EP1566868A2 - Dispositif dérivateur de surtensions et dispositif d'allumage pour dispositif dérivateur de surtensions - Google Patents

Dispositif dérivateur de surtensions et dispositif d'allumage pour dispositif dérivateur de surtensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1566868A2
EP1566868A2 EP05003261A EP05003261A EP1566868A2 EP 1566868 A2 EP1566868 A2 EP 1566868A2 EP 05003261 A EP05003261 A EP 05003261A EP 05003261 A EP05003261 A EP 05003261A EP 1566868 A2 EP1566868 A2 EP 1566868A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
electrodes
overvoltage protection
ignition element
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05003261A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1566868A3 (fr
EP1566868B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Durth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1566868A2 publication Critical patent/EP1566868A2/fr
Publication of EP1566868A3 publication Critical patent/EP1566868A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1566868B1 publication Critical patent/EP1566868B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an overvoltage protection element for deriving transient overvoltages, with at least two electrodes, with at least an arranged between the electrodes ignition element of insulating Material and with an effective between the electrodes air breakdown spark gap, wherein upon ignition of the air breakdown spark gap an arc is created between the two electrodes.
  • the invention also relates to an ignition element for use in an overvoltage protection element.
  • Overvoltages are all voltages above the upper tolerance limit of the rated voltage. These include in particular, the transient overvoltages due to atmospheric Discharge, but also by switching operations or short circuits in Power supply networks can occur and galvanic, inductive or capacitive can be coupled into electrical circuits.
  • electronic Measuring, control, regulating and switching circuits, especially telecommunications equipment and facilities, wherever they are used To protect against transient overvoltages are overvoltage protection element or overvoltage protection devices have been developed and since known for over twenty years.
  • Essential component of overvoltage protection elements here in speech standing type is at least one spark gap, which at a certain Overvoltage, the response voltage, responds and thus prevents in the protected by an overvoltage protection circuit Overvoltages occur that are greater than the response voltage of the spark gap are.
  • the overvoltage protection element according to the invention two electrodes and one existing between the two electrodes or effective air breakdown spark gap has.
  • Air Punch Spark gap is generally a breakdown spark gap meant; it should also be covered by a breakdown spark gap, not air, but another gas between the electrodes is available.
  • overvoltage protection elements with an air breakdown spark gap there are overvoltage protection elements with an air flashover spark gap, in which when responding a sliding discharge occurs.
  • German Patent Application 198 03 636 is an overvoltage protection element or an overvoltage protection device with two electrodes, with an effective air-breakdown spark gap between the two electrodes and a starting aid known.
  • the ignition aid is designed as an "active ignition aid", namely the fact that in addition to the two electrodes - there as main electrodes designated - two ignition electrodes are still provided. These two ignition electrodes form a second, serving as a spark gap air breakdown spark gap.
  • this known overvoltage protection device belongs to the Zünd Anlagen except the spark gap still Ignition circuit with an ignition switch. In case of overvoltage at the known overvoltage protection device ensures the ignition circuit the ignition switching element for a response of the spark gap.
  • the Spark gap or the two ignition electrodes are in relation to the two Main electrodes arranged such that in that the spark gap has addressed the air breakdown spark gap between the two main electrodes responds.
  • the response of the spark gap results in an ionization of the existing in the air breakdown spark gap Air, so that - abruptly - after response of the spark gap then the air breakdown spark gap between the two main electrodes responds.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, an overvoltage protection element to provide the type described above, in which particularly simple and effective way a relatively low and As constant as possible operating voltage can be guaranteed. That too used ignition element should be as simple and therefore cost can be produced.
  • the overvoltage protection element according to the invention in which the previously indicated Task is now initially and essentially characterized that the ignition element is arranged and designed so that between the two electrodes an area of weakened insulation (ignition area) is provided and that when applying a voltage to the ignition element a discharge on the surface of the ignition element to a conductive Connection between the two leads leads, where the conductive Compound has a low current carrying capacity.
  • the ignition element is chosen or dimensioned so that when a concern Voltage greater than the response voltage of the overvoltage protection element is, a sliding discharge occurs on the surface of the ignition element, leading to a conductive connection between the two - on the ignition element adjacent - electrodes leads. At a load of this conductive Connection with a leakage current occurs then due to the low Current carrying capacity of the conductive connection to a "burning" of the conductive Connection. By this "burning" the ignition area is ionized, so that it - abruptly - to ignite the air breakdown spark gap comes between the two electrodes.
  • the invention differs Overvoltage protection element substantially from the known Overvoltage protection elements.
  • an element between the two electrodes to arrange insulating material, but this element exists accordingly his role as a stamper made of an insulating material, which also at a pending arc the desired isolation between the two Permanently ensured electrodes.
  • DE 42 44 051 A1 is indeed also an overvoltage protection element is known in which between the two Electrodes an ignition element made of insulating material is arranged in this known overvoltage protection element is the ignition of the air breakdown spark gap but only in that on the ignition element a Sliding discharge occurs.
  • the known overvoltage protection element is due to the arrangement of the ignition element between the two electrodes thus realizing an auxiliary air flashover spark gap; a conductive Connection between the two electrodes via the ignition element is against not provided.
  • the arrangement and design of the ignition element described above can preferably be effected in that the area of weakened insulation (Ignition) is realized by a recess in the ignition element.
  • the area of weakened insulation Ignition
  • the Ignition area edge form in the ignition element.
  • the ignition element may preferably be a plastic with a relatively low CTI value (Comperative Trecking Index) used become.
  • CTI value Comperative Trecking Index
  • POM overvoltage protection elements for the spacers arranged between the electrodes Plastics
  • the ignition element arranged and formed so that when queuing an arc between the electrodes, a charring of the surface of the ignition element occurs.
  • the surface of the ignition element is a conductive, applied low current carrying coating. This will be a ensures conductive connection between the two electrodes, which is independent from that by the discharge on the surface of the ignition element occurring charring is.
  • the coating can for example by a chemical, thermal or electrothermal charring of the Surface of the ignition element in the manufacture of the overvoltage protection element will be realized.
  • the overvoltage protection element advantageously a voltage switching element connected in series.
  • a voltage switching element in particular a gas-filled surge arrester, a varistor or a suppressor diode may be provided.
  • the voltage switching element is chosen or dimensioned so that it is in the Response voltage of the overvoltage protection device is conductive, ie "Switches". This is then due to the overvoltage protection element or on the two electrodes to the overvoltage, which then to the previously in detail described ignition of the air breakdown spark gap through the initiated by the ignition element initial ignition leads.
  • the ignition element described above, in particular in the previously described Overvoltage protection element can be used is characterized particularly simple and inexpensive to produce that the ignition element of at least two electrically conductive layers and at least one in between arranged insulating layer, wherein the insulating Layer by gluing or pressing with the electrically conductive Layers is connected and an area of weakened insulation (ignition area) having.
  • the preparation of the ignition element according to the invention can doing so according to the known manufacturing processes for multilayer Printed circuit boards (multilayer printed circuit boards) are carried out, and for the most part also the known materials, d. H. Copper foils for the electrically conductive Layers and polyimide foils or FR4 foils for the insulating layer can be used.
  • electrically conductive layers or films in particular copper foils and insulating foils, for example polyimide foils, allows very small distances between the conductive layers produce at very tight dimensional tolerances.
  • the electrically conductive Layers are so far apart from each other through the insulating layer space or isolate that the electrical insulation significantly above the in the worst case expected operating voltage of the overvoltage protection element lies.
  • both for the electrically conductive Layers and for the insulating layer of copper foils or polyimide films or FR4 transparencies available by default Thicknesses of 35 microns, 50 microns, 70 microns or 100 microns are used.
  • copper foils instead of copper foils, other metallic Foils or electrically conductive plastic films are used.
  • the area of weakened insulation (ignition area) in the insulating layer in which both the initial ignition and the actual ignition of the air breakdown spark gap can take place simply through a recess or a hole in the insulating layer and optionally additionally in one or both electrically conductive layers. It can be a Hole, which is conductive both in the insulating layer and in the two Layers is formed, for example, simply by a corresponding Be produced after lamination of the individual layers.
  • an overvoltage protection element according to the invention is only with regard to its basic structure shown.
  • To the illustrated overvoltage protection element include a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2, an ignition element 3 arranged between the two electrodes 1 and 2 and an existing between the two electrodes 1 and 2 or effective Air Punch Spark gap 4.
  • an Air Punch Spark gap 4 arises between the two electrodes 1 and 2 - not illustrated - arc over which the derived lightning current flows.
  • the ignition element 3 is now arranged so that between the two electrodes 1 and 2 an area of weakened insulation (ignition area) is formed, in the case of igniting the air breakdown spark gap 4 of the arc arises.
  • the ignition element 3 is designed so that when concerns a voltage on the ignition element 3, a discharge on the surface 5 of the ignition element 3 to a conductive connection between the two Leads electrodes 1 and 2, wherein the conductive compound only a small Current carrying capacity. Now start over this conductive connection a leakage current to flow, so it comes because of the low current carrying capacity the conductive connection to a burning of the conductive connection and thus to an ionization of the ignition area, resulting in a abrupt ignition of the air breakdown spark gap 4 leads.
  • the actual overvoltage protection element an additional voltage switching element 6, for example a varistor and / or a gas-filled surge arrester in Series switched.
  • the voltage switching element 6 is so dimensioned that it is at the response voltage of the overvoltage protection device becomes conductive.
  • the overvoltage protection device Occurs at the overvoltage protection device one Overvoltage, this leads to a switching of the voltage switching element 6, so that then the overvoltage is applied to the two electrodes 1 and 2, resulting in the above-described ignition of the air breakdown spark gap 4 due to the ignition triggered by the ignition of the ignition element 3 leads.
  • the voltage switching element prevents 6, that normally, d. H. if there is no overvoltage, a - then unwanted - current through the overvoltage protection element flows.
  • the ignition element 3 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 consists of two conductive Layers 7, 8 and an insulating layer 9 arranged between them, wherein the area of weakened insulation through a recess 10 in the insulating layer 9 is realized.
  • the recess for example, according to 1 and 3 may be formed as a central hole, can easily through Drilling or milling are made. It can - as a comparison 2 and 4 shows - the recess 10 either only in a conductive Layer 7 or be formed in two conductive layers 7, 8.
  • the production of the ignition element 3 according to the invention is now particularly special simply, that of producing multilayer printed circuit boards (Multilayer printed circuit boards) known manufacturing processes are applied can.
  • the conductive layers 7, 8, which may be for example to act standardized copper foils, with the insulating Layer 9 are connected by lamination.
  • the insulating Layer 9 are suitable for the production of multilayer printed circuit boards known materials, such as polyimide films or FR-4 films, with their standard available thicknesses of 35 to 100 ⁇ m. This allows the distance between the directly with the electrodes 1 and 2 Connectable conductive layers 7, 8 very low but still very accurate can be adjusted, whereby very low threshold voltages can be realized are.
  • the insulating layer 9 has a slight larger outer diameter than the conductive layers 7, 8, so that on Edge region 11 of the ignition element 3 by an extended creepage distance a Increased insulation is given, which prevents ignition in this area becomes.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a firing element 3, the more conductive Layers 7, 8 and a plurality of insulating layers 9 has.
  • the three conductive layers 7, 7 'and 7 "and the three conductive layers 8, 8 'and 8" are electrically connected to each other connected so that, although a total of six conductive layers 7, 7 ', 7 “and 8, 8 ', 8 "are present, but these have only two different potentials, wherein the two potentials are arranged alternately to each other and each separated by an insulating layer 9.
  • the ignition element 3 can manufacture variations due to the properties of the insulating layers 9 and thereby conditional Fluctuations in the response voltage of the ignition element 3 balanced become.
  • the initial ignition is always from the sectionzündelement 3 ' triggered that has the lowest operating voltage, d. H. otherwise same properties in the sectionzündelement 3 'with the thinnest insulating Layer 9.
  • the ignition element 3 a plurality of conductive layers 7, 7 ', 8, 8' and a plurality of insulating layers 9 on, wherein the conductive layers 7, 7 'and 8, 8' electrically connected to each other are, so that there are only two different potentials here.
  • the two different potentials do not alternate several times arranged.
  • the advantage of this embodiment compared to the embodiment As shown in FIG. 2 is that after the ignition of the air breakdown spark gap 4 of the arc directly on the outside conductive Layers 7, 8 skips so that a larger arc is present.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show two embodiments of an ignition element 3 with three horizontally one above the other (Fig. 7) and four horizontally next to each other arranged potentials (Fig. 8).
  • Such ignition elements 3 are suitable
  • the ignition element 3 of FIG. 7 a third conductive layer 13 provided by the second conductive Layer 8 is separated by a second insulating layer 14, so that the three conductive layers 7, 8, 13 have three different potentials.
  • conductive layers 8, 13, 15 and 16 are provided, each electrically not connected to each other.
  • the conductive layers 8, 13, 15 and 16 are each formed like a circle segment and side by side arranged, with the circular conductive layer 7 opposite to all is arranged.
  • For a pending overvoltage between the first conductive layer 7 and one of the other conductive layers 8, 13, 15 or 16 it comes first to an initial spark of the respective Air breakdown spark gap 4, due to the arrangement of the individual conductive layers 8, 13, 15 and 16 to each other or to the conductive Layer 7 is an ignition of all air breakdown spark gap 4.
  • the desired level of protection not only between the active phase conductors (L1, L2, L3) and the neutral conductor (N) or between the neutral conductor (N) and earth (PE) but ensured between all lines.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
EP05003261A 2004-02-23 2005-02-16 Dispositif dérivateur de surtensions et dispositif d'allumage pour dispositif dérivateur de surtensions Expired - Lifetime EP1566868B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004009072A DE102004009072A1 (de) 2004-02-23 2004-02-23 Überspannungsschutzelement und Zündelement für ein Überspannungsschutzelement
DE102004009072 2004-02-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1566868A2 true EP1566868A2 (fr) 2005-08-24
EP1566868A3 EP1566868A3 (fr) 2007-05-16
EP1566868B1 EP1566868B1 (fr) 2009-12-09

Family

ID=34706908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05003261A Expired - Lifetime EP1566868B1 (fr) 2004-02-23 2005-02-16 Dispositif dérivateur de surtensions et dispositif d'allumage pour dispositif dérivateur de surtensions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7817395B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1566868B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1674375B (fr)
DE (2) DE102004009072A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2337695T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014102065A1 (de) 2014-02-18 2015-08-20 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Zündelement zur Verwendung bei einem Überspannungsschutzelement

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DE102007015364B4 (de) * 2006-12-12 2016-10-20 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
CN101378178B (zh) * 2007-10-16 2012-05-30 曾献昌 带外接触发端子的多间隙金属陶瓷气体放电管
DE102009048045B4 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-06-01 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement
DE202009014000U1 (de) 2009-10-15 2011-02-24 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement
DE102011102937B4 (de) 2010-08-17 2017-03-02 DEHN + SÖHNE GmbH + Co. KG. Anordnung zur Zündung von Funkenstrecken
WO2012139287A1 (fr) * 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 上海电科电器科技有限公司 Élément de génération d'un arc déclenché
DE102011052803A1 (de) * 2011-08-18 2013-02-21 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Basiselement zur Aufnahme eines Überspannungsschutzmoduls
TWI419631B (zh) * 2011-12-05 2013-12-11 Au Optronics Corp 多層電路板以及靜電放電保護結構
DE102012002962A1 (de) 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Kurzschließeinrichtung zum Sach- und Personenschutz in elektrischen Systemen
CN102969654A (zh) * 2012-12-18 2013-03-13 深圳市莱普斯科技有限公司 带熄弧栅的气体放电隙
DE102013225835B4 (de) 2013-12-13 2022-10-06 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Reihenfunkenstrecke
DE202015100397U1 (de) * 2015-01-28 2016-05-02 Phoenix Contatct GmbH & Co. KG Funkenstrecke mit adaptiver Kühl- und/oder Dämpfungseinrichtung
DE102014210516C5 (de) * 2014-06-03 2020-03-26 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Funkenstrecke
DE102014215279A1 (de) 2014-08-04 2016-02-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Schmelzsicherung für eine zu schützende Einrichtung
US10319545B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2019-06-11 Iskra Za{hacek over (s)}{hacek over (c)}ite d.o.o. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
US10447026B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-10-15 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Devices for active overvoltage protection
CZ2017143A3 (cs) * 2017-03-15 2018-08-08 Saltek S.R.O. Omezovač napětí s přepěťovou ochranou
US10685767B2 (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-06-16 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules and systems including same
US20190207386A1 (en) * 2018-01-04 2019-07-04 Ceramate Technical Co., Ltd. Surge protection device structure
BE1026431B1 (de) 2018-06-28 2020-02-03 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Funkenstrecke mit Zündkreis und Funkenstreckenanordnung
US11223200B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2022-01-11 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Surge protective devices, circuits, modules and systems including same
DE102019101448B3 (de) 2018-10-15 2020-01-23 Dehn Se + Co Kg Anordnung zur Zündung von Funkenstrecken
US11862967B2 (en) 2021-09-13 2024-01-02 Raycap, S.A. Surge protective device assembly modules
US11990745B2 (en) 2022-01-12 2024-05-21 Raycap IP Development Ltd Methods and systems for remote monitoring of surge protective devices
US12199412B2 (en) 2022-06-02 2025-01-14 Ripd Ip Development Ltd. Surge protective devices, circuits, modules and systems including same
US12206234B2 (en) 2022-09-20 2025-01-21 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Overvoltage protection device modules
US12437906B2 (en) 2022-10-18 2025-10-07 Raycap, S.A. Surge protective devices

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014102065A1 (de) 2014-02-18 2015-08-20 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Zündelement zur Verwendung bei einem Überspannungsschutzelement
WO2015124624A1 (fr) 2014-02-18 2015-08-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Élément d'allumage destiné à être utilisé dans un élément de protection contre les surtensions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2337695T3 (es) 2010-04-28
US20050185356A1 (en) 2005-08-25
DE102004009072A1 (de) 2005-09-08
DE502005008658D1 (de) 2010-01-21
CN1674375B (zh) 2011-12-21
CN1674375A (zh) 2005-09-28
US7817395B2 (en) 2010-10-19
EP1566868A3 (fr) 2007-05-16
EP1566868B1 (fr) 2009-12-09

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