Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
  • E01D15/124—Folding or telescopic bridges; Bridges built up from folding or telescopic sections
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
  • E01D15/127—Portable or sectional bridges combined with ground-supported vehicles for the transport, handling or placing of such bridges or of sections thereof
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/14—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/14—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges
  • E01D15/20—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges collapsible, expandable, inflatable or the like with main load supporting structure consisting only of non-rigid members

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a temporary bridge for crossing breaches, especially for the passage of pedestrians, vehicles or other mobile craft.
• Such bridges are known allowing the crossing of a gap by means of one or more bridges assembled together, these bridges being possibly foldable in the rest position of these bridges.
• the dimensions of the bridges typically require a clear ground to allow their deployment.
• a preparation of the ground by qualified operators may therefore be necessary prior to the deployment of the bridge, particularly as an example, when wooded areas are adjacent to the gap to be crossed.
• raceway of these bridges must be suitable in some applications to receive one or more heavy vehicles.
• This runway is, therefore, rigid and integral with each of the bridges.
• the raceway thus weighs down the total weight of the bridge to be transported.
• the weight of the deckboards thus assembled must be compensated for by the weight of the laying machine in order to avoid any imbalance of the deck when the deck is removed. bridge.
• the vehicle must, therefore, have a suitable chassis, is not mobile in rough terrain.
• the objective of the present invention is to provide a system for breaching breaches, simple in its design and its operating mode, particularly compact and lightweight to allow deployment in hard-to-reach areas and in any type of operational conditions.
• the present invention therefore aims at a particularly light temporary bridge allowing the use of a less heavy, and therefore more mobile, carrying craft capable of moving in areas of inaccessible terrain that are not accessible with the laying machines of the art. prior.
• This objective is achieved by a drastic reduction in the number of actuators required for the deployment of the bridge, this reduction being authorized by the implementation of connecting arms simultaneously connecting three consecutive bridge elements to each other.
• This relief of the temporary bridge can be further accentuated by the implementation of a light running track.
• This rolling track is then reported after deployment of the temporary bridge, for example.
• the deployment of the bridge without its running track also allows the implementation of a less complex and faster deployment system.
• Another object of the present invention is a fully autonomous temporary container / bridge assembly allowing deployment of the temporary bridge from said container.
• This container is also compact so as not to require the implementation of a specific carrier but a transport truck equipped with a handling arm.
• This container is also transportable by sea being loadable / unloadable with conventional infrastructure.
• the invention relates to a temporary bridge comprising two bays each comprising at least three bridge elements intended to be superimposed when the bridge is in a first so-called unexpanded position, the bridge elements of each of these bays being hinged together. relative to each other, two consecutive bridge elements are interconnected by at least two connecting arms mounted on the same side edge of said bridge elements.
• two consecutive connecting arms form with the two consecutive bridge elements that they connect a deformable regular parallelogram so that the displacement of a bridge element relative to an immediately lower bridge element in the stack of a span said undeployed position of said bridge causes a circular translation of said bridge member with respect to said immediately lower bridge member of said span,
• said connecting arms is common to three consecutive bridge elements, said three consecutive bridge elements being interconnected by said same connecting arm; said bridge comprises means for displacing said each of the bridge elements superimposed on another bridge element in said first position, between this first position and a second, so-called extended position, wherein said bridge elements are coupled to form said bridge.
• the connecting arms each connecting three consecutive bridge elements advantageously provide a simultaneous and uniform movement of the bridge elements thus connected.
• Consecutive bridge elements means that these bridge elements of one and the same span are directly placed one above the other in the stack of the so-called undeployed position of the temporary bridge. These consecutive or successive bridge elements of the same span are intended to be placed end to end to form at least a portion of the deployed bridge.
• rolling track is meant here the external surface of the temporary bridge on which pedestrians, vehicles and other mobile equipment are intended to circulate.
• these elements are structurally able to support these vehicles and / or pedestrians.
• Such bridge elements are then constituted, for illustrative purposes, a lattice structure or a parallel beam assembly, these beams being spaced from each other regularly or not.
• each of the bridge elements may be distinct from the temporary bridge. They may for example be placed on the container used for transporting the temporary bridge in its first so-called undeployed position. For purely illustrative purposes, these displacement means are placed on the floor structure of this container.
• At least one bridge element of one of said bays is connected to a corresponding bridge element of the other bay,
• the bridge comprises one or more reinforcing elements connecting the two bays to each other.
• these reinforcing elements are transverse beams, or spacers, connecting the two bays to one another at the level of corresponding bridge elements.
• corresponding bridge elements of the two bays that these bridge elements are placed in the same order and position in each of the two bays.
• the bridge element of a first span corresponding to the distal end bridge element of the other span ie the bridge element placed at the upper end of the stack of elements. this other span in the undeployed position of the bridge, is the distal end bridge element of the first span.
• connecting arms being common to both spans, a portion of a connecting arm rotatably connected to a bridge element of a first span is also connected in rotation to a corresponding bridge element of the other span; said connecting arms are mounted on one and the same side edge of said bridge elements between the two bays,
• the bridge element intended to constitute the lower end of the stack formed by the bridge elements superimposed in said first position of the temporary bridge being received on a support
• the displacement means of each of the elements of bridge comprises an actuator pivotally connected to said support
• this actuator can be pivotally connected to the floor structure of the container.
• the other mobile end of this actuator is, for example, connected to one of said connecting arms of at least one of said bays or to a reinforcing element connecting said bays.
• each of said spans comprising n bridge elements with n> 3, the number of link arms each connecting three consecutive bridge elements to each other is equal to n-2,
• said displacement means of each of said bridge elements comprise a single actuator whose movable end is connected detachably or not to the two bays so as to simultaneously move the bridge elements of the two bays, preferably the moving end. This actuator is then connected removably or not to a reinforcing element connecting the two bays to each other.
• each of said connecting arms to which is connected said movable end comprises a connecting rod of link connecting three consecutive bridge elements to each other and a driving element of said connecting rod to which the free end of said actuator is connected, said connecting rod being connected to said driving element by a flexible connection so that said actuator is able to move the assembly comprising said link rod and said drive member from a rest position to a position of separation of said link rod in which said connecting rod separates from said drive member to continue its moving while being connected to said driving element by said flexible link,
• This free end of the actuator can either be connected directly to the connecting arms by means of a rotary attachment, or to a reinforcing element connecting the bays to each other.
• said driving element or elements each comprise a winding-unwinding device for receiving the flexible link
• the bridge element intended to constitute the lower end of the stack formed by said superimposed bridge elements comprises means for anchoring to the ground
• each bridge element comprises, at at least one of its ends, a coupling face capable of cooperating with the coupling face of another bridge element so as to assemble these bridge elements when they are fitted together;
• These coupling faces may have a bevelled profile or any other shape to block the mating faces of two consecutive bridge elements when they are put end to end.
• These faces may also have a slope of equal value of a pair of consecutive bridge elements and assembled to another, but these slopes may also be different to give a curvature to said temporary bridge.
• This curvature may in particular be progressive to form an arch. This latter geometry not only ensures a better mechanical strength of the temporary bridge by a resumption of efforts but it can also allow to overcome obstacles such as a pipe or other.
• the bridge element intended to constitute the lower end of the stack formed by the elements of superimposed bridge in the undeployed position of the temporary bridge comprises at least one jack to allow the lifting or lowering of the temporary bridge in the deployed position relative to the ground surface surrounding each of said bridge elements, these cylinders are advantageously pivoted between a rest position where they are placed along their corresponding bridge element so as to allow the temporary bridge to be positioned in the undeployed position in a container and an active position where they are oriented towards the ground so that their free end can enter in contact with the ground to allow to lower or lift the temporary bridge in the deployed position.
• the bridge being in its deployed position, it is based on two cylinders each placed at an angle of said temporary bridge in its deployed position.
• These cylinders have several advantages. First, they can be implemented to raise the temporary bridge over the end of the pivot axis of the bottom of the container to disassemble the temporary bridge and the container.
• These cylinders may also make it possible to compensate for a difference in relative height between the edges of the breach to be crossed, this height difference being positive or negative.
• the edge opposite the edge of the gap from which the temporary bridge is deployed is of a height, or height, lower than the latter, the cylinders mounted on the bridge elements distal of the temporary bridge can allow compensate for this difference in height to lay the bridge on the opposite edge.
• these cylinders can be replaced by telescopic support members.
• the temporary bridge having a rolling track reported on each of the two bays, said track is a flexible raceway and said bays have fasteners for securing this flexible track to said bridge elements,
• said reported rolling track may comprise metal plates hinged together.
• the raceway has several track sections, each of these sections being secured to a bridge element, - the raceway is integral and removable, the flexible running track comprises at least one woven structure,
• This rolling track may also comprise an auxiliary woven structure comprising a ply of warp yarns and a sheet of weft yarns, said woven structure being superimposed on said auxiliary woven structure and the connection between the two woven structures being made so as to constitute between the two structures, from place to place, tubular pockets oriented along the warp son or the weft son.
• these pockets when these pockets are oriented in the direction of the length of the bridge, they can serve as receiving housing of reported elements for various purposes.
• These pockets can also receive metal reinforcing bars or composite material.
• the ends of these bars may form projections intended to cooperate with guide rail elements arranged on the bridge elements.
• the ends of these bars can thus slide in rails having a C-shaped or U-shaped section, which not only makes it possible to guide the running track along said bridge element but also allows it to be secured to that -this.
• the tread may comprise an upper face having the surface relief necessary for a good adhesion of the vehicles circulating on its surface such as the woven structure described by the present applicant in the patent application WO 95/26435 and a flat lower face ensuring the sliding of the raceway on the bridge elements.
• This lower face may be constituted by said auxiliary woven structure.
• This lower face may also include fixing elements necessary for securing said raceway to the bridge elements.
• this lower face may comprise eyelets intended to receive projections placed on the surface of the bridge elements. These protrusions may be lugs having at their upper end a stop, the lugs then being forced into the eyelets.
• These eyelets are preferably placed in the right pockets formed by the connection of the auxiliary structure and the woven structure to form housing capable of receiving said projections.
• each bridge element comprises on at least one of its lateral edges a guide rail element, these rail elements cooperating with each other to define a guide rail when the bridge elements are placed end to end to guide the movement of said track along said bridge,
• said linking arm connecting said three bridge elements is at least one connecting the bridge element intended to constitute the lower end of the stack formed by said superimposed bridge elements in said first position and said two bridge elements placed just above in said stack,
• this actuator is a hydraulic, electromagnetic or electrical cylinder
• the temporary bridge comprises at least one flotation structure on which this temporary bridge is intended to be placed when said deck is launched,
• each bridge element can be fixed in width or have an adjustable width. It may indeed be interesting to maintain reduced dimensions to these bridge elements for storage and transport, while having a large track width.
• each bridge element may comprise a beam assembly comprising a fixed central beam connected to side beams by a system for adjusting the spacing between the central beam and these lateral beams.
• this adjustment system may comprise jacks connected at their ends to said beams and placed therebetween. These cylinders are for example hydraulic cylinders.
• each of these sections of the track comprises at least two parts at least partially superimposed and slidable relative to each other to adapt to the width variations of the bridge element.
• Each of these parts is, for example, made integral with a lateral beam.
• the displacement of this lateral beam with respect to the central beam causes a corresponding sliding of the section portion of the track.
• each of these bays comprise fastening means able to maintain a lateral extension of the raceway.
• this lateral extension may comprise a single plate or several plates assembled together.
• the invention also relates to a temporary bridge with multiple tracks.
• this bridge comprises at least one central span placed between two end bays, each of said bays comprising at least three bridge elements intended to be superposed when said bridge is in a first position called non-deployed position, said elements of bridge of each of these bays being hinged relative to each other, two consecutive bridge elements being interconnected by at least two connecting arms mounted on the same side edge of said bridge elements between two bays,
• two consecutive connecting arms form with the two consecutive bridge elements that they connect a deformable regular parallelogram so that the displacement of a bridge element relative to an immediately lower bridge element in the stack of a span of said non-deployed position of said bridge, causes a circular translation of said bridge member with respect to said immediately lower bridge element of said span,
• At least one of said connecting arms is common to three consecutive bridge elements, said three consecutive bridge elements being interconnected by said same connecting arm,
• this bridge comprises means for moving each of said bridge elements superimposed on another bridge element in said first position, between this first position and a second position, so-called deployed, where said bridge elements are coupled to form said bridge, said displacement means comprising two actuators, each of these actuators being placed at least partly between a separate end span and said central span, the end of each of said actuators being connected to one of said connecting arms of at least one of said corresponding bays or to a reinforcing element connecting the corresponding end span and the central span.
• each of said actuators may be removably or non-detachably connected to one of said connecting arms of at least one of said corresponding bays or to a reinforcing element connecting the corresponding end span and the central span.
• the moving means may be distinct from the temporary bridge and be placed on the container for transporting the temporary bridge, for example on the floor structure thereof.
• the invention finally relates to an assembly comprising a temporary bridge and a container for receiving this bridge in the so-called undeployed position.
• this bridge is a temporary bridge as described above.
• This container which may be a container or a box, is intended to be carried by carrier.
• This carrier is advantageously an all-terrain vehicle such as a crawler or wheeled vehicle.
• this container is preferably a storage container of 20 feet (6,058 m) or 40 feet (12,192 m) long.
• This assembly advantageously comprises an autonomous energy supply system of said temporary bridge, this system comprising at least one hydraulic fluid storage unit, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic supply circuit.
• This hydraulic circuit is connected to the actuator of the temporary bridge.
• the bottom of said container comprises a pivot axis of said temporary bridge in its non-deployed position to allow a rotation of this bridge relative to the bottom of the container to place the temporary bridge in a deployment position.
• This deployment position corresponds at least to a positioning of the temporary bridge in its undeployed position in front of the breach wet or not to cross.
• the temporary bridge is also centered relative to the container.
• this deployment position advantageously corresponds to a temporary bridge in its undeployed position, oriented for deployment in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the carrier vehicle supporting the container so that the carrier vehicle has the ability to retreat to bring the temporary bridge closer to the edge of the breach to cross.
• the container may comprise a support plate movable in rotation, the support plate being rotated by a rotary rack actuator, said support plate being adapted to receive the temporary bridge in its undeployed position.
• this rotary jack is a hydraulic rotary jack with rack.
• the movable support plate in rotation makes it possible to separate the rotational movement of the temporary bridge in its non-deployed position to be positioned in the deployed position, of the translational movement produced by the container during its removal from the ground for the purpose of launching the temporary bridge. .
• This support plate also allows clamping of the temporary bridge in its transport and deployment positions so that the rollers connected to the support plate only work in the phase of rotation, the transport efforts and especially deployment being too important to these rollers.
• This container may further comprise a storage area of the raceway and means for unrolling / winding the raceway when the latter is a flexible raceway.
• the container comprises a floor structure comprising a housing for at least partially receiving said means for moving each of said bridge elements in a rest position so that said means can be partially offset in this position for allow positioning in the transport position of said temporary bridge in its undeployed position in said container.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically a partial view of a temporary bridge in its so-called undeployed position according to a particular embodiment of the invention, for the sake of clarity, one of the two bays of the bridge has been omitted;
• FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the temporary bridge of FIG. 1 at the beginning of its deployment phase;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the temporary bridge of FIG. 1 in which the end of the single actuator has reached the end of its displacement, the driving element being in its separation position;
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the temporary bridge of FIG. 1 in which the connecting arm separates from the driving element to allow the end of the deployment of said bridge while being connected to this driving element by a flexible connection;
• FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the temporary bridge of FIG. 1 deployed;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a carrier comprising a temporary container / bridge assembly and towing a trailer receiving a container having a flotation structure according to a particular embodiment of the invention
• Figure 7 is a perspective view of the container / temporary bridge assembly of Figure 6;
• FIG. 8 is a top view of a temporary bridge in its deployed position, received and assembled to a flotation structure according to a particular embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 10 schematically represents a partial view of a transport vehicle and a container / temporary bridge assembly in its so-called non-deployed position according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said assembly having been deposited on the ground by handling means placed on said transport unit;
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view of said container / temporary bridge assembly of FIG. 10, said temporary bridge in its so-called undeployed position being in a deployment position;
• FIG. 12 shows in perspective the container of Figure 11, the support plate being in the transport position of the temporary bridge in said not deployed position;
• FIG. 13 shows in perspective the container of Figure 11, the support plate having rotated 90 ° about a pivot axis to place the support plate in the deployment position of the temporary bridge;
• FIG. 14 shows in perspective the container of Figure 11 without the support plate to reveal the orientation ring of the container
• FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the container / temporary bridge assembly of FIG. 11 with the temporary bridge being deployed;
• FIG. 16 is an enlarged partial side view of the container / temporary bridge assembly of FIG. 15;
• FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the container / temporary bridge assembly of FIG. 11, the temporary bridge being the end of the deployment phase;
• FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the temporary bridge of FIG. 11, the temporary bridge being in its deployed position and having been separated from the container;
• FIGS 1 to 5 show successive and partial views of the deployment of a temporary bridge according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• the main stages of the deployment of this temporary bridge are thus represented from its initial position said not deployed to its final position where the bridge is fully deployed to allow the passage of vehicles and / or people over a gap.
• This improved temporary bridge comprises two bays 1, 2 each comprising three bridge elements 3-5 which are superimposed in a first position, said not deployed bridge, to form a vertical stack. These two stacks corresponding to the two spans have a very small volume of space that allows the transport of this bridge temporary in a container.
• the dimensions of the container advantageously allow road transport, or fluvial thereof.
• This temporary bridge comprises a platform or plate 6 on which are fixed for each bay 1, 2, the bridge elements 3-5 for forming the lower end of the stack in the unexpanded position of the bridge.
• This platform 6 advantageously allows to support, move and orient this temporary bridge in its undeployed position.
• This platform 6 may include anchoring means on the ground (not shown) ensuring a good grip of the bridge on loose or unstable ground.
• These anchoring means may comprise reliefs placed on the lower face of the platform 6 or even piles hingedly connected to the upper surface of the platform so as to be pivotable between a storage position in which these piles are placed. above the platform 6 and an anchoring position in which they are placed on the periphery of this platform for anchoring to the ground.
• bridge elements 3-5 are advantageously removably connected to each other to allow the length of each span 1, 2 to be varied. It is thus possible to adapt the length of the bridge to the gap to be crossed (not shown). . These bridge elements 3-5 are also articulated with respect to each other.
• the first and last bridge members 3, 5 of each span are thus each connected to the bridge element 4 intermediate this span by a pair of link arms 7, 8, 9 mounted on the same side edge of these elements of bridge 3-5 being placed between the two bays 1, 2.
• One of these connecting arms 8 connecting the bridge element 5 intended to form the lower end of the stack formed by the bridge elements 3-5 superimposed in the first position of the temporary bridge and the intermediate bridge element 4, also connects this intermediate bridge element 4 to the bridge element 3 placed at the upper end of this stack.
• This single connecting arm 8 therefore connects the three bridge elements 3-5 of the corresponding span 1, 2, and is therefore common to these three consecutive bridge elements 3-5.
• link arms 7-9 are rotatably mounted on the bridge elements 3-5 to allow relative movement of each of these bridge elements 3-5.
• These link arms 7-9 comprise, for example, connecting rods.
• the temporary bridge also comprises means for moving each of these bridge elements 3, 4 superimposed on another bridge element 4, 5 in said first position, between this first position and a second, so-called extended position, where these elements of bridge 3-5 are coupled longitudinally to form the bridge in its so-called deployed position.
• These displacement means here comprise a single actuator 10 placed essentially between the two bays 1, 2, this actuator being consequently protected by the bridge elements 3-5.
• This actuator 10 which is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, is rotatably connected to the platform 6.
• its free end 11 is connected to the connecting arm 8 of each of the spans 1, 2 connecting the three elements. respective bridge 3-5 thereof via a common axis.
• a displacement of this free end 11 of the jack thus makes it possible to simultaneously move the bridge elements 3-5 of each of the spans 1, 2. This ensures a uniform and rapid deployment of the bridge.
• This common axis is here a reinforcing element such as a beam, connecting at each of its ends a corresponding bridge element 4 of each span 1, 2.
• this reinforcing element (not shown) is connected to each of Spans 1, 2 at the axes of rotation of the connecting arms with the corresponding bridge elements 3-5, for example at one of the rotary fasteners of these connecting arms on the bridge elements.
• the implementation of a single actuator 10 can significantly reduce the temporary bridge allowing easier handling and transport thereof. The temporary bridge in its undeployed position can thus be transported in a light vehicle unlike the deployable bridges of the prior art which required specifically adapted transport devices.
• the link arms 7-9 and the actuator 10 being placed between the two bays 1, 2, they are protected from possible ballistic fire by the structure of the bridge elements 3-5, which forms a shield. It is thus avoided, purely for illustrative purposes, that in a military application of this bridge, an enemy projectile can not touch the hydraulic circuit of a jack hydraulic or one of the link arms 7-9 which could result in abandonment of the bridge made impractical.
• the temporary bridge comprises a control and control unit (not shown) for controlling the actuation of the actuator 10 as well as a source of autonomous hydraulic fluid supply for this actuator, this control unit comprising a transceiver to receive remote control commands.
• this control unit comprising a transceiver to receive remote control commands.
• the temporary bridge having its own power source and being autonomous, it can be advantageously positioned near the breach to be crossed to be deployed at a distance, which avoids exposing a possible engineering crew in conflict zones.
• Figure 3 shows the temporary bridge being deployed, the free end 1 1 of the single actuator 10 having arrived at the end of the race.
• the connecting arm 8 connecting the three bridge elements 3-5 of the same span 1, 2 is then placed in front of a point of equilibrium, ie, and for illustrative purposes only, for a flat surface ground, that this connecting arm protrudes by a few degrees a vertical plane relative to the ground passing through the free end of this actuator, so that at least the weight of the upper deck element 3 causes gravity the end of the deployment of the bridge .
• These link arms 8, to which the end 11 of the actuator 10 is connected each preferably comprise a driving element 12 and a corresponding connecting rod 13 (FIG 4).
• This drive element 12 may, for example, be an open tubular portion for receiving and supporting the connecting rod 13 connecting the three bridge elements 3-5 to drive it in its displacement caused by the single actuator 10.
• This connecting rod 13 is then connected to the drive element 12 by a flexible connection 14 such as a wire rope, so that the bridge elements 3, 4 continue their movement to the deployed position of the bridge.
• a flexible connection 14 such as a wire rope
• These drive elements 12 may each further comprise a winder-unwinder device (not shown) to receive the corresponding cable 14.
• Each cable 14 can be further connected to the connecting rod
• This winder-unwinder device may further comprise a motorized winding axis in order to return the temporary bridge from its second position, said extended position, to the position of separation of the connecting rod 13 and the driving element 12 corresponding.
• the actuator 10 is then activated to retract its mobile part comprising the free end 11 of this actuator, thereby bringing the bridge elements 3, 4 of each bay into the stack of the first so-called not deployed from the bridge.
• the drive element 12 ensures that the cable 14 is at a high point relative to the ground surface to facilitate the lifting of the bridge in its deployed position.
• Two consecutive connecting arms 7-8, 8-9 form with the at least two consecutive bridge elements 4-5, 3-4 that they connect a deformable regular parallelogram so that the displacement of a bridge element relative to to an immediately lower bridge element in the stack of the unexpanded position of the temporary bridge causes a circular translation of this bridge element with respect to the immediately lower bridge element of the corresponding span 1, 2.
• Each bridge element 3-5 may also comprise at least one stop (not shown) placed on its lateral edge receiving the connecting arms 7-9 so as to block their movement when the bridge elements 3-5 are put end to end to form at least a portion of the deployed bridge.
• the temporary bridge has a reported raceway (not shown) which is a flexible raceway and fasteners for securing this flexible track to the bridge elements 3-5.
• This rolling track advantageously has a longitudinal dimension greater than the length of the bridge once deployed so as to cover a floor area adjacent to the deployed bridge.
• This rolling track is, for example, a woven structure which is formed of warp son arranged in a single layer and weft son also arranged in a single layer, the weave of said woven structure being such that each warp intersects with the following weft threads, preferably and very approximately, half of the intersections of the rows and columns of the armor, the warp thread being left in the remaining intersections, so that for each warp thread, to obtain at least one zone of simple and tight armor followed by a zone of floats, the alternation of the various aforesaid zones causing tightening of the weft threads creating an important relief of the fabric thus produced.
• preferably and very approximately is meant an equality of takings and leashs of each warp which is not absolute but which on the contrary can deviate from 10 to 15% for example, or even more, it being understood that the further we go from strict equality, the more the profession will require adjustments.
• this tread may be a woven structure formed of warp threads arranged in a single layer and weft threads also arranged in a single layer, said woven structure comprising first weft threads placed above or below second weft yarns defining a main plane, said first weft yarns thus forming protrusions in the woven structure.
• the weft threads advantageously have a diameter of the order of 50 to
• the warp threads preferably have a diameter smaller than that of the weft threads.
• the bridge elements 3-5 then comprise beams assembled in parallel being spaced apart from each other. These beams are made of a hard material selected from the group consisting of steel, titanium, an aluminum alloy or a composite material. These beams may have a rectangular section or I with a flat surface at each end to support the raceway. These beams can also be connected by a bottom that can be pierced for the evacuation of water.
• the first and the last of these bridge elements 3, 5 forming the bridge in the deployed position advantageously comprise at their free end an access ramp (not shown) to this bridge. This access ramp can be mounted in an articulated manner to adapt the ramp to the machines or pedestrians brought to move on the surface of the temporary bridge.
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a carrier comprising a temporary container / bridge assembly 15 and towing a trailer 16 receiving a container 17 having a buoyancy structure according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• Each container 15, 17 is here an iso storage container of a length of 20 feet (6,058 m) for transporting these containers on conventional commercial vehicles, here a logistics transport truck.
• Figure 7 is a detailed view of the container / temporary bridge assembly in its undeployed position.
• the container has a bottom 18 on which is placed the temporary bridge in its undeployed position.
• the height relative to the ground of the bottom of the container 15 placed on the carrier makes it possible to compensate for the difference in relative height between the banks that the temporary bridge must connect. As an illustration, this height is of the order of 1 m20 to 1 m60.
• the temporary bridge comprises two spans 1, 2 each comprising five bridge elements 19-23.
• the two bays 1, 2 are interconnected by reinforcing elements 24 which are here metal beams.
• the end bridge elements 19 which are each placed at the lower end of the stack of each span 1, 2 in the unexpanded position of the temporary bridge, are interconnected by a base 25 supporting the actuator 26.
• This actuator 26 which is telescopic, is removably connected to an axis 27 connecting the fasteners 28 of the connecting arms 29 connected to the bridge elements 20 placed just above the lower end bridge elements 19.
• these End bridge members 19, 23 each comprise an articulated ramp 30 which is pivotable when the temporary bridge is in its extended position to form a continuous raceway from the ground surface.
• the bottom 18 of the container 15 has a pivot axis (not shown) of the temporary bridge in its undeployed position to allow a 90 ° rotation of this bridge so as to place the temporary bridge in a deployment position, also called launch position of the temporary bridge.
• the pivot axis is placed in the container so that the temporary bridge, in its undeployed position, having made a rotation of the order of 90 °, the temporary bridge is in a deployment position and is placed at least partially projecting from the rear end of said container.
• the container also comprises means for rotating the temporary bridge in its non-deployed position about the pivot axis.
• These means for rotating the bridge are advantageously hydraulic means.
• these hydraulic means may comprise an actuator such as a jack, making it possible to move the bridge in rotation about the pivot axis.
• these hydraulic means may comprise toothing elements placed at the end of said pivot axis, these toothing elements cooperating with complementary gripping elements placed in said hole of the end bridge element 19 receiving the end said pivot axis for transmitting the rotational movement of the pivot axis AP to this bridge element 19.
• the container comprises an autonomous system 31 for supplying hydraulic fluid to the bridge, this system comprising a hydraulic fluid storage unit, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic supply circuit connected to both the single actuator and to these means. to rotate the temporary bridge in its undeployed position.
• this system comprising a hydraulic fluid storage unit, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic supply circuit connected to both the single actuator and to these means. to rotate the temporary bridge in its undeployed position.
• Figure 8 is a top view of a temporary bridge in its deployed position, received and assembled to a buoyancy structure according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• the buoyancy structure is received in the folded position in a separate container 17 supported by the trailer 16 towed by the temporary bridge carrier.
• this buoyancy structure comprises two floats 32, 33 each having a motor for maneuvering them independently. Floats may further include means for remote remotely from the edge of the wet breach to be crossed.
• the container 17 comprising the flotation structure deploys when it is launched by gravity. The floats 32, 33 stored in pairs in the container are then released to the surface of the water. They are then separated from each other to form a flotation structure comprising two floats 32, 33 connected to one another by two spacers 34.
• the temporary bridge in its deployed position can then be placed on this flotation structure by being secured to this flotation structure by fasteners.
• Figure 10 shows a partial view of a transport apparatus and a container / temporary bridge assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• the container 40 is here an iso storage container with a length of 20 feet (6,058 m) allowing its transport on commercial vehicles such as a logistics transport truck 41.
• the container / temporary bridge assembly is placed on the surface the soil being connected to the handling means 42 placed on the transport unit 41, these handling means 42 having allowed the removal of this set.
• These handling means 42 here comprise an articulated handling arm which is connected to a high pressure hydraulic circuit (not shown).
• the transport vehicle 41 serves as a counterweight during these loading operations from the ground / removal of the container / temporary bridge assembly.
• the temporary bridge 43 is still in its non-deployed position by being entirely received in the container 40.
• This temporary bridge 43 here comprises two bays 44, 45 each comprising five bridge elements 46 which are superimposed in the undeployed position of the bridge. to form for each span 44, 45 a stacked structure vertically small footprint.
• the container 40 also comprises displacement means 47 of these bridge elements 46 so as to move the temporary bridge between its undeployed position and its deployed position.
• These displacement means 47 here comprise a single hydraulic actuator connected to a self-contained hydraulic fluid supply circuit, this supply circuit comprising a diesel engine.
• These displacement means 47 are placed on the container while being movable between a rest position in which they are set back to allow the positioning of the temporary bridge 43 in the container 40 and an operational position where they ensure the deployment of the temporary bridge 43.
• the displacement in rotation of these displacement means 47 between these two positions is provided by cylinders 48 , 49 which are here hydraulic cylinders.
• the single actuator 47 here comprises a jack capable of exerting a tensile force of about 16 tons.
• the container 40 has a perforated floor structure formed by I-shaped beams parallel to each other. Some of these beams define a housing adapted to receive at least part of the moving means in their rest position. The displacement means being received in this housing, the container can receive in the transport position, the temporary bridge in its undeployed position. These beams are here made of steel.
• the floor structure of the container also comprises one or more raceways 50 providing rotational guidance of a support plate 51 supporting the temporary bridge 43 in its undeployed position.
• This support plate 51 is itself connected to an orientation ring 52 defining a pivot axis AP allowing a rotation of at least 90 ° of this support plate 51.
• a rotation of 90 ° of the support plate 51 makes it possible to move the temporary bridge 43 between its transport position on the transport vehicle and a deployment position from which it can be launched to cross a gap, this temporary bridge 43 being in its undeployed position during this movement.
• This pivot axis AP is here formed by an orientation ring 52 cooperating with said support plate 51, this slewing ring 52 being rotated by a rotary hydraulic jack with double rack.
• the container comprises first fasteners 53 ensuring the locking of the support plate 51 when the temporary bridge is intended to be placed in the transport position ( Figure 12) and the second fasteners 54 ensuring the locking of the support plate 51 when the temporary bridge is in its position. Deployment position so that the container / support platform assembly regains the forces associated with the launch of the temporary bridge (Fig. 13).
• These fasteners 53, 54 are hooks here pivotable between an active position and an inactive position where they are received in the floor structure of the container 40.
• the support plate 51 also has third fasteners 55 for locking in position the bridge members 56 of the bays 44, 45 for forming the lower ends of the stacks in the unexpanded position of the bridge (Fig. 12).
• FIGS 15 and 16 show this temporary container / bridge assembly with the temporary bridge being deployed.
• Each span 44, 45 here comprises five bridge elements 46, 56 which are articulated with respect to each other. Two consecutive bridge elements are interconnected by at least two connecting arms 57 mounted on the same side edge of these bridge elements 46, 56.
• the bridge elements 46 placed between the end bridge elements 56, 58 of each of the spans 44, 45 have at least one of their connecting arms 57 which is common to three consecutive bridge elements, these three consecutive bridge elements then being interconnected by the same connecting arm 57.
• These connecting arms 57 are here connecting rods made of an aluminum alloy chosen for its mechanical characteristics and its lightness. The pieces are worked to the maximum so as to have material in the high stress areas. When the temporary bridge is in its deployed position, these rods 57 are locked together by a keying (not shown) so as to take the torsional forces exerted by vehicles traveling on the surface of this bridge, and locks ( not shown) block the kinematics of the rods 57 on each bridge member 46, 56, 58 so as to stiffen the assembly.
• the temporary bridge comprises reinforcing elements 59 connecting the bridge elements 46, 56, 58 corresponding to the two spans 44, 45 between them.
• These reinforcing elements 59 are spacers one meter long aluminum, with the exception of one of these spacers which is steel.
• the latter also serves as attachment point of the deployment cylinder, or actuator, 47 of the temporary bridge so as to allow the simultaneous movement of the bridge elements 46, 56, 58 of each of the spans 44, 45. This ensures a uniform and rapid deployment of the bridge.
• the taxiways for the vehicles are mechanically welded high strength aluminum assemblies so as to lighten the temporary bridge. In order to reduce the range of the taxiways, the vehicles also roll on the beams formed by the rods when the temporary bridge is in its deployed position.
• Reinforcing lattice structures 62 are placed on the inner side of the temporary bridge by being connected to the corresponding spans 44, 45.
• the connecting arms 57 are thus placed between the bridge elements 46, 56, 58 and these lattice structures 62. These latter reinforce the mechanical strength of the temporary bridge to withstand mechanical stresses (shear, wind, etc.). exercising on him.
• the hooks 55 of the support plate 51 release the temporary bridge, the container is advanced, and the feet 59 of the bridge are retracted so that the end bridge elements rest on the ground.
• the temporary bridge remains powered by hydraulic and electricity reels, which are disconnected from the bridge once deposited on the ground.
• the single actuator 47 is retracted into the floor structure of the container 40 in transport mode, and has in its lower part a portion of the tread of the rollers of the turntable.
• a small cylinder allows the orientation of the main cylinder, this small steering cylinder is made free (hydraulic short circuit) when the main cylinder is connected to the reinforcing element 59 of the temporary bridge in order to his maneuver.
• It is the displacement in translation of the free end of the main cylinder which causes the rotation of the connecting rods and the rotation of the bridge, the deployment or the recovery of the bridge depending on the position of the single actuator 47 to pass the points of mid-deployment balance.
• this container 40 is also equipped with wheels that come out hydraulically from housing provided for this purpose in the container (not shown).
• the entry ramps 60 of the bridge are manually deployed, the exit ramps 61 are deployed either manually or by a mechanical rod system at the same time as the temporary bridge deployment. All the pivot connections are made by friction of hard steel pins on permaglide rings (composite / metal) with the exception of the rotated clevises of jacks, and the support plate 51 which uses an orientation ring at the level of the axis of rotation and rollers.
• the axes of the various pivots of the container are solid hard steel, the axes of the connecting rods of the bridge are hollow hard steel.
• the present temporary bridge is an 11-meter-long bridge with a MLC 40 loading classification.
• This temporary bridge which has a circulation width of 4 meters, weighs 6500 kg. It allows to cross gaps up to 10 meters and accepts on its surface only one vehicle at a time. It can be placed on the ground and deployed by only two operators in a time less than or equal to 15 minutes.

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