EP1611407A2 - Wärmetauscher und verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung eines solchen - Google Patents
Wärmetauscher und verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung eines solchenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1611407A2 EP1611407A2 EP04718303A EP04718303A EP1611407A2 EP 1611407 A2 EP1611407 A2 EP 1611407A2 EP 04718303 A EP04718303 A EP 04718303A EP 04718303 A EP04718303 A EP 04718303A EP 1611407 A2 EP1611407 A2 EP 1611407A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- exchanger according
- nanoparticles
- coating
- surface coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 alkoxy radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/04—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for surface treatment of such.
- the drainage of the condensate from the surface can be supported by a hydrophilic configuration of the surface of the heat exchanger, whereby a thin film of liquid is formed as a result of the hydrophilicity, which can continuously drain off the corrugated fin surface.
- the corrugated fin surface dries faster. There- the overall performance of the heat exchanger is maintained or improved.
- EP 115 40 42 A1 discloses an agent for chemical surface treatment and of heat exchangers, silicate particles with an average diameter of 5 to 1000 nm and polyvinyl alcohol in aqueous solution being applied to the surface of heat exchangers. To pre-treat the surface, it is first subjected to acid cleaning and then a conversion layer containing chrome or zirconium is built up. The heat exchanger prepared in this way is connected to the above. coated hydrophilic chemicals so that the surface treated accordingly has hydrophilic properties.
- the preferably hydrophilic surface coating in particular in the case of a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, has a gel, the gel advantageously being applied in the case of a sol-gel coating.
- the gel can contain nanoparticles, coated nanoparticles and / or grafted nanoparticles.
- a hydrophilic surface coating ensures that a thin, closed liquid film forms on the surface, which can flow continuously from the corrugated fin surface or from the washers / tubes of the heat exchanger. This results in a self-cleaning effect or rinsing effect, as a result of which a permanent accumulation of dust and dirt, and a colonization of microorganisms on the surface of the heat exchanger can be avoided.
- the corrugated fin surface dries faster.
- the surface coating has, in addition to or instead of the hydrophilic effect, one or more other advantageous effects, such as, for example, a corrosion-inhibiting or preventing effect.
- Preferred starting materials in the sol-gel process are alkoxy compounds of elements of main group 3, e.g. Aluminum, boron, indium, and / or elements of the 4th main group, e.g. Silicon, tin, and / or transition metals, preferably the IV subgroup, such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium and / or the V subgroup, such as vanadium, Niobium, tantalum, are used.
- elements of main group 3 e.g. Aluminum, boron, indium, and / or elements of the 4th main group, e.g. Silicon, tin, and / or transition metals, preferably the IV subgroup, such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium and / or the V subgroup, such as vanadium, Niobium, tantalum, are used.
- alkoxy compounds part of the hydrolyzable alkoxy radicals is preferably replaced by alkyl and / or aryl radicals, or a mixture of pure alkoxy compounds and alkoxy compounds which partly contain alkyl and / or aryl radicals is provided.
- These compounds are preferably halogenated, particularly preferably fluorinated.
- the hydrophilic surface coating preferably has nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles preferably consist approximately of 100% or completely of oxides.
- coated nanoparticles instead of or in addition to oxides, which are provided at least in the core of the coated nanoparticles, other compounds can also be present in the coating.
- the coating of the nanoparticles can include organic and / or inorganic components, as well as antimicrobial organic and / or inorganic components.
- the grafted-on nanoparticles are nanoparticles with a core with or made of oxides, which carry side groups. These side groups are chemically bound to the surface of the nanoparticle core, for example via oxygen or nitrogen bridges.
- bifunctional compounds for example diamines and / or dialcohols, are used. This allows the surface properties properties of a nanoparticle can be varied (eg hydrophobic, hydrophilic, stabilization in the dispersion or solution).
- a polymer chain with a reactive side chain which contains, for example, an OH or COOH or OR group, or a reactive group which has not reacted in the polymer network, for example OH or COOH or OR, can be grafted onto the nanoparticle.
- the nanoparticles preferably contain, for the sake of simplicity, to be understood below as meaning coated and / or grafted-on nanoparticles, unless expressly stated otherwise, oxides and / or oxide hydrates and / or nitrides and / or carbides.
- Oxides of the elements of the main II group and / or the III main group and / or oxides of germanium, tin, lead and / or oxides of the transition metals, preferably the IV and V subgroup, and / or oxides of zinc and / or are preferably / or provided by cerium.
- the oxide hydrates, nitrides and carbides preferably consist of elements from the III main group and / or IV main group and / or from transition metals, preferably from the IV and V subgroup, and / or from zinc and / or from cerium.
- the nanoparticles coated nanoparticles and the grafted nanoparticles Preferably have an average diameter of 1 to 1000 nm, in particular between 50 and 500 nm.
- the surface coating preferably has antimicrobial components. These can be part of the nanoparticles, for example in the case of grafted or coated nanoparticles, or they can be contained in the remaining part of the surface coating. Such additives improve the antimicrobial effect of the surface coating and prevent a settlement of microorganisms on the surface of the heat exchanger or at least hinder such.
- the surface coating is preferably applied by dipping, flooding or spraying.
- Pre-treatment is preferably carried out by means of acidic or alkaline pickling with subsequent pickling and / or conversion treatment. This pretreatment is also preferably carried out by dipping, flooding or spraying.
- the conversion treatment serves to build up passivation layers that form a very firm bond with the surface, for example by forming mixed oxides. Such a passivation layer prevents corrosion attack, among other things.
- Drying can take place after the pretreatment and a drying process is necessary after the actual surface coating.
- Fig. 1 shows a section through the near-surface area of a
- Fig. 2 shows a section through the near-surface area of a
- Heat exchanger with a B ⁇ 7 layering according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows the near-surface area of a corrugated fin plate 1 of an aluminum heat exchanger according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is provided with a hydrophilic surface coating 2.
- This surface coating 2 is formed from a sol which contains nanoparticles 3 made of essentially pure aluminum oxide.
- the nanoparticles 3 have an average diameter of between 10 and 100 nm and are relatively evenly distributed in the entire surface coating 2.
- the sol has alkoxy compounds of aluminum, a mixture of series alkoxy compounds and alkoxy compounds in which part of the hydrolyzable alkoxy radicals has been replaced by alkyl radicals being used.
- the surface coating 2 is applied after surface cleaning with an acidic stain by immersion in a colloidal sol solution in which aluminum oxide nanoparticles are dispersed. A drying process is then carried out.
- FIG. 2 shows a region near the surface of a corrugated rib plate 11 of a heat exchanger according to a second exemplary embodiment.
- a conversion layer 14 is provided between a hydrophilic surface coating 12, which contains nanoparticles 13.
- the conversion layer 14 has, inter alia, mixed oxides of aluminum and zirconium.
- the nanoparticles 13 are so-called grafted nanoparticles which carry side groups.
- Is 13 contain the nanoparticle 'kel an oxide-containing core of bifunctional organic compounds which are chemically bonded on the surface of the nanoparticle core, surrounded.
- the bifunctional organic compounds have, among other things, antimicrobial side groups.
- the actual surface coating 12 consists, as in the first embodiment, of a gel.
- the oxide-containing core of the grafted-on nanoparticles 13 essentially consists of zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide.
- the surface for the application of the actual surface coating 13 this is provided with the mixed oxides of aluminum and zirconium-containing conversion layer 14.
- a chemical containing zirconium is applied by means of dipping, and mixed oxides of aluminum and zirconium are formed, so that a very firm bond is formed with the surface.
- the surface coating 12 is applied by dipping with a sol-nanoparticle dispersion containing the nanoparticles 13. Another drying process is then carried out.
- the surface is coated with a sol which contains no nanoparticles.
- the sol has alkoxy compounds of silicon, a mixture of pure alkoxy compounds and alkoxy compounds in which some of the hydrolyzable alkoxy radicals have been replaced by alkyl radicals being used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10314775 | 2003-03-31 | ||
PCT/EP2004/002336 WO2004087338A2 (de) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-08 | Wärmetauscher und verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung eines solchen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1611407A2 true EP1611407A2 (de) | 2006-01-04 |
Family
ID=32980909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04718303A Withdrawn EP1611407A2 (de) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-08 | Wärmetauscher und verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung eines solchen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060196644A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1611407A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2006522303A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1768245A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004011544A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004087338A2 (de) |
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JP2009513350A (ja) | 2003-06-25 | 2009-04-02 | ベール ゲーエムベーハー ウント コー カーゲー | 金属構成部品を半田付けするための融剤 |
WO2006029616A1 (de) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-23 | Peter Vinz | Wärmeübertragungswand mit multifunktionellen nanostrukturierten oberflächenüberzügen |
DE102004058089A1 (de) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-08 | Klingenburg Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Grundierung auf Aluminiumbahnen bzw. -bändern |
DE102005023771A1 (de) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | R. Scheuchl Gmbh | Wärmeaustauscher |
DE102005035704A1 (de) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-01 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zu verlötende Oberfläche |
DE102005043730A1 (de) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abgaswärmetauscher |
DE102006006770A1 (de) | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Leiteinrichtung, insbesondere Wellrippe, für einen Wärmeübertrager |
EP1953488A1 (de) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verdunstungskühler und dessen Verwednung, sowie Gasturbinenanlage mit einem Verdunstungskühler |
CN101556126B (zh) * | 2008-04-09 | 2011-08-17 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | 具有高热传导效率和抗垢能力的膜及其制备方法 |
DE102009013054A1 (de) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmetauscher |
US9701177B2 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2017-07-11 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Ceramic coated automotive heat exchanger components |
KR20120089661A (ko) | 2009-09-02 | 2012-08-13 | 프레지던트 앤드 펠로우즈 오브 하바드 칼리지 | 분출 및 다른 기술을 사용하여 생성되는 다중 에멀션 |
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WO2011037807A2 (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-31 | Carrier Corporation | Dual powder coating method and system |
SA111320468B1 (ar) * | 2010-05-26 | 2015-04-01 | الفا لافال كوربوريت ايه بي | ألواح مبادل حراري ذات خصائص مضادة للانسداد |
EP2714254B1 (de) | 2011-05-23 | 2017-09-06 | President and Fellows of Harvard College | Kontrolle von emulsionen, einschliesslich mehrerer emulsionen |
JP2014522718A (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2014-09-08 | プレジデント アンド フェローズ オブ ハーバード カレッジ | 多相エマルションおよび多相エマルション形成法 |
CN103946667A (zh) | 2011-11-28 | 2014-07-23 | 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 | 具有防结垢性质的螺旋热交换器 |
DK2597412T3 (da) | 2011-11-28 | 2014-08-11 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Blok-type pladevarmeveksler med begroningshæmmende egenskaber |
CN104748604B (zh) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-07-13 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | 一种带有疏水带的珠状凝结强化换热表面结构 |
WO2018067679A1 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of making and using heat exchangers |
EP3657118B1 (de) * | 2017-07-19 | 2023-12-06 | LG Electronics Inc. | Wärmetauscher |
CN111692741B (zh) | 2019-08-01 | 2021-09-28 | 浙江三花智能控制股份有限公司 | 换热器及其制备方法、换热系统 |
CN110763066B (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-09-29 | 浙江大学 | 余热锅炉换热管 |
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DE102020112185A1 (de) | 2020-05-06 | 2021-11-11 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Wärmeübertrager für ein Fahrzeug |
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DE10051486A1 (de) * | 2000-10-17 | 2002-04-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Haftvermittler für Lacke und Klebstoffe auf Metallen |
DE10115161A1 (de) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Reiniger für Magnesium, Aluminium und deren Legierungen |
DE10131723A1 (de) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
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2004
- 2004-03-08 US US10/551,183 patent/US20060196644A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-08 EP EP04718303A patent/EP1611407A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-08 DE DE200410011544 patent/DE102004011544A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-08 CN CN200480008964.5A patent/CN1768245A/zh active Pending
- 2004-03-08 JP JP2006504576A patent/JP2006522303A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-08 WO PCT/EP2004/002336 patent/WO2004087338A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004087338A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2006522303A (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
WO2004087338A2 (de) | 2004-10-14 |
US20060196644A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 |
DE102004011544A1 (de) | 2004-10-14 |
WO2004087338A3 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
CN1768245A (zh) | 2006-05-03 |
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