EP2098312B1 - Processus de fabrication de boîte emboutie destinée à des aérosols - Google Patents

Processus de fabrication de boîte emboutie destinée à des aérosols Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2098312B1
EP2098312B1 EP07850309.1A EP07850309A EP2098312B1 EP 2098312 B1 EP2098312 B1 EP 2098312B1 EP 07850309 A EP07850309 A EP 07850309A EP 2098312 B1 EP2098312 B1 EP 2098312B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel sheet
forming
less
aerosol
drawn
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Not-in-force
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EP07850309.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2098312A1 (fr
EP2098312A4 (fr
Inventor
Katsumi Kojima
Yuka Nishihara
Yasuhide Oshima
Hiroki Iwasa
Hiroshi Kubo
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Publication of EP2098312A4 publication Critical patent/EP2098312A4/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/38—Details of the container body
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for making aerosol drawn cans used as containers such as various types of sprays.
  • a welded can has a can body made of a rectangular plate welded into a cylindrical shape, and a can bottom and a can end (dome top) attached to the can body.
  • a mounting cup equipped with a jet nozzle is attached to the dome top.
  • a drawn can is prepared by applying diametral reduction to an opening end side of a bottomed cylindrical can body formed by impact forming, drawing-redrawing, drawing-redrawing-ironing, or other suitable forming methods so that the diameter of that portion is smaller than the diameter of the can body, and attaching a mounting cup.
  • a drawn can is also called a one-piece can or a mono-block can.
  • drawn cans are used in applications where the appearance of the package is important due to the nature of the product.
  • drawn cans are widely used is usages such as air fresheners, antiperspirants, and hair tonics.
  • steel sheets are usually used in welded cans and aluminum is usually used in drawn cans.
  • the main reasons for not using steel sheets as the raw material for drawn cans are as follows.
  • the first reason is that red rust that occurs with steel sheets does not occur with aluminum.
  • red rust occurs with steel sheets does not occur with aluminum.
  • the appearance of the aerosol can is significantly degraded and the commercial value of the product may be lowered.
  • the second reason is that since aluminum is softer than the steel sheets, it is relatively easy with aluminum to form a cylindrical can body integrated with bottom by employing impact forming, drawing-redrawing, drawing-redrawing-ironing, or other suitable forming, to conduct diametral reduction on the opening end portion of the can body, and to form a bead portion in the opening end portion to attach a mounting cup.
  • Steps for making an aerosol can constituted by a drawn can by using a flat plate as the raw material is shown in Fig. 1 and described below:
  • Aerosol cans of various types and sizes are available in the market.
  • a particularly high strain level is involved.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for overcoming low corrosion resistance by enhancing the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet itself.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of using stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance, as the steel sheet.
  • stainless steel has high corrosion resistance, it is expensive and will increase the cost of cans.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of coating the steel sheet surface with a metal having high corrosion resistance.
  • the technique uses an aluminum-coated steel sheet so that rusting of the can bottom of the drawn and ironed aerosol can is prevented.
  • rust may be prevented at the can bottom portion where the strain level is low; however, the can body subjected to drawing and ironing may rust because the aluminum coating is damaged.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of enhancing the corrosion resistance by coating the steel sheet surfaces.
  • the technique relates to an inner-coated metal container having a cured polyamideimide-based coating.
  • this technique discloses that it is possible to use a steel sheet as the material in making an aerosol can, the examples of the steel sheets are related to welded cans only and sufficient disclosure related to corrosion resistance of drawn cans is not specifically provided. Thus, the effect is not clear.
  • the specification discloses that this technique can be applied to a can body after forming or to a metal sheet before forming; however, in Examples, only aluminum cans in which coating is formed after a can body is formed are disclosed, and no specific example in which a coating is formed on a metal sheet before forming and the metal sheet is then worked is provided.
  • the present inventors have conducted investigations by drawing a steel sheet coated with a thermosetting coating; however, coating was damaged during some forming steps, and sufficient corrosion resistance could not be obtained.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a technique of obtaining a drawn aerosol can by using a steel sheet laminated with a polyethylene terephthalate biaxially stretched film. According to this technique, since the can body after drawing is coated with an undamaged laminate film, corrosion resistance is high. However, can bodies obtained by this technique maintain the corrosion resistance only when can bodies are not subjected to diametral reduction at the opening end as shown by the examples. Diametral reduction and curing required for making an aerosol can from a flat plate material are not conducted. Thus the resulting cans do not have appealing contours and cannot substitute existing aerosol cans.
  • the second reason why the steel sheet has not been used as the raw material for the drawn cans is that the strain level must be significantly high to produce aerosol cans of various types and sizes currently available in the market and that forming such cans using steel sheets has not been easy.
  • Patent Documents 5 and 6 each disclose a technique of increasing the formability by increasing the tensile strength increment in forming at an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1, to a particular level or higher. This technique assumes a strain level lower than the strain level required for aerosol cans described above. Moreover, the studies by the present inventors have found that if these steel sheets are applied to the laminated steel sheets for drawn cans, troubles will occur during processing. In particular, buckling occurred during diametral reduction where the opening end portion was compressed in the circumferential direction, and the opening end portion of the can body frequently cracked by processing during formation of the bead portion by curling.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for making an aerosol drawn can which can be formed without buckling or cracking and allowing to obtain an aerosol drawn can having a satisfactory can body strength and excellent corrosion resistance.
  • the present inventors have conducted studies and found that it is not sufficient to merely use a conventional laminated steel sheets for drawing applications in order to make an aerosol drawn can from a steel sheet, and that a laminated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and high formability must be used.
  • an aerosol drawn can can be produced while avoiding buckling at the neck portion and cracking at the curl portion which have been problem in the related art, by using a laminated steel sheet having particular properties and excellent corrosion resistance. Accordingly, cans having excellent corrosion resistance and the size and shape the same as that of existing, commercially available aerosol cans can be formed by using steel sheets as the raw material.
  • a drawn aerosol can which is the product of the method of the present invention, is formed through the steps shown Fig. 1 described below:
  • Aerosol cans of various types and sizes are available in the market.
  • the forming at a strain level prescribed as follows must be conducted in steps (5) and (6) by using the dimensions shown in Figs. 2 and 3 : 1.5 ⁇ h / R ⁇ r where
  • the shape and the size of the aerosol can to be produced are determined to be the same as those of commercially available aerosol cans.
  • the shape and size of the commercially available aerosol cans are described in, for example, Federation of European Aerosol Association Standard No. 215, No. 219, and No. 220.
  • the size parameters r, h and r 1 shown in Fig. 2 can be determined from this.
  • the thickness of the laminated steel sheet used for cans is determined on the basis of the strength, weight, and material costs required for the cans.
  • the forming steps shown in Fig. 1 are determined, and the sheet thickness distribution in step (5) is determined. Accordingly, the weight of the finished can is determined.
  • the radius R of the circular blank before forming is determined. Then the shape of the bead portion is determined to determine the size parameter r 2 in Fig. 3 .
  • the radius R 0 of the circular blank can be determined by adequately setting the amount of trimming in the trimming step shown in (4) in Fig. 1 .
  • the above-described conditions of the strain level are determined by conducting these operations for the shape and size of the various commercially available aerosol cans. The relationships a), b), and c) above are determined as such.
  • the reason for this is presumably as follows.
  • the strain level evaluated by normal tensile test is usually about 0.3 to 0.4, whereas the strain level required for drawn aerosol cans is higher.
  • the mechanical properties obtained by the normal tensile test and the like cannot give indices adequate for the high strain level required during diametral reduction and curling.
  • the present inventors have studied can bodies obtained by actual forming experiments in detail to search for the factors that cause buckling during diametral reduction and cracking during curling in the can body worked at a high strain level.
  • the present inventors have done trial calculations with regard to sizes and shapes of various aerosol cans commercially available and found that the strain level at the opening end portion before diametral reduction, i.e., at step (4) in Fig. 1 , is about 1.6 in terms of equivalent strain ⁇ eq.
  • the equivalent strain ⁇ eq is a value determined from the thickness direction strain ⁇ t at the wall portion of the can body after forming, the circumferential direction strain ⁇ , the can height direction strain ⁇ by
  • the reason for this is presumably as follows.
  • the buckling during diametral reduction is more suppressed when the material is apt to deform in the circumferential direction by compression deformation, and thus buckling is suppressed at a critical value of the strength, i.e., 800 MPa or more.
  • the forming that gives the equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6 is most preferably conducted by actual drawing; however, other forming techniques may be used for evaluation as long as the equivalent strain is the same.
  • the present inventors have conducted forming by rolling in addition to the actual can forming process.
  • the equivalent strain during rolling can be determined by replacing the circumferential direction strain in the above-described relationships with the plate width direction strain.
  • the constriction can be reduced and the curl cracks can be prevented under a condition of 0.25 ⁇ tb/to where tb is the sheet thickness at the fracture surface after tensile fracture after forming at an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6 and to is the sheet thickness before tensile fracture.
  • tb/to is the index indicating the constriction caused by fracture of the steel sheet.
  • Fig. 4 shows that buckling does not occur during diametral reduction and cracking is prevented during curling by controlling the tensile strength TS after forming at an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6 to satisfy TS ⁇ 800 MPa and by controlling the sheet thickness tb at the fracture surface after tensile fracture and the sheet thickness to before tensile fracture to satisfy 0.25 ⁇ tb/to.
  • the properties of the steel sheet are that the tensile strength TS after forming at an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6 satisfies TS ⁇ 800 MPa and that the thickness tb at the fracture surface after tensile fracture and the sheet thickness to before tensile fracture satisfy 0.25 ⁇ tb/to.
  • the C content range is preferably 0.0005% or more and 0.09% or less.
  • Silicon is an element that degrades the surface properties of the steel sheet.
  • a high Si content is not preferred for surface-treated steel sheets, hardens the steel and renders hot-rolling difficult, and hardens a steel sheet as a finished product.
  • the Si content is preferably 0.1% or less.
  • the Si content is more preferably 0.050% or less.
  • Manganese (Mn) is an element that hardens the steel. At a high Mn content, the formability is adversely affected, and the surface properties may be degraded as manganese concentrates in the surface layer during annealing. From this viewpoint, the Mn content is preferably 1.0% or less. If the Mn content is less than 0.05%, it is difficult to avoid hot shortness even when the S content is low, thereby leading to problems such as surface cracks. At a Mn content exceeding 0.6%, the transformation point excessively lowers, and it may be difficult to obtain a desirable hot rolled sheet. Thus, more preferably, the Mn content is 0.05% or more and 0.6% or less.
  • the corrosion resistance can be enhanced by decreasing the P content, excessive reduction in P content leads to an increase in production cost.
  • the P content is preferably 0.02% or less. In the case where formability is important, the P content is more preferably 0.01% or less.
  • the S content increases, the amount of inclusions such as MnS increases and the local ductility decreases, which may cause curl cracks.
  • the S content is limited to 0.05% or less.
  • the S content is preferably 0.010% or less to significantly improve the formability.
  • Al content less than 0.01% or more than 0.1%, the probability of entry of foreign matter (entry of scales and entry of inclusions) is increased, and troubles during forming may be induced.
  • Aluminum is added to fix and remove oxygen in the molten metal as alumina. Alumina itself surfaces and is removed from the molten metal as it is absorbed in the slag. At a low Al content, oxygen may not be sufficiently removed, the amount of oxides in the steel may increase, and the frequency of the oxides as the inclusions to enter the steel sheet may increase. At a high Al content, produced alumina may not be sufficiently removed and alumina itself may serve as an inclusion. Thus the Al content is preferably 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less.
  • the N content range is preferably 0.0060% or less.
  • the forming speed of drawn cans is usually indicated in terms of a speed of strokes of the press machine.
  • the forming speed is usually several ten strokes to a hundred and several ten strokes per minute, although the speed may vary depending on the can height.
  • the speed is about 100 strokes per minute on average.
  • the B content range is preferably 0.0001% or more and 0.003% or less.
  • the steel Since the steel is originally soft, a steel sheet having a relatively low strength is obtained after forming. This effect is not notable if the Ti and Nb contents are less than 0.001% and is saturated if the Ti and Nb contents are more than 0.05%. Moreover, the strength increases excessively and the recrystallization temperature increases when Ti and Nb contents are more than 0.05%, and addition of large amounts of these elements increases the cost. Thus, the range of the Ti and Nb contents is preferably 0.001% or more and 0.05% or less. Titanium and niobium exhibit the above-described effects when used alone but may be used in combination.
  • Nickel, chromium, and copper are elements that lower the transformation point and reduce the size of the structure of the hot rolled steel sheet. Thus, when they are contained in excessive amounts, the hot rolled sheet becomes harder and the load of cold rolling increases, thereby making the production difficult. Moreover, the cost of the steel may increase. Thus, the upper limit of the amounts of these elements is preferably 0.5%.
  • the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the laminated steel sheet used as the raw material for producing aerosol drawn cans by the method of the present invention must have the above-described properties and preferably has the above-described composition. These requirements are most important in the present invention.
  • the raw material itself has corrosion resistance and sufficient formability such as described above, aerosol drawn cans can be produced even when a significantly high strain level is involved.
  • the conditions of the properties of the steel sheet used in the method of the present invention are that the tensile strength TS after forming at an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6 satisfies TS ⁇ 800 MPa and that the thickness tb at the fracture surface after tensile fracture and the sheet thickness to before tensile fracture satisfy 0.25 ⁇ tb/to.
  • Any material may be used as the black plate of the laminated steel sheet used in the present invention as long as these properties are satisfied.
  • a material containing the above-described components is advantageous for processing.
  • the process for making the steel sheet having these properties is not particularly limited. The representative examples of the process are described below.
  • composition of the steel is as follows:
  • a steel may contain, in terms of percent by mass, C: 0.0005 to 0.09%, Al: 0.01 to 0.1%, and N: 0.0060% or less, at least one of Ti: 0.001% to 0.05% and Nb: 0.001% to 0.05%, B: 0.0001% to 0.003%, Si: 0.1% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, S: 0.02% or less, P: 0.02% or less, Ni: 0.5% or less, Cr: 0.5% or less, Cu: 0.5% or less.
  • the steel containing these components is melted and continuously casted into a slab.
  • the slab After cooling, the slab is heated to 1100°C to 1300°C, hot-rolled at a finishing temperature of Ar3 transformation temperature of higher, and coiled at a coiling temperature of 540°C to 720°C. Subsequently, the hot-rolled coil is cooled, pickled, and rolled at a rolling ratio of 80% to 94%. In order to suppress formation of ears during drawing, the rolling ratio is preferably 85% to 92%.
  • the cold-rolled coil is degreased to remove the lubricant used in cold rolling and then annealed by box annealing or continuous annealing. Annealing is preferably conducted by continuous annealing that offers excellent productivity and material homogeneity.
  • the steel sheet is heated to a recrystallization temperature or higher, soaked to complete recrystallization, and cooled.
  • cooling it is preferable to cool from the soaking temperature to about 400°C at a cooling rate of about 20 °C/s or more and to conduct overaging treatment by retaining the steel at this temperature for a predetermined time.
  • the film that constitutes the film-laminated steel sheet used in the present invention is not particularly limited. In order to eliminate the possibility of film damage during processing as much as possible, the film is preferably as follows.
  • the film is preferably any resin obtained by polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component, the dicarboxylic acid component containing terephthalic acid, or terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid, the diol component containing ethylene glycol and/or butylene glycol, in which the molar ratio of the ethylene terephthalate or butylene terephthalate repeating units is 84% or more, the resin being selected from (1) to (5) below:
  • At least the outermost surface layer includes a main phase composed of a resin mainly composed of a thermoplastic polyester having one of resins (1) to (5) as the main skeleton and an auxiliary phase composed of a mixed resin containing a polyolefin.
  • the polyolefin is preferably at least one selected from a polyethylene, a polypropylene, and an ionomer.
  • the laminated steel sheet used in the present invention includes a steel sheet as the substrate.
  • a surface-treated steel sheet subjected to any of various surface treatments is preferably used as the steel sheet.
  • a surface-treated steel sheet on which a double layer coating including metallic chromium in the lower layer and chromium hydroxide in the upper layer is formed (also known as TFS) is most preferred.
  • the amounts of deposition of the metallic chromium layer and the chromium hydroxide layer of the TFS are not particularly limited.
  • the deposition amount of the metallic chromium layer is in the range of 70 to 200 mg/m 2 and the deposition amount of the chromium hydroxide layer is in the range of 10 to 30 mg/m 2 in terms of chromium.
  • the aerosol drawn can is made from a laminated steel sheet having the above-described properties and coated with an organic resin film by forming the laminated steel sheet in accordance to the relationships below.
  • the details of each step is as follows: 1.5 ⁇ h / R ⁇ r , 2.8 ⁇ R / r 1 , and 1.1 ⁇ r 2 / r 1
  • h the height from the can bottom to the opening edge portion
  • r the outer radius of the can body
  • R the radius of the circular blank before forming having a weight equivalent to the weight of the finished can
  • r 1 the outer radius of the opening edge portion
  • R 1 is the radius of the circular blank before forming at a position corresponding to the opening edge portion
  • r 2 the outer radius of the bead portion.
  • the circular blank is preferably made by a method that uses a circular cutter and a die.
  • the circular blank can be made by the first drawing among a plurality of times of drawing performed after preparation of the circular blank. Note that in order to suppress ear formation during drawing, non-circular blanks slightly deviating from a perfect circle are used in some cases. Such a method may be employed in the present invention without any problem.
  • the contour of the circular blank need not be a perfect circle.
  • Step of Forming a Can Body by Drawing the Circular Blank a Plurality of Times into a Bottomed Cylindrical Shape In order to form the laminated steel sheet into a bottomed cylinder constituting the can body of the drawn can, a technique of drawing the circular blank a plurality of times to obtain a predetermined height is employed.
  • the number of times of drawing and the drawing ratio can be adequately selected.
  • the number of times of drawing is preferably small but this requires a low drawing ratio, i.e., extensive forming.
  • the number of times of drawing is preferably 10 or less.
  • the drawing ratio is preferably 0.4 or more if the circular blank is drawn for the first time, and 0.5 or more in the subsequent drawing (redrawing).
  • drawing of the present invention a plurality of times of drawing is performed as a standard operation.
  • a drawing-ironing process to which ironing is added may also be employed.
  • a thin-wall drawing process in which the steel is drawn while applying a back tension by the blank holder pressure so that the sheet thickness can be reduced by utilizing the bending/unbending deformation, or a thin-wall drawing-ironing process in which ironing is added in addition to the aforementioned thin-wall drawing process.
  • the lubrication conditions affect the drawing process. Since the coating film of the laminated steel sheet is soft and the surface of the steel sheet is smooth and flat, the laminated steel sheet originally has an enhanced lubricity. Thus, no lubricant is required in drawing. However, a lubricant is preferably used in the cases involving a low drawing ratio, for example. An adequate type of lubricant may be selected to achieve the object described above.
  • the thickness of the wall portion of the can body changes relative to the original sheet thickness.
  • the change in sheet thickness is expressed by the average sheet thickness change rate t/t 0 where t is the average sheet thickness over the entire can height and t 0 is the original sheet thickness
  • t/t 0 tends to be more than 1 (> 1) in the drawing-redrawing process
  • t/t 0 tends to be less than 1 ( ⁇ 1) in the drawing-ironing process, the thin-wall drawing process, the thin-wall drawing-ironing process, and the like.
  • the average sheet thickness change ratio is preferably in the range of 0.5 ⁇ t/t 0 ⁇ 1.5.
  • the aerosol can desirably obtained in the method of the present invention needs to have a compression strength of 15 kgf/cm 2 or more so that a propellant can be charged.
  • a compression strength of 15 kgf/cm 2 or more so that a propellant can be charged.
  • the pressure inside the can body of the bottomed cylinder works in such a direction that expands the can body in the circumferential direction relative to the can body sidewall.
  • the can body component is sufficiently hardened by the drawing process and does not deform by the action of the internal pressure.
  • the internal pressure works on the can bottom portion while the outer peripheral portion of the can bottom is restrained by the can body, the can bottom will deform outward if the internal pressure is high.
  • the influence of the internal pressure must be taken into account in designing the can bottom.
  • it is effective to increase the sheet thickness of the can bottom portion, to increase the strength of the component, and/or to form the can bottom into a dome shape protruding toward the inner side of the can.
  • a technique of pressing a die having a dome-like outer shape onto the can bottom is suitable.
  • the method of trimming is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a press method in which trimming is performed with an outer blade with a circular hole and a cylindrical inner blade, a pinching method, and a spinning method in which trimming is performed with a solid cylindrical inner blade (inserted into the interior of the can body) and a disk-shaped outer blade with a sharp edge rotating reciprocally.
  • the opening end of the aerosol can must be necked to a diameter not more than the diameter of the cylinder in order to mount a mounting cup on the opening of the can body.
  • a die necking method in which the opening end portion is pressed against a die having a tapered inner surface to reduce the diameter
  • a spin necking method in which a rotary tool is pressed against the can body opening end portion at inner side in the can body radial direction, and other suitable methods may be employed. From the standpoint of eliminating the film damage as much as possible, the dine necking method is suitable.
  • the radius reduction ratio (radius after diametral reduction/radius before diametral reduction) is preferably 0.7 or more. Since the laminated steel sheet is coated with a soft film and has a flat and smooth surface, the laminated steel sheet has enhanced lubricity and requires no lubricant in diametral reduction. However, in order to eliminate film damage by the slide with the tool as much as possible, a lubricant is preferably used.
  • the type of lubricant may be any that achieves the above-described object.
  • a bead portion which is a structure that allows attachment of the mounting cup on the opening end portion, is formed.
  • the bead portion is made by curl forming.
  • the curling method that can be employed include a die curl method in which a curl die having a cylindrical insert with a bottom portion having an arcuate curved surface is pressed against the can body opening end portion and a spinning method in which a roll having an arcuate curved surface is pressed against the can body opening end portion.
  • the present invention it is effective to conduct heat treatment during the series of forming steps.
  • the stresses caused by strain applied to the film of the laminated steel sheet during the forming steps can be relaxed by the heat treatment, and the film damage in the subsequent steps can be reduced.
  • heating at the glass transition point of the film or higher and not more than 30°C higher than the film melting point is preferred.
  • a drawn can was made through the forming steps below. Step of preparing a circular blank from a flat plate raw material
  • Each of the steels having compositions show in Table 1 was formed under the production conditions shown in Table 2 so as to obtain a steel sheet having a thickness of 0.21 mm.
  • a micro polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was laminated by a heat lamination method on both sides of a TFS formed using the resulting steel sheet as the black plate so as to obtain a laminated steel sheet.
  • a circular blank was prepared using this laminated steel sheet as the raw material. The blank radius was 86 mm.
  • the circular blank obtained as above was drawn five times to form a drawn can.
  • the can bottom portion was worked to protrude into a hemispherical shape having a depth of 6 mm.
  • a press trimming method that uses an outer blade with a circular hole and a cylindrical inner blade was employed for trimming.
  • the can upper end portion was trimmed for about 2 mm.
  • Diametral reduction was performed in 8 stages from the diameter of the can body to the target diameter at diameter reduction ratios shown in Table 4 by a die neck method in which a die having a tapered inner surface was pressed against the opening end upper portion of the can body to reduce the diameter.
  • the can body was heated for 5 minutes in a hot air furnace with a furnace temperature of 220°C and then immediately cooled in a water vessel at a room temperature between the step of dome-forming the can bottom portion to protrude toward the can inner side and the step of trimming so as to avoid film damage of the laminated steel sheet, although this heating has no direct relevancy to the problems during processing in the present invention.
  • the series of drawing, dome-forming, trimming, diametral reduction, and curling steps was conducted under a condition in which the stroke speed of the press machine was 80 to 160 strokes per minute.
  • Each sample material (the above-described laminated steel sheet used as the raw material) was rolled to apply an equivalent strain ⁇ eq of 1.6.
  • the rolled sample was processed into a Japanese Industrial Standard No. 13 B specimen and subjected to tensile test in which the specimen was pulled in the rolling direction to determine the tensile strength TS. The pulling rate was 10 mm/min. Since the sample material was a laminated steel sheet and had a laminated film coating the steel sheet surface, the film was removed before the tensile test was conducted. After the tensile test, the original sheet thickness to before the tensile test (before tensile fracture) and the sheet thickness tb at the fracture surface after tensile fracture were measured, and tb/to was calculated.
  • a sample was rated ⁇ when the frequency of occurrence of buckling was 100 ppm or less and a sample was rated X when the frequency of occurrence of buckling was more than 100 ppm during diametral reduction irrespective of the number of times diametral reduction was conducted.
  • a sample was rated ⁇ when the frequency of occurrence of cracking was 100 ppm or less and a sample was rated X when the frequency of occurrence of cracking was more than 100 ppm during curling. Since the curling step is performed continuously after the applying diametral reduction step, samples that failed the diametral reduction property evaluation were not evaluated. Moreover, since samples with poor diametral reduction property and curling property cannot be used as the product in operation, the evaluation on the following items was not conducted.
  • the surface of a finished drawn can was observed to monitor the presence of process defects considered to be attributable to the steel sheet, such as pinholes in the sidewall portion, roll marks in the rolling direction of the steel sheet, and the like. Occurrence of such defects is extremely rare, and the frequency of occurrence is 50 ppm or less. A sample in which process defects occurred at a frequency of 10 to 50 ppm in continuous processing was rated ⁇ and a sample in which process defects occurred at a frequency of less than 10 ppm was rated ⁇ .
  • the processing speed of drawn cans is usually indicated in terms of stroke speed of a press machine.
  • a sample in which the frequency of occurrence of cracking was 50 ppm or less, i.e., the level that does not adversely affect usual operation, during curling at a processing speed of 80 to 120 strokes per minute was rated ⁇ , and a sample in which the frequency of occurrence of cracking was 50 ppm or less during curling at a processing speed of 120 strokes per minute or higher was rated ⁇ .
  • Table 5 shows that the examples of the present invention having TS and tb/to within the ranges of the present invention were excellent in all properties. Moreover, the frequency of occurrence of process defects is low when C, Al, and N are within the ranges of the present invention. Samples containing B have excellent high-speed formability and samples containing Ti and/or Nb have excellent drawability.
  • Examples r, s, t and u of the present invention have no problem with respect to properties, but since their compositions partly deviate from the preferable ranges, process defects such as pinholes in the sidewall of the drawn can occurred in comparison with the samples of the present invention whose compositions are within the preferable ranges.
  • the frequency of defects is 50 ppm or less, which is a level that does not cause any problem in continuous processing.
  • comparative examples c, d, and k have TS higher than the range of the present invention, and the diametral reduction property of these examples is poor.
  • Comparative examples f and h have tb/to below the range of the present invention, and the curling property of these examples is poor.
  • the present invention is most suited to aerosol drawn cans.
  • the present invention may also be suitable for usages, other than aerosol cans, that involve a high strain level as assumed in the present invention and require can body strength, corrosion resistance, appearance, and the like.
  • the present invention is also applicable to general two-piece cans.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol, satisfaisant les caractéristiques ci-dessous et utilisant, en tant que matière première, une feuille d'acier stratifiée recouverte d'un film de résine organique,
    dans lequel
    la feuille d'acier stratifiée présente une résistance à la traction TS de 800 MPa ou moins mesurée après la formation à une déformation équivalente εeq de 1,6 et satisfait la relation 0,25 ≤ tb/to dans laquelle tb est une épaisseur de feuille à une surface de fracture après fracture et to est une épaisseur de feuille avant la fracture : 1 , 5 ≤ h / R − r
    Figure imgb0018
     2 , 8 ≤ R / r 1
    Figure imgb0019
     1 , 1 ≤ r 2 / r 1
    Figure imgb0020
     où
    h : est une hauteur depuis le niveau inférieur d'une boîte jusqu'à une partie de bordure ouverte ;
    r : est un diamètre extérieure d'un corps de boîte ;
    R : est un rayon d'une ébauche circulaire avant la formation ayant un poids équivalent au poids d'un corps final formé en boîte ;
    r1 : est un rayon extérieur d'une partie de bordure ouverte ; et
    r2 : est un rayon extérieur d'un cordon de soudure.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la feuille d'acier stratifiée contient, en composition chimique de pourcentage en poids, du C : de 0,0005 à 0,09%, du Si : de 0,1% ou moins, du Mn : 1,0% ou moins, du P : 0,02% ou moins, du S : 0,02% ou moins, du Al : de 0,01 à 0,1%, du N : 0,0060% ou moins, et le reste étant du Fe et des impuretés inévitables.
  3. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la feuille d'acier stratifiée contient en outre, en composition chimique de pourcentage en poids, du B : de 0,0001% à 0,003%.
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la feuille d'acier stratifiée contient en outre, en composition chimique de pourcentage en poids, au moins du Ti : de 0,001% à 0,05% et du Nb : de 0,001% à 0,05%.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la feuille d'acier stratifiée contient en outre, en composition chimique de pourcentage en poids, au moins du Ti : de 0,001% à 0,05% et du Nb : de 0,001% à 0,05%.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'une boîte étirée d'aérosol selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la résistance à la traction TS mesurée après la formation à une déformation équivalente εeq de 1,6 est comprise entre 600 et 800 MPa et la relation 0,25 ≤ tb/to ≤ 0,40 est satisfaite, dans laquelle tb est une épaisseur de feuille à une surface de fracture après fracture et to est une épaisseur de feuille avant la fracture.
EP07850309.1A 2006-12-05 2007-12-03 Processus de fabrication de boîte emboutie destinée à des aérosols Not-in-force EP2098312B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2006328458A JP4972771B2 (ja) 2006-12-05 2006-12-05 エアゾール用絞り加工缶の製造方法およびエアゾール用絞り加工缶
PCT/JP2007/073735 WO2008069332A1 (fr) 2006-12-05 2007-12-03 Processus de fabrication de boîte étirée destinée à des aérosols et boîte étirée destinée à des aérosols

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EP2098312A1 EP2098312A1 (fr) 2009-09-09
EP2098312A4 EP2098312A4 (fr) 2015-03-18
EP2098312B1 true EP2098312B1 (fr) 2017-02-01

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US (1) US20100096279A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2098312B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4972771B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101095485B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101553329B (fr)
CA (1) CA2671362C (fr)
PT (1) PT2098312T (fr)
WO (1) WO2008069332A1 (fr)

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WO2022129991A1 (fr) 2020-12-16 2022-06-23 Arcelormittal Tôle d'acier revêtue d'étain et son procédé de fabrication

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CN101553329B (zh) 2011-12-28
JP2008137719A (ja) 2008-06-19
CA2671362A1 (fr) 2008-06-12
US20100096279A1 (en) 2010-04-22
KR20090077978A (ko) 2009-07-16
WO2008069332A1 (fr) 2008-06-12
EP2098312A1 (fr) 2009-09-09
JP4972771B2 (ja) 2012-07-11
EP2098312A4 (fr) 2015-03-18
KR101095485B1 (ko) 2011-12-16
PT2098312T (pt) 2017-03-14
CN101553329A (zh) 2009-10-07
CA2671362C (fr) 2011-07-05

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