EP2019396B1 - Elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit mindestens zwei Wicklungen - Google Patents

Elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit mindestens zwei Wicklungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2019396B1
EP2019396B1 EP08354047.6A EP08354047A EP2019396B1 EP 2019396 B1 EP2019396 B1 EP 2019396B1 EP 08354047 A EP08354047 A EP 08354047A EP 2019396 B1 EP2019396 B1 EP 2019396B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
windings
voltage
terminal
winding
control
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EP08354047.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2019396A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane FOLLIC
Michel Lauraire
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H01F7/1827—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current by changing number of serially-connected turns or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H01F7/1833—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current by changing number of parallel-connected turns or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1888—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings using pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H01F7/1811—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current demagnetising upon switching off, removing residual magnetism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a magnetic circuit formed by a ferromagnetic yoke extending along a longitudinal axis, and a movable ferromagnetic core mounted to slide axially along the longitudinal axis of the yoke.
  • the actuator comprises at least two coils and means for switching the coils from a series position to a parallel position and vice versa.
  • windings for the phases of calling and maintaining an electromagnetic actuator. Indeed, the optimization of the energy operation of the electromagnetic actuators is often taken into account at the time of their design.
  • a known principle is to use a first type of winding at the time of the call phase and a second winding during the holding phase. The use of several specific windings is described in the state of the art, in particular in the following patents FR2290009 , US4227231 , US4609965 , EP1009003 .
  • the winding used for the call phase is sized to support the bulk of the calling power and the winding used for the holding phase is intended to provide the only ampere turns required to maintain the core in the closed position .
  • Each of the windings is put into service according to the position of the core.
  • pulsed currents as described in the document of the state of the art EP0998623 does not allow to obtain a regulation of the electric current in the or coils and maintain said current complies with a setpoint.
  • the use of pulsed currents does not achieve a satisfactory level of regulation.
  • the use of pulsed current involves a fixed and unmodulated duty cycle depending on the voltage. The current is either directly a function of the voltage or linked to the voltage by a fixed ratio. There is therefore no decoupling between the voltage and the current. Independence between control voltage and current is not possible.
  • DE 197 41 570 A1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator having two coils which are controlled in parallel mode separately by two transistors and in series mode by a single transistor.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art, so as to provide an electromagnetic actuator with high energy efficiency.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises control means comprising means for regulating the electric current flowing in said at least two coils, call means arranged to control the voltage supplied to said at least two coils during a closing operation of the actuator, and controlling the switching means to place said at least two coils in parallel mode to generate a first magnetic call flow to close the actuator.
  • the control means comprise holding means arranged to control the current supplied to said at least two coils during a holding operation of the actuator in the closed position and to control the switching means to place said at least two windings in series mode to generate a second magnetic flux maintenance.
  • the regulation means comprise a comparator comparing the value of an electric current flowing through said at least two windings to a setpoint, said comparator being connected to a corrector associated with an amplifier controlling a switch.
  • the regulation means comprises a control means for modulating the supply voltage of said at least two windings according to PWM type pulse width modulation.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises first and second coils.
  • the switching means comprise a first opening means connected in series between a first terminal of the first coil and a first voltage supply terminal, a second terminal of the first coil being connected to a second terminal of the first coil. voltage supply through the control transistor.
  • the switching means comprise a second opening means connected in series between the second terminal of the first coil and a second terminal of the second coil, the second coil having a first terminal connected to the first voltage supply terminal and the second terminal. connected to the second voltage supply terminal through the second opening means and the series control transistor.
  • a third opening means is directly connected in series between second terminal of the second winding and the first terminal of the first winding.
  • At least one freewheel diode is connected in parallel and in reverse between the second terminal of the first coil and the first terminal of the second coil.
  • the three opening means are arranged to receive commands from the call or hold means so as to be placed respectively in an open or closed state, the windings being in series mode when the first and second means of opening have opened and the third opening means is closed, the coils being in parallel mode when the first and second opening means are closed and the third opening means is open.
  • the control means comprise measuring means for detecting the current flowing through the two coils.
  • control means comprise dropout means arranged so as to control a counter-voltage supplied to the two coils, and control the switching means to place the two coils in parallel mode to generate a third. magnetic flux of fallout to open the actuator.
  • the dropout means comprise a fourth opening means connected in series with the freewheel diode, a Zener diode connected in parallel and in reverse across the freewheeling diode, the fourth opening means being arranged to be controlled by the control sub-unit so as to be in an open state and disconnect the freewheeling diode, a counter-voltage being applied across the windings.
  • control means comprise voltage measuring means able to detect the voltage between the first and second voltage supply terminals before the closing operation, and to control the voltage supplied to the coils according to the voltage detected during the closing operation.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises first and second coils having the same ohmic resistance.
  • the coils are identical and have the same inductance and the same number of turns.
  • the coils are arranged on two separate coils.
  • the coils are cylindrical and aligned along the same longitudinal axis.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises test means cyclically controlling the change. configuration of said at least two coils during the holding phase, the test means sending commands to switching means for temporarily placing said at least two coils in parallel.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises a fixed magnetic circuit of ferromagnetic material.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises a ferromagnetic yoke 2 extending along a longitudinal axis Y.
  • a movable ferromagnetic core 3 is placed opposite the cylinder head. Said core is mounted to slide axially along the longitudinal axis Y of the yoke.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises at least two windings L1, L2. Said at least two coils preferably extend along the longitudinal axis Y.
  • the actuator is of type E. It may be envisaged other plunger actuator geometry such as actuators type U.
  • the actuators may or may not include polar expansion or permanent magnets.
  • the actuator comprises first and second coils L1, L2.
  • Switching means 10 place said at least two windings L1, L2 in series or parallel depending on the operating phase of the actuator.
  • Said at least two windings L1, L2 are connected in parallel during a call phase during which the farm actuator. During a closing operation of the actuator, said at least two windings L1, L2 generate a first call magnetic flux ⁇ call to move the mobile core 3 from a first position P1 to a second position P2.
  • Said at least two coils are connected in series during a holding phase during which the actuator is held in a position of closing.
  • Said at least two windings L1, L2 generate a second holding magnetic flux ⁇ holding to keep the core 16 mobile in its second position P2.
  • Control means 20 control the switching means 10 to place the at least two windings L1, L2 in parallel mode or in series mode.
  • Control means 20 comprise means 22 for regulating the electric current flowing in the at least two windings L1, L2.
  • control means 20 regulate the electric current I flowing in the two windings L1, L2 of the actuator. This temporal regulation is preferably dependent on a setpoint that can be a function of several parameters taken alone or in combination.
  • the setpoint can be set according to a current profile defined according to its evolution as a function of time.
  • the setpoint can be set according to a time constant. A sudden transition between the call and hold phase is then observed after a predetermined time.
  • the setpoint can be set according to the position of the moving armature. A sudden transition between the call and hold phase is then observed when the moving armature of the actuator has reached a determined position.
  • the setpoint can also be set according to the desired closing time. This closing time is dependent on the power of the source on the call. This constraint can then have an impact on the consumption in the maintenance phase. The limitation of the consumption during the holding phase makes it possible to limit the heat dissipation.
  • a corrector 223 which may be for example a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) type regulator.
  • the PID regulator is a control device allowing to carry out a closed-loop control of the actuator, the control having to operate even if the environmental conditions change, in particular when the supply voltage of the actuator is changed.
  • the regulator is associated with an amplifier 224 which may for example be a pulse width modulation PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) type amplifier.
  • the amplifier controls a switch 226. This modulation of the width of the pulses as a function of the voltage makes it possible to adjust the value of the current to the nearest of the setpoint.
  • the actual current flowing through said at least two windings L1, L2 is measured by a sensor 225.
  • a comparator 222 compares the value of said actual current with the setpoint.
  • the current sensor 225 may for example be a measuring shunt such as a resistor R1 placed in series with said at least two windings L1, L2.
  • the known value resistance is preferably low.
  • the regulation means 22 can reproducibly provide a stable electrical current. As shown on the Figure 7B , the electric current is then independent of the voltage and temperature variations. An actuator operating in a wide range of voltage is then obtained with a window of regulated currents as wide as possible. In addition, the operation is relatively insensitive to the conditions of use. The only limitations concern the specific limits of PWM type control. The regulation is indeed limited in a certain voltage range between a minimum value and a maximum value.
  • the regulation means 22 comprises a control transistor TC for modulating the voltage supplied to said at least two windings L1, L2 according to PWM type pulse width modulation.
  • the coil current measurement is performed via the resistor R1 associated with a filter capacitor.
  • the measure is then compared that attacks a comparator to modulate the PWM and allow to obtain a regulation of the current.
  • the control means 20 comprise call means 23B, 24, 21, 22 arranged to control the voltage supplied to said at least two windings L1, L2 during a closing operation of the actuator.
  • the control means 20 comprise holding means 23B, 24, 21, 22 arranged to control the electric current supplied to said at least two windings L1, L2 during a holding operation of the actuator in the closed position.
  • the switching means 10 comprise a first opening means T1 connected in series between a first terminal L1a of the first coil L1 and a first voltage supply terminal A.
  • a second terminal L1b of the first coil L1 is connected to a second voltage supply terminal B through a control transistor TC regulating means 22.
  • the switching means 10 comprise a second opening means T2 connected in series between the second terminal L1b of the first coil L1 and a second terminal L2b of the second coil L2.
  • Said second winding L2 has a first terminal L2a connected to the first voltage supply terminal A and the second terminal L2b connected to the second voltage supply terminal B through the second opening means T2 and the control transistor TC in series.
  • a third opening means T3 is directly connected in series between the second terminal L2b of the second coil L2 and the first terminal L1a of the first coil L1.
  • at least one freewheeling diode D2 is connected in parallel and in reverse between the second terminal L1b of the first coil L1 and the first terminal L2a of the second coil L2. The diode D2 is therefore not busy when the first voltage supply terminal A is powered with a positive voltage.
  • the three opening means T1, T2, T3 are arranged to receive commands from a control sub-unit 24 so as to be placed respectively in an open and closed state and vice versa.
  • the windings L1, L2 are in series mode when the first and second opening means T1, T2 are open and the third opening means T3 is closed.
  • the windings L1, L2 are in parallel mode when the first and second opening means T1, T2 are closed and the third opening means T3 is open.
  • the first and second opening means T1, T2 respectively comprise a transistor that can be controlled by the control sub-unit 24 of the control means 20.
  • the third opening means T3 preferably comprises a transistor controlled by the control sub-unit 24.
  • the control means 20 comprise measuring means R1 for detecting the current flowing through the two windings L1, L2.
  • the measuring means R1 comprises a measurement resistor connected in series between the control transistor TC and the second voltage supply terminal B.
  • the third opening means T3 comprises a switching diode D1 connected in parallel and in reverse to the second winding L2.
  • the addition of the switching diode D1 ensures proper operation if the actuation of the first and second opening means T1, T2 is not synchronized.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises a first and a second coil L1, L2.
  • the two coils L1, L2 have identical coils, and therefore substantially identical ohmic resistances, the same number of turns as well as the same inductance.
  • the coils L1, L2 are cylindrical and aligned along the same longitudinal axis Y.
  • the actuator according to the invention can be used for a wide range of supply voltage which makes it very versatile.
  • U max / U mini ⁇ max ⁇ Rcoil mini / ⁇ mini ⁇ Rcoil max ⁇ 1 / I call / I retention
  • ⁇ max is the maximum duty cycle equal to the ratio between the maximum pulse duration and the pulse sending period
  • ⁇ min is the minimum duty cycle equal to the ratio of the minimum pulse duration and the pulse sending period.
  • Rbobine max is equal to the maximum resistance of the winding in phase the call and Rbobine mini is equal to the minimum resistance of the winding in phase of maintenance.
  • the variation of the winding resistance depends essentially on the temperature.
  • the maximum call current is determined as a function of a minimum voltage value U min of the voltage range, for a maximum operating temperature and the maximum duty cycle.
  • the minimum holding current is determined as a function of a maximum voltage value U maximum of the voltage range, for a minimum operating temperature and the maximum duty cycle.
  • the dashed curve 50 of the figure 5 represents the evolution of the ratio of the voltages U maxi / U mini as a function of the ratio of the currents of call and of maintenance I call / I hold when the impedance of the windings varies between the call phase and the hold phase.
  • the curve in solid line 51 represents the evolution of the ratio of the voltages U maxi / U mini as a function of the ratio of the currents of call and maintenance I call / I maintenance when the impedance of the coils does not vary.
  • control means 20 of the electromagnetic actuator comprise dropout means 23A, 24.
  • the dropout means 23A, 24 are arranged to control a counter-voltage supplied to the two windings L1, L2 and to control the means of switching 10 to place the two windings L1, L2 in parallel mode to generate a third fallout magnetic flux ⁇ dropped to open the actuator.
  • the dropout means 23A, 24 comprise a fourth opening means T4 connected in series with the freewheeling diode D2. They comprise a Zener diode Dz connected in parallel and inversely across the freewheeling diode D2.
  • the fourth opening means T4, preferably a transistor, is arranged to receive commands from the control sub-unit 24 so as to be in an open state and disconnect the freewheeling diode D2, a counter-current. voltage is then applied across the windings L1, L2.
  • the dropout means 23A, 24 comprise a fifth opening means T5 connected in series with the Zener diode Dz.
  • the fifth T5 opening medium is arranged to receive commands from the control sub-unit 24 so as to be in a closed state during a dropout operation, the fifth opening means T5 being open during the closing or holding operations of the actuator .
  • the dropout means allow the passage of the windings L1, L2 in a parallel mode and facilitate the fallout of the electromagnet by reducing the level of against voltage required. This leads to a simplification of the electronic circuits especially as regards Asics components that can operate at lower voltages.
  • the passage in parallel mode of the coils makes it possible to demagnetize more quickly and thus to open the actuator more quickly.
  • the fact of placing the windings in parallel mode allows to demagnetize with a lower voltage against.
  • the same opening speed is obtained with a counter-voltage value that is twice as low.
  • the third opening means T3 comprises a transistor connected in series with the switching diode D1.
  • control means 20 comprise voltage measuring means 25 designed to detect the voltage U AB between the first and second voltage supply terminals A, B before the closing operation, and to control the voltage supplied to the coils L1, L2 depending on the supply voltage U AB detected during the closing operation.
  • each winding L1, L2 may comprise a freewheel diode connected in parallel and in reverse at these terminals.
  • the presence of parasitic capacitances on the power lines can generate a residual voltage across the actuator.
  • This residual voltage can in particular change the time required to detect the dropout voltage. By way of example, the time required to detect the dropout voltage can be increased.
  • the deleterious effect of parasitic capacitances on the opening time of an actuator can be limited by reducing the impedance of the actuator as seen from the voltage supply source. Indeed, the fact of reducing the impedance of the actuator makes it possible to absorb a greater total amount of energy, by absorbing in particular that contained in the parasitic capacitances.
  • the amount of total energy absorbed under these conditions is however limited by the ability of the actuator to withstand thermal stresses. Energy due to voltage variation of the power source in the presence of stray capacitances must be detectable and absorbable without causing excessive heating of the actuator.
  • the control means 20 of the electromagnetic actuator comprise test means cyclically controlling the configuration change of said at least two windings L1, L2.
  • the test means send commands to switching means 10 to temporarily place said at least two windings L1, L2 in parallel.
  • the impedance reduction of the actuator is then through the configuration change of the windings from the serial mode to the parallel mode.
  • Placing the coils L1, L2 in parallel mode has the consequence of reducing the impedance of the actuator by a factor k, the factor k being equal to the ratio between the resistance of the windings L1, L2 in series mode and the resistance of the coils in parallel mode.
  • the time constant of the electric circuit RLC consisting of the windings L1, L2 and parasitic capacitances is also reduced by a factor k.
  • the drop in voltage across said capacitors is therefore faster and the detection time of the dropout voltage is thus reduced by a factor k.
  • It is also possible to increase the speed of the voltage drop by increasing the level of the reference current of the coil control. In the latter case, it will be limited by a risk of overheating of the actuator.
  • the series-parallel configuration change is preferably done cyclically. The duration of this test phase, during which the windings are placed in parallel mode, must be integrated in the detection time of the dropout voltage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator, umfassend:
    - einen Magnetkreis, der aus einem ferromagnetischen Joch (2), das sich entlang einer Längsachse (Y) erstreckt, und einem beweglichen ferromagnetischen Kern (3) gebildet ist, der axialverschieblich entlang der Längsachse (Y) des Jochs montiert ist,
    - mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2),
    - Schaltmittel (10) der Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) von einer Position der Reihenschaltung in eine Position der Parallelschaltung und umgekehrt,
    - Steuermittel (20), umfassend:
    - Messmittel (R1), die dazu bestimmt sind, den Strom zu erfassen, der die mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) durchläuft,
    - Mittel zum Regeln (22) des elektrischen Stroms, der in den mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) fließt, wobei die Mittel zum Regeln (22) einen Komparator (222) aufweisen, der den Wert eines elektrischen Stroms, der die mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) durchströmt, mit einem Sollwert vergleicht,
    - Verbindungsmittel (23B, 24, 21, 22), die derart angeordnet sind, um:
    - die Spannung zu steuern, die den mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) während eines Schließvorgangs des Aktuators bereitgestellt wird, und
    - die Schaltmittel (10) zu steuern, um die mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) im Parallelmodus zu positionieren, um einen ersten Verbindungsmagnetfluss zu erzeugen, um den Aktuator zu schließen,
    - Haltemittel (23B, 24, 21, 22), die derart angeordnet sind, um:
    - den Strom zu steuern, der den mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) während eines Haltevorgangs des Aktuators in geschlossener Position zugeführt wird, und
    - die Schaltmittel (10) zu steuern, um die mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) im Reihenschaltungsmodus zu positionieren, um einen zweiten Haltemagnetfluss zu erzeugen,
    - wobei die Mittel zum Regeln (22) einen Regler (223) aufweisen, der mit dem Komparator (222) verbundenen ist, wobei der Regler mit einem Verstärker (224) verbunden ist, der einen Schalter (226) steuert,
    - wobei die Mittel zum Regeln (22) ein Steuermittel (TC) aufweisen, um die Versorgungsspannung der mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) nach einer Pulsbreitenmodulation des Typs PWM zu modulieren,
    - eine erste und eine zweite Spulenwicklung (L1, L2),
    - wobei die Schaltmittel (10) Folgendes aufweisen:
    - ein erstes Öffnungsmittel (T1), das zwischen einer ersten Klemme (L1a) der ersten Spulenwicklung (L1) und einer ersten Spannungsversorgungsklemme (A) in Reihe geschaltet ist, wobei eine zweite Klemme (L1b) der ersten Spulenwicklung (L1) über den Steuertransistor (TC) an eine zweite Spannungsversorgungsklemme (B) angeschlossen ist,
    - ein zweites Öffnungsmittel (T2), das zwischen der zweiten Klemme (L1b) der ersten Spulenwicklung (L1) und einer zweiten Klemme (L2b) der zweiten Spulenwicklung (L2) in Reihe geschaltet ist, wobei die zweiten Spulenwicklung (L2) eine erste Klemme (L2a), die mit der ersten Spannungsversorgungsklemme (A) verbunden ist, und die zweite Klemme (L2b) aufweist, die mit der zweiten Spannungsversorgungsklemme (B) über das zweite Öffnungsmittel (T2) und den Steuertransistor (TC) in Reihe geschaltet ist,
    - ein drittes Öffnungsmittel (T3), das direkt zwischen der zweiten Klemme (L2b) der zweiten Spulenwicklung (L2) und der ersten Klemme (L1a) der ersten Spulenwicklung (L1) in Reihe geschaltet ist,
    - mindestens eine Freilaufdiode (D2), die zwischen der zweiten Klemme (L1b) der ersten Spulenwicklung (L1) und der ersten Klemme (L2a) der zweiten Spulenwicklung (L2) parallel und invers geschaltet ist,
    - wobei die drei Öffnungsmittel (T1, T2, T3) angeordnet sind, um Befehle von den Verbindungs- oder Haltemitteln (23B, 24, 21, 22) derart zu empfangen, um jeweils in einen Öffnungs- oder Schließzustand positioniert zu werden;
    - wobei die Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) im Reihenschaltungsmodus sind, wenn das erste und zweite Öffnungsmittel (T1, T2) offen sind und das dritte Öffnungsmittel (T3) geschlossen ist,
    - wobei die Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) im Parallelmodus sind, wenn das erste und zweite Öffnungsmittel (T1, T2) geschlossen sind und das dritte Öffnungsmittel (T3) offen ist.
  2. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (20) Nebenmittel (23A, 24, 30) aufweisen, die derart angeordnet sind, um:
    - eine Gegenspannung zu steuern, die den Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) bereitgestellt wird,
    - die Schaltmittel (10) zu steuern, um die zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) im Parallelmodus zu positionieren, um einen dritten magnetischen Nebenfluss zu erzeugen.
  3. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nebenmittel (23A, 24, 30) Folgendes aufweisen:
    - ein viertes Öffnungsmittel (T4), das mit der Freilaufdiode (D2) in Reihe geschaltet ist,
    - eine Zenerdiode (Dz), die zu den Klemmen der Freilaufdiode (D2) parallel und invers geschaltet ist,
    wobei das vierte Öffnungsmittel (T4) angeordnet ist, um von der Untersteuereinheit (24) derart gesteuert zu werden, um in einen Öffnungszustand positioniert zu werden und die Freilaufdiode (D2) abzuschalten, wobei eine Gegenspannung an die Klemmen der Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) angelegt wird.
  4. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (20) Spannungsmessungsmittel (25) aufweisen, die geeignet sind, um:
    - die Spannung (UAB) zwischen der ersten und zweiten Spannungsversorgungsklemme (A, B) vor dem Schließvorgang zu erfassen und
    - die Spannung zu steuern, die den Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) in Abhängigkeit von der erfassten Versorgungsspannung (UAB) während des Schließvorgangs bereitgestellt wird.
  5. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine erste und eine zweite Spulenwicklung (L1, L2) aufweist, die den gleichen ohmschen Widerstand aufweisen.
  6. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) identisch sind und die gleiche Induktivität und die gleiche Anzahl an Windungen aufweisen.
  7. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) auf 2 getrennten Spulen angeordnet sind.
  8. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) zylindrisch sind und entlang der gleichen Längsachse (Y) ausgerichtet sind.
  9. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Prüfmittel aufweist, die die Änderung der Konfiguration der mindestens zwei Wicklungen (L1, L2) während der Haltephase zyklisch steuern, wobei diese Prüfmittel den Schaltmitteln (10) Befehle senden, um die mindestens zwei Spulenwicklungen (L1, L2) gleichzeitig parallel zu positionieren.
EP08354047.6A 2007-07-23 2008-06-30 Elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit mindestens zwei Wicklungen Active EP2019396B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR0705343A FR2919421B1 (fr) 2007-07-23 2007-07-23 Actionneur electromagnetique a au moins deux bobinages

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EP2019396A1 EP2019396A1 (de) 2009-01-28
EP2019396B1 true EP2019396B1 (de) 2018-02-21

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CN101354944A (zh) 2009-01-28
FR2919421A1 (fr) 2009-01-30
EP2019396A1 (de) 2009-01-28
US20090027823A1 (en) 2009-01-29
FR2919421B1 (fr) 2018-02-16

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