Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
  • B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C7/00—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes
  • B66C7/02—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes for underhung trolleys or cranes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to giant gantries, including gantries used on shipyards for the construction of ships. These gantries are commonly called Goliath gantries, because of their large size.
• some known porticos 200 comprise two horizontal beams 201 of constant outer section resting on feet 203 and 204.
• At least two carriages, including a large carriage 205 and a small carriage 206, supporting cable winches and hooks for carrying a load, can move on raceways arranged on the beams.
• the carriages are configured to cross each other, allowing a section of ship's hull under construction to be flipped over.
• the feet are not identical, one 203 being a so-called “fixed” foot rigidly connected to the horizontal beams, and the other 204 being a so-called “pendulum” foot articulately connected thereto.
• the feet can move on rails fixed on the ground to move the frame.
• the carriages 205 and 206 can move on raceways disposed on the upper face of the beams 201. The wind up this type of gantry, especially because of the exposure of two carriages 205 and 206, is relatively important.
• Another giant gantry 200 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a single horizontal beam, with a constant outer section supporting two carriages 205 and 206 that can move on raceways located respectively on the upper face of the beam 201 and on steps located at near its underside.
• the small carriage 206 circulates under the beam 201 while the large carriage 205 circulates above it.
• the circulation of the small carriage under the beam decreases the lifting height.
• a giant portico must meet various constraints that are sometimes antagonistic.
• the gantry crane must provide sufficient lifting height.
• the mechanical forces related to the wind are all the more important as the height of the gantry is large.
• the gantry must be able to be built at the lowest cost while providing the required security guarantees and be easy maintenance.
• the mechanical strength of the beams can be increased where the mechanical forces are the most important, because the outer section of the beams may be lower where the efforts are less important.
• the presence of two beams is aerodynamically favorable compared to a gantry with only one beam.
• the beams have an outer section of maximum height in a central portion and an outer section of decreasing height by going to the feet.
• the length of the central portion may for example be greater than 50% of the total length of the beams.
• the maximum height variation H may for example be greater than 30% of the total height of the beam.
• Each beam can support, on one side facing the other beam, an inner bracket defining a raceway for the small carriage. The latter can flow between the faces facing the two beams. Thanks to this aspect of the invention, the small carriage is at least partially, better completely, sheltered by the horizontal beams and the aerodynamic drag of the small carriage is relatively small.
• Each beam can support, on an outer face, an outer bracket defining at least one raceway for the large carriage. Part of the big trolley can be positioned between the faces facing the two beams. In this case, this part of the large trolley sheltered by the beams does not create an additional wind catch.
• each beam forms for example a horizontal beam having two roles, namely to resist lateral forces due to wind and contribute to the stability of the beam under flexion.
• the consoles can be arranged at about half height of the beams.
• the raceways may for example be located at a distance from the top of the beams between 1/3 and 1/2 of the total maximum height of each beam.
• Each beam may have in cross section a rounded upper profile, for example of radius of curvature greater than or equal to half the width of each beam. With this rounded profile, the aerodynamic shape coefficient is reduced.
• Each beam may have in cross section a rounded lower profile, so as to also reduce the aerodynamic shape coefficient.
• the radius of curvature of this lower profile may for example be greater than or equal to half the width of each beam.
• Each beam may comprise several diaphragms including, in particular at least in a lower part, trellises.
• Each beam may comprise several diaphragms each comprising, in particular at least in an upper part, a plate perpendicular to an outer box of the beam. The plate can be pierced with a manhole.
• Each beam may comprise several diaphragms having plates substantially parallel to each other.
• the gantry can include a mobile cabin adapted to move on one of the legs of the gantry, including the fixed foot, from the bottom of the gantry to the beams.
• the portico may include a sanitary space located in the base of one of the feet, including the fixed foot.
• the sanitary space can be of conventional type (toilets) and not chemical.
• At least one foot in particular the fixed foot, may be placed at a distance from the end of the beams.
• This foot may comprise at least one, preferably two struts connecting the end of the beams to the foot, including the fixed foot.
• the beams may comprise, in a common end portion a housing adapted to receive a service crane, this service crane can be telescopic and mobile.
• the waste collection tank can be arranged to receive the waste and wastewater from the sanitary space, if any. It can be arranged in the bottom of the gantry, and be arranged to allow a truck to take the contents to empty it.
• the present invention relates, in another of its aspects, to a giant gantry comprising: two beams supporting running tracks, two feet carrying the beams, - at least one large carriage and at least one small carriage arranged to move on the raceways, the large carriage and the small carriage being configured to be able to cross when moving on the beams, gantry in which each beam can support, on one side facing the Another beam, an interior console defining a track of the small carriage.
• Each beam can also support, on an outer face, an outer bracket defining at least one raceway of the large carriage.
• the present invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a giant gantry comprising: two beams supporting rolling paths, - two feet carrying the beams, at least one large carriage and at least one a small carriage arranged to move on the raceways, the large carriage and the small carriage being configured to be able to cross when moving on the beams, at least one of the beams having, in cross section, a rounded upper profile and / or rounded lower profile.
• the present invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a giant gantry comprising: two beams supporting rolling paths, two feet carrying the beams, - at least one large carriage and at least one a small carriage arranged to move on the raceways, the large carriage and the small carriage being configured to be able to cross when moving on the beams, the beams having in a common end portion a housing adapted to receive a service crane including a telescopic service crane.
• the service crane can be mobile and for example move on the tracks of the small trolley.
• the present invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a giant gantry comprising: two beams supporting running tracks, two feet carrying the beams, at least one large carriage and at least one small carriage arranged to move on the raceways, the large carriage and the small carriage being configured to be able to cross when moving on the beams, a rainwater collecting gutter, able to collect the rainwater and to bring the rainwater to a rainwater collection tank located in one of the feet, in particular in the fixed foot of the gantry.
• the gantry can also include a sanitary space and the rainwater collection tank may be close to this sanitary space to supply rainwater.
• the gantry may also include a waste collection tank, the waste collection tank may be located at the base of one of the feet, including the fixed foot and being advantageously accessible to be emptied if necessary by truck.
• the gantry can also include a water supply device for the rainwater collection tank, independent of the supply of rainwater via the gutter.
• the invention may be better understood on reading the following detailed description of an example of non-limiting implementation thereof, and on examining the appended drawing in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic front view of an exemplary gantry of the state of the art prior to the invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gantry of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic view of FIG. Next to another gantry of the state of the art, FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic front view of an example of a gantry made according to the invention, FIG. 5 is a schematic view from above according to V of the gantry of FIG.
• FIG. 4 There is shown in Figure 4 a giant gantry 1 made according to the invention.
• the gantry 1 comprises two horizontal beams 2 which are parallel, only one of these beams being visible in FIG. 4. Moreover, the gantry 1 comprises a fixed foot 3 and a pendular foot 4 arranged to move on rails arranged on the floor, the beams 2 being worn on the feet 3 and 4.
• the gantry 1 also comprises a large carriage 5 and a small carriage 6 capable of carrying a load C may consist of a section of ship under construction, for example.
• each beam 2 comprises an inner bracket 10 disposed on a surface 25a opposite the other beam 2 and an outer bracket 11 disposed on an outer surface 25b, the brackets 10 and 11 supporting the raceways 7.
• the raceways 7 are, in the example shown, arranged at a distance g from the top of the beam between 1/3 and 1/2 of the maximum height of the beam.
• the faces 25a facing the other beam 2 and outer 25b are substantially vertical, in the example. However, it is not beyond the scope of the invention if the faces 25a and 25b are inclined, for example.
• the beams 2 each have a cross section whose height H varies.
• the height H is maximum and constant in a central portion of the beam while it decreases when moving along at least part of a raceway 7, towards the ends of the beam. the beam, as shown in Figure 4.
• the maximum height H max is for example between 8 and 20m, while the minimum height H min at the end of the beams is for example between 4 and 10m, the height variation being effected for example linearly.
• the difference ⁇ H is for example between 8 and 20m, while the minimum height H min at the end of the beams.
• the length L 2 of the central portion of constant section of each beam 2 is for example greater than or equal to 50% of the total length Li of each beam 2.
• the beams 2 are differentiated over most of their length and meet at their ends to form on each side a common end portion 15 whose width is, in the illustrated example, decreasing in away from the central portion of the beams 2.
• total length Li of each beam 2 we mean the length of one end to the other of each beam 2 by including the common end portions 15, as shown in FIG. 4.
• the width of each beam 2 between the two 25 a and 25b in the central portion is for example between 2 and 4m.
• the ratio between the distance separating the center of each beam as shown and the maximum height H max e / H max is approximately equal to or even less than 1, for example, which further promotes the aerodynamicity of the gantry.
• the center of each beam is equidistant from the faces 25a opposite the other beam and 25b outside.
• the inner structure of the beam 2 is composed, in the illustrated example, of a succession of diaphragms 26 substantially parallel to each other.
• the diaphragms 26 comprise in the example illustrated, in the upper part, plates 27 pierced with a hole 28 allowing the passage of a man, and in the lower part of the mesh 30.
• the diaphragms 26 further comprise, as in the illustrated example, plates 29 located in the brackets 10 and 11.
• Figure 9 there is shown in dashed a diaphragm 26 located inside the beam 2 for a better understanding of the arrangement of the diaphragms 26 located at a distance distance d from each other inside each beam 2.
• the distance d between two diaphragms 26 is for example less than or equal to the height H max .
• Consoles 10 and 11 also comprise, as shown in dashed lines in Figure 8, at least one system for draining rainwater 12 allowing rain to flow.
• These rainwater drain systems 12 comprise for example vertical gutters through each console.
• the struts 20 may form with the beams 2 an angle ⁇ between 40 ° and 60 °.
• a non-visible passage is provided inside the pillar 50 to allow the circulation of an elevator 51 from the bottom of the gantry to the top as indicated by the double-ended arrow in Figure 6.
• a non-visible staircase is also provided inside the pillar 50, from the bottom of the portico to the top.
• a sanitary space 53 can be housed in the fixed foot 3 in the base 54.
• the rainwater collection tank 58 disposed in the base 54, is connected to the sanitary space 53 to supply water.
• the rainwater collecting tank 58 can also be supplied with water, for example by truck, independently of the collection of rainwater.
• a waste collection tank 59 is also disposed in the base 54 near the sanitary space 53 so as to collect the waste and wastewater from the sanitary space 53.
• the waste collection tank 59 is arranged in such a way as to that an emptying of its contents is possible, for example by truck.
• the buttresses 52 form each an angle ⁇ with the pillar 50, on either side of it, the angle ⁇ being for example between 20 ° and 45 °.
• the buttresses 52 are connected to the pillar 50 and the base 54 by pins forming a non-rigid connection.
• the gantry 1 On the part of the foot 3 fixed opposite the pendulum foot 4, the gantry 1 comprises on the pillar 50 a movable cabin 60 movable from bottom to top, housing guide commands trolleys, allowing a driver to drive them.
• the fact that the mobile cabin 60 can move up and down allows the driver easy access to the sanitary space in the base 54, to follow the load while lifting it and to evacuate the frame easily. .
• the pendulum foot 4 is mounted on a translation system of the gantry 55 comprising bogies and rockers, as well as the fixed foot 3.
• the pendulum foot 4 has a triangular shape, comprising two uprights 62, interconnected at their upper ends and forming an angle ⁇ , for example between 20 ° and 45 °.
• the amounts 62 are connected at their base by a horizontal cross 63.
• the amounts 62 are based on the translation system of the gantry 55.
• the uprights 62 have a tubular section whose thickness can vary from 10 to 20 mm on a central portion of the uprights 62, not visible on the scale of the figures.
• the pendulum foot 4 supports the beams 2 at a distance k from the end 15a thereof between 8 and 15m.
• the transverse beams 75 may have a rounded, aerodynamic shape, on the upper face and / or lower, similarly to the beams 2, where appropriate.
• the large carriage 5 also comprises two beams 77 parallel to the beams 2 and connecting the transverse beams 75.
• the beams 77 are visible in FIG.
• the large carriage 5 is supported on either side of the beams 2 by four vertical pillars 80, visible in FIG. 8, able to move on the raceways 7.
• the beams 77 and the pillars 80 are set back by relative to the ends of the transverse beams 75 by a distance y between 4 and 8m.
• the pillars 80 include rockers 82, bogies 83 and rollers 81, some of which are motorized, which allows the displacement of the large carriage 5 on the beams 2.
• Between the transverse beams 75 is a lifting system 70 of the large carriage 5 fixed in a central portion of each transverse beam 75.
• the return pulleys 72 allow guiding hooks and cables not shown for the sake of clarity of the drawing. Dotted two spacing carriages 76 located between the transverse beams 75 and connected to the return pulleys 72 and allowing to move away or bring the hooks of the beams 2.
• the small carriage 6 meanwhile is suspended so as to leave space for the circulation of the large carriage 5 and allow to shorten the length of the cables or ropes.
• the small carriage 6 comprises a framework comprising two transverse beams 90 extending horizontally and transversely to the beams 2, and located between the facing faces thereof. Two beams 95 parallel to the beams 2, visible in FIG. 5, connect the transverse beams 90 to each other.
• the transverse beams 90 rest at their ends 90a on the tracks 7 of the brackets 10 via rockers 91, bogies 93 and rollers 92 some of which are motorized so as to allow the small carriage to move.
• the frame of the small carriage 6 also comprises four pillars 85 arranged in the example shown in V in pairs and each connected by its upper end 85b to one of the transverse beams 90, slightly back from the ends 90a of the one -this.
• the lower ends 85a of the pillars 85 are connected together in pairs.
• the pillars 85 may be arranged differently, for example vertically, without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the pillars 85 support a lifting system 86 comprising an outer cladding 87, for example made of a composite material and housing winches 88, two in number in the illustrated example.
• the winches 88 are connected to return pulleys 89, external to the lifting system, themselves directly or indirectly connected to cables and / or hooks, for example at least one hook or two hooks, no shown in the figure for the sake of clarity, the position of the winches 88 being a function of the number of hooks.
• the small carriage 6 and the large carriage 5 can intersect since the lower end of the motorization system 70 of the large carriage 5 passes above the upper end of the transverse beams 90 of the small carriage 6.
• the advantages of the use of composite materials for cladding around the lifting systems of small and large trolleys are the low weight of these materials, their resistance to corrosion and oils and greases, the possibility of achieving aerodynamic shapes and their ability to let in light which saves lighting during the day.
• Other elements of the gantry can be advantageously made of composite materials, such as stairs, platforms, ladders, and railings.
• the beams 2, the transverse beams 70 of the large carriage 5 and the largest beam at the base of the feet 3 and 4 may be prestressed.
• the invention is not limited to the example just described.
• Each of the elements of the gantry can in particular be modified without departing from the scope of the invention, in particular the large carriage, the small carriage, the shape of the beams and consoles, the service crane, the feet of the gantry.
• the diaphragms 26 may comprise plates 27 over the entire height of the beam 2, the inner structure of the beam being in this case devoid of lattice.
• the diaphragms 26 may be entirely made of latticework. All intermediate structures between these two extremes are also possible.
• the position of the winches of small and large trolleys can be modified without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the small carriage may for example have one or two hooks.
• FIG. 11 shows a half of a gantry according to another embodiment of the invention.
• the box 25 has a flattened profile at the upper face 25c of each beam, which can further improve the aerodynamic shape of the box 25, without losing the static efficiency.
• the small carriage 6 according to the example described comprises four winches 88 with two hooks and pillars 85 arranged vertically.
• the large carriage 5 comprises, in the example of Figure 11, two large winches 71a and two small winches 71b, these winches 71a and 71b are arranged side by side.
• the height of the lifting system 70 may be reduced, reducing the wind resistance in the direction of turning.
• each winch 71a is disposed above a small winch 71b.
• the winches 71a and 71b may each be arranged around a vertical axis.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Leg Units, Guards, And Driving Tracks Of Cranes (AREA)
• Jib Cranes (AREA)
• Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-03-25 FR FR0851910A patent/FR2929258B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-03-24 KR KR1020107021768A patent/KR20110010596A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-03-24 EP EP09729462A patent/EP2254821A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-24 CN CN200980110250.8A patent/CN102083734B/zh active Active
  • 2009-03-24 RU RU2010142436/11A patent/RU2489344C2/ru active
  • 2009-03-24 JP JP2011501277A patent/JP5752591B2/ja active Active
  • 2009-03-24 WO PCT/FR2009/050508 patent/WO2009125127A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2009-03-25 TW TW098109816A patent/TWI464103B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation

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