EP1585620B1 - Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramikplatten oder -fliesen - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramikplatten oder -fliesen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1585620B1
EP1585620B1 EP03815376A EP03815376A EP1585620B1 EP 1585620 B1 EP1585620 B1 EP 1585620B1 EP 03815376 A EP03815376 A EP 03815376A EP 03815376 A EP03815376 A EP 03815376A EP 1585620 B1 EP1585620 B1 EP 1585620B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
powders
plant
powder
controlling
force exerted
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EP03815376A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1585620A1 (de
Inventor
Pietro Rivola
Alessandro Cocquio
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Sacmi Imola SC
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Sacmi Imola SC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method for manufacturing ceramic tiles or slabs, and in particular to a method for forming said slabs and the relative plant for its implementation.
  • Ceramic tile forming methods consisting of depositing a continuous layer of powders on a flexible belt with which walls are associated to laterally retain the powders.
  • the belt on which said layer of powders is created is then advanced through a pressing station of continuous type, which compacts the powders on the flexible belt to obtain a coherent article of compacted powders.
  • the article On termination of compacting, the article is divided into blanks, and possibly subjected to a second pressing.
  • the pressing station generally comprises both powder compacting means, in the form of rollers or compacting belts, and means for controlling the expansion of the material on termination of compacting.
  • said compacting means and said expansion control means are adjustable in height to enable the thickness of the article to be varied.
  • the height adjustment of the compacting means ensures planarity of the article, and a constant compacting ratio in the transverse direction, but gives no assurance with regard to the mechanical characteristics of the article, which are a function of the maximum pressure with which the compacting means act on the powders.
  • the thickness of the strip of powders deposited on the belt varies both in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction either for aesthetic reasons or because of loading defects, or that for the same thickness the powders have a particle size distribution or other physical characteristics different in the transverse direction and hence are compacted to a different extent in the transverse direction.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the known art within the framework of a simple and rational solution.
  • US 3 991 149 discloses a method for the manufacture of ceramic items and particularly concerns improvements in the manufacture of thin flat ceramic substrates by the tape casting process.
  • the ceramic items which the such document refers to are thin flat ceramic items developed to meet the need for capacitor dielectrics and for substrates in microelectronic and semiconductor circuitry, among other uses.
  • a roller is used in order to smooth out variations in thickness of the cast slip, the location of and pressure exerted by the roller being critical elements of this prior device.
  • the value of the predetermined force is critical to the successful practice of the method.
  • the force must be sufficient to redistribute the surface of the layer in contact with the roller into a straight line but not so great as to break the surface skin.
  • This device leaves open problems that are specific of ceramic powder compressing.
  • the invention attains said object by providing a method for forming ceramic tiles according to claims 1 and 9.
  • the powder pressing step comprises both compacting said powders and controlling the expansion of said powders after compacting.
  • the force exerted on said powders during pressing can be controlled either during powder compacting alone or during powder expansion control alone or during both.
  • the plant of the invention can be used both for obtaining a completely compacted article, and for obtaining a pre-compacted article which must then be subjected to a second pressing.
  • the invention also includes a plant for implementing the aforesaid method.
  • This plant comprises a conveyor belt on which a continuous strip of material in powder form is created and which is arranged to advance said strip through a pressing station provided with means for laterally retaining the material on said belt, means being associated with said pressing station to control the force exerted on said powders.
  • said pressing station comprises compacting means enabling the powders to be continuously compacted on the belt advancing through the station, with which said compaction control means are associated.
  • Said continuous compacting means can be either in the form of a compacting roller or in the form of a compacting belt.
  • said pressing station also comprises, downstream of said continuous compacting means, a device for controlling the expansion of the material after compaction.
  • the means for controlling the force exerted on the powders comprises a control unit for at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit with which the powder compaction means or said device for controlling material expansion after compaction are associated.
  • said expansion means comprise a flexible plate, with which a plurality of hydraulic cylinder-piston units controlled by said control unit are associated.
  • said hydraulic cylinder-piston units can be disposed in several parallel rows to enable the force exerted on the powders to be also controlled along the powder advancement direction.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side section through the plant of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a detail of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is the section III-III of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 4 is the section IV-IV of Figure 2 .
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a detail of a variant of the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-section through Figure 5 .
  • Figure 7 shows an enlarged detail of Figure 6 .
  • Said figures show the plant 1, which comprises a motorized lower conveyor belt 2 on which a continuous strip 100 of powders is deposited by usual devices of known type, and hence not shown.
  • the belt passes through a pressing station 3, the purpose of which is to compact the powders of the strip 100 to obtain an article, of substantially parallelepiped form, of coherent material.
  • the article can form the final tile, or a pre-compacted slab which must then be subjected to a second pressing.
  • the article can be decorated if required and then divided into blanks of suitable dimensions depending on the final product size to be obtained.
  • the pressing station 3 comprises a powder compaction first zone 30, downstream of which there is a second zone 31 in which the article formed in the compaction zone 30 is decompressed.
  • the powder compaction zone 30 comprises two mutually superposed motorized compactor devices 4 and 5, one of which is positioned below the belt 2 and the other above it at a distance from the belt 2 which can be adjusted on the basis of the thickness of the powder strip to be compacted and of the pressure at which pressing is to be carried out.
  • Each of the compactors 4 and 5 is provided with a motorized roller and an idle roller, indicated respectively by the reference numerals 40, 41 and 50, 51, about which there passes a respective band 42, 52.
  • a roller table 43 and 53 consisting of a plurality of idle rollers, the purpose of which is to maintain the bands 42 and 52 pressed to compact the strip of powder material.
  • the roller table 53 is inclined in the direction of advancement of the belt 2 so as to make the compaction of the strip powders gradual.
  • roller tables 43 and 53 Downstream of the roller tables 43 and 53 there are provided two opposing rollers 6 and 7, of which the roller 6 is positioned below the band 42, whereas the roller 7 is positioned above the band 43 and presses this latter against the powder strip 100 advancing on the belt 2.
  • the roller 7 is associated with two hydraulic cylinder-piston units 8 and 9 supported by a frame 10 and arranged to transmit a controlled force to the roller 7, in order to regulate the pressure which said roller exerts on the powder strip 100.
  • the cylinder-piston units 8 and 9 are connected by a hydraulic circuit 11 to a control unit 12 comprising a pump 13 for delivering a fluid, typically oil, under pressure, a pressure regulating valve 14 provided with a pressure transducer in feedback, and a pressure gauge 15 measuring the pressure in the feed circuit of the cylinder-piston units.
  • the roller 7 separates the compaction zone 30 for the powder strip 100 from the subsequent decompression zone 31 in which the powder strip 100 expands in a controlled manner to prevent cracks arising in the compacted article.
  • said decompression zone 31 comprises two superposed plates 16 and 17, of which the lower plate 17 is positioned below the belt 2 and the upper plate 16 is positioned above the belt 2, in contact with the band 52.
  • the lower plate 17 is fixed and horizontal, whereas the plate 16 is supported on a crosspiece 18 by hydraulic cylinder-piston units 19 which enable the force exerted on the powders by the plate to be regulated.
  • the plate 16 can also swivel about the cylinder-piston units so that it can be inclined to the belt 2 to enable the compacted strip of powders to expand with a very small deformation gradient compatible with the intrinsic characteristics of the powders.
  • the cylinder-piston units 19 are connected by a hydraulic circuit 21 to a control unit 20 identical with the control unit 12 shown in Figure 4 .
  • the pressing station also comprises lateral powder retention means, which in the illustrated embodiment are in the form of two parallel deformable straps 60 associated with the compactor device 5.
  • each of the two straps passes partially about the compactor device 5 and about deviator wheels 101, 102 and 103.
  • the deviator wheels are of adjustable distance apart, in order to be able to vary the dimension of the strip of compacted powders in the direction perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the belt in accordance with the format to be obtained.
  • the decompression zone 31 comprises a fixed body 32 supporting a flexible plate 35 via a plurality of hydraulic cylinder-piston units 36.
  • each cylinder-piston unit comprises a cylinder, consisting of a cavity 320 present in the body 32, within which there slides a piston 321 the base of which is fixed to the flexible plate 35.
  • the plate 35 is fixed by screws 37, each of which is received in a socket piece 38 inserted into a hole 39 in the plate 35.
  • the socket piece 38 is substantially smaller than the hole 39, so that the plate can undergo small swivel movements relative to the support body 32.
  • the plane in which the plate lies during plant operation depends on the inclination of the band 52.
  • All the cavities 320 are connected to a hydraulic circuit 49 connected to a control unit 20.
  • the plate 35 behaves as an isostatic buffer, to distribute the force uniformly over the powders both in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Keramikfliesen unter Verwendung von Keramikpulvermaterialien, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Arbeitsschritte:
    a. Ablegen auf einem Förderband (2) einer durchgehenden Pulverschicht (100) mit dem Band (2) zugeordneten Mitteln (60) zur seitlichen Halterung der Pulverschicht,
    b. Pressen der Pulverschicht, um ein einheitliches Erzeugnis aus verdichtetem Pulver durch Fortlaufen des Förderbands (2) durch eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Pressstation (3) zu erhalten,
    c. Kontrolle der auf das Pulver (100) beim Pressvorgang einwirkenden Kraft durch Plattenmittel (16, 35).
  2. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Pressen des Pulvers (100) sowohl die Verdichtung des Pulvers (100) als auch die kontrollierte Ausdehnung des Pulvers (100) nach der Verdichtung beinhaltet.
  3. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolle der während des Pressvorgangs auf das Pulver (100) einwirkenden Kraft dem Schritt der Pulververdichtung zugeordnet ist.
  4. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolle der während des Pressvorgangs auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kraft dem Schritt der Pulverausdehnung zugeordnet ist.
  5. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolle der während des Pressvorgangs auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kraft den beiden Schritten der Pulververdichtung und der Pulverausdehnung zugeordnet ist.
  6. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulververdichtung in der Pressstation progressiv in der Pulvervorschubrichtung stattfindet.
  7. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erzeugnis oder die daraus entstehenden Zuschnitte einer zweiten Pressung unterworfen werden.
  8. Ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolle der Materialausdehnung wenigstens in senkrechter Richtung zu der Oberfläche des Artikels stattfindet, welche die größten Abmessungen aufweist.
  9. Eine Anlage (1) zur Herstellung von Keramikfliesen oder -platten aus Keramikpulvermaterialien, einschließlich eines Förderbandes (2), auf dem eine durchgehende Schicht aus Pulvermaterial erzeugt wird und das so angeordnet ist, dass es diese Schicht durch eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Pressstation (3) schiebt, welche eine Verdichtung der Pulverschicht auf dem Förderband ermöglicht, um ein einheitliches Erzeugnis aus verdichtetem Pulver zu erhalten, wobei der Pressstation Mittel (60) zugeordnet werden zur seitlichen Halterung des Materials auf dem Förderband, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pressstation (3) mit Plattenmitteln (16, 35) zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kräfte versehen ist.
  10. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pressstation (3) einen ersten Bereich zur Verdichtung des Pulvers (100) und einen zweiten Bereich zur Dekomprimierung des Pulvers (100) beinhaltet.
  11. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver (100) einwirkenden Kraft dem ersten Verdichtungsbereich zugeordnet sind.
  12. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver (100) einwirkenden Kraft dem zweiten Dekomprimierungsbereich zugeordnet sind.
  13. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kraft sowohl dem ersten Verdichtungsbereich als auch dem zweiten Dekomprimierungsbereich zugeordnet sind.
  14. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kraft eine Einheit (12) zur Kontrolle wenigstens einer hydraulischen Zylinderkolbeneinheit (8) beinhalten, der die Pulververdichtungsmittel zugeordnet sind.
  15. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verdichtungsmittel wenigstens eine Verdichtungsrolle beinhalten.
  16. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kontrolle der auf das Pulver einwirkenden Kraft eine Einheit zur Kontrolle wenigstens einer hydraulischen Zylinderkolbeneinheit beinhalten, der die Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Ausdehnung des verdichteten Pulvers zugeordnet ist.
  17. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Ausdehnung des verdichteten Pulvers wenigstens eine Platte (17) beinhaltet.
  18. Eine Anlage nach Patentanspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Ausdehnung des verdichteten Pulvers eine Platte (17) beinhaltet, die einer Vielzahl paralleler hydraulischer Zylinderkolbeneinheiten (19) zugeordnet ist, die in zahlreichen Reihen angeordnet sind.
  19. Eine Anlage nach den Patentansprüchen 14 und 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolleinheit (12) für wenigstens eine Zylinderkolbeneinheit wenigstens eine Pumpe (13) zum Fördern einer unter Druck stehenden Flüssigkeit und ein Ventil (14) zur Druckregulierung der Flüssigkeit beinhaltet.
EP03815376A 2003-01-20 2003-12-23 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramikplatten oder -fliesen Expired - Lifetime EP1585620B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000004A ITRE20030004A1 (it) 2003-01-20 2003-01-20 Metodo ed impianto per la formatura di lastre o piastrelle ceramiche.
ITRE20030004 2003-01-20
PCT/EP2003/014875 WO2004065085A1 (en) 2003-01-20 2003-12-23 Method and plant for forming ceramic slabs or tiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1585620A1 EP1585620A1 (de) 2005-10-19
EP1585620B1 true EP1585620B1 (de) 2010-02-17

Family

ID=29267115

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03815376A Expired - Lifetime EP1585620B1 (de) 2003-01-20 2003-12-23 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von keramikplatten oder -fliesen

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1585620B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1738705B (de)
AT (1) ATE457860T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003296730A1 (de)
BR (1) BR0317770B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60331361D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2339939T3 (de)
IT (1) ITRE20030004A1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA05007560A (de)
PT (1) PT1585620E (de)
RU (1) RU2370363C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2004065085A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20070231A1 (it) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-11 System Spa Processo per la realizzazione di pannelli solari.
ITRE20110079A1 (it) * 2011-10-07 2013-04-08 Sacmi Dispositivo per la compattazione di materiale in polvere
CN104149171B (zh) * 2014-08-22 2017-03-22 柳州市杰特建材有限责任公司 水泥板滚压机
ITUA20161363A1 (it) * 2016-03-04 2017-09-04 System Spa Dispositivo di pressatura
ITUA20164307A1 (it) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-13 Sacmi Macchina e metodo per la compattazione di polvere ceramica
IT201600091618A1 (it) 2016-09-12 2018-03-12 Sacmi Dispositivo per la compattazione di materiale in polvere, in particolare materiale ceramico
CN106239702B (zh) * 2016-09-27 2020-04-14 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 一种连续成型陶瓷压砖机及其生产工艺
IT201600105117A1 (it) * 2016-10-19 2018-04-19 Sacmi Macchina per la compattazione di materiale in polvere
IT201700026199A1 (it) * 2017-03-09 2018-09-09 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici
IT201800007737A1 (it) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-01 Sacmi Cooperativa Mecc Imola Societa' Cooperativa Metodo per la compattazione di materiale in polvere
RU2019128285A (ru) * 2018-09-17 2021-03-09 Сакми Кооператива Мекканичи Имола Сочьета' Кооператива Машина и способ для уплотнения порошкового материала
CN109291218A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-01 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 一种全自动升降式辊压机
CN219153230U (zh) * 2022-08-24 2023-06-09 科达制造股份有限公司 释放梁倾角可控的陶瓷辊压设备

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB640018A (en) * 1946-07-03 1950-07-12 Atlas Products N Z Ltd Improvements in method of and apparatus for the manufacture of roofing tiles and thelike
US3991149A (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-11-09 Steven Hurwitt Method for controlling the thickness of ceramic tape
AU592279B2 (en) * 1987-05-22 1990-01-04 Intelhearts Co. Ltd. Method of producing a porous ceramic panel
GB2277707B (en) * 1993-04-29 1996-07-03 Redland Technology Ltd Improvements in a roof tile making machine
IT1269274B (it) * 1994-11-22 1997-03-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Metodo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche ed impianto relativo
IT1292873B1 (it) * 1997-04-23 1999-02-11 Sacmi Apparecchiatura per la pressatura di piastrelle ceramiche a due strati

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60331361D1 (de) 2010-04-01
RU2005124027A (ru) 2006-03-20
AU2003296730A1 (en) 2004-08-13
ATE457860T1 (de) 2010-03-15
CN1738705B (zh) 2010-05-26
RU2370363C2 (ru) 2009-10-20
BR0317770A (pt) 2005-11-22
BR0317770B1 (pt) 2012-12-11
MXPA05007560A (es) 2005-09-21
WO2004065085A1 (en) 2004-08-05
CN1738705A (zh) 2006-02-22
PT1585620E (pt) 2010-04-23
ITRE20030004A1 (it) 2004-07-21
ES2339939T3 (es) 2010-05-27
EP1585620A1 (de) 2005-10-19
ITRE20030004A0 (it) 2003-01-20

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