EP1844172B1 - Pulverkombination auf eisenbasis - Google Patents

Pulverkombination auf eisenbasis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1844172B1
EP1844172B1 EP06701553.7A EP06701553A EP1844172B1 EP 1844172 B1 EP1844172 B1 EP 1844172B1 EP 06701553 A EP06701553 A EP 06701553A EP 1844172 B1 EP1844172 B1 EP 1844172B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
powder
iron
molybdenum
weight
alloyed
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EP06701553.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1844172A1 (de
EP1844172A4 (de
Inventor
Mats Larsson
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Hoganas AB
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Hoganas AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to iron-based powder metallurgical combinations and to methods for preparing sintered powder metallurgical components therefrom. More specifically the invention refers to the production of sintered components including copper, nickel and molybdenum by using these combinations.
  • Sintered iron-based components can be produced by mixing alloying elements with the pure iron powders. However, this may cause problems with dust and segregation which may lead to variations in size and mechanical properties of the sintered component.
  • the alloying elements may be pre-alloyed or diffusion alloyed with the iron powder. In one method molybdenum is pre-alloyed with iron powder and this pre-alloyed iron powder is subsequently diffusion alloyed with copper and nickel for production of sintered components from iron-based powder compositions containing molybdenum, nickel and copper.
  • US 5082433 disclose moulded articles, particularly cams for camshafts of internal combustion engines, subjected to high wear conditions. In order to make them resistant to wear, they are produced from a sintered alloy which has been fabricated by powder metallurgical means.
  • the alloy has a hardened matrix with interstitial copper and consists of 0.5 to 16% by weight of molybdenum, 1 to 20% by weight of copper, 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of carbon and, optionally, of admixtures of chromium, manganese, silicon and nickel totalling, at most, 5% by weight, the remainder being iron.
  • US 5567890 disclose an iron-based powder for producing highly resistant components having a small local variation in dimensional change by powder compacting and sintering.
  • the powder contains - in addition to Fe - 0.5-4.5% by weight Ni, 0.65-2.25% by weight Mo and 0.35-0.65% by weight C, and optionally a lubricant and impurities.
  • the maximum variation in dimensional change is 0.07% for a minimum density of 6.7 g/cm 3 .
  • WO 2004/038054 disclose a method of controlling the dimensional change to a predetermined value including the steps of providing a first powder (A) consisting of an iron based powder (1) and copper in the form of elemental copper (2), or copper diffusion bonded to said iron-based powder (3). Providing a second powder (B) consisting of said iron-based powder (1) and a pre-alloyed iron-copper powder (4); mixing said first and second powder mixtures (A) and (B) in proportions resulting in the desired dimensional change adding graphite and lubricant and optionally hard phase materials and other alloying elements to the obtained mixture. At last compacting the obtained mixture and sintering the compacted body.
  • the present invention provides a method of eliminating the need of producing a specific powder for each desired chemical composition of the sintered iron-based component having alloying elements from molybdenum, copper and nickel.
  • the invention also offers the advantage of providing a method for controlling the dimensional change and the tensile strength to predetermined values.
  • the dimensional change is independent of the carbon content and the density.
  • the invention concerns a powder metallurgical combination of three different iron-based powders as defined in claim 1.
  • the first of these iron-based powders consisting of core particles of iron, pre-alloyed with molybdenum, which is additionally diffusion alloyed with copper and the second iron-based powder consisting of core particles of iron, pre-alloyed with molybdenum, which is diffusion alloyed with nickel.
  • the third iron-based powder essentially consists of particles of iron pre-alloyed with molybdenum.
  • a method according to the invention is defined in claim 6 and comprises the steps of combining these three iron-based powders in predetermined amounts, mixing the combination with graphite, compacting the obtained mixture and sintering the obtained green body to provide a sintered component having a predetermined strength and a predetermined dimensional change during sintering.
  • Figs 1-4 illustrate diagrams for determining the copper and nickel content in the powder metallurgical combination for a predetermined strength and dimensional change.
  • iron-based powder metallurgical combination according to the invention comprises:
  • the amount of copper and nickel which is diffusion alloyed to the core particles is limited in the upper range to 15% copper and 12% nickel.
  • the lower limit of copper and nickel which is diffusion alloyed to the core particles should be substantially higher than the amount required in the sintered component to achieve the advantages of the invention.
  • an iron-based powder essentially consisting of core particles pre-alloyed with molybdenum and comprising at least 6% copper diffusion alloyed to the core particles and an iron-based powder having core particles pre-alloyed with molybdenum and comprising at least 4.5% nickel diffusion alloyed to the core particles are of special interest.
  • the powders A, B and C essentially consist of particles of iron pre-alloyed with molybdenum, but other elements, except unavoidable impurities, may be pre-alloyed to the particles.
  • Such elements may be nickel, copper, chromium and manganese.
  • the respective amounts of powder A, B and C are determined and mixed with graphite in the amount required for the predetermined strength.
  • the obtained mixture may be mixed with other additives before compaction and sintering.
  • the amount of graphite which is mixed in the powder combination is 0.3-0.7%.
  • additives are selected from the group consisting of lubricants, binders, other alloying elements, hard phase materials, machinability enhancing agents.
  • powder C is essentially free from Cu and Ni.
  • the relation between powder A, B and C is chosen so that the copper content will be 0.2-2% by weight, the nickel content will be 0.1-4% by weight and the molybdenum content is preferably 0.5-1.5% by weight of the sintered component.
  • the copper content is 0.2-2%, preferably 0.4-0.8% and the nickel content is 0.1-4%, it has been unexpectedly been found that the dimensional change during sintering is independent of the carbon content and sintered density.
  • the amounts of copper, nickel and carbon, respectively, in the sintered component is determined by means of diagrams, e.g. from fig 1-4 .
  • the required amounts of powder A, B and C, respectively, may then be determined by a person skilled in the art.
  • the powders are mixed with graphite to obtain the final desired carbon content.
  • the powder combination is compacted at a compaction pressure between 400-1000 MPa and the obtained green body is sintered at 1100-1300°C for 10-60 minutes in a protective atmosphere.
  • the sintered body may be subjected to further post treatments, such as heat treatment, surface densification, machining etc.
  • the exemplifying diagrams in fig 1-4 are valid at a compaction pressure of 600 MPa, sintered at 1120°C for 30 minutes in an atmosphere of 90% nitrogen and 10% of hydrogen.
  • sintered components containing various amounts of molybdenum, copper and nickel may be produced. This is achieved by using a combination of three different powders, which are mixed in different proportions to achieve a powder having the required chemical composition for the actual sintered component.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that the dimensional change during sintering as well as the strength of the sintered component can be controlled.
  • the advantage of being able to control the dimensional change will facilitate the use of existing pressing tools.
  • a certain scatter in carbon content and density may be unavoidable.
  • the scatter in dimensions after sintering will be reduced hence subsequent machining and machining costs can be decreased.
  • This example demonstrates how to choose an alloying composition having a desired strength of about 600 MPa and three levels of dimensional change (-0.1%, 0.0% and +0.1%). This was done for two carbon levels, 0.5% C and 0.3% C, respectively, in the powder combinations according to table 1, where the lower carbon content yields better ductility as can be seen in table 2.
  • the powder combinations according to the present invention were prepared from a powder A with 10% of copper diffusion alloyed to the surface of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum, a powder B with 5% of nickel diffusion alloyed to the surface of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum and a powder C of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum.
  • the powder combinations were mixed with 0.8% amide wax as a lubricant and graphite, to yield a sintered carbon content of 0.3 % and 0.5 %, respectively.
  • the obtained mixtures were compacted to tensile test specimen according to ISO 2740.
  • the compaction pressure was 600 MPa and the sintering conditions were: 1120°C, 30 min, 90% N 2 /10% H 2 .
  • table 2 other mechanical properties from the powder combinations according to the invention are presented. It can be clearly seen that the powder combinations according to the invention have the predetermined dimensional change according to fig 3 .
  • Powder combination (1) 0.6 1.3 0.83 0.5 7.08 -0.104 Powder combination (2) 1.15 0.8 0.83 0.5 7.06 0.004 Powder combination (3) 1.55 0.4 0.83 0.5 7.04 0.096 Powder combination (4) 0.9 2.3 0.83 0.3 7.11 -0.096 Powder combination (5) 1.3 2 0.83 0.3 7.09 0.007 Powder combination (6) 1.6 1.7 0.83 0.3 7.07 0.095 Table 2 Hardness HV10 Tensile strength (MPa) Yield strength (MPa) Young's modulus (GPa) Elongation (%) Powder combination (1) 219 599 413 139 2.0 Powder combination (2) 223 601 429 139 1.8 Powder combination (3) 219 602 447 139 1.6 Powder combination (4) 207 601 397 138 2.4 Powder combination (5) 209 604 408 137 2.2 Powder combination (6) 206 602 417 137 2.1
  • This example illustrates powder combinations according to the invention, comprising 0.6% Cu and 2% Ni and a specific embodiment having dimensional change independent of carbon content and sintered density as shown in table 3.
  • the results obtained with these combinations are compared with the results obtained with Distaloy AB (available from Höganäs AB, Sweden) as well as with a powder having the same chemical composition as the powder combination according to the invention but wherein iron-based powder pre-alloyed with molybdenum has both copper and nickel diffusion alloyed to the surface, in table 3 designated as "fixed composition".
  • the powder combinations according to the present invention were prepared from a powder A with 10% of copper diffusion alloyed to the surface of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum, a powder B with 5% of nickel diffusion alloyed to the surface of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum and a powder C consisting of an iron-based powder pre-alloyed with 0.85% of molybdenum.
  • Table 3 shows a specific example where a mixture of powder A, powder B and powder C having a total content of 0.6% copper, 2% of nickel and 0.83% of molybdenum is compared with a known powder, Distaloy AB, and an iron-based powder having 0.83% of pre-alloyed molybdenum, 0.6% of copper and 2% of nickel diffusion alloyed to the surface of the iron-based powder.
  • the dimensional change of sintered samples, produced from the powder combination according to the invention is essentially independent of the carbon content and density compared with the known powder Distaloy AB or the iron-based powder diffusion alloyed with both copper and nickel.
  • the powder combinations were mixed with 0.8% amide wax as a lubricant and graphite, to yield a sintered carbon content according to table 3.
  • the obtained mixtures were compacted to tensile test specimen according to ISO 2740 at different compaction pressures according to table 3.
  • the tensile test specimens were sintered at 1120°C for 30 minutes in an atmosphere of 90 % nitrogen and 10 % of hydrogen.
  • table 4 further mechanical properties are presented.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Pulvermetallurgische Kombination umfassend:
    - ein eisenbasiertes Pulver A, bestehend aus Kernpartikeln von mit Molybdän vorlegiertem Eisen, wobei 6-15 Gew.-% von Pulver A Kupfer ist, das zu den Kernpartikeln diffusionslegiert ist,
    - ein eisenbasiertes Pulver B, bestehend aus Kernpartikeln von mit Molybdän vorlegiertem Eisen, wobei 4,5-8 % Gew.-% von Pulver B Nickel ist, das zu den Kernpartikeln diffusionslegiert ist, und
    - ein eisenbasiertes Pulver C, bestehend aus Partikeln von mit Molybdän vorlegiertem Eisen
    - das Verhältnis zwischen dem Pulver A, B und C so gewählt ist, dass der Kupferinhalt der pulvermetallurgischen Kombination 0,2-2 Gew.-%, der Nickelinhalt der pulvermetallurgischen Kombination 0,1-4 Gew.-%, der Molybdäninhalt der pulvermetallurgischen Kombination 0,3-2 Gew.-%, und der Graphitinhalt der pulvermetallurgischen Kombination 0,3-0,7 Gew.-% beträgt,
    - wobei die Menge von Molybdän in jedem der Pulver A, B und C 0,3-2 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5-1,5 Gew.-%, beträgt, und die Menge von Molybdän in jedem der Pulvers A, B und C im Wesentlichen die gleiche ist.
  2. Pulvermetallurgische Kombination nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Kupfermenge des Pulvers A 8-12 Gew.-% beträgt.
  3. Pulvermetallurgische Kombination nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Nickelmenge des Pulvers B 5-7 Gew.-% beträgt.
  4. Pulvermetallurgische Kombination nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, umfassend übrige Additive, die aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Gleitmitteln, Bindemitteln, übrigen Legierungsbestandteilen, Hartphasenwerkstoffen und die Verarbeitbarkeit verbessernden Mitteln ausgewählt sind.
  5. Pulvermetallurgische Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das Pulver C im Wesentlichen frei von Cu und Ni ist.
  6. Verfahren zum Erhalten einer gesinterten Komponente, die während der Sinterung eine vorgegebene Festigkeit und eine vorgegebene Dimensionsänderung aufweist, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Bestimmen der zum Erhalten der vorgegebenen Festigkeit und Dimensionsänderung erforderlichen Mengen von Kupfer, Nickel, Molybdän und Kohlenstoff in der gesinterten Komponente,
    - Bestimmen der jeweiligen Mengen von Pulver A, B und C wie in einem der Ansprüche 1-5 definiert,
    - Mischen der bestimmten Mengen von Pulvern A, B und C mit Graphit und eventuellen anderen Additiven,
    - Verdichten der Mischung zum Bilden eines Pulverpresskörpers; und
    - Sinterung des Pulverpresskörpers,
    wobei die Mischung bei einem Kompaktierungsdruck von 400-1000 MPa verdichtet wird, und die Sinterung bei 1100-1300 °C für 10-60 Minuten durchgeführt wird.
EP06701553.7A 2005-02-04 2006-01-20 Pulverkombination auf eisenbasis Active EP1844172B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0500261 2005-02-04
PCT/SE2006/000080 WO2006083206A1 (en) 2005-02-04 2006-01-20 Iron-based powder combination

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1844172A1 EP1844172A1 (de) 2007-10-17
EP1844172A4 EP1844172A4 (de) 2010-07-21
EP1844172B1 true EP1844172B1 (de) 2019-07-03

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US (1) US20080089801A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1844172B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5108531B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100970796B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100532606C (de)
BR (1) BRPI0607356A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2595905A1 (de)
MX (1) MX2007009531A (de)
RU (1) RU2366537C2 (de)
TW (1) TWI325896B (de)
WO (1) WO2006083206A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200705662B (de)

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KR100992713B1 (ko) 2007-10-04 2010-11-05 기아자동차주식회사 전동식 조향컬럼 잠금장치의 데드 록 장치
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BR112013025725B1 (pt) * 2011-04-06 2019-09-03 Hoeganaes Corp composição de pó metalúrgico, peça compactada e aditivo para preparar a composição de pó metalúrgico
CN105344992A (zh) * 2015-11-19 2016-02-24 苏州紫光伟业激光科技有限公司 一种冶金粉末组合物
DE102018209682A1 (de) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-19 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines pulvermetallurgischen Erzeugnisses
US11939646B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2024-03-26 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Corrosion and wear resistant nickel based alloys
RU2701232C1 (ru) * 2018-12-12 2019-09-25 Публичное акционерное общество "Северсталь" Способ получения легированной порошковой смеси для изготовления порошковых конструкционных деталей ответственного назначения
KR20210029582A (ko) 2019-09-06 2021-03-16 현대자동차주식회사 철계 예합금 분말, 철계 확산접합 분말 및 이를 이용하는 분말야금용 철계 합금 분말
KR20210104418A (ko) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-25 현대자동차주식회사 가변 오일 펌프용 아우터링 및 이의 제조방법
CN116024483B (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-09-15 江苏群达机械科技有限公司 一种低合金高强度的Cr-Mo钢材料及其制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0607356A2 (pt) 2009-09-01
WO2006083206A1 (en) 2006-08-10
RU2366537C2 (ru) 2009-09-10
JP5108531B2 (ja) 2012-12-26
EP1844172A1 (de) 2007-10-17
JP2008528811A (ja) 2008-07-31
RU2007133101A (ru) 2009-03-10
CA2595905A1 (en) 2006-08-10
KR100970796B1 (ko) 2010-07-16
TW200632111A (en) 2006-09-16
TWI325896B (en) 2010-06-11
CN100532606C (zh) 2009-08-26
US20080089801A1 (en) 2008-04-17
CN101111617A (zh) 2008-01-23
KR20070099690A (ko) 2007-10-09
MX2007009531A (es) 2008-02-12
EP1844172A4 (de) 2010-07-21
ZA200705662B (en) 2009-01-28

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