US9178272B2 - Highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna for a vehicle - Google Patents

Highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna for a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US9178272B2
US9178272B2 US13/505,552 US201013505552A US9178272B2 US 9178272 B2 US9178272 B2 US 9178272B2 US 201013505552 A US201013505552 A US 201013505552A US 9178272 B2 US9178272 B2 US 9178272B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
antenna
circuit board
shark
fin
shielding plate
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US13/505,552
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English (en)
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US20120274519A1 (en
Inventor
Guy-Aymar Chakam
Martin Schürmeier
Florian Butscher
Frank Mierke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive GmbH
Continental Advanced Antenna GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Assigned to CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH, KATHREIN-WERKE KG reassignment CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BUTSCHER, FLORIAN, MIERKE, FRANK, CHAKAM, GUY-AYMAR, DR., SCHURMEIER, MARTIN
Publication of US20120274519A1 publication Critical patent/US20120274519A1/en
Assigned to CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH, KATHREIN-WERKE KG reassignment CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE INVENTOR NAME PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 028859 FRAME 0103. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT. Assignors: BUTSCHER, FLORIAN, MIERKE, FRANK, CHAKAM, GUY-AYMAR, DR., SCHUERMEIER, MARTIN
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Publication of US9178272B2 publication Critical patent/US9178272B2/en
Assigned to KATHREIN SE reassignment KATHREIN SE MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KATHREIN SE, KATHREIN-WERKE KG
Assigned to KATHREIN AUTOMOTIVE GMBH reassignment KATHREIN AUTOMOTIVE GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KATHREIN SE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the antenna module has antenna elements.
  • the antenna elements can be arranged under a common shark-fin-shaped outer cover on the outside of the vehicle.
  • the shark-fin-shaped outer cover has in its interior an antenna circuit board on which the antenna elements are arranged.
  • multiband antennas and multiband antenna devices for vehicles for external assembly on the chassis are known.
  • These multiband antennas include an external shark-fin-shaped cap, a protective cap for stabilizing the antenna elements mechanically, the various antenna elements, a circuit board, one or at most two amplifier or filter circuits and a chassis.
  • the characteristic feature of this multiband antenna is the fact that the antenna elements are on the top of the circuit board fixed to the chassis within the cap.
  • a highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna has previously been lacking which combines as comprehensively as possible antenna elements for radio services, vehicle access systems, communication services, navigation services and/or also TV services and their corresponding tuners, front ends, amplifiers, receivers, transceivers and a suitable data connection (LIN, CAN, USB, LVDS and others) instead of only coaxial cables in one unit.
  • a multiband shark fin antenna having at least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element, wherein the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are arranged under a common shark-fin-shaped outer cover, wherein the shark-fin-shaped outer cover also has in its interior: an antenna circuit board on which the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are arranged, electronic matching or amplifier circuits with transceivers, tuners or receivers which are arranged on the top and underside of the antenna circuit board, and shielding plates which shield the matching or amplifier circuits with transceivers, tuners or receivers from the transmitting and receiving antenna elements on the top of the circuit board, wherein the shielding plates are arranged on the top of the antenna circuit board.
  • At least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element from the group of the following antenna elements: AM/FM antennas, telephone and RKE antenna, GPS antenna, SDARS antenna, stacked patch antenna, DAB antenna, WLAN antenna, WIMAX antenna, and DRM antennas.
  • the antenna circuit board having the transmitting and receiving antenna element and the electronic circuits are arranged on a bottom part of an antenna housing.
  • a protective cover, sheathing the antenna elements, of the antenna housing is arranged between the antenna elements and the shark-fin-shaped outer cover.
  • the bottom part engages with openings in the outer surface of the vehicle.
  • the protective cover engages with the bottom part via snap-action hooks and snap-action lugs.
  • the equipped antenna circuit board is supported by the bottom part and covered by the protective cover.
  • the protective cover has a pivoting axis to which the shark-fin-shaped outer cover is pivotably attached.
  • plug-in connectors protrude out of the bottom part and into the vehicle and are connected to communication devices of the vehicle via feed lines of a cable tree.
  • the telephone and RKE antenna has a plate protruding into the shark-fin-shaped outer cover, which stands vertically on the antenna circuit board and has in its foot area a recess in which a GPS antenna is arranged as patch antenna.
  • a GPS patch antenna is arranged on a shielding plate which encloses an amplifier and/or an antenna matching circuit.
  • an SDARS antenna is arranged as patch antenna spaced apart from the GPS patch antenna on a shielding plate on the antenna circuit board, the shielding plate enclosing an amplifier and/or an antenna matching circuit.
  • amplifier and antenna matching circuits are arranged with the transmitting and receiving antenna element on a top of the antenna circuit board sheathed by shielding plates, and wherein transceivers, tuners or receivers are arranged on a rear of the antenna circuit board.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic cross section through a multiband shark fin antenna according to an example embodiment
  • FIGS. 2A-2E show a diagrammatic pulled-apart perspective view of the multiband shark fin antenna according to FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a rear of an example antenna circuit board, according to an example embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically a perspective view of a top of the example antenna circuit board without antenna elements and shielding plates.
  • Some embodiments provide highly integrated multiband shark fin antennas which combine both receiving and transmitting antennas and their tuners, front ends, amplifiers, receivers, transceivers and a suitable data connection in one shark-fin-shaped housing. Furthermore, a plurality of antenna elements and electronic circuits is to be accommodated in a very small area and an antenna housing is to be provided which can be assembled on an outer surface of a vehicle by simple means and is easily accessible in the case of interference.
  • a highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna is created for a vehicle.
  • the multiband shark fin antenna has at least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element.
  • the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are arranged under a common shark-fin-shaped outer cover.
  • the shark-fin-shaped outer cover has in its interior an antenna circuit board which is fixed on a chassis.
  • On the top of this circuit board there are both the transmitting and receiving antenna elements and also electronic matching or amplifier circuits, transceivers (parts or complete), tuners, front ends or receivers.
  • These electronic circuits are placed optimized locally on the circuit board and grouped depending on service or depending on antenna position and are insulated electrically with the aid of shielding plates in each case in such a manner that they do not cause any interference.
  • a number of shielding plates are located on the top of the circuit board.
  • Further parts of the electronics are located on the bottom of the circuit board and are insulated electrically and shielded correspondingly by the chassis as previously.
  • antennas or antenna elements, respectively, for the different services can be placed.
  • patch antennas or stacked patch antennas for satellite services can be placed coupled directly or only capacitively above shielding plates.
  • Patch antennas are antennas constructed to be planar, as are used especially in the gigahertz frequency band.
  • the radiating element of a patch antenna is called patch.
  • Monopole-like antennas for telephone, DAB, WLAN, etc. can be positioned above shielding plates.
  • Corresponding recesses or structuring of the shielding plate can be provided.
  • the geometric shape, the structure and the dimensions of an individual shielding plate depends on the overall size and the geometry of the antennas, the desired directional pattern of the antenna, the tuner, receiver, amplifier, transceiver to be shielded, and on the position of the shielding plate relative to all other antennas.
  • a corresponding activity may thus be necessary in order to determine an optimal design of the shielding plate in order to achieve at least the same performance similar to the case without shielding plate.
  • a direct and fast return feed of the current to ground is provided for a shielding plate which is below a patch antenna for GPS or SDARS and shields the corresponding amplifier.
  • a corresponding ground pin is provided in the shielding plate structure directly in the vicinity of the feed point of the patch, independently of the type of coupling (direct or capacitive) of the shielding plate to the patch.
  • this ground pin together with the feed pin of the patch, is provided as an electromagnetically closed structure.
  • this multiband shark fin antenna for a vehicle, the number of services which are arranged in a shark fin antenna is increased by a multiple compared with certain conventional antennas due to the gain in space now possible.
  • tuner, receiver and transceiver and a corresponding data connection are integrated in the shark fin antenna without the size of the shark fin antenna being changed.
  • the shark fin antenna has at least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element from the group of the following antenna elements:
  • the multiband shark fin antenna can have correspondingly compact antenna elements.
  • a telephone antenna element which, at the same time, can also serve as RKE (remote keyless entry) or WLAN antenna element may be provided. In this embodiment, however, it can also be disposed on the circuit board standing vertically. Furthermore, other antennas can be implemented for RKE and WLAN.
  • the dimensioning of the multiband shark fin antenna is dependent on the services and their number. This means usually the more antenna elements are to be accommodated on an elongated circuit board in the shark fin antenna, the greater will be the ratio of length to width of the shark fin to be provided on the outside of the vehicle.
  • the length of such a shark fin antenna can extend over some 10 mm. Smaller antenna modules having a lesser degree of integration can be accommodated already in shark fins of less than 50 mm.
  • the multiband shark fin antenna may have antenna elements for at least three of the following groups of services: AM, DRM, FM; DAB-S, DAB T; DVB-T, DVB-H, DVB-S; GSM850 (AMPS), GSM900; GSM1800, GSM1900, UMTS; road toll, toll service, WLAN, Bluetooth; GPS, SDARS, UWB, RKE, Long Range, TPMS, PASE; vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, automatic cruise control (ACC).
  • AM, DRM, FM FM
  • DAB-S DAB T
  • DVB-T DVB-H
  • DVB-S GSM850
  • GSM900 GSM1800, GSM1900, UMTS
  • road toll, toll service WLAN, Bluetooth
  • GPS SDARS, UWB, RKE, Long Range, TPMS, PASE; vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, automatic cruise control (ACC).
  • the terrestrial digital audio radio service (DAB-T) and the satellite-supported digital audio radio service (DAB-S) only one antenna receiving module in the multiband shark fin antenna, this antenna receiving module having a single feed point which is provided both for the resonant-frequency band III having the resonant frequencies f III between 174 MHz ⁇ f III ⁇ 240 MHz and in a further resonant-frequency band L having the resonant frequencies f L between 1452 MHz ⁇ f L ⁇ 1492 MHz.
  • the satellite-supported digital audio radio service (DAB-S) belongs to the upper frequency range of the resonant-frequency band L.
  • one radio antenna element serves the frequency band GSM850 having resonant frequencies f 850 between 824 MHz ⁇ f 850 ⁇ 894 MHz and the frequency band GSM900 having resonant frequencies f 900 between 890 MHz ⁇ f 900 ⁇ 960 MHz and the resonant frequencies of the frequency band GSM1800 having resonant frequencies f 1.8 between 1.71 GHz ⁇ f 1.8 ⁇ 1.88 GHz and the frequency band GSM1900 having resonant frequencies f 1.9 between 1.85 GHz ⁇ f 1.9 ⁇ 1.99 GHz and the frequency band UMTS having frequencies f 2.0 between 1.92 GHz ⁇ f 2.0 ⁇ 2.17 GHz.
  • the abovementioned GPS patch antenna receives in the frequency band f GPS between 1.574 GHz ⁇ f GPS ⁇ 1.577 GHz whilst the SDARS patch antenna receives in the frequency band f SDARS between 2.320 GHz ⁇ f SDARS ⁇ 2.345 GHz.
  • the further frequencies f W for WLAN and Bluetooth services are located between 2.4 GHz ⁇ f W ⁇ 2.485 GHz.
  • the resonant frequencies f I for the infrastructure services are located distinctly above that in the range between 5.87 GHz ⁇ f I ⁇ 5.925 GHz.
  • the antenna circuit board having the at least one transmitting and receiving antenna element and the electronic circuits are arranged on a bottom part of an antenna housing.
  • This bottom part is dimensioned in such a manner that it can be arranged as an independent component under a shark-fin-shaped outer cover and can be arranged in corresponding openings in the outside of the vehicle by means of a plug-in connector protruding out of the bottom part in the direction of the vehicle interior.
  • a protective cover, sheathing the antenna elements, of the antenna housing is arranged between the antenna elements and the shark-fin-shaped outer cover.
  • this protective cover forms an inner antenna housing of plastic which can be metalized in part-areas in order to enhance the directional characteristic of the antenna elements.
  • this protective cover protects against mechanical damage to the antenna elements and the circuits.
  • the protective cover has snap-action lugs which can engage with snap-action hooks of the bottom part so that a compact antenna housing is produced which can be produced separately from the shark-fin-shaped outer cover. During a final assembly, it is only necessary to put the shark-fin-shaped outer cover over the antenna housing and fit it into corresponding prepared fitting openings on the outside of the vehicle with corresponding locating pins and fix it.
  • the bottom part has snap-action hooks which engage with the outer cover when the shark-fin-shaped outer cover is placed on.
  • the protective cover has a pivoting axis to which the shark-fin-shaped outer cover can be pivotably attached.
  • the equipped antenna circuit board is clamped between the protective cover and the bottom part and is supported by the bottom part and covered by the protective cover.
  • the telephone and RKE antenna has a plate protruding into the shark-fin-shaped outer cover, which stands vertically and aligned in the longitudinal direction on the antenna circuit board and forms in its foot area a recess in which a GPS antenna is arranged as patch antenna.
  • a GPS patch antenna is arranged on a shielding plate which encloses an amplifier and/or an antenna matching circuit and thus protects these circuits against an effect from the antenna element arranged above it.
  • the shielding plate which encloses the amplifier and/or antenna matching circuits ensures also that the EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) is improved.
  • an SDARS antenna can also be arranged spaced apart from the GPS patch antenna on a further shielding plate on the antenna circuit board, the shielding plate enclosing an amplifier and/or an antenna matching circuit.
  • This shielding plate too, acts—like already the shielding plate below the GPS patch antenna—and improves the EMC characteristics of the antenna module.
  • the rear of the circuit board is also utilized in that only amplifier and matching circuits are arranged on the top of the circuit board together with the antenna elements, and transceivers, tuners and/or receivers are placed on the rear of the antenna circuit board.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic cross section through a multiband shark fin antenna 1 according to an example embodiment.
  • three antenna elements are arranged underneath a shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 .
  • a first element for a telephone and RKE antenna 2 has an electrically conductive plate 17 which is arranged vertically in the longitudinal direction of the shark fin on a circuit board 6 and has in its foot area 18 a recess 19 in which a GPS antenna 3 is arranged which is directly connected to a shielding plate 8 , the shielding plate 8 sheathing matching and amplifying circuits which are also arranged on the circuit board 6 .
  • an SDARS antenna 4 is arranged on a further shielding plate 8 in the front area of the multiband shark fin antenna, the shielding plate 8 being subdivided several times and protecting different circuits against coupling-in and crosstalk by the antenna elements.
  • the sheathing shielding plates 8 improve the EMC characteristics of the multiband shark fin antenna 1 .
  • a further protective cover 11 of an inner antenna housing 10 is arranged between the antenna elements on the circuit board 6 and the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 .
  • This protective cover 11 together with a bottom part 9 which supports and accommodates the circuit board 6 , forms an inner antenna housing 10 which, completely with plug-in connectors 16 which protrude downward from the bottom part 9 , can be produced, stored and assembled independently of the shark-fin-shaped cover 5 .
  • the snap-action hooks 12 which are arranged at the protective cover 11 lock in and connect, additionally with a pivoting device 14 at the other ends of the protective cover 11 , the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 to the inner antenna housing 10 .
  • the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 can then lock into corresponding locating openings in an outside of the vehicle in a final assembly with their locating pins 23 arranged on the bottom.
  • FIG. 2 shows with FIGS. 2A to 2E a diagrammatic pulled-apart perspective view of the multiband shark fin antenna 1 according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2A shows a diagrammatic perspective view of the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 which is put over an inner antenna housing 10 of the multiband shark fin antenna 1 .
  • the inner antenna housing 10 is composed of three components, namely a protective cover 11 shown in FIG. 2B , a circuit board 6 equipped with antenna elements 2 to 4 , which is shown in FIG. 2C , and a bottom part 9 according to FIG. 2D .
  • the protective cover 11 shown in FIG. 2B has on a front end face two snap-action hooks 12 into which the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 shown in FIG. 2A can lock.
  • the protective cover 11 has on the side opposite to the snap-action hooks 12 a pivoting axis 14 which can be engaged by the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 shown in FIG. 2A and around which the shark-fin-shaped outer cover 5 can be pivoted in order to engage the snap-action hook 12 .
  • the protective cover 11 shown in FIG. 2B has a number of snap-action lugs 13 which can engage corresponding snap-action hooks 12 of the bottom part 9 shown in FIG. 2D in order to form an inner antenna housing 10 as is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the antenna circuit board 6 shown in FIG. 2C is clamped in.
  • the equipped antenna circuit board 6 has on its top 20 the three antenna elements 2 , 3 and 4 , also shown in FIG. 1 , a GPS antenna 3 being arranged on a shielding base of a shielding plate 8 in a recess 19 in the foot area 18 of a telephone and RKE antenna 2 .
  • an SDARS antenna 4 is positioned on a further base of shielding plate 8 .
  • the shielding plates 8 sheath matching and amplifying circuits arranged on the top 20 of the circuit board 6 and also transceivers, receivers and/or tuners. In this arrangement, the shielding plates protect against crosstalk and, at the same time, improve the EMC characteristics of the multiband shark fin antenna.
  • FIG. 2E shows diagrammatic perspective views of plug-in connectors 15 and 16 which can be introduced from below into corresponding recesses 25 of the bottom part 9 and can be placed onto corresponding plug contacts 22 which are arranged on the rear 21 of the antenna circuit board 6 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a rear 21 of an antenna circuit board 6 .
  • a number of integrated circuits are arranged which can represent receivers, tuners and/or transceivers.
  • plug contacts 22 and 24 can be seen which protrude through the recesses 25 , shown in FIG. 2D , of the bottom part 9 so that the plug-in connectors 15 and 16 shown in FIG. 2E can be plugged onto these plug contacts from the underside of the bottom part 9 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a top 20 of the antenna circuit board 6 without antenna elements and without shielding plates.
  • the contours 26 and 27 of the box-shaped shielding plates shown in FIGS. 1 and 2C can be seen clearly in FIG. 4 , the contour of partitions also being recognizable, especially in the case of the contour 27 of a shielding plate for the SDARS antenna.
  • contours are copper conductor tracks on the top 20 of the circuit board 6 onto which the shielding plates can be screwed or soldered and are then connected to a ground contact. Furthermore, further matching and amplifying circuits can be seen in FIG. 4 which interact with the antenna elements not yet assembled here.
  • a multiband shark fin antenna ( 1 ) for a vehicle is disclosed.
  • the multiband shark fin antenna ( 1 ) has at least one transmitting and one receiving antenna element ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) from the group of AM/FM antennas, telephone and RKE antennas ( 2 ), GPS antenna ( 3 ), SDARS antenna ( 4 ), stacked patch antenna, DAB antenna, WLAN antenna, WIMAX antenna or DRM antenna.
  • the antenna elements ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) can be arranged under a common shark-fin-shaped outer cover ( 5 ) on the outside of the vehicle.
  • the shark-fin-shaped outer cover ( 5 ) has in its interior an antenna circuit board ( 6 ) on which the antenna elements ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) are arranged.
  • Electronic matching or amplifier circuits ( 7 ) with transceivers, tuners or receivers are arranged both on the top and underside of the antenna circuit board ( 6 ).
  • Shielding plates ( 8 ) which shield the matching or amplifier circuits ( 7 ) with transceivers, tuners or receivers from the antenna elements ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) are arranged on the top of the antenna circuit board ( 6 ).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
US13/505,552 2009-11-02 2010-10-29 Highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna for a vehicle Active 2032-04-02 US9178272B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009051605.0 2009-11-02
DE102009051605.0A DE102009051605B4 (de) 2009-11-02 2009-11-02 Hochintegrierte Multiband-Finnenantenne für ein Fahrzeug
DE102009051605 2009-11-02
PCT/EP2010/066479 WO2011051454A1 (de) 2009-11-02 2010-10-29 Hochintegrierte multiband-finnenantenne für ein fahrzeug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120274519A1 US20120274519A1 (en) 2012-11-01
US9178272B2 true US9178272B2 (en) 2015-11-03

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US13/505,552 Active 2032-04-02 US9178272B2 (en) 2009-11-02 2010-10-29 Highly integrated multiband shark fin antenna for a vehicle

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Country Link
US (1) US9178272B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2497148A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102714349B (zh)
DE (1) DE102009051605B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2011051454A1 (zh)

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EP2497148A1 (de) 2012-09-12
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