EP1897102B1 - Commutateur a gradins - Google Patents
Commutateur a gradins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1897102B1 EP1897102B1 EP06763911.2A EP06763911A EP1897102B1 EP 1897102 B1 EP1897102 B1 EP 1897102B1 EP 06763911 A EP06763911 A EP 06763911A EP 1897102 B1 EP1897102 B1 EP 1897102B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- electric switch
- gas
- compensating
- bodies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H9/0044—Casings; Mountings; Disposition in transformer housing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
- H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a filled with an insulating liquid tap changer and means for receiving the thermally induced volume fluctuations of this insulating liquid.
- Such an electrical switch is from the DE 2158869 A1 already known.
- a transformer with a tap changer which is attached to a tank of the transformer.
- a GmbHerdehngefäß to compensate for temperature-induced volume fluctuations of the insulating oil of the tap changer is connected to the housing of the tap changer, wherein a Transformatordehngefäß communicates via a supply line to the oil space of the transformer.
- the Transformatordehngefäß serves to compensate for temperature-induced fluctuations in the insulating oil in the transformer tank.
- Both expansion vessels are connected to the outside atmosphere via a dehumidifier.
- an overflow pipe is provided between the Heidelbergerdehngefäß and the Transformatordehngefäß. Only when the level of the insulating oil in the Heidelbergerdehngefäß exceeds a predetermined level, the insulating oil flows from the Heidelbergerdehngefäß in the Transformatordehngefäß over.
- the DE 714480 C discloses a power transformer having a lower and upper voltage winding concentrically disposed about a leg of an iron core. While iron core and low-voltage winding are arranged air-insulated, the radially outer high-voltage winding is encapsulated by an insulating housing.
- the insulating housing is filled with an insulating liquid, wherein cooling channels are formed within the high-voltage winding. Above the Insulating housing expansion body are arranged with resilient walls, the interior of which is connected to the interior of the insulating housing.
- the expansion tanks absorb the temperature-related volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid.
- the DE 2814491 A1 relates to a transducer having a liquid-tight housing, which is filled with an insulating liquid.
- insulating pressure cans are arranged, which are filled with gas and have elastic walls.
- the JP H11 97252 describes a transformer arrangement with a main and an auxiliary tank, which are connected to each other via a connecting line.
- Main and auxiliary tank are filled with an insulating liquid, wherein in the auxiliary tank, a gas volume of flexible bodies is limited.
- the invention enables a hermetic closure of the switch vessel and thus a significant reduction in the aging of the switch oil.
- the use of the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to dispense with dehumidifier, external expansion vessel and associated piping. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem of gas accumulation in the pipeline to the expansion vessel of hermetically sealed switches.
- Tap changers of the type mentioned above are mainly used in power transformers for regulating the voltage under load. In operation, it comes through heating of the switching resistors, heat dissipation through the surrounding of the switch and its vessel insulating and cooling medium of the transformer and further influences to significant temperature fluctuations. These cause significant changes in the volume of the insulating liquid of the tap changer. Furthermore, switching arcs and / or heating of the switching resistors cause the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid and resulting gas evolution. These gases rise due to their lower density and must be removed by appropriate measures.
- the state of the art is the use of expansion vessels mounted above the transformer, which are connected to the switch via an inclined pipeline. Through this pipeline, both the flow of the insulating liquid at thermally induced volume changes, as well as the removal of the gases.
- the invention described below enables a compensation of the change in the volume of the insulating liquid during operation of the switch, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages.
- the present invention uses a gas cushion to absorb the thermally induced volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid of the switch.
- This gas cushion is inventively integrated into the switch vessel.
- the switch vessel is hermetically sealed to both the atmosphere and the insulating medium of the transformer. Furthermore, the gas cushion is separated by a flexible wall of the insulating liquid.
- the gas cushion is located in displacement bodies, which absorb the volume fluctuations of the insulating liquid by changing their shape and size.
- the separation of the insulating liquid from the gas cushion caused by the flexible wall of the displacer causes the effect according to the invention of non-mixing gas contained in the gas cushion with the gases resulting from the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid.
- the gas cushion for volume compensation according to the invention are arranged such that they do not hinder the rise and the discharge of the resulting by switching arcs and / or heating of the switching resistances gases.
- the compensation body becomes part of the switch. Additional external assemblies are eliminated and simplify the entire transformer. Problems with gas accumulation in piping and obstruction of oil flow with temperature changes the insulating liquid are excluded by omission of the problematic with these modules assemblies.
- this design avoids malfunctions caused by gas cushions in the connection to the expansion vessel in hermetic transformers.
- this design allows the provision of a special gas collection chamber, by which a too frequent response of the pressure relief valve and the associated often associated additional oil loss is avoided.
- the switch is provided in the upper area with an additional volume for receiving a certain amount of additional insulating liquid to replace the oil loss resulting from decomposition by switching operations and / or heating of the switching resistors.
- the gas produced by the oil decomposition rises and collects in this additional space.
- the significantly larger gas volume leads to an overpressure in the switch vessel. If the pressure in the switch exceeds a predetermined limit value, the pressure relief valve which is closed during normal operation opens and produces a pressure relief with the atmosphere surrounding the switch.
- volume compensation device can be a complete completion of the insulating liquid of the switch from the atmosphere / ambient air reach.
- the absorption of moisture and oxygen by the insulating liquid is prevented.
- An influence of the electr. Damping strength of the insulating liquid by moisture is avoided and the aging of the insulating significantly reduced.
- the outer expansion tank, the dehumidifier and the associated piping can be omitted.
- the regular Checking the condition of the desiccant in the dehumidifier can be saved and there are cost savings due to the elimination of the costly regular replacement of desiccant. Pollution and disposal problems caused by spent desiccants are avoided.
- the switch according to the invention is equipped with a gas discharge valve (D3).
- a gas discharge valve D3
- This may conveniently be carried out or controlled so that it responds to a small gas pressure, but not in case of insulating liquid.
- a constant pumping of the gases is possible.
- a pressure valve and / or a conventional large-scale pressure relief valve D2.
- the combination of a level-independent pressure relief device and a level-dependent pressure relief device that responds even at low overpressure, enables safe burst protection for the switch vessel with continuous removal of forming gases.
- the speed of the necessary volume compensation when heated depends on the thermal time constants of the transformer and the switch as well as the operating conditions, but is always quite slow.
- the attachment of pressure dampers (DD) in the channel to the compensating device is advantageous.
- These pressure dampers (DD) can be formed from a cross-sectional constriction on the way the insulating liquid to the balancing body.
- the gas discharge is slightly obstructive and retarding guidance of the gases to a pressure relief valve (D2) or another pressure reducing device.
- D2 pressure relief valve
- the compensating body is provided with a spring element (F1) in order to achieve a predetermined pressure play.
- F1 spring element
- These spring elements can also be formed by the body of the compensator itself.
- the compensating device is equipped with a volume limitation in one or both directions.
- a volume limitation in one or both directions.
- This limitation is also possible by a stroke limitation of the compensation elements and a multi-part exciter device with chambers of different spring constant.
- the gas cushions are designed such that an integration into functional parts of the switch is made possible and thus only a small space requirement is necessary.
- An embodiment of this solution is the use of metallic strainers as Abtubelektrode.
- the execution of the compensating body according to the invention is possible as a metallic compensator, bladder accumulator, rolling diaphragm, foil bag, plastic membrane or rubber compensator.
- the required compensation bodies (K) do not come into contact with the atmosphere (1), so that the corrosion of metal compensators under moisture as well as the aging of plastic membranes under the action of moisture, oxygen and ozone are avoided.
- the requirements for the balancing body used are significantly reduced.
- these displacement elements are represented by simple gas-filled balloons whose wall is formed by a metal foil.
- Particularly cost is the use of oil-resistant rubber or plastic or films of the materials mentioned.
- the displacement body may consist of metallized plastic film or thin metal foil.
- multilayer films may be used (e.g., using: ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymers / fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers / nitrile-butadiene rubber).
- the materials used can also be provided with a textile or fiberglass insert.
- compensators which have a vacuum or vacuum and are stretched or stretched over spring elements.
- the change of shape and volume is determined in this case by the interaction of spring force and compensator internal pressure with the switch pressure.
- the displacement body are dimensioned so that they are vacuum-resistant to allow the usual filling process for large transformers.
- This strength can be done in films by combining suitable dimensions and wall thickness, but also by a support structure.
- FIG. 1 shows a switch (S1) with a switch head (SK), which is arranged on the cover (TD) of a transformer.
- the space inside the switch (S1) is with insulating liquid filled. Since the housing of the switch (SW) hermetically seals, it comes when heating the insulating liquid of the switch to an increase in the internal pressure in the switch. This pressure increase causes a compression of the gas in the balancing devices ( K3, K6). Gases forming by thermal decomposition of oil rise upwards and are guided to a monitoring device (B3). If the amount of gas is too large, gas is released through a valve (D3).
- the compensation s body is part of the switch. Additional external assemblies are eliminated and simplify the entire transformer.
- any existing components in the switch anyway included in the design of the compensation body.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the compensation body are formed by bellows.
- these compensating bodies (K3, K6) are accommodated both in the lower part of the switch and in the central tube of the switch (Z1) formed from an insulating cylinder.
- parts of the electrical shields (A2) are also designed as metallic expansion bodies.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the volume compensation by a plurality of compensation bodies (K5) is formed.
- These balancing bodies do not hinder the rise of the gases resulting from the thermal decomposition of insulating liquid.
- these gases collect in the interstices of the compensating body (K5) accommodated in the head region and displace insulating liquid there.
- a predetermined amount of gas (Oil level) causes the measuring and control unit (M64) to open the
- the compensating body shown in the embodiment can be accommodated in various areas of the switch. This design also allows the use of a variety of so-called dead spaces for volume compensation.
- these compensating bodies are accommodated both in the head region of the switch and in the central tube of the switch (Z1) formed from an insulating cylinder. If individual cells leak, only these individual cells fill up with oil, the entire system is not endangered. Escaping gas reaches the Buchholzschutz and leads in case of damage of a corresponding amount of displacement elements to trigger the same.
- compensating bodies (K5) are accommodated in the lower area of the switch, then a locking mechanism (GS) prevents these compensating bodies from rising.
- This lock is advantageously designed so that it keeps away from electrically stressed parts in case of defects of individual compensation bodies released gases.
- these gases in the central cylinder (Z1) or the switch shaft safely directed into the head of the switch.
- FIG. 4 shows a switch which is provided in the upper region of the housing (SW) with an additional volume (VZ) for receiving a suitable amount of additional insulating liquid to replace the oil loss resulting from oil degradation, for example by heating the switching resistors.
- VZ additional volume
- the gas outlet (M67) which is closed during normal operation opens and establishes a pressure relief with the atmosphere (1) surrounding the switch.
- a controller M51, M64 controls that the gas release (M67) responds only when a predetermined amount of gas is present in the head of the switch.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a switch according to the invention, in which the expansion of the compensator (K6) via a central pipe (Z1) accommodated connection to an evaluation unit (M6) is transmitted and used to display level and / or pressure. Also shown is the transfer of Kompensatorterrorism a transmitter (M3) (eg. A permanent magnet) to a detection unit (M2).
- M3 eg. A permanent magnet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Transformer Cooling (AREA)
Claims (18)
- Commutateur (S1) électrique ayant un boîtier (SW) empli d'un liquide,
caractérisé en ce que
le boîtier est fermé de manière étanche et il est prévu, pour absorber les fluctuations de volume provoquées thermiquement, un coussin de gaz, qui est intégré dans l'enceinte du commutateur, ce coussin de gaz étant formé de corps (K3, K5, K6), qui, par modification de leur forme, absorbent les fluctuations de volume du liquide isolant et, par une enveloppe du coussin de gaz, un mélange de gaz créé par décomposition thermique du liquide isolant au gaz du coussin de gaz est empêché et dans lequel le commutateur est équipé de cellules (SZ) de commutation à vide. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
le coussin de gaz est formé de plusieurs corps de compensation. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que,
pour des corps de compensation disposés en dessous de parties électriques fonctionnelles, les parties électriques fonctionnelles sont protégées par un recouvrement des corps de compensation et par un agencement d'un conduit d'écoulement de bulles de gaz, avant que des bulles de gaz deviennent libres par perte de gaz, soudaine ou peu à peu, par les corps de compensation. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le ou les corps de compensation sont pourvus d'un élément à ressort pour obtenir un jeu de pression déterminé à l'avance. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que,
si une pression déterminée est dépassée à l'intérieur du boîtier (SW) du commutateur, la surpression dans le commutateur est diminuée par ouverture de moyens (D2, D3, M67) d'obturation. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le commutateur est équipé d'une soupape (D3, M67) d'insufflation de gaz, réalisée ou commandée de manière à ne pas réagir à l'application d'un liquide isolant. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le dispositif de compensation est, au moins en partie, conducteur de l'électricité et est utilisé comme électrode de blindage / blindage (A2) électrique. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que,
par une conformation adéquate d'éléments du commutateur et/ou par l'introduction de corps de déplacement, le volume d'huile du commutateur est diminué. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le dispositif de compensation est formé d'une membrane élastique. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
l'on utilise, comme dispositif de compensation, un ou plusieurs compensateurs ou soufflets métalliques. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le dispositif (K6) de compensation de volume est, par un amortisseur (DD) d'ondes de choc, protégé d'ondes de choc (par exemple par décomposition soudaine d'huile lors d'opérations de commutation). - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que
l'amortisseur (DD) d'ondes de choc est formé par une diminution de section transversale du conduit d'arrivée au dispositif de compensation de la pression. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le commutateur est équipé de dispositifs de détection du niveau du liquide isolant et/ou de détection de la pression. - Commutateur électrique suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que
la déformation provoquée par la variation de volume des éléments de compensation est utilisée pour évaluer et/ou indiquer le volume d'huile du commutateur. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le commutateur (S1) est équipé de dispositifs (D2, D3, M67) d'accumulation et d'évacuation de gaz qui se forment. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que
ces dispositifs sont commandés en fonction du niveau de l'huile dans le commutateur. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
des variations de position, non souhaitées et provoquées par la force ascensionnelle des corps de compensation, sont empêchées au moyen de blocages (GS) appropriés. - Commutateur (S1) électrique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
le commutateur est équipé d'un volume de réception d'une quantité petite de liquide isolant supplémentaire pour remplacer la perte d'huile se créant à la décomposition par des opérations de commutation et/ou par l'échauffement des résistances de passage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005031359A DE102005031359B3 (de) | 2005-06-30 | 2005-06-30 | Stufenschalter |
PCT/EP2006/063612 WO2007003537A1 (fr) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-28 | Commutateur a gradins |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1897102A1 EP1897102A1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
EP1897102B1 true EP1897102B1 (fr) | 2018-04-25 |
Family
ID=36940663
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06763911.2A Not-in-force EP1897102B1 (fr) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-28 | Commutateur a gradins |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7928329B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1897102B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101233588B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102005031359B3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007003537A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE602008004101D1 (de) * | 2008-04-28 | 2011-02-03 | Abb Technology Ltd | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der relativen Feuchtigkeit eines mit isolierender Flüssigkeit gefüllten elektrischen Gerätes |
NO2733266T3 (fr) * | 2012-11-14 | 2018-07-28 | ||
DE102013100266A1 (de) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter |
DE102013100264A1 (de) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter mit einer Verbindung zum Ölvolumen eines Transformators |
DE102013100263A1 (de) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-31 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter mit einer Verbindung zum Ölvolumen eines Transformators |
EP3109871B1 (fr) | 2015-06-25 | 2020-08-19 | ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG | Agencement de transformateur pour contrôler la pression dans un transformateur rempli de liquide |
GB201619987D0 (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2017-01-11 | Iceotope Ltd | Fluid cooling system |
US10609839B1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-03-31 | Liquidcool Solutions, Inc. | Liquid submersion cooled electronic systems and devices |
US10732164B2 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-08-04 | ZTZ Service International, Inc. | System and method for headspace monitoring in transformers |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1197252A (ja) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-04-09 | Toshiba Fa Syst Eng Corp | 油入電気機器 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE714480C (de) * | 1930-04-07 | 1941-11-29 | Siemens Ag | Leistungstransformator |
DE710389C (de) * | 1935-12-01 | 1941-09-12 | Aeg | Verfahren zum Fuellen des Behaelters elektrischer, gasdicht abzuschliessender Geraete ohne Ausdehnungsgefaess |
DE2158869A1 (de) * | 1971-11-27 | 1973-06-14 | Schorch Gmbh | Oeltransformator mit stufenschalter |
DE2814491A1 (de) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-11 | Siemens Ag | Elektrisches geraet mit einem mit isolierfluessigkeit gefuellten gehaeuse |
DE3206368C2 (de) * | 1982-02-22 | 1985-03-14 | Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Ausdehnungsgefäß für die Kühl- und Isolierflüssigkeit eines Großtransformators |
DE3504916C2 (de) * | 1985-02-13 | 1987-03-19 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrüder Scheubeck GmbH & Co KG, 8400 Regensburg | Ölgefüllter Einbaustufenschalter mit Ölausdehnungsgefäß |
DE69021966T2 (de) * | 1989-07-10 | 1996-04-18 | Hitachi Ltd | In Isolierflüssigkeit getauchte elektrische Maschine. |
DE19527763C2 (de) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-08-07 | Aeg Schorch Transformatoren Gm | Zweikammer-Ausdehnungsgefäß für Transformatoren und Drosselspulen |
DE19836463C1 (de) * | 1998-08-12 | 1999-10-21 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Stufenschalter mit einem Vorwähler |
DE19859826C1 (de) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-02-03 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Ölfilteranlage und Filtereinsatz für eine solche Ölfilteranlage |
DE10010737C2 (de) * | 2000-03-04 | 2002-01-10 | Alstom Paris | Radiator für einen elektrischen Transformator |
DE10119664A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-11-14 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Anordnung zur automatischen Spannungsregelung und Motorantrieb zur automatischen Spannungsregelung |
DE10224074B4 (de) * | 2002-05-31 | 2011-02-03 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Stufenschalter |
-
2005
- 2005-06-30 DE DE102005031359A patent/DE102005031359B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-06-28 US US11/994,351 patent/US7928329B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-28 WO PCT/EP2006/063612 patent/WO2007003537A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-06-28 EP EP06763911.2A patent/EP1897102B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-06-28 CN CN2006800238969A patent/CN101233588B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1197252A (ja) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-04-09 | Toshiba Fa Syst Eng Corp | 油入電気機器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7928329B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 |
US20080198569A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
DE102005031359B3 (de) | 2007-01-25 |
CN101233588B (zh) | 2011-10-05 |
EP1897102A1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
WO2007003537A1 (fr) | 2007-01-11 |
CN101233588A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
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