EP1641607B1 - Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramischen fliesen oder platten mit kontrollierter dicke - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramischen fliesen oder platten mit kontrollierter dicke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1641607B1
EP1641607B1 EP04740798A EP04740798A EP1641607B1 EP 1641607 B1 EP1641607 B1 EP 1641607B1 EP 04740798 A EP04740798 A EP 04740798A EP 04740798 A EP04740798 A EP 04740798A EP 1641607 B1 EP1641607 B1 EP 1641607B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
powders
pressing
belt
thickness
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP04740798A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1641607A1 (de
Inventor
Pietro Rivola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sacmi Imola SC
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Sacmi Imola SC
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Publication date
Application filed by Sacmi Imola SC filed Critical Sacmi Imola SC
Priority to PL04740798T priority Critical patent/PL1641607T3/pl
Publication of EP1641607A1 publication Critical patent/EP1641607A1/de
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Publication of EP1641607B1 publication Critical patent/EP1641607B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
    • B28B17/0072—Product control or inspection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a method for manufacturing ceramic tiles or slabs, and in particular to a method for pre-forming said slabs and the relative plant for its implementation.
  • Ceramic tile forming methods comprising the following operative steps:
  • JP 06320520 provides for a system in which the slurry is fed to a first conveyor on which a continuous sheet of slurry is formed. The sheet passes then to a second conveyor in which it is cut in different portions and then to a third conveyor in which the cut portions are placed at the same distance one from the other. Exiting from the third conveyor the thickness of the slurry is measured in order to correct the slurry supply to the first conveyor. At this stage, after measuring thickness, the slurry portions are conveyed to a press.
  • the slab or tile thickness can vary during the course of the day.
  • the product thickness variations are imputable to variations in the moisture content of the compacted powder, which influence its particle size distribution, and also to wear of the powder feed outlets, which widen with consequent increase in the powder quantity and hence in the thickness of the powder layer intended for pre-compaction and final pressing.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks of the known art within the framework of a simple and rational solution.
  • the invention attains said object by providing a method for forming ceramic tiles or slabs according to claim 1.
  • the method includes controlling the powder quantity, and indirectly the thickness of the powder later to be compacted, on the basis of the thickness of the compacted article.
  • the object of the invention is attained by controlling the height of that side of the powder feed outlet to the belt which acts as the powder layer scraper, to control the thickness of the powder layer conveyed by the belt.
  • This control is effected on the basis of the measured thickness of the pre-compacted article.
  • the method of the invention comprises the following operative steps:
  • said first pressing station can either be a first pressing station suitable only for making said powder layer coherent, to be then subjected to a second and definitive pressing, or can constitute the only pressing and compaction station.
  • the pressure for compacting the material in the first pressing station must preferably progressively reach a maximum value between 20 and 100 kg/cm 2 , and preferably between 30 and 70 kg/cm 2 .
  • the pressure to which the material is subjected must preferably reach a maximum value between 300 and 450 kg/cm 2 .
  • the invention also includes a plant for implementing the aforedescribed method, according to claim 7.
  • This plant comprises a conveyor belt on which a continuous layer of powder material is created, means for laterally retaining the material on said belt, continuous pressing means of band form which enable the powder layer on said belt to be compacted at a predetermined constant pressure to obtain a coherent article of pre-compacted powders, and means for measuring the thickness of the article on termination of said first pressing.
  • Said means for measuring the thickness of the article are preferably associated with a processor which controls the distance of the scraper means from the belt.
  • Said means for measuring the article thickness on termination of the first pressing can comprise usual measurement transducers, or any other device suitable for the purpose.
  • the means for controlling the distance of that side of the powder feed outlet to the belt which acts as the scraper are normal mechanical micro-regulating means, such as a controlled advancement motor operating a male-female screw combination.
  • the invention is illustrated applied to a pre-compaction plant, but can be equally applied to a final compaction plant.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side section through the plant of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a view in the direction II of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a detail of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the invention.
  • Said figures show, for loading the powder to be compacted, a hopper 200 positioned above a belt 201 onto which the powder is discharged.
  • the belt is driven by usual means, not shown.
  • That side of the feed outlet of the hopper 200 facing the belt advancement direction is defined by a vertically movable wall 202 acting as scraper for the layer of discharged powder.
  • the wall 202 is engaged, via the appendix 203 in which the female thread is provided, by a screw 204 which regulates the distance of the lower edge of the wall 202 from the belt 201.
  • the female thread provided in the appendix 203 is engaged by the screw 204, the head of which carries a gearwheel 205.
  • the gearwheel 205 engages a pinion 206 ( Figure 4 ) keyed onto the shaft 207 of a controlled advancement motor 208.
  • the motor 208 is controlled to rotate in both directions by a usual control circuit linked to a processor 209.
  • the conveyor belt 201 transfers the material onto a motorized conveyor belt 2 which passes through a station 3, which in the illustrated example is a pre-compacting station, or first pressing station, the purpose of which is to compact the powder layer to obtain a pre-compacted article of coherent material having a rectangular cross-section.
  • a station 3 which in the illustrated example is a pre-compacting station, or first pressing station, the purpose of which is to compact the powder layer to obtain a pre-compacted article of coherent material having a rectangular cross-section.
  • This article can then be decorated and divided into blanks of suitable dimensions depending on the final product size to be obtained.
  • the article must finally be subjected to final pressing.
  • the pressing station 3 comprises two mutually superposed motorized compactor devices 4 and 5, one of which is positioned below the belt 2 and the other above it at a distance from the belt 2 which can be adjusted on the basis of the thickness of the powder layer to be compacted and of the pressure at which the first pressing is to be carried out. Generally this pressure is between 20 and 100 kg/cm 2 .
  • Each of the compactor devices 4 and 5 comprises a motorized roller and an idle roller, indicated respectively by the reference numerals 40, 41 and 50, 51, about which there passes a respective band 42, 52.
  • a roller table 43 and 53 consisting of a plurality of idle rollers 430 and 530.
  • the purpose of the two roller tables 43 and 53 is to maintain the bands 42 and 52 pressed to compact the layer of powder material.
  • the roller table 53 can also be inclined in the direction of advancement of the belt 2 in order to make the compaction of the powders of the layer gradual.
  • the roller tables 43 and 53 define the compaction (or first pressing) zone of the powder layer, downstream of which there is provided a decompression zone 6 in which the powder layer is allowed to expand by suitable means, in a controlled manner to prevent the formation of cracks in the compacted article.
  • said decompression zone 6 comprises two superposed roller tables 44 and 54 positioned downstream of the roller tables 43 and 53 respectively.
  • roller table 44 is fixed and horizontal, whereas the roller table 54 is supported by a frame 55 via two actuators 56 of hydraulic type which enable the roller table to be adjusted in level and also to be inclined to the belt 2 to enable the compacted powder mass to expand with a desired deformation gradient, to maintain the compaction pressure constant and to measure the thickness of the compacted layer leaving.
  • the rod 561 of the actuator 56 emerges at its top where it is associated with a position transducer 560 which feeds its signals to the processor 209.
  • the pre-compacting or first pressing station also comprises means for laterally retaining the powders, these means in the illustrated embodiment being in the form of two deformable straps 8 and 9, associated with the compactor device 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Keramikfliesen oder Platten, das die folgenden Arbeitsschritte umfasst:
    - Erzeugung einer durchgehenden Pulverschicht auf einem Förderband (201),
    - Beförderung des Förderbandes durch eine erste kontinuierlich arbeitende Pressstation (3), der Vorrichtungen für die seitliche Halterung der Pulverschicht (8, 9) zugeordnet sind, um ein Pressen des Pulvers bei fortlaufendem Förderband zu ermöglichen und ein einheitliches Erzeugnis aus verdichtetem Pulver zu erhalten,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die Dicke der Platten aus gepresstem Material gemessen wird und
    - auf der Basis dieser Messung der Plattendicke die Dichte der Pulverschicht vor der Verdichtung eingestellt wird.
  2. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorgang des Pressens eine erste Verdichtung darstellt, die von einer letzten Verdichtung gefolgt wird.
  3. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Maximaldruck, dem das Pulver bei der ersten Verdichtung unterworfen wird, zwischen 20 und 100 kg/cm2 und vorzugsweise zwischen 30 und 70 kg/cm2 liegt.
  4. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pressvorgang der letzten Verdichtung entspricht.
  5. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Maximaldruck, dem das Pulver bei der letzten Verdichtung unterworfen wird, zwischen 300 und 450 kg/cm2 liegt.
  6. Ein Verfahren nach den Patentansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Plattendicke nach der zweiten Verdichtung gemessen wird.
  7. Eine Anlage zur Herstellung von Keramikfliesen oder -platten, einschließlich eines Förderbandes (201), auf dem eine durchgehende Schicht aus Pulvermaterial erzeugt wird und kontinuierlich arbeitende Pressvorrichtungen (4, 5) die Pulverschicht auf dem Förderband (2) pressen, um ein einheitliches Erzeugnis aus verdichtetem Pulver zu erhalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Vorrichtungen zum Messen der Schichtdicke nach Beendigung des Pressvorgangs enthält, welchen wiederum Vorrichtungen zur Einstellung der auf dem Förderband eingespeisten Pulvermenge zugeordnet sind.
  8. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtungen zum Messen der Schichtdicke nach Beendigung des Pressvorgangs einen Messwandler beinhalten.
  9. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Pressstation der kontinuierlich arbeitenden Pressstation nachgeschaltet ist.
  10. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtungen zum Messen der Schichtdicke nach Beendigung des Pressvorgangs der zweiten Pressstation zugeordnet sind.
  11. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die durchgehende Pulverschicht durch einen Trichter (200) auf das Förderband verbracht wird.
  12. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtungen zum Einstellen der Pulvermenge und zum Bestimmen der Schichtdicke dem Auslass des Trichters (200) zugeordnet sind.
  13. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtungen zum Einstellen der Pulvermenge und zum Bestimmen der Schichtdicke einem Schaber (202) zugeordnet sind, der dem Trichterauslass zum Schaben der Pulverschicht auf dem Förderband zugeordnet ist.
  14. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schaber durch passende Betriebsvorrichtungen in der Höhe verstellbar ist.
  15. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betreibsvorrichtungen des Schabers einen gesteuerten Fördermotor beinhalten, der mit dem Schaber durch eine Verknüpfung Innen-/Außengewinde verbunden und durch den Prozessor auf Grundlage der Dickenmessung der verdichteten Platte gesteuert wird.
EP04740798A 2003-07-07 2004-07-05 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramischen fliesen oder platten mit kontrollierter dicke Active EP1641607B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04740798T PL1641607T3 (pl) 2003-07-07 2004-07-05 Sposób i urządzenie do formowania ceramicznych płytek lub dachówek o kontrolowanej grubości

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000071A ITRE20030071A1 (it) 2003-07-07 2003-07-07 Metodo ed impianto per la formatura di lastre o
PCT/EP2004/007495 WO2005005115A1 (en) 2003-07-07 2004-07-05 Method and plant for forming ceramic slabs or tiles of controlled thickness

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1641607A1 EP1641607A1 (de) 2006-04-05
EP1641607B1 true EP1641607B1 (de) 2008-08-20

Family

ID=34044559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04740798A Active EP1641607B1 (de) 2003-07-07 2004-07-05 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramischen fliesen oder platten mit kontrollierter dicke

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1641607B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100563962C (de)
AT (1) ATE405396T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0411718B1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004015988D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2311828T3 (de)
IT (1) ITRE20030071A1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA05014130A (de)
PL (1) PL1641607T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1641607E (de)
RU (1) RU2397065C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2005005115A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202000013582A1 (it) 2020-06-08 2021-12-08 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici
IT202000013594A1 (it) 2020-06-08 2021-12-08 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici
US11345060B2 (en) 2016-09-16 2022-05-31 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Method and apparatus for forming compacted powder products
EP4331798A2 (de) 2016-06-13 2024-03-06 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verdichten von keramischem pulver

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101376254B (zh) * 2007-08-29 2012-01-04 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种实心板压花系统
CN102615696A (zh) * 2012-04-13 2012-08-01 河南省四达仙龙实业有限公司 一种预制板成型拉模机
GB2510340B (en) 2013-01-30 2017-12-06 Rtl Mat Ltd Apparatus and method for manufacturing a composite product from plural components
WO2017085597A1 (en) * 2015-11-16 2017-05-26 System S.P.A. A forming element for ceramic articles
CN106079037A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-11-09 徐春雷 一种压实固体疏松物料以成型板坯的装置及方法
CN106239702B (zh) * 2016-09-27 2020-04-14 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 一种连续成型陶瓷压砖机及其生产工艺
CN106738212B (zh) * 2017-01-10 2019-07-12 佛山市赛普飞特机械有限公司 一种陶瓷粉料连续预压辊成型机
IT201800006678A1 (it) * 2018-06-26 2019-12-26 Metodo ed impianto per la realizzazione di prodotti ceramici
RU2019128285A (ru) 2018-09-17 2021-03-09 Сакми Кооператива Мекканичи Имола Сочьета' Кооператива Машина и способ для уплотнения порошкового материала
MX2021003218A (es) * 2018-09-21 2021-05-12 Sacmi Maquina y metodo para compactar un material en polvo.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06320520A (ja) * 1993-05-17 1994-11-22 Kubota Corp 板状の建築要素の製造設備
IT1269274B (it) * 1994-11-22 1997-03-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Metodo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche ed impianto relativo
IT1287505B1 (it) * 1996-11-22 1998-08-06 Algeri Maris Metodo e mezzi per la pressatura di piastrelle ceramiche.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4331798A2 (de) 2016-06-13 2024-03-06 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verdichten von keramischem pulver
US11345060B2 (en) 2016-09-16 2022-05-31 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Method and apparatus for forming compacted powder products
IT202000013582A1 (it) 2020-06-08 2021-12-08 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici
IT202000013594A1 (it) 2020-06-08 2021-12-08 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005005115A1 (en) 2005-01-20
BRPI0411718B1 (pt) 2015-07-14
EP1641607A1 (de) 2006-04-05
RU2397065C2 (ru) 2010-08-20
RU2005140057A (ru) 2007-08-20
CN1809448A (zh) 2006-07-26
PL1641607T3 (pl) 2009-04-30
ES2311828T3 (es) 2009-02-16
DE602004015988D1 (de) 2008-10-02
ITRE20030071A1 (it) 2005-01-08
MXPA05014130A (es) 2006-03-13
PT1641607E (pt) 2008-10-21
ATE405396T1 (de) 2008-09-15
CN100563962C (zh) 2009-12-02
BRPI0411718A (pt) 2006-08-08

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