Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
  • B65G47/02—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors
  • B65G47/04—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles
  • B65G47/06—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from a single group of articles arranged in orderly pattern, e.g. workpieces in magazines
  • B65G47/08—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from a single group of articles arranged in orderly pattern, e.g. workpieces in magazines spacing or grouping the articles during feeding
  • B65G47/082—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from a single group of articles arranged in orderly pattern, e.g. workpieces in magazines spacing or grouping the articles during feeding grouping articles in rows

Definitions

• the invention relates to an arrangement for grouping products in batches.
• the invention more particularly relates to an arrangement for the grouping of several batch products, of the type in which the products are transported on at least one conveyor belt which runs in a longitudinal direction, from an upstream arrival zone to a conveyor belt. downstream exit zone, at a determined speed known as scrolling, of the type in which the products arrive with a determined upstream spacing between two products, and of the type comprising a phaser which is arranged on the path of the products so as to constitute batches of at least two products.
• This type of arrangement is used in facilities for the packaging of products, for example in installations comprising a conveying line which conveys the products to a packing machine, the packing machine stacking batches of products in crates or cartons.
• the conveying line generally comprises, upstream of the packaging machine, a conveyor belt which conveys the products, with a determined spacing between two consecutive products, to a grouper comprising a series of mobile transport cells.
• the grouper has, opposite the carpet, an empty cell provided to receive a predetermined number of products that are stacked in the cell so as to constitute a lot.
• the cells are thus shifted progressively, notch by notches, which makes it possible to route the batches of products to the boxing machine.
• it is known to constitute the batches of products upstream of the aggregator, by means of a device called phaser.
• timing belts which operate with different speeds of scrolling.
• the products arrive, by a first conveyor belt, on an upstream accelerating belt operating at a higher speed of travel than the first belt.
• the upstream conveyor conveys the products to an intermediate retarder belt.
• the products are plated and retained on the intermediate belt by means of a lower suction device.
• the intermediate belt gradually shifts each product forward until a batch is formed on the intermediate belt.
• the running speed of the intermediate belt increases so as to transfer the batch on a downstream belt which operates at a similar speed of scrolling as the upstream belt.
• phaser is not completely satisfactory because it requires the use of several conveyor belts placed end to end, which is detrimental to the longitudinal size of the installation.
• the suction device does not work for certain types of products, which limits the scope of this phaser.
• this phaser does not allow the processing of products at a very high rate, for example at rates of more than 900 products per minute.
• the invention aims in particular to remedy these disadvantages by proposing a simple, economical, and effective solution.
• the invention proposes an arrangement of the type described above, characterized in that the phaser is arranged between the arrival zone and the exit zone of the belt, in that the phaser comprises at least one retractable cleat, and in that the phaser successively controls the cleat in:
• the cleat is controlled from its engaged position to its retracted position when the spacing between the two products of the batch reaches a non-zero determined value
• the cleat In the engaged position, the cleat is controlled in longitudinal translation downstream, at a determined speed called slowing down, less than the speed of travel, until the batch is constituted;
• the phaser comprises at least one drive belt which carries at least one cleat and which is arranged on the side of the upper face of the belt, in that the belt is wound on at least two drive pulleys so that one strand the bottom of the belt extends substantially parallel to the upper face of the belt, the cleat occupying positions engaged when it is located on the lower strand, and the phaser comprises means for driving the pulleys in rotation so that the longitudinal speed of drive of the cleat by the belt is equal to the speed of slowing down;
• the belt comprises a passive operating state in which it is stopped, each cleat occupying a retracted waiting position, and an active operating state in which the belt is rotated around the pulleys so that a cleat moves longitudinally downstream in the engaged position, and for each batch to be formed, the belt is controlled in its active state when a first product is detected by a sensor, upstream of the phaser;
• the phaser comprises a first and a second similar belt which are arranged in parallel and which are driven independently, and each belt is controlled in its active state before the end of the active state of the other belt, so that the constitution a batch begins before the previous downstream batch has been released;
• the waiting positions of the cleats of the first belt are offset relative to the waiting positions of the cleats of the second belt, so as to prevent a crossing of the cleats of the two belts.
• Each belt carries at least two similar tabs which are evenly spaced along the belt so that for each belt, only one latch at a time can occupy an engaged position;
• the phaser comprises means for adjusting the spacing between the two pulleys of each belt, with a view to adapting the length of the lower strand of each belt to the size and spacing characteristics of the products; the phaser comprises means for automatically compensating the tension of each belt as a function of the value of the spacing between the two pulleys;
• the arrangement comprises a cell regrouping device which is arranged at the exit of the carpet, each cell being intended to contain a batch of products and to route that lot to a downstream processing station.
• FIG. 1 is a side view which schematically shows an arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention comprising a phaser arranged above a conveyor belt;
• FIG. 2 is a side view which schematically represents the phaser of FIG. 1 when the belt is in the passive state;
• Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 which shows the phaser when the belt is in the active state at the beginning of the engagement of a cleat with a product to form a batch of two products;
• FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 which shows the phaser when the belt is in the active state just before the batch of products is released;
• FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 which shows the phaser when the belt is in the passive state just after the batch of products has been released and just before the engagement of a cleat with a new one. product;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view which schematically shows an arrangement comprising a phaser according to a second embodiment equipped with a first and a second belt in parallel;
• Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the phaser of Figure 6 in more detail
• FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 which shows the phaser of Figure 6 when the two belts are in the passive state
• FIG. 9 is a view similar to that of FIG. 8 which shows the phaser when the first belt is in the active state at the beginning of the engagement of a cleat with a product, the second belt being in the state passive
• - Figure 10 is a view similar to that of Figure 8 which shows the slowing of the product by the cleat of the first belt and the waiting position upstream of a cleat of the second belt;
• Figure 1 1 is a view similar to that of Figure 8 which shows a first batch of products before it is released by the cleat of the first belt and which represents the beginning of the engagement of a cleat of the second belt with a product;
• Figure 12 is a view similar to that of Figure 8 which shows the first belt in the passive state and the second belt in the active state.
• FIG. 1 shows an arrangement 10 for grouping Pn products in the form of Ln batches.
• the arrangement 10 comprises a conveyor belt 16 which travels in a longitudinal direction oriented from upstream to downstream, which corresponds to an orientation of the left to the right in FIG.
• the belt 16 conveys the products Pn from an arrival zone 18 located upstream to an outlet zone 20 located downstream.
• the carpet 16 has a scrolling speed V1 substantially constant.
• a phasor 22 according to the teachings of the invention is arranged on the path of the products Pn, between the arrival zone 18 and the exit zone 20, so as to constitute the lots Ln.
• the phaser 22 constitutes batches Ln of two products Pn.
• the products Pn arrive, upstream of the phaser 22, with an upstream spacing E1 corresponding to a minimum setpoint value.
• the batches Ln come out of the phaser 22 with a downstream spacing E2.
• the batches Ln are collected, in the exit zone 20, by a grouping device, said aggregator 24, which transfers the batches Ln to a processing station (not shown) downstream, for example a cashing machine.
• the phaser 22 comprises at least one cleat 26, 28 retractable.
• a first embodiment of the phaser 22 is shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2 to 5.
• the phaser 22 here comprises a belt 30 which is arranged on the side of the upper face 32 of the belt 16 and which is capable of moving two cleats 26, 28.
• the belt 30 is wound on an upstream pulley 34 and on a downstream pulley 36 of axes A1, A2 transverse, with respect to the longitudinal direction.
• the two pulleys 34, 36 are here arranged above the belt 16 so that the lower run 38 of the belt 30 extends substantially parallel to the upper face 32 of the belt 16, and so that the cleats 26, 28 are
• the downstream pulley 36 is provided to be rotated by means of a servomotor 40 so as to drive the belt 30 in rotation about the pulleys 34, 36, and so that the lower strand 38 moves in the same direction as the 16.
• the downstream pulley 36 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, considering FIGS. 3 and 4.
• the belt 30 carries, on its outer face, a first 26 and a second 28 similar cleats which are arranged at substantially opposite positions along the belt 30.
• Each tab 26, 28 is generally in the form of a transverse plate perpendicular to the portion of the belt 30 which carries it.
• the height of the lower strand 38 of the belt 30 and / or the height of each cleat 26, 28, with respect to the upper face 32 of the belt 16, is such that, when a cleat 26, 28 is located on the lower strand 38, it constitutes an obstacle to the passage of Pn products, which corresponds to a so-called engaged position of the cleat 26, 28.
• the cleats 26, 28 may also occupy intermediate positions, shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, when they are located on the wound portions of the belt 30.
• the intermediate position occupied by the first cleat 26 is called standby position and the intermediate position occupied by the second stop 28 is said downstream standby position.
• These waiting positions are retracted positions.
• the first cleat 26 is located at the height of the upstream pulley 34. It is close to a position engaged but sufficiently inclined upstream to not hinder the passage of Pn products under the lower strand 38 of the belt 30.
• the second cleat 28 is located at the level of the downstream pulley 36 and it does not hinder the passage of the products Pn under the lower run 38.
• the two cleats 26, 28 occupy positions reversed with respect to FIG. 2, the second cleat 28 occupying an upstream waiting position and the first cleat 26 occupying a downstream waiting position.
• the belt 30 is successively controlled in a passive state and in an active state.
• the servomotor 40 drives the belt 30 in rotation around the pulleys 34, 36, which causes a longitudinal displacement of the catches 26, 28 along the carpet 26, at a so-called retardation speed V2 which is lower than the running speed V1 of the belt 16.
• the retarding speed V2 is substantially constant.
• the first cleat 26 moves downstream from its upstream waiting position to its downstream waiting position, and the second cleat 28 moves upstream from its standby position downstream to its upstream waiting position.
• the belt 30 is controlled in its active state and in its passive state as a function of the signals emitted by a sensor 42, which is arranged between the arrival zone 18 and the phaser 22, and which is capable of detecting the arrival a product Pn on the carpet 16.
• the sensor 42 is constituted, for example, by an electric cell which is arranged at the edge of the belt 16 and which is electrically connected to the servomotor 40, so that the detection of a product P1 on the belt 16 triggers the start of operation. servomotor 40 at the appropriate time.
• the arrangement 10 according to the invention can be equipped with an encoder (not shown) which accurately measures the distance traveled by the belt 16 from the detection signal of a product Pn emitted by the sensor 42. at the encoder the longitudinal position of the product Pn detected by the sensor 42, relative to the phaser 22, is known precisely, which ensures the triggering of the servomotor 40 at the appropriate time.
• This feature is particularly useful to allow reliable operation of the arrangement 10 according to the invention at high speed, for example above 900 Pn products per minute.
• the operation of the phaser 22 according to the first embodiment is as follows. While the belt 30 is in a passive state where the first cleat 26 is in its upstream waiting position (FIG. 2), the sensor 42 detects the arrival of a first product P1.
• the detection signal emitted by the sensor 42 causes the actuator 40 to start up so that the belt 30 moves from its passive state to its active state, and so that the first cleat 26 moves from its upstream waiting position to its engaged position, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
• the first cleat 26 is then driven longitudinally downstream at the deceleration speed V2. As the deceleration speed V2 of the first cleat
• the start-up of the servomotor 40 comprises a prior acceleration phase ph 1, which allows the belt 30 to pass from one longitudinal drive speed VL zero at a stabilized longitudinal drive speed VL equal to the deceleration speed V2.
• the upstream waiting position is chosen so that the first cleat 26 reaches an intermediate engagement position at the end of the acceleration phase ph1, before it has reached its first vertical engaged position.
• FIG. 2 there is shown in broken lines the end of the intermediate engagement position and in solid broken line the first vertical engaged position of the first cleat 26.
• the phase of displacement of the first cleat 26 between the intermediate engagement position and the first vertical engaged position is said engagement phase ph2.
• the moment of tripping of the servomotor 40 is calibrated with respect to the signal of the sensor 42 so that the first product P1 comes into contact with the first stop 26 during the engagement phase ph2.
• the first product P1 is locked in abutment against the first cleat 26, which is illustrated in FIG.
• the speed of deceleration V2 and the distance between the two pulleys 34, 36 are chosen as a function of the running speed V1 and according to the upstream spacing E1 between the products Pn, so that the second product P2 joins the first product P1 immediately before the first stop 26 moves from its engaged position to its retracted position, that is to say globally at the height of the downstream pulley 36, which is illustrated in FIG.
• the second product P2 forms, with the first product P1, a first batch L1.
• the first cleat 26 retracts and comes to occupy its downstream waiting position, shown in Figure 5.
• the belt 30 then passes from its active state to its passive state.
• the batch L1 is released by the first stop 26 during the clearance phase ph3, which allows the batch L1 to continue its longitudinal run downstream at the scrolling speed V1.
• the end of the clearance phase ph3 corresponds to the beginning of a so-called deceleration phase ph4, during which the longitudinal drive speed VL of the belt 30 changes from the deceleration speed V2 to a zero speed, and during from which the first cleat 26 passes from its intermediate disengagement position to its downstream waiting position, which is shown in solid broken line in FIG. 4.
• phaser 22 is then ready to process a new batch Ln of Pn products, the second cleat 28 occupying its upstream waiting position.
• the slowing speed V2 and the spacing between the upstream 34 and downstream 36 pulleys can be chosen so that the upstream spacing E1 between the two products P1, P2 decreases, under the phaser 22, to a non-zero determined value, the first product P1 being released before the second product P2 comes into contact with it.
• the second product P2 is not slowed by the phaser 22, so it passes through the phaser 22 at the scroll speed V1.
• This feature is particularly useful for certain types of Pn products said not accumulable, for example Pn products in bags that do not have rigid bearing surfaces defining precise points of contact between Pn products. This avoids a risk of overlapping of these Pn products.
• downstream spacing E2 of the batches Ln, at the output of the phaser 22 is substantially equal to twice the value of the upstream spacing E1 between the products Pn.
• the phaser 22 makes it possible to prepare lots Ln sufficiently spaced to allow the time to the combiner 24 to process each batch Ln, when the arrangement 10 operates at high rates.
• FIG. 6 An exemplary cluster 24 of the cell type is shown in FIG. 6, in connection with a second embodiment of the arrangement 10 according to the invention. This combiner 24 is also suitable for the first embodiment.
• the regrouper 24 comprises a train 44 of cells 46 which is movable in a generally transverse direction relative to the carpet 16.
• Each cell 46 delimits a slot 48 in the form of a notch which is open on the side of the belt 16 to be able to receive a lot Ln in the exit zone 20.
• the train 44 of cavities 46 moves transversely in a jerk, so that there is always an empty cell 46 opposite the downstream end of the belt 16, pending the arrival of a batch Ln. As soon as a batch Ln fills the housing 48 of the cell 46 empty, the train 44 of cells 46 is shifted from a cell 46, to receive the next batch Ln.
• the arrangement 10 provides the space time necessary for the aggregator 24 to shift the train 44 of cells 46 and present an empty cell 46 in front of the Lot Ln following.
• the arrival rate of the products Pn should be divided by two. Indeed, the aggregator 24 would then have only a time interval corresponding to the upstream spacing E 1 to effect the shift of the train 44 of cells 46.
• FIGS. 6 to 12 a second embodiment of the arrangement 10 according to the invention comprising an improved phasor 23 is described.
• the phaser 23 differs from that of the first embodiment mainly in that it comprises two similar belts 50, 52 arranged in parallel, and in that each belt 50, 52 is wound around a third pulley 54 which is arranged above the associated lower strand 38 and above the associated upstream 34 and downstream pulleys 36.
• the two belts 50, 52 are superimposed.
• the first 50 and the second 52 belts are arranged side by side, substantially symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry constituting a median plane for the belt 16.
• the first 50 and the second 52 belts are driven independently, respectively by a first 56 and a second 58 servomotors.
• Each belt 50, 52 here comprises a first 60, a second 62, and a third 64 cleat which are regularly spaced along the belt 50, 52 and which are similar to the tabs 26, 28 of the first embodiment.
• tabs 60, 62, 64 could be different, the important thing being that there is always a stop 60, 62, 64 in the upstream waiting position when a product Pn is detected by the cell 42. , and that there are not two cleats 60, 62, 64 simultaneously in the engaged position.
• each latch 60, 62, 64 with the products Pn is offset transversely to the belt 50, 52 opposite, so that this contact surface 66 is generally transversely centered relative to the carpet 16.
• the tabs 60, 62, 64 here comprise additional waiting positions, with respect to the positions described with reference to the first embodiment.
• the third cleat 64 occupies a median waiting position, located halfway between the downstream waiting position and the upstream waiting position, in the vicinity of the third pulley 54.
• the first 60 and the second 62 tabs of the first belt 50 are respectively represented in their waiting positions upstream and downstream.
• the tabs 60, 62, 64 of the two belts 50, 52 can not occupy simultaneously identical positions, when the first tab 60 of the first belt 50 is in its upstream waiting position, the tabs 60, 62, 64 of the second belt 52, which are shown with hatching in FIGS. 8 to 12, occupy staggered waiting positions, for example relative to the waiting positions of the tabs 60, 62, 64 of the first belt 50.
• the first cleat 60 of the second belt 52 occupies an upstream waiting position offset by a few degrees of rotation angle of the upstream pulley 34, relative to the upstream waiting position of the first cleat. 60 of the first belt 50.
• the two other tabs 62, 64 of the second belt 52 are offset from the corresponding tabs 62, 64 of the first belt 50.
• the operating principle of the second embodiment is similar to the first, but it allows the product flow to be processed at a faster rate. Indeed, the presence of a second belt 52 makes it possible to start the formation of a second batch L2 before the first batch L1 has been released by the first belt 50.
• the phaser 23 is represented in the passive state, the tabs 60, 62, 64 occupying the waiting positions described above.
• the detection signal emitted by the sensor 42 when it detects a first product P1, causes the first belt 50 of the phaser 23 to pass from its passive state to its active state.
• the first servomotor 56 is turned on so that the first latch 60 of the first belt 50 moves from its upstream waiting position to its engaged position, which is shown in Fig. 9, and continues to move to its position. downstream waiting, which is shown in Figure 12.
• the second servomotor 58 Shortly after the first servomotor 56 is turned on, or simultaneously, the second servomotor 58 is turned on as well, until the first tab 60 of the second belt 52 comes to occupy its upstream waiting position.
• the sensor 42 Shortly before the retraction of the first cleat 60 of the first belt 50, the sensor 42 detects the arrival of a third product P3 which triggers the start of the second servomotor 58, the second belt 52 then passing from its passive state in its active state.
• the first cleat 60 of the second belt 52 then comes to occupy an engaged position, which is illustrated in FIG. 11, so as to slow the third product P3 to form a second batch L2 immediately upstream of the first batch L1.
• the first batch L1 being constituted, the first cleat 60 of the first belt 50 is retracted and comes to occupy its downstream waiting position, while the third associated cleat 64 comes to occupy its upstream waiting position, then the first servomotor 56 stopped. The first belt 50 is then returned to its passive state, which is illustrated in FIG. 12.
• the first belt 50 is again ready to process Pn products.
• the first cleat 60 of the second continuous belt 52 is longitudinal displacement, which corresponds to the situation of the first belt 50 illustrated in FIG. 9.
• the internal surface 68 of the belts 50, 52 is notched to cooperate with complementary transverse notches carried by the axial driving surface 70 of the pulleys 34, 36, 54.
• the phaser 23 is here carried by a frame in the form of portico 72 which rests, for example, on the ground (not shown) and which is fixed relative to the carpet 16.
• phaser 23 on a gantry 72 makes it easy to arrange it over any conveyor belt 16, and makes it easy to choose its longitudinal position.
• the gantry 72 comprises, on either side of the belt 16, two vertical longitudinal plates 74, 76 which respectively support the pulleys 34, 36, 54 associated with the first belt 50 and the pulleys 34, 36, 54 associated with the second belt. belt 52.
• the phaser 23 comprises means 78 for adjusting the distance between the upstream pulley 34 and the downstream pulley 36 of each belt 50, 52.
• the adjustment of the center distance makes it possible in particular to adapt the length of the lower run 38 of each belt 50, 52 at the upstream spacing E1 between the products Pn and at the longitudinal dimension of the products Pn.
• each upstream pulley 34 is carried by a slider 80 which is movable in translation on a longitudinal rail 82 fixed to the plate 74, 76 of associated support.
• each slider 80 is controlled here by an adjustment screw 84 fixed to the associated support plate 74, 76.
• the phaser 23 comprises means 86 for catching the tension of each belt 50, 52.
• These means 86 include, for example, a vertical rail and slider system (not shown) for moving the axis A3 of the third pulley 54 in vertical translation, relative to the plate 74, 76 of associated support.
• the means 86 for adjusting the tension can operate automatically, for example by means of an elastic device which vertically urges the axis A3 of the third pulley 54 upwards.
• an ejection device 88 of products Pn is arranged between the sensor 42 and the phaser 23, so as to prevent malfunctions of the arrangement 10 due to spacings. upstream E1 too short.
• the ejection device 88 comprises, for example, means (not shown) for producing a compressed air jet sufficient to push a product Pn out of the belt 16.
• the ejection device 88 is controlled according to the detection signal produced by the sensor 42 so that, when it detects the arrival of an upstream product Pn which is too close to the product Pn located immediately downstream, the ejection device 88 causes the ejection of the upstream product Pn out 16.
• the phaser 23 waits for the arrival of the next product Pn to begin the formation of a new batch Ln.
• phaser 23 releases the first product P1 of the batch Ln although a second product
• the first product P1 then enters alone into the corresponding cell 46 of the combiner 24.
• the aggregator 24 may comprise means (not shown) for detecting the number of products Pn received in the cell 46 located opposite the belt 16, so that it expects the arrival of the second product P2 before controlling the offset of the cells 46.
• the phaser 23 therefore passes, without slowing down, the second product P2 located immediately upstream of the product ej ejected, so that it joins the first product P1 already present in the cell 46.
• the arrangement 10 according to the invention constitutes batches Ln of two products Pn.
• phaser 22 must slow down the first product P1 of the batch
• the arrangement 10 according to the invention does not require a specific carpet 16, which makes it possible to minimize the costs and which makes it possible, for example, to modify an existing installation inexpensively to make it able to process products Pn to high rates.
• the invention relates to a method of grouping several products in the form of batches in order to allow their cashing, the products being transported by a conveyor belt which scrolls at a determined speed called scrolling, the products arriving from the upstream side of the carpet with a determined upstream spacing between two products, and the products leaving the downstream side of the carpet in batches of at least two products.
• the grouping process consists of:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
• Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
• Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)
• Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-02-28 FR FR0550528A patent/FR2882547B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-01-30 EP EP06704241A patent/EP1853498A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-01-30 WO PCT/EP2006/050532 patent/WO2006089831A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-01-30 MX MX2007010291A patent/MX2007010291A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2006-01-30 US US11/885,170 patent/US7665598B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-01-30 JP JP2007557455A patent/JP4995740B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-01-30 CN CN2006800062730A patent/CN101128374B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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