EP1911050B1 - Transformatuer comprennant un commutateur électrique - Google Patents

Transformatuer comprennant un commutateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1911050B1
EP1911050B1 EP06763988.0A EP06763988A EP1911050B1 EP 1911050 B1 EP1911050 B1 EP 1911050B1 EP 06763988 A EP06763988 A EP 06763988A EP 1911050 B1 EP1911050 B1 EP 1911050B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
compensation element
housing
electrical switch
insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06763988.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1911050A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg FINDEISEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1911050A1 publication Critical patent/EP1911050A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1911050B1 publication Critical patent/EP1911050B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0044—Casings; Mountings; Disposition in transformer housing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer (ie an electrical system) with an electrical switch (ie with an electrical component) and a liquid-filled housing of the electrical system, wherein the electrical component disposed in the housing and the electrical component with an insulating and cooling medium is filled.
  • DE1279833B reveal transformers with tap changers arranged in the transformer tank.
  • the tap changers each have their own, arranged outside the transformer tank compensating vessel.
  • WO02 / 41336A discloses a transformer in a first oil-filled housing 20 and a busbar and switch assembly in an adjacent, also oil-filled second housing 30.
  • the surge tank 22 of the first housing protrudes into the second housing and the second housing has a balancing vessel 34 disposed outside the housing.
  • expansion vessels are for example in DE19527763C2 described. Disadvantage of these expansion vessels is the contact of the oil surface with the outside air, which requires the use of so-called dehumidifiers. In these dehumidifiers, the air is passed over a desiccant and thereby dehumidified. The adsorption capacity of the drying agent (hygroscopicity) is used up here and the desiccant has to be renewed regularly. The periodically necessary visual checks and the regular replacement of the desiccant, especially in areas with high humidity, represents a significant cost factor (recommended maintenance intervals: every 3 months).
  • dehumidifiers do not offer a reliable seal against the absorption of moisture and oxygen through the insulating liquid, in particular at rapid cooling of the transformer.
  • expansion tanks for transformers which use a membrane in the main chamber for separating the insulating liquid from the ambient air.
  • Such is in DE3206368 described.
  • these expansion vessels provide a secure conclusion of the insulating liquid from the ambient air, but still need a dehumidifier, which is associated with the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the contact with the ambient air leads to aging of the membrane and thus causes technical uncertainties.
  • Object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above and easy to prevent quickly and safely overpressure in the switch of a transformer.
  • At least one compensation element arranged in the housing is connected to the electrical switch and compensates for volume changes of the insulating and cooling medium within the electrical switch.
  • the arrangement of the compensation element in the liquid-filled housing of the transformer, the pressure in the electrical switch is transferred to the much larger volume of the transformer. Occurring pressure fluctuations within the housing can be compensated with balancing devices.
  • the invention enables a hermetic conclusion of the electrical component and thus a significant reduction in the aging of the insulating and cooling medium used in the electrical component.
  • the use of the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to dispense with dehumidifiers and associated pipelines. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem of gas accumulation in the pipeline to the expansion vessel of hermetically sealed electrical systems.
  • the volume of the insulating and cooling medium, eg oil, of the electrical component is in relation to the volume of liquid the electrical system very small. This circumstance makes use of the invention by the volume compensation is not made via external expansion vessels, but the volume change of the insulating and cooling medium is transmitted via suitable compensation elements directly to the liquid volume of the electrical system. The compensation then take over the compensation provided for the volume compensation of the electrical system.
  • the volume compensation is not made via external expansion vessels, but the volume change of the insulating and cooling medium is transmitted via suitable compensation elements directly to the liquid volume of the electrical system. The compensation then take over the compensation provided for the volume compensation of the electrical system.
  • the housing is hermetically sealed and at least one compensating device connected to the housing serves to receive an overpressure in the housing. Furthermore, the compensation element is integrated in the electrical component.
  • the compensation element is connected via a pipe to the electrical component.
  • the opening of the pipeline is positioned in the lower region of the electrical component in order to prevent any gases from entering the pipeline.
  • An outlet and / or a shut-off and / or a drain valve is integrated into the electrical component, which open or close when exceeding or falling below specified pressures.
  • the compensation element consists at least partially of electrically conductive material and thus serves as a shield. Furthermore, the compensation element is designed as an elastic membrane. In addition, the compensation element consists of metallic compensators and / or bellows.
  • the compensation element is provided with a spring element to produce a predetermined pressure difference between the housing and the electrical component.
  • the compensation element is protected from pressure waves by at least one pressure wave damper.
  • the pressure wave damper is arranged in the supply line to the compensation element by means of a cross-sectional reduction.
  • the housing wall of the electrical component preferably serves partially or completely as a compensation element.
  • the electrical component is an electrical switch and the electrical system is a transformer.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is designed so that the electrical component is equipped with at least one device for collecting and discharging gases which form.
  • the electrical system is equipped with devices for detecting the level of the liquid and / or the insulating and cooling medium and / or for detecting pressures.
  • the electrical component with an additional body for receiving a small amount of additional Insulating and cooling medium equipped to replace the loss of insulating and cooling medium resulting from decomposition by switching operations and / or heating of the contact resistors.
  • the deformations caused by the change in volume on the compensation element serve to evaluate and / or display the existing insulating and cooling medium.
  • Kompensationslements is possible both as a metallic compensator, bladder accumulator, foil bag, plastic membrane or rubber compensator.
  • the problem of gas accumulation in the pipeline to the expansion vessel is achieved in that the pipeline for the removal of the gases is separated from the connecting line between the electrical component and the compensation element.
  • this design allows the provision of a special gas collection chamber, by which a too frequent response of the pressure relief valve and the associated often associated additional oil loss is avoided.
  • the electrical component is provided in the upper region with an additional volume for receiving a certain amount of additional insulating and cooling medium in order to replace the loss of the insulating and cooling medium resulting from decomposition by switching operations and / or heating of the switching resistors.
  • the gases produced by the decomposition of the insulating and cooling medium rise upwards and accumulate in this additional space.
  • the significantly larger gas volume leads to an overpressure in the electrical component. If the pressure in the electrical component exceeds a predetermined limit value, the pressure relief valve which is closed during normal operation opens and produces a pressure relief with the atmosphere surrounding the electrical component.
  • the inventive design of the compensation elements can be a complete completion of the insulating and cooling medium of the electrical component of the atmosphere / ambient air without limiting the oil expansion reach.
  • the insulating and cooling medium in the electrical component can be liquid or gaseous.
  • the absorption of moisture and oxygen by the insulating and cooling medium is prevented.
  • An influence on the electrical breakdown strength of the insulating and cooling medium by moisture is avoided and aging significantly reduced.
  • the outer expansion tank, the dehumidifier and the associated piping can be omitted.
  • the regular check of the condition of the desiccant in the dehumidifier can be saved and there are cost savings due to the elimination of the costly regular replacement of the desiccant. Pollution and disposal problems caused by spent desiccants are avoided.
  • the compensation elements do not come into contact with the external atmosphere, so that the corrosion of metal compensators under moisture as well as the aging of plastic membranes of the compensation elements under the influence of moisture, oxygen and ozone is avoided. This will be significantly reduces the requirements for the compensation elements used.
  • the electrical component according to the invention is equipped with a gas discharge valve.
  • a gas discharge valve This may conveniently be carried out or controlled so that it responds to a small gas pressure, but not in concern of the insulating and cooling medium.
  • a constant pumping of the gases is possible.
  • a pressure valve and / or a conventional large-scale pressure relief valve To protect against overpressure is a pressure valve and / or a conventional large-scale pressure relief valve.
  • the compensation element is provided with a spring element in order to achieve a predetermined pressure difference between the two insulating fluids.
  • the speed of the necessary volume compensation when heated depends on the time constants of the electrical system and the electrical component as well as the operating conditions, but is always quite slow.
  • the attachment of pressure dampers in the pipeline to the compensation element is advantageous.
  • a gas discharge is slightly obstructing and delaying guidance of the gases to provide a pressure relief valve or other pressure reducing device.
  • the compensation element is equipped with a volume limitation in one or both directions.
  • a volume limitation in one or both directions.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical component 1, which is arranged in the housing 2 of the electrical system 3.
  • the housing 2 is an active part of the electrical system 3 as a transformer with at least one winding.
  • the space inside the housing 2 is filled with a liquid 5.
  • a compensation element 6 which is connected via a pipe 8 to the interior of the electrical component 1.
  • Expansion tanks are in particular oil conservator, Dehnradiatoren, compensators or body with gas cushion.
  • the channel for the removal of the gases from the connecting line between the electrical component and the compensation element 6 is disconnected.
  • the connection to the electrical component 1 takes place via a pipeline 8 which leads at least so deeply into the electrical component 1 that the entry of gases into this pipeline 8 is precluded.
  • Forming gases rise upwards and are led via a further pipeline to a monitoring device. If the amount of gas is too large, gas is released via a valve 19.
  • 6 unused spaces within the housing 2, for example, below the electrical component 1 used to accommodate the compensation element.
  • FIG. 2 the direct arrangement of the compensation element 6 is shown on the upper cover of the housing 2.
  • This embodiment requires only short pipes 8 for connection to the compensation element 6.
  • the optimal use of the most square shape of the housing 2 and round windings of the electrical system 3 and the shape of the electrical component 1 resulting spaces for the arrangement the compensation element 6 within the housing 2 possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the electrical system 3 with an attachment of the compensation element 6 under the cover of the housing 2 of the electrical system 3.
  • the space within the housing 2 by taking advantage of itself through round windings of the transformer as electrical system 3 and the electrical component 1 devoted space optimally used.
  • the figure FIG. 4 shows a similar arrangement as FIG. 3 in which a slide 13 in the line between the electrical component 1 and the compensation element 6 is replaced by a three-way valve 14, to which an additional pipe 15 is provided for establishing a direct connection in the housing 2.
  • a direct pressure equalization for example when filling or evacuating the housing 2, are produced. This would give the same possibilities as when using a traditional two-chamber expansion vessel.
  • FIG. 5 illustrated embodiment of the invention shows the compensation element 6 with a flange 16 which is larger than the compensation element 6 and mounted directly under the lid of the housing 2. This arrangement allows, if necessary, an uncomplicated control and the replacement of the compensation element 6. Between the compensation element 6 and the electrical component 1, an intermediate wall 25 is arranged.
  • the invention includes an electrical component 1, in which a compensation element 6 is attached directly to the electrical component 1.
  • the volume compensation takes place by transferring the change in volume of the insulating and cooling medium 4 of the electrical component 1 via compensation elements 6 on the housing 2.
  • the compensation element 6 becomes part of the electrical component 1. Additional external Modules omitted and lead to a simplification of the entire electrical system. 3
  • FIG. 6a shows an inventive designed electrical component 1 with a compensation element 6, which is mounted directly on the switch as an electrical component 1.
  • This compensation element 6 leads to a direct compensation of the internal pressure in the electrical component 1 with the pressure within the housing 2 of the electrical system 3. Forming gases rise upwards and are guided via the pipe 17 to a monitoring device 18.
  • FIGS. 6c and 6d show arrangements and embodiments of the compensation elements 6, which allow the use thereof as Abtubelektroden.
  • metallic compensators are suitable due to their relatively large radii and the necessary diameter for the compensation.
  • FIG 7a an embodiment is shown which uses a negative compensation element 6.
  • the compensation element 6 is not stretched when heated, but the increase in the volume of the insulating and cooling medium 4 of the electrical component 1 is achieved by compressing the compensation element 6 and pushing liquid 5 into the housing 2.
  • the compensation element 6 can be easily mechanically protected by the housing wall 9 of the electrical component 1 or cylindrical support body.
  • FIG. 7c shows the equipment of the compensation element 6 with a spring element 20 in order to achieve a predetermined pressure difference between the two insulating fluids. This makes it possible, for example, to ensure protection against the penetration of the soiled by switching insulating and cooling medium 4 of the electrical component 1 in the event of leakage.
  • FIG. 7b and 7d show an electrical component 1, in which the compensation element 6 includes a negative compensator and the targeted adjustment of a pressure difference between the insulating and cooling medium 4 of the electrical component 1 and the liquid 5 of the housing 2 of the electrical system 3 via a force acting on the compensation element 6 additional adjustment force can be generated.
  • this force is generated by the weight of a weighting body 21 and / or by a spring element.
  • This weighting body 21 can advantageously be formed as an electrode.
  • FIG. 8th shows an electrical component 1, which is provided in the upper region of the electrical component 1 with an additional volume body 22 for receiving a suitable amount of additional insulating and cooling medium 4 to the resulting in decomposition, for example by heating the switching resistors, loss of insulating and Coolant 4 to replace.
  • the resulting gas during decomposition rises and collects in this additional space of the volume body 22. Due to the significantly larger gas volume, there is an overpressure in the electrical component 1. If the pressure in the electrical component 1 exceeds a predetermined limit value, the opening during the normal operation closed gas outlet 11c and creates a pressure relief with the surrounding atmosphere. advantageously, controls a controller 23 that a response of the gas outlet 11c only occurs when gas is present in the head region of the electrical component 1.
  • the protection against pressure waves takes over the pressure relief valve 24.
  • the subsequent flow of the insulating and cooling medium 4 from the upper part of the electrical component 1 and the discharge of the resulting gas allow a substantial freedom from maintenance of the electrical component 1 with a small size, complete completion of the insulating and cooling medium 4 from the atmosphere and without the need of an external oil conservator.
  • vacuum switching cells 26 are arranged in the electrical component 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Transformateur (3), comprenant une enveloppe (2) emplie d'un liquide (5), un commutateur (1) électrique étant disposé dans l'enveloppe (2) et le commutateur (1) électrique étant empli d'un fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant, le commutateur (1) électrique étant enfermé d'une manière étanche par une paroi (9) de boîtier,
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins un élément (6) de compensation monté dans l'enveloppe (2) est relié au commutateur (1) électrique et compense des variations de volume du fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant.
  2. Transformateur (3) suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'enveloppe (2) est fermée d'une manière étanche hermétiquement et au moins un dispositif (7a) de compensation relié à l'enveloppe (2) sert à absorber une surpression dans l'enveloppe (2).
  3. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est intégré dans le commutateur (1) électrique.
  4. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est relié au commutateur (1) électrique par une canalisation (8).
  5. Transformateur (3) suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une ouverture de la canalisation (8) est placée dans la partie inférieure du commutateur (1) électrique pour empêcher des gaz, éventuellement présents, d'entrer dans la canalisation (8).
  6. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une vanne (19) de passage et/ou une vanne (19) d'arrêt et/ou une vanne (19) d'évacuation est intégrée dans le commutateur (1) électrique et s'ouvre ou se ferme, lorsqu'on passe au-dessus ou en dessous de pressions fixées.
  7. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est, au moins en partie, en un matériau conducteur de l'électricité et sert de blindage.
  8. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est constitué sous la forme d'une membrane élastique.
  9. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est constitué de compensateurs métalliques et/ou de soufflets.
  10. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est pourvu d'un élément de ressort pour produire une différence de pression déterminée à l'avance entre l'enveloppe (2) et le commutateur (1) électrique.
  11. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (6) de compensation est protégé d'ondes de choc par au moins un amortisseur (10) d'ondes de choc.
  12. Transformateur (3) suivant la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'amortisseur (10) d'ondes de choc est monté à l'aide d'une diminution de section transversale dans le conduit menant à l'élément (6) de compensation.
  13. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la paroi (9) de boîtier du commutateur (1) électrique sert, en tout ou partie, d'élément (6) de compensation.
  14. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le commutateur (1) électrique est équipé d'au moins un dispositif (11a) de collecte et d'évacuation de gaz qui se forment.
  15. Transformateur (3) suivant la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le transformateur (3) est équipé de dispositifs de détection du niveau du liquide (5) et/ou du fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant et/ou de détection de pressions.
  16. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 14 ou 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le commutateur (1) électrique est équipé d'un corps supplémentaire d'absorption d'une petite quantité d'un fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant supplémentaire, pour compenser la perte de fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant se produisant lors de la décomposition par des opérations de commutation et/ou par un chauffage des résistances de passage.
  17. Transformateur (3) suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la déformation de l'élément (6) de compensation provoquée par la variation de volume est mesurée et sert à évaluer et/ou à indiquer la présence de fluide (4) isolant et réfrigérant.
EP06763988.0A 2005-07-01 2006-06-30 Transformatuer comprennant un commutateur électrique Not-in-force EP1911050B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005032016 2005-07-01
DE102005032017 2005-07-01
PCT/EP2006/063735 WO2007003595A1 (fr) 2005-07-01 2006-06-30 Composant électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1911050A1 EP1911050A1 (fr) 2008-04-16
EP1911050B1 true EP1911050B1 (fr) 2015-06-17

Family

ID=37114457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06763988.0A Not-in-force EP1911050B1 (fr) 2005-07-01 2006-06-30 Transformatuer comprennant un commutateur électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7847189B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1911050B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101248497B (fr)
WO (1) WO2007003595A1 (fr)

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DE102008027274B3 (de) * 2008-06-06 2009-08-27 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Leistungstransformator mit Stufenschalter
EP2169690B1 (fr) 2008-09-24 2012-08-29 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
KR101071003B1 (ko) 2009-12-21 2011-10-06 금오공과대학교 산학협력단 변압기용 내부온도 냉각장치
EP2610881B1 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2014-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Compensateur de pression pour dispositif sous-marin
DE102013100263A1 (de) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-31 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter mit einer Verbindung zum Ölvolumen eines Transformators
DE102013100266A1 (de) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
EP2988311B1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2021-04-28 ABB Schweiz AG Système électrique sous-marin compensé en pression
CN104319176A (zh) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-28 周才强 多片双金属片跳跃距离叠加突跳式温控开关
US9945909B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2018-04-17 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Monitoring multiple subsea electric motors
US10065714B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2018-09-04 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited In-situ testing of subsea power components
US10026537B2 (en) * 2015-02-25 2018-07-17 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Fault tolerant subsea transformer
US9727054B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2017-08-08 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Impedance measurement behind subsea transformer
CN105161291A (zh) * 2015-10-13 2015-12-16 丹东欣泰电气股份有限公司 一种电容器外置膨胀器
JP6623893B2 (ja) * 2016-03-29 2019-12-25 三菱電機株式会社 油入電気機器
DK3343575T3 (da) * 2016-12-28 2020-06-22 Abb Schweiz Ag Trykkompensator i en undervandsinstallation
US10130009B2 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-11-13 American Superconductor Corporation Natural convection cooling for power electronics systems having discrete power dissipation components
CN106683863A (zh) * 2017-03-17 2017-05-17 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 一种变压器液袋压装的确定方法
CN116313671B (zh) * 2023-05-19 2023-07-25 国网山东省电力公司乐陵市供电公司 一种电力工程紧急切断保护装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7847189B2 (en) 2010-12-07
WO2007003595A1 (fr) 2007-01-11
CN101248497B (zh) 2012-03-21
CN101248497A (zh) 2008-08-20
US20080196925A1 (en) 2008-08-21
EP1911050A1 (fr) 2008-04-16

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