive plate 17, which tine perpendicularly in the longitudinal direction of the fin on a Wegungspla- 6 is disposed and in their base region 18, a Ausspa ⁇ tion 19, which in a GPS Antenna 3 is arranged, which is galvanically connected to a shield plate 8, wherein the shield plate 8 encloses matching and amplifying circuits, which are also arranged on the circuit board 6.
• a SDARS antenna 4 is arranged on a wide ⁇ ren shield 8 in the front region of the multiband fin antenna, wherein the shield 8 is divided several times and protects different circuits from coupling and crosstalk through the antenna elements. They also improve the enveloping shielding plates 8, the EMC properties of the multi-band fin antenna 1.
• a further protective cover 11 is disposed between the fin-shaped outer cover 5 of the multiband fin antenna a hold ⁇ ren antenna housing 10 between the antenna elements on the circuit board 6 and the fin-shaped outer cover. 5
• This protective cover 11 forms, together with a bottom part 9, which supports and accommodates the circuit board 6, an inner antenna housing 10 which is manufactured, stored, and independent of the fin-shaped cover 5, completely with connectors 16 which protrude downwards from the bottom part 9 can be mounted.
• the snap hooks 12, which are arranged on the protective cover 11 engage and additionally connect with a pivoting device 14 at the other end.
• the fin-shaped outer cover 5 can engage with their arranged at the bottom dowel pins 23 in corresponding passport openings of an outside of the vehicle during a final assembly.
• FIG. 2 shows with Figures 2A-2E is a schematic exploded perspective view of the multiband fin antenna 1 according to Fig. 1.
• FIG 2A is a specific ⁇ matic perspective view of the fin-shaped kannab ⁇ cover 5, via an inner antenna housing 10 of the multi- band-fin antenna 1 is slipped.
• the inner antenna housing 10 is composed of three components, namely a protective cover 11 shown in FIG. 2B, a circuit board 6 equipped with antenna elements 2 to 4, which is shown in FIG. 2C, and a bottom part 9 according to FIG. 2D.
• the protective cover 11 shown in FIG. 2B has two snap hooks 12 on a front end face into which the fin-shaped outer cover 5 shown in FIG. 2A can engage.
• Outer cover 5 can be pivoted to be in engagement with the snap hook 12.
• the protective cover 11 shown in Figure 2B has a plurality of snap tabs 13 engageable with corresponding snap hooks 12 of the bottom part 9 shown in Figure 2D to form an inner antenna housing 10 as shown in Figure 1.
• the antenna circuit board shown in Figure 2C, 6 With this purpose, the loaded antenna board 6 on its upper side 20, the shown also in Figure 1, three Antennenele- elements 2, 3 and 4, wherein ⁇ rich in a recess 19 in the solicitbe 18 of a telephone and RKE antenna 2 is a GPS antenna 3 is arranged on a Abnesockel of a shielding plate 8. Spaced apart from this construction, an SDARS antenna 4 is positioned on a further base made of shielding plate 8.
• the shielding plates 8 cases on the upper side 20 of the formwork ⁇ processing board 6 disposed adaptation and amplification circuits and also ⁇ transceiver, receiver and / or tuner.
• the shielding plates protect against crosstalk and at the same time improve the EMC properties of the multiband fin antenna.
• FIG. 2E schematic perspective Ansich- be shown th of connectors 15 and 16 which can be inserted from below in entspre ⁇ sponding recesses 25 of the bottom part 9 and to respective plug contacts 22 which are disposed on the rear side 21 of the antenna circuit board 6, on ⁇ can be brought.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a rear side 21 of an antenna circuit board 6.
• On the back side 21 are located a plurality of integrated circuits, the receptions and seminars ⁇ ger, tuners and / or represent transceiver.
• plug contacts 22 and 24 can be seen, which protrude through the recesses 25 of the bottom part 9 shown in FIG. 2D, so that the plug connectors 15 and 16 shown in FIG. 2E can be plugged from the underside of the bottom part 9 onto these plug contacts.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of an upper side 20 of the antenna board 6 without antenna elements and without shielding plates. However, FIG. 4 clearly shows the contours 26 and 27 of the box-shaped shielding plates shown in FIGS.
• contour of partitions in particular in the contour 27 of a shielding plate for the SDARS antenna, can also be seen.
• the contours are copper circuit traces on the top surface 20 of the circuit board 6 on which the shielding plates placed ⁇ screwed or can be soldered and then connected to a ground contact. Furthermore, further matching and amplification circuits can be seen in FIG. 4, which interact with the antenna elements not yet mounted here.
• the multiband-fin antenna (1) at least one transmitting and a receiving antenna element (2, 3, 4) from the group AM / FM antennas, telephone and RKE antennas (2), GPS antenna (3), SDARS Antenna (4), stacked patch antenna, DAP antenna, WLAN antenna, WIMAX antenna or DRM antenna.
• the antenna elements (2, 3, 4) can be arranged under a common fin-shaped outer cover (5) on the outside of the
• the fin-shaped outer cover (5) has in the interior of an antenna circuit board (6) on which the at ⁇ antenna elements (2, 3, 4) are arranged on.
• Electronic matching or amplifier circuits (7) with transceiver, tuner or receiver are arranged on both the upper side and the lower side of the antenna board (6).
• Ab ⁇ shield sheets (8) which shield the matching or amplifier ⁇ circuits (7) with transceiver, tuner or receiver relative to the antenna elements (2, 3, 4) are on the arranged on the upper side of the antenna board (6).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=43629227

Family Applications (1)

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• 2009
  • 2009-11-02 DE DE102009051605.0A patent/DE102009051605B4/de active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-10-29 CN CN201080060128.7A patent/CN102714349B/zh active Active
  • 2010-10-29 EP EP10771149A patent/EP2497148A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2010-10-29 WO PCT/EP2010/066479 patent/WO2011051454A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-10-29 US US13/505,552 patent/US9178272B2/en active Active

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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