EP2374544A2 - Device for grinding compostable material - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has primary cutting tools (6) arranged on a casing surface of a working cylinder (5) that rotates in a preset direction. Secondary cutting tools (8.1-8.3) are arranged in a secondary cutting tool carrier (7), where material is crushed between the primary and secondary tools. The carrier concentrically encloses the cylinder and extends tills to a discharge area (A) for the material. The secondary tools are arranged in an inlet area (E) and the discharge area, where form of the secondary tools and/or positions of the secondary tools on the carrier are different in the areas.

Description

The invention relates to a crushing device for compostable material, in particular for plant waste and waste from waste wood, such as pallets, lumber and the like materials, comprising a rotating in a predetermined direction working cylinder, are arranged on the lateral surface with the rotation of rotating primary cutting tools, and a Secondary cutting tool carriers, on which relative to the primary cutting tools resting secondary cutting tools are arranged, so that the material between the primary and secondary cutting tools is crushed.

Crushing devices of this type are known in different embodiments. They have working cylinders, also referred to as rotors or rollers, are arranged on the lateral surfaces radially outwardly directed cleaver, teeth, thorns, spikes or other work tools that rotate with the working cylinder while the material to be crushed, the Working cylinder is supplied, crush in cooperation with relatively stationary counter-tools.

These tools are provided with cutting edges or cut-like bevels, which act in a split manner on the material fed for comminution. Among these tools are known, which are designed for rigid attachment to the lateral surface of the working cylinder and are provided exclusively with cutting edges, which always point in the direction of rotation due to the predetermined orientation of the tool on the working cylinder, so during operation of the device continuously engaged with the material are located and subject to wear.

The operation of such a tool and its arrangement on the working cylinder of a crushing device are, for example, in DE 10 2007 043 687 A1 described.

Another, flail-trained working tool for waste crushing of compostable material describes the utility model DE 92 03 651 U1 , This tool is also provided for rigid attachment to the outer surface of a working cylinder and equipped with cutting, which also always have in the direction of rotation.

A disadvantage of these tools is that after the end of the life of the tool for re-sharpening the cutting must be removed from the crushing device, which in particular then unwanted downtime has the consequence, if it is a mobile crushing device and re-grinding in a far away from the place of use workshop must be made.

In DE 297 14 130 U1 a crusher is described in which the working cylinder is equipped with tools in the form of indexable inserts. These inserts are provided with cutting edges, of which only a part of the number is always active in material engagement, while the other cutting points are not pointing in the direction of rotation and thus serve unused passively as a reserve. After wear of the first part number of cutting the insert is turned so that the previously unused cutting used. On-site downtimes are limited in this way.

The disadvantage here, however, that the release of these inserts from the cylinder and their re-attachment after turning are still very time consuming. Another disadvantage is that the orientation of the cutting edges, their arrangement on the cutting plate and also the geometry of the cutting plate are not suitable for the comminution of waste with a high green content.

A disadvantage of another type of crushing devices, such as in DE 10 2004 031 932 A1 are described, are interruptions due to material accumulation, which occurs in particular when crushing waste with a high green content.

Based on this, the present invention seeks to design a tool for a generic crushing device so that the disadvantages mentioned avoided, but at least substantially reduced.

• der Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger so ausgebildet ist, dass er den Arbeitszylinder, in Rotationsrichtung bei einem Eintrittbereich für das zu zerkleinernde Material beginnend und sich bis zu einem Austrittsbereich für das zerkleinerte Material erstreckend, konzentrisch umschließt, und
• im Eintrittsbereich, im Austrittsbereich und in dem Bereich dazwischen die Sekundärschneidwerkzeuge angeordnet sind, wobei
• die Ausführungsformen der Sekundärschneidwerkzeuge und/oder
• ihre Positionen auf dem Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger in den aufeinander folgenden Bereichen verschieden sind.

This object is achieved with a crushing device of the type / type described above in that

• the secondary cutting tool carrier is designed such that it concentrically encloses the working cylinder, starting in the rotational direction at an entry region for the material to be comminuted and extending up to an exit region for the comminuted material, and
• in the entry area, in the exit area and in the area between the secondary cutting tools are arranged, wherein
• the embodiments of the secondary cutting tools and / or
• their positions on the secondary cutting tool carrier are different in the successive regions.

In a first embodiment of the shredding device according to the invention, the secondary cutting tools are arranged in the entry region on a surface line and positioned on this surface line so that each peripheral primary cutting tool is assigned a secondary cutting tool. By contrast, in the intermediate area, secondary cutting tools are present on a plurality of generating lines which follow one another in the direction of rotation, wherein the secondary cutting tools are assigned to the peripheral primary cutting tools from the surface lines to the surface line in different numbers and at different positions. The secondary cutting tools in the exit region are in turn arranged on a generating line and preferably positioned on this generating line such that a peripheral cutting tool is associated with each circumferential primary cutting tool.

In the context of this invention, the peripheral cutting tools are referred to as primary cutting tools for better distinction, the counter cutting tools as
Secondary cutting tools and the vehicle for the
Counter cutting tools as a secondary cutting tool carrier. With generatrices in the context of the invention, straight lines aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the working cylinder are meant. Under assignment of primary cutting tools to secondary cutting tools and vice versa, it should be understood that the formed on a primary cutting tool cutting with the cutting on the assigned Secondary cutting tool with respect to comminution in the operative context.

In a second embodiment of the comminution device, the secondary cutting tools are pivotably mounted in the entry region by an angle β, wherein the pivot axis is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the working cylinder. When pivoting the secondary cutting tools by the angle β is carried out until they are no longer in engagement with the rotating primary cutting tools.

In a third embodiment, the entire
Secondary cutting tool carrier pivotally mounted by an angle γ, wherein the relevant pivot axis is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the working cylinder. In this case, the pivoting of the secondary cutting tool carrier is provided to the extent that the secondary cutting tools disengage from the primary cutting tools or at least their radially to the working cylinder measured distance is reduced or increased by a predetermined amount with the pivoting.

As actuators each pneumatic or hydraulic drives can be provided and connected via lever mechanism with the pivotally mounted modules.

In a further embodiment of the shredding device, the primary cutting tools are in the form of cutting plates, and each primary cutting tool is provided with two groups of cutting edges that are symmetrical with respect to an axis of symmetry. The primary cutting tools are arranged on the working cylinder, that one of these cutting groups in the direction of rotation of the working cylinder, the other cutting group, however, points in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation.

In this case, the primary cutting tools protrude with a first portion at which the blades are located, outwardly beyond the outer surface of the working cylinder, while a second portion protrudes through the lateral surface into the working cylinder and is rigidly connected there by means of clamping elements of clamping units with the working cylinder. According to the invention, the symmetry axis of each primary cutting tool encloses an angle α in the range 0 ° ≦ α <90 °, for example α = 45 °, with a normal of the lateral surface. The axis of symmetry, the lateral surface and the axis of rotation of the working cylinder lie in a common plane.

Embodiments are conceivable and included within the scope of the invention, in which all primary cutting tools or their axes of symmetry in the same direction, ie in parallel to each other, or are inclined in opposite directions. Particularly preferably, the primary cutting tools are arranged in pairs on the working cylinder by, relative to a normal of the lateral surface, each two primary cutting tools are symmetrical opposite and are inclined in opposite directions by the angle α.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the two primary cutting tools of such a pair with a common clamping element of a clamping unit are releasably secured to the cylinder. If the cutting group pointing in the direction of rotation has become blunt in the course of the comminuting process, the clamping element and both symmetrically opposed primary cutting tools can be easily detached from the working cylinder by means of a hand tool and the primary cutting tools can be fastened to the working cylinder after rotation through 180 ° about the normal, after which the Alignments of the cutting group of both primary cutting tools are reversed relative to the rotational direction of the working cylinder and now have the previously oriented opposite to the direction of rotation and therefore still sharp cutting point in the direction of rotation and are involved in the crushing process in the future.

The cutting edges on the secondary cutting tools are the angle α correspondingly inclined so that they are in operation of the Crushing device in the required manner with the continuous primary cutting tools cooperate.

The cutting edges formed on the primary cutting tools and / or the cutting edges formed on the secondary cutting tools are wave-shaped and / or serrated.
The spaced-apart cutting edges / cutting edges of the primary cutting tools are preferably outwardly convex or tapered towards their second section towards a V-shape.

Each clamping unit consists essentially of a support wedge, a clamping element and a screw. The support wedge and the clamping element are worked so that, as already described above, two primary cutting tools can be releasably secured in a clamping unit. The clamping unit itself is preferably accommodated in a recess in the lateral surface of the working cylinder, wherein the recess is designed groove-shaped, is arranged axially parallel to the axis of rotation in the lateral surface of the working cylinder and extends from one end face to the other end face of the working cylinder.

In further embodiments of the invention is still provided that in these groove-shaped recesses fixed points are provided, on each of which a clamping unit of the type described above can be fixed or the groove-shaped recess is designed such that each Clamping unit at any point within the groove-shaped recess can be fixed.

In the working cylinder four or six of said groove-shaped recesses are preferably provided.

Fig. 1

eine mobile Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für kompostierbares Material in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2a

das aus Primär- und Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger bestehende Schneidwerk der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung als Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 2b

den Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger aus Fig. 2a in Einzeldarstellung in einer Perspektivansicht,

Fig. 2c

den Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger in Einzeldarstellung in einer Ansicht mit Blickrichtung auf den Eintrittsbereich für das Material,

Fig. 2c

den Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträger in Einzeldarstellung in einer Draufsicht mit Blickrichtung aus der Rotationsachse des Arbeitszylinders innen auf die Krümmung des Sekundärschneidwerkzeugträgers,

Fig. 3a

ein erfindungsgemäßes Schneidwerkzeug in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 3b

das erfindungsgemäße Schneidwerkzeug aus Fig. 3a in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 4a

den Arbeitszylinder als Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 in Einzeldarstellung in einem Schnitt durch seine Rotationsachse,

Fig. 4b

den Arbeitszylinder in Einzeldarstellung in einer Seitenansicht mit Blick in Richtung seiner Rotationsachse,

Fig. 5a-5d

einen zweiten Arbeitszylinder aus der Fig. 1 in Einzeldarstellung und verschiedenen Ansichten nebst Details zur Anordnung der Primärschneidwerkzeuge,

Fig. 6a-6c und 7

einen Bestückungsplan bzw. Ansichten der Bestückung des Arbeitszylinders nach den Figuren 5

und Fig. 8a, 8b

ein Primärschneidwerkzeug zweiter Ausführung in zwei Ansichten

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments. In the accompanying drawings show in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1

a mobile shredder for compostable material in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2a

consisting of primary and secondary cutting tool carrier cutting of the crushing device as a cutout Fig. 1 .

Fig. 2b

the secondary cutting tool carrier Fig. 2a in individual representation in a perspective view,

Fig. 2c

the secondary cutting tool carrier in a single view in a view looking towards the inlet area for the material,

Fig. 2c

the secondary cutting tool carrier in a single view in a plan view looking from the axis of rotation of the working cylinder inside the curvature of the secondary cutting tool carrier,

Fig. 3a

an inventive cutting tool in a plan view,

Fig. 3b

the cutting tool according to the invention Fig. 3a in a side view,

Fig. 4a

the working cylinder as a cutout Fig. 1 in a single representation in a section through its axis of rotation,

Fig. 4b

the working cylinder in a single view in a side view looking in the direction of its axis of rotation,

Fig. 5a-5d

a second working cylinder from the Fig. 1 in an individual view and various views along with details of the arrangement of the primary cutting tools,

6a-6c and 7th

an assembly plan or views of the assembly of the working cylinder after the Figures 5

and Figs. 8a, 8b

a primary cutting tool of the second embodiment in two views

In Fig. 1 schematically a mobile crushing device for compostable material is shown. This consists essentially of a arranged on a chassis 1 loading space 2 for the material to be shredded 3 and a feeder 4, designed for advancing the material 3 to a working cylinder 5, which rotates in the direction R and on the circumference of cutting tools are arranged, which rotate with the working cylinder 5, and a support with relative to the rotating cutting tools resting counter cutting tools. Furthermore, an ejector 9 for the now shredded material 3 is present.

As already mentioned, in order to make a better distinction, the rotating cutting tools are referred to as primary cutting tools 6, the counter cutting tools as secondary cutting tools 8 and the carrier for the counter cutting tools as secondary cutting tool carriers 7.

Fig. 2a shows in a section Fig. 1 the working cylinder 5 and the secondary cutting tool carrier 7, which together form the cutting unit of the comminution device. It can be seen that on the lateral surface 10 of the working cylinder 5 with the rotation in the direction R circumferential primary cutting tools. 6

According to the invention, the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 is designed in a circular arc so that it concentrically encloses the working cylinder 5, starting in the direction of rotation R at the entry region E for the material 3 to be comminuted and extending up to the exit region A for the material 3 which has now been comminuted. Out Fig. 2a is still recognizable that the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 in the inlet region E, in

Exit area A and in the area Z between the two areas E and A is provided with secondary cutting tools 8.

The existing in the entry region E secondary cutting tools 8.1 are arranged on a pivotable shaft β by an angle, wherein the pivot axis 11 is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 12 of the working cylinder 5. In the Fig. 2a not explicitly shown shaft is connected via a pivot lever 13 with an actuator 14. The secondary cutting tools 8.1 are located in the in Fig. 2a shown situation in engagement with the rotating primary cutting tools 6, ie, the material 3 is crushed between the secondary cutting tools 8.1 and the continuous primary cutting tools 6 in a first step. If the secondary cutting tools 8.1 are pivoted by the angle β, they get out of the circle of the primary cutting tools 6 and are no longer in engagement with them.

The pivoting about the angle β takes place, for example, for the purpose of cleaning the entry region E or, in particular, when there is malfunctioning due to material 3 stagnating in this region. The actuator 14 may be a hydraulic drive cylinder, which is controlled manually.

The existing in the intermediate region Z secondary cutting tools 8.2 and present in the exit area A secondary cutting tools 8.3 are in contrast to the secondary cutting tools 8.1 firmly connected to the secondary cutting tool carrier 7. However, the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 about a pivot axis 15, which is aligned as well as the pivot axis 11 parallel to the axis of rotation 12 of the working cylinder 5, pivotally mounted by an angle γ. The pivoting about the angle γ can be caused by means of an actuator 16. As actuator 16 may also be provided a hydraulic drive cylinder.

The secondary cutting tools 8.2, 8.3 are located in the in Fig. 2a shown situation in engagement with the rotating primary cutting tools 6, that is, the material 3 is further crushed between the secondary cutting tools 8.2, 8.3 and the continuous primary cutting tools 6.

If the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 is pivoted by the angle γ, the secondary cutting tools 8.2, 8.3 get out of the circle of the primary cutting tools 6 and are no longer in engagement therewith.

The pivoting about the angle γ takes place, for example, for the purpose of cleaning the intermediate region Z and the exit region A or, in particular, when malfunctions occur due to material 3 stagnating in these regions. In addition, can a hereby symbolically shown spacer 17 may be provided which serves to adjust the radial distance between the secondary cutting tools 8.2, 8.3 and the continuous primary cutting tools 6.

Fig. 2b shows the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 in an individual view in a perspective view. It can be seen that the secondary cutting tools 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 in the individual areas E, Z and A respectively on generatrices, ie parallel to the center of curvature of the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 and the axis of rotation of the working cylinder 5, but on the individual generatrices at different distances are positioned to each other. Of course, every position of a secondary cutting tool 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 on the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 is assigned the position of at least one primary cutting tool 6 on the working cylinder 5 and is in operative connection with the comminution of the material 3.

A significant advantage of this arrangement compared with the prior art is that the movement of material 3 in the direction of rotation during the comminution process causes, due to the different distances of the secondary cutting tools 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 in the successive generatrices, motion pulses perpendicular to the direction of passage be forced, which cause a back and forth of the pre-shredded material in the entry area E, whereby the efficiency of the material crushing is increased.

Details of the inventive design of the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 are based on the representations in Fig. 2c and Fig. 2d further clarified. It shows Fig. 2c the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 in a view looking towards the inlet region E for the material 3, and Fig. 2d the secondary cutting tool carrier 7 in a plan view looking from the axis of rotation of the working cylinder inside on the curvature of the secondary cutting tool carrier. 7

The primary cutting tools 6 are executed in the example chosen here in the form of inserts. In Fig. 3a is such a cutting plate in a plan view, in Fig. 3b shown in a related page view.

How out Fig. 3a can be seen, the primary cutting tools 6 is provided in a section TA1 with cutting S, which are formed on convexly curved surfaces and which, relative to an axis of symmetry SA, mirror-symmetrically opposed. The cutting S are partly wavy, partly jagged shaped.

From the side view in Fig. 3b It can be seen that the primary cutting tool 6 is limited in the section TA1 by plane-parallel surfaces, and from the synopsis of Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b shows that the cutting S are in principle formed where the convex meet the plan boundary surfaces.

A second section TA2 of the primary cutting tool 6 is designed for attachment to the working cylinder 5 by means of a tensioning element 20 (cf. Fig. 4a ) and has for this purpose lugs 18 and 19, of which the projection 18 for fixing the position and the projection 19 for stable alignment of the primary cutting tool 6 on the working cylinder 5 is used.

Fig. 4a As can be seen, are in each case two to a normal N by an angle α, here, for example, α = 45 °, inclined primary cutting tools 6 symmetrically opposite to each other. The normal N, the symmetry axes SA and the axis of rotation 12 lie in the sectional plane.

In the inventive idea are included except an angle α = 45 ° expressly deviating angle sizes from the range 0 ° ≤ α <90. Also arrangements in which the primary cutting tools 6 of such a pair not shown here in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation 12th apart strive, but their distance from each other tapers in the radial direction, are expressly also within the scope of the invention.

For fixing the two primary cutting tools 6 of such a pair is a common clamping element 20 which is connected by means of a screw 21 to the working cylinder 5. Each of the primary cutting tools 6 rests on a support wedge 22 which defines the angle of inclination.

With this attachment, it is easily possible in case of need to loosen the screw 21, the clamping element 20 and both primary cutting tools 6 by means of a hand tool from the working cylinder 5, then rotate the two primary cutting tools 6 by the normal N by 180 ° and back on the cylinder 5 to attach, so that now the orientation of the cutting groups of the primary cutting tools 6 is reversed and the previously oriented opposite to the direction of rotation and therefore still sharp cutting point in the direction of rotation and are now involved in the crushing process.

Uncomplicated and without much time spent so when operating a mobile crushing device on the spot worn against still sharp blades. The resharpening of the cutting edges can be done later in a workshop.

Fig. 4b shows the stocked in the manner described above with primary cutting tools 6 working cylinder 5 in a side view looking in the direction of the rotation axis 12. As can be seen here, the primary cutting tools 6 are arranged for example on four generatrices, which are offset by 90 ° in the direction of rotation R.

In the direction of rotation R in front of and behind the primary cutting tools 6, run-on wedges 23 and discharge wedges 24 for the material 3 can be provided in order to further increase the efficiency of the comminution.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated and the embodiments described above, but in particular also includes variants that can be formed by combining features or elements described in connection with the present invention. Furthermore, individual features or modes of operation described in conjunction with the figures can in themselves constitute an independent invention. The Applicant therefore reserves the right to claim further features of significance essential to the invention which have hitherto been disclosed only in the description, in particular in conjunction with the figures. The claims filed with the application are thus merely formulation suggestions without prejudice to achieve further patent protection.

So there is another embodiment such that the working cylinder 5 'instead of four here six groove-shaped recesses V1, ..., V6 has, which are also incorporated axially parallel in the lateral surface 10' and serves to receive the primary cutting tools 6 'together with their clamping unit 25, please refer Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c ,

The Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of the occupancy of this working cylinder 5 'with the primary cutting tools 6'. As can be seen from this illustration, the most diverse positions of primary cutting tools are possible. The blackened bars each symbolize a primary cutting tool, here a primary cutting tool 6 '. According to the selected position scheme are then the
Secondary cutting tools 8, 8 ... on the
Secondary cutting tool carrier 7 to order.
The choice of the respective position scheme remains reserved to the user. It is important and part of the invention that the user is given the opportunity for the first time either to choose himself or to commission the manufacturer according to his choice, that the arrangement of the primary cutting tools and the secondary cutting tools can be more specifically addressed to his requirements in the operation of the crushing device , Depending on whether the shredded Good should be coarser or finer grain, or which materials with the crushing device the user will choose his choice concerning the positional scheme of the cutting tools.

In a further specific embodiment of the invention is still provided that the secondary cutting edge SN of each primary cutting tool 6 'with respect to the applied to the circle FK of the rotary primary cutting tools 6' tangent against the direction of rotation body inward, ie directed radially inward, drops, so at the minor cutting edge Clearance angle FW1 is formed, s. Fig. 5b ,

Furthermore, it is provided that the distance L1 between the leading cutting edges of the paired primary cutting tools 6 'is greater than the distance between the trailing in the direction of rotation cutting edges of the respective pair of primary cutting tools 6, this detail 5d. By this second measure, a further clearance angle FW2 is created, which lies between the cutting edge SN and a sagittal plane of the tensioning unit 25.

Due to the formation of these clearance angles FW1 and FW2, which is generated by corresponding clamping of the primary cutting tools 6 'in the clamping units 25, ie not even on the primary cutting tool 6' (or 6) are arranged, on the one hand, the non-active blade S 'is spared, for others have a positive effect on energy demand - that is, they are lowered - as well as on the other hand State of the art known methods produced a higher quality "biomass".

In the Figures 6a, 6b and 6c is in a quasi sectional view again the occupancy of the working cylinder 5 'with primary cutting tools 6' according to the allocation scheme according to Fig. 7 shown.

In the Fig. 8 and 8a a primary cutting tool 6 'of the second type is shown. The mutually spaced blades S 'taper from the upper cutting edge towards the body in the direction of its second portion TA2 towards V-shaped tapered. This design has proven particularly in relatively "soft" material.

Compostable material in the context of the invention are green waste, wood packaging, wood waste, demolition wood, waste wood, fresh wood, bark, industrial wood waste and compost in the various rotting stages.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

landing gear

2

hold

3

material

4

feeding

5, 5 '

working cylinder

6, 6 '

Primary cutter

7

Secondary cutting tool carrier

8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

Secondary cutting tools

9

ejection means

10, 10 '

lateral surface

11

swivel axis

12

axis of rotation

13

pivoting lever

14

actuator

15

swivel axis

16

actuator

17

standoff

18, 19

approaches

20

clamping element

21

screw

22

support wedge

23

casserole wedges

24

expiration wedges

25

clamping unit

A

exit area

B

Width (from pos. 5, 5 ')

e

entry area

FK

Circuit of rotating primary cutting tools

FW1

Clearance angle (between secondary cutting edge and tangent at the FK circle)

FW2

Clearance angle (between secondary cutting edge and a sagittal plane of the clamping unit)

L1

first distance

L2

second distance

N

normal

R

direction of rotation

S, S '

To cut

SA

axis of symmetry

SN

Besides cutting

TA1, TA2

sections

Z

intermediate area

Claims (12)

Crushing device for compostable material (3), in particular for vegetable waste, comprising: - One in a given direction (R) rotating working cylinder (5), on the lateral surface (10) with the rotation circumferential primary cutting tools (6) are arranged, and - A secondary cutting tool carrier (7) on which relative to the primary cutting tools (6) resting secondary cutting tools (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are arranged, wherein - the material (3) between the primary cutting tools (6) and the secondary cutting tools (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) is crushed, characterized in that - The secondary tool carrier (7) is designed so that it the working cylinder (5), in the direction of rotation (R) at an inlet region (E) for the material to be crushed (3) beginning and up to an outlet region (A) for the comminuted Material (3) extending concentrically encloses, and - The secondary cutting tools (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) in the inlet region (E), in the outlet region (A) and in the region (Z) are arranged therebetween, wherein - The embodiments of the secondary cutting tools (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) and / or - Their positions on the secondary tool carrier (7) in the successive areas (E, Z, A) are different. Crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the secondary cutting tools (8.1) are arranged in the entry region (E) on a generating line and are positioned on this generating line such that a secondary cutting tool (8.1) is associated with each primary cutting tool (6) circulating on a circle of revolution, - The secondary cutting tools (8.2) in the intermediate region (Z) on several in the direction of rotation (R) successive generatrices are distributed, wherein on the individual generatrices the flight circles of the primary cutting tools (6) secondary cutting tools (8.2) are assigned in different numbers and at different positions, - The secondary cutting tools (8.3) in the exit region (A) are arranged on a generating line and positioned on this surface line so that each 8.3) is assigned to each circulating on a circle primary cutting tool (6). Crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the secondary cutting tools (8.1) are pivotably arranged in the entry region (E) at an angle β about a pivot axis (11), the pivot axis (11) being parallel to the axis of rotation (12) of the working cylinder (5). aligned and an actuator (14) is present, so that after pivoting the secondary cutting tools (8.1) by the angle β these are no longer in engagement with the primary cutting tools (6). Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the secondary tool carrier (7) is pivotable about an angle γ about a pivot axis (15), wherein the pivot axis (15) is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation (12) of the working cylinder (5) and an actuator (16 ) is present, so after pivoting of the Sekundärwerkzeugträgers (7) by the angle γ the secondary cutting tools (8.2, 8.3) are no longer in engagement with the primary cutting tools (6) or their radial distance from the rotating primary cutting tools (6) is at least increased. Crushing device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein as actuators (14, 16) pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinder and lever mechanism are provided. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - Each primary cutting tool (6) is provided with two groups of blades (S), which face symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry (SA), so that a first group in the direction of rotation (R) and the other group in the opposite direction . - Each primary cutting tool (6) with a first portion (TA1), on which the cutting edges (S) are, outwardly beyond the lateral surface (10) of the working cylinder (5) protrudes while - A second section (TA2) through the lateral surface (10) passes into the working cylinder (5) and there rigidly connected to the working cylinder (5) so that the axis of symmetry (SA) with a normal (N) of the lateral surface (10 ) includes an angle α in the range 0 ° ≤ α <90. Crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the axis of symmetry (SA) with the normal (N) an angle α = 45 °. Crushing device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in each case two primary cutting tool (6), relative to the normal (N), facing in pairs symmetrically. Crushing device according to claim 8, wherein the primary cutting tools (6) of such a pair are fixed by means of a common clamping element (20) on the working cylinder (5), so that respectively - The clamping element (20) and the two primary cutting tools (6) by means of hand tools from the working cylinder (5) are releasable, and - The primary cutting tools (6) after rotation by 180 ° to the normal (N) again with the working cylinder (5) are connectable, after which - The orientation of the cutting edges (S) with respect to the direction of rotation (R) is reversed. Crushing device according to one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the secondary cutting tools (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are provided with cutting edges which are inclined according to the angle α. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the cutters (S) are shaped wave-shaped and / or serrated at least in sections. Crushing device characterized according to at least one of the disclosed in the application features

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