EP1897102B1 - Stufenschalter - Google Patents

Stufenschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1897102B1
EP1897102B1 EP06763911.2A EP06763911A EP1897102B1 EP 1897102 B1 EP1897102 B1 EP 1897102B1 EP 06763911 A EP06763911 A EP 06763911A EP 1897102 B1 EP1897102 B1 EP 1897102B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
electric switch
gas
compensating
bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06763911.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1897102A1 (de
Inventor
Jörg FINDEISEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1897102A1 publication Critical patent/EP1897102A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1897102B1 publication Critical patent/EP1897102B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0044—Casings; Mountings; Disposition in transformer housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filled with an insulating liquid tap changer and means for receiving the thermally induced volume fluctuations of this insulating liquid.
  • Such an electrical switch is from the DE 2158869 A1 already known.
  • a transformer with a tap changer which is attached to a tank of the transformer.
  • a GmbHerdehngefäß to compensate for temperature-induced volume fluctuations of the insulating oil of the tap changer is connected to the housing of the tap changer, wherein a Transformatordehngefäß communicates via a supply line to the oil space of the transformer.
  • the Transformatordehngefäß serves to compensate for temperature-induced fluctuations in the insulating oil in the transformer tank.
  • Both expansion vessels are connected to the outside atmosphere via a dehumidifier.
  • an overflow pipe is provided between the Heidelbergerdehngefäß and the Transformatordehngefäß. Only when the level of the insulating oil in the Heidelbergerdehngefäß exceeds a predetermined level, the insulating oil flows from the Heidelbergerdehngefäß in the Transformatordehngefäß over.
  • the DE 714480 C discloses a power transformer having a lower and upper voltage winding concentrically disposed about a leg of an iron core. While iron core and low-voltage winding are arranged air-insulated, the radially outer high-voltage winding is encapsulated by an insulating housing.
  • the insulating housing is filled with an insulating liquid, wherein cooling channels are formed within the high-voltage winding. Above the Insulating housing expansion body are arranged with resilient walls, the interior of which is connected to the interior of the insulating housing.
  • the expansion tanks absorb the temperature-related volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid.
  • the DE 2814491 A1 relates to a transducer having a liquid-tight housing, which is filled with an insulating liquid.
  • insulating pressure cans are arranged, which are filled with gas and have elastic walls.
  • the JP H11 97252 describes a transformer arrangement with a main and an auxiliary tank, which are connected to each other via a connecting line.
  • Main and auxiliary tank are filled with an insulating liquid, wherein in the auxiliary tank, a gas volume of flexible bodies is limited.
  • the invention enables a hermetic closure of the switch vessel and thus a significant reduction in the aging of the switch oil.
  • the use of the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to dispense with dehumidifier, external expansion vessel and associated piping. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem of gas accumulation in the pipeline to the expansion vessel of hermetically sealed switches.
  • Tap changers of the type mentioned above are mainly used in power transformers for regulating the voltage under load. In operation, it comes through heating of the switching resistors, heat dissipation through the surrounding of the switch and its vessel insulating and cooling medium of the transformer and further influences to significant temperature fluctuations. These cause significant changes in the volume of the insulating liquid of the tap changer. Furthermore, switching arcs and / or heating of the switching resistors cause the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid and resulting gas evolution. These gases rise due to their lower density and must be removed by appropriate measures.
  • the state of the art is the use of expansion vessels mounted above the transformer, which are connected to the switch via an inclined pipeline. Through this pipeline, both the flow of the insulating liquid at thermally induced volume changes, as well as the removal of the gases.
  • the invention described below enables a compensation of the change in the volume of the insulating liquid during operation of the switch, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the present invention uses a gas cushion to absorb the thermally induced volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid of the switch.
  • This gas cushion is inventively integrated into the switch vessel.
  • the switch vessel is hermetically sealed to both the atmosphere and the insulating medium of the transformer. Furthermore, the gas cushion is separated by a flexible wall of the insulating liquid.
  • the gas cushion is located in displacement bodies, which absorb the volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid by changing their shape and size.
  • the separation of the insulating liquid from the gas cushion caused by the flexible wall of the displacer causes the effect according to the invention of non-mixing gas contained in the gas cushion with the gases resulting from the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid.
  • the gas cushion for volume compensation according to the invention are arranged such that they do not hinder the rise and the discharge of the resulting by switching arcs and / or heating of the switching resistances gases.
  • the compensation body becomes part of the switch. Additional external assemblies are eliminated and simplify the entire transformer. Problems with gas accumulation in piping and obstruction of oil flow with temperature changes the insulating liquid are excluded by omission of the problematic with these modules assemblies.
  • this design avoids malfunctions caused by gas cushions in the connection to the expansion vessel in hermetic transformers.
  • this design allows the provision of a special gas collection chamber, by which a too frequent response of the pressure relief valve and the associated often associated additional oil loss is avoided.
  • the switch is provided in the upper area with an additional volume for receiving a certain amount of additional insulating liquid to replace the oil loss resulting from decomposition by switching operations and / or heating of the switching resistors.
  • the gas produced by the oil decomposition rises and collects in this additional space.
  • the significantly larger gas volume leads to an overpressure in the switch vessel. If the pressure in the switch exceeds a predetermined limit value, the pressure relief valve which is closed during normal operation opens and produces a pressure relief with the atmosphere surrounding the switch.
  • volume compensation device can be a complete completion of the insulating liquid of the switch from the atmosphere / ambient air reach.
  • the absorption of moisture and oxygen by the insulating liquid is prevented.
  • An influence of the electr. Damping strength of the insulating liquid by moisture is avoided and the aging of the insulating significantly reduced.
  • the outer expansion tank, the dehumidifier and the associated piping can be omitted.
  • the regular Checking the condition of the desiccant in the dehumidifier can be saved and there are cost savings due to the elimination of the costly regular replacement of desiccant. Pollution and disposal problems caused by spent desiccants are avoided.
  • the switch according to the invention is equipped with a gas discharge valve (D3).
  • a gas discharge valve D3
  • This may conveniently be carried out or controlled so that it responds to a small gas pressure, but not in case of insulating liquid.
  • a constant pumping of the gases is possible.
  • a pressure valve and / or a conventional large-scale pressure relief valve D2.
  • the combination of a level-independent pressure relief device and a level-dependent pressure relief device that responds even at low overpressure, enables safe burst protection for the switch vessel with continuous removal of forming gases.
  • the speed of the necessary volume compensation when heated depends on the thermal time constants of the transformer and the switch as well as the operating conditions, but is always quite slow.
  • the attachment of pressure dampers (DD) in the channel to the compensating device is advantageous.
  • These pressure dampers (DD) can be formed from a cross-sectional constriction on the way the insulating liquid to the balancing body.
  • the gas discharge is slightly obstructive and retarding guidance of the gases to a pressure relief valve (D2) or another pressure reducing device.
  • D2 pressure relief valve
  • the compensating body is provided with a spring element (F1) in order to achieve a predetermined pressure play.
  • F1 spring element
  • These spring elements can also be formed by the body of the compensator itself.
  • the compensating device is equipped with a volume limitation in one or both directions.
  • a volume limitation in one or both directions.
  • This limitation is also possible by a stroke limitation of the compensation elements and a multi-part exciter device with chambers of different spring constant.
  • the gas cushions are designed such that an integration into functional parts of the switch is made possible and thus only a small space requirement is necessary.
  • An embodiment of this solution is the use of metallic strainers as Abtubelektrode.
  • the execution of the compensating body according to the invention is possible as a metallic compensator, bladder accumulator, rolling diaphragm, foil bag, plastic membrane or rubber compensator.
  • the required compensation bodies (K) do not come into contact with the atmosphere (1), so that the corrosion of metal compensators under moisture as well as the aging of plastic membranes under the action of moisture, oxygen and ozone are avoided.
  • the requirements for the balancing body used are significantly reduced.
  • these displacement elements are represented by simple gas-filled balloons whose wall is formed by a metal foil.
  • Particularly cost is the use of oil-resistant rubber or plastic or films of the materials mentioned.
  • the displacement body may consist of metallized plastic film or thin metal foil.
  • multilayer films may be used (e.g., using: ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymers / fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers / nitrile-butadiene rubber).
  • the materials used can also be provided with a textile or fiberglass insert.
  • compensators which have a vacuum or vacuum and are stretched or stretched over spring elements.
  • the change of shape and volume is determined in this case by the interaction of spring force and compensator internal pressure with the switch pressure.
  • the displacement body are dimensioned so that they are vacuum-resistant to allow the usual filling process for large transformers.
  • This strength can be done in films by combining suitable dimensions and wall thickness, but also by a support structure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a switch (S1) with a switch head (SK), which is arranged on the cover (TD) of a transformer.
  • the space inside the switch (S1) is with insulating liquid filled. Since the housing of the switch (SW) hermetically seals, it comes when heating the insulating liquid of the switch to an increase in the internal pressure in the switch. This pressure increase causes a compression of the gas in the balancing devices ( K3, K6). Gases forming by thermal decomposition of oil rise upwards and are guided to a monitoring device (B3). If the amount of gas is too large, gas is released through a valve (D3).
  • the compensation s body is part of the switch. Additional external assemblies are eliminated and simplify the entire transformer.
  • any existing components in the switch anyway included in the design of the compensation body.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the compensation body are formed by bellows.
  • these compensating bodies (K3, K6) are accommodated both in the lower part of the switch and in the central tube of the switch (Z1) formed from an insulating cylinder.
  • parts of the electrical shields (A2) are also designed as metallic expansion bodies.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the volume compensation by a plurality of compensation bodies (K5) is formed.
  • These balancing bodies do not hinder the rise of the gases resulting from the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid.
  • these gases collect in the interstices of the compensating body (K5) accommodated in the head region and displace insulating liquid there.
  • a predetermined amount of gas (Oil level) causes the measuring and control unit (M64) to open the
  • the compensating body shown in the embodiment can be accommodated in various areas of the switch. This design also allows the use of a variety of so-called dead spaces for volume compensation.
  • these compensating bodies are accommodated both in the head region of the switch and in the central tube of the switch (Z1) formed from an insulating cylinder. If individual cells leak, only these individual cells fill up with oil, the entire system is not endangered. Escaping gas reaches the Buchholzschutz and leads in case of damage of a corresponding amount of displacement elements to trigger the same.
  • compensating bodies (K5) are accommodated in the lower area of the switch, then a locking mechanism (GS) prevents these compensating bodies from rising.
  • This lock is advantageously designed so that it keeps away from electrically stressed parts in case of defects of individual compensation bodies released gases.
  • these gases in the central cylinder (Z1) or the switch shaft safely directed into the head of the switch.
  • FIG. 4 shows a switch which is provided in the upper region of the housing (SW) with an additional volume (VZ) for receiving a suitable amount of additional insulating liquid to replace the oil loss resulting from oil degradation, for example by heating the switching resistors.
  • VZ additional volume
  • the gas outlet (M67) which is closed during normal operation opens and establishes a pressure relief with the atmosphere (1) surrounding the switch.
  • a controller M51, M64 controls that the gas release (M67) responds only when a predetermined amount of gas is present in the head of the switch.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a switch according to the invention, in which the expansion of the compensator (K6) via a central pipe (Z1) accommodated connection to an evaluation unit (M6) is transmitted and used to display level and / or pressure. Also shown is the transfer of Kompensatorterrorism a transmitter (M3) (eg. A permanent magnet) to a detection unit (M2).
  • M3 eg. A permanent magnet

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
EP06763911.2A 2005-06-30 2006-06-28 Stufenschalter Not-in-force EP1897102B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005031359A DE102005031359B3 (de) 2005-06-30 2005-06-30 Stufenschalter
PCT/EP2006/063612 WO2007003537A1 (de) 2005-06-30 2006-06-28 Stufenschalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1897102A1 EP1897102A1 (de) 2008-03-12
EP1897102B1 true EP1897102B1 (de) 2018-04-25

Family

ID=36940663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06763911.2A Not-in-force EP1897102B1 (de) 2005-06-30 2006-06-28 Stufenschalter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7928329B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1897102B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101233588B (zh)
DE (1) DE102005031359B3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2007003537A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602008004101D1 (de) * 2008-04-28 2011-02-03 Abb Technology Ltd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der relativen Feuchtigkeit eines mit isolierender Flüssigkeit gefüllten elektrischen Gerätes
DK2733266T3 (en) * 2012-11-14 2018-04-30 Siemens Ag Transformer platform with cooling system
DE102013100263A1 (de) 2013-01-11 2014-07-31 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter mit einer Verbindung zum Ölvolumen eines Transformators
DE102013100264A1 (de) 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter mit einer Verbindung zum Ölvolumen eines Transformators
DE102013100266A1 (de) 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
EP3109871B1 (en) 2015-06-25 2020-08-19 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Transformer arrangement for controlling pressure in a liquid-filled transformer
GB201619987D0 (en) 2016-11-25 2017-01-11 Iceotope Ltd Fluid cooling system
US10609839B1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-03-31 Liquidcool Solutions, Inc. Liquid submersion cooled electronic systems and devices
US10732164B2 (en) * 2018-12-12 2020-08-04 ZTZ Service International, Inc. System and method for headspace monitoring in transformers

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1197252A (ja) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-09 Toshiba Fa Syst Eng Corp 油入電気機器

Family Cites Families (13)

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DE714480C (de) * 1930-04-07 1941-11-29 Siemens Ag Leistungstransformator
DE710389C (de) * 1935-12-01 1941-09-12 Aeg Verfahren zum Fuellen des Behaelters elektrischer, gasdicht abzuschliessender Geraete ohne Ausdehnungsgefaess
DE2158869A1 (de) * 1971-11-27 1973-06-14 Schorch Gmbh Oeltransformator mit stufenschalter
DE2814491A1 (de) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-11 Siemens Ag Elektrisches geraet mit einem mit isolierfluessigkeit gefuellten gehaeuse
DE3206368C2 (de) * 1982-02-22 1985-03-14 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Ausdehnungsgefäß für die Kühl- und Isolierflüssigkeit eines Großtransformators
DE3504916A1 (de) * 1985-02-13 1986-08-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrüder Scheubeck GmbH & Co KG, 8400 Regensburg Oelgefuellter einbaustufenschalter mit oelausdehnungsgefaess
DE69021966T2 (de) * 1989-07-10 1996-04-18 Hitachi Ltd In Isolierflüssigkeit getauchte elektrische Maschine.
DE19527763C2 (de) * 1995-07-20 1997-08-07 Aeg Schorch Transformatoren Gm Zweikammer-Ausdehnungsgefäß für Transformatoren und Drosselspulen
DE19836463C1 (de) * 1998-08-12 1999-10-21 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Stufenschalter mit einem Vorwähler
DE19859826C1 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-02-03 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Ölfilteranlage und Filtereinsatz für eine solche Ölfilteranlage
DE10010737C2 (de) * 2000-03-04 2002-01-10 Alstom Paris Radiator für einen elektrischen Transformator
DE10119664A1 (de) * 2001-04-20 2002-11-14 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Anordnung zur automatischen Spannungsregelung und Motorantrieb zur automatischen Spannungsregelung
DE10224074B4 (de) * 2002-05-31 2011-02-03 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1197252A (ja) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-09 Toshiba Fa Syst Eng Corp 油入電気機器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005031359B3 (de) 2007-01-25
CN101233588A (zh) 2008-07-30
EP1897102A1 (de) 2008-03-12
WO2007003537A1 (de) 2007-01-11
US7928329B2 (en) 2011-04-19
CN101233588B (zh) 2011-10-05
US20080198569A1 (en) 2008-08-21

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