EP2876653B1 - Élément multicontact pour un varistor - Google Patents

Élément multicontact pour un varistor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2876653B1
EP2876653B1 EP14192944.8A EP14192944A EP2876653B1 EP 2876653 B1 EP2876653 B1 EP 2876653B1 EP 14192944 A EP14192944 A EP 14192944A EP 2876653 B1 EP2876653 B1 EP 2876653B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intermediate layer
contact element
fuses
mke
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14192944.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2876653A1 (fr
Inventor
Jan-Erik Schmutz
Friedrich-Eckhard Brand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority to SI201430293T priority Critical patent/SI2876653T1/sl
Publication of EP2876653A1 publication Critical patent/EP2876653A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2876653B1 publication Critical patent/EP2876653B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/08—Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements
    • H01C1/084—Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements using self-cooling, e.g. fins, heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
    • H01C1/142—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors the terminals or tapping points being coated on the resistive element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/105—Varistor cores
    • H01C7/108—Metal oxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/102—Varistor boundary, e.g. surface layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-contact element for a varistor.
  • Varistors provide a voltage dependent resistor in electrical circuits. Varistors are therefore used in many applications, typically to dissipate overvoltages above a certain threshold voltage so as to prevent overloading or damaging a subsequent device. Therefore, varistors are often synonymous as a surge protection device called. An example of such overvoltage is a voltage that can be caused by lightning. If such an overvoltage event occurs, the task of the varistor is to divert the current past the respective electrically downstream consumer and thus to limit the voltage at the electrical load.
  • the varistor generally has as its material a granular metal oxide, e.g. Zinc oxide and / or bismuth oxide and / or manganese oxide and / or chromium oxide and / or silicon carbide, which is introduced as a rule as a (sintered) ceramic between two planar electrodes as supply elements.
  • a granular metal oxide e.g. Zinc oxide and / or bismuth oxide and / or manganese oxide and / or chromium oxide and / or silicon carbide
  • the individual grains have a different conductivity.
  • barrier layers i. at the points of contact of the grains. It can be seen that with increasing thickness, the number of grain boundaries increases and thus the limit voltage. When a voltage is applied to the lead elements, an electric field is formed. Depending on the voltage while the barrier layers are now degraded and the resistance decreases.
  • both the current distribution and the overcoming of the barrier layers are not a uniform process, but rather local current paths are formed which come into the conducting state at different rates.
  • a temperature sensor which operates a switch when a certain temperature is exceeded.
  • temperature sensors can only be used to detect slow events. Rapid heating, as occurs, for example, when applying a high voltage, leads to a greatly delayed due to the necessary and known slow heat conduction temperature rise at the temperature sensor, so that the varistor would be destroyed as a rule. Also, the separation ability is usually limited here, i. only small currents can be switched off.
  • Such an energy input may e.g. arise because over an extended period of time an overvoltage occurs, which leads to a switching of the varistor and now the short-circuit current of the network is derived via the varistor. In this case, significant heating of the varistor occurs and there is a risk of fire. Furthermore, the varistor can be damaged so far that the varistor breaks down explosively.
  • varistors are therefore provided with an upstream fuse element.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a contact element for a varistor, which circumvents one or more of these disadvantages.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that a breakdown of a varistor is usually first of all a local phenomenon, which is only then a phenomenon relating to the entire varistor.
  • the invention proposes the division of the fuse into individual fuse elements 1, 2,... N as in FIG FIG. 1 shown in parallel contact a varistor.
  • a corresponding exemplary structure is shown in FIG FIG. 1 shown.
  • a multicontact element MKE is used for a varistor VAR, wherein the multicontact element MKE has a sandwich structure.
  • the sandwich structure has in a lowermost layer US two or more contact elements KE1, KE2 for contacting the varistor VAR and in a topmost layer OS at least one common connection electrode A for contacting a consumer network to be protected.
  • a first intermediate layer ZS1 of an electrically insulating material layer is provided at least in sections.
  • an electrically insulating material layer can be used, for example, by a board material, a glass fiber mat soaked with epoxy resin, for example FR4, or else polymers, ceramics or glass.
  • the securing elements DK1, DK2 are designed as plated-through holes within the first intermediate layer ZS1. As a result, a low height is possible.
  • the fuse elements DK1, DK2 in the first intermediate layer are in direct electrical contact with the common connection electrode A.
  • Each of the fuse elements DK1, DK2 is in direct or indirect electrical contact with a subset of the contact elements KE1, KE2. That is, in the embodiment of the FIG. 2 the contact element KE1 is in direct contact with the securing element DK1 and the contact element KE2 is in direct contact with the securing element DK2.
  • the securing elements DK1, DK2 have blow-out channels AK in the first intermediate layer ZS1, so that in the event of thermal overloading of a securing element DK1, DK2 of the first intermediate layer ZS1, the affected securing element DK1 can evaporate through the blow-off channel and thus establish the electrical connection to the underlying ( Part-) varistor is interrupted. That The plasma produced in the separation case can pass via blow-off channels AK into a possibly existing surrounding extinguishing medium LM and the plasma is cooled there.
  • each contact element KE assigned exactly one securing element DK the advantageous division can also be carried out with respect to a contact element or, if for example it is not possible to achieve a desired nominal value with a securing element, this by a parallel connection of several m fuse elements a 1 , b 1 , ..., m 1 Representing a first fuse element 1, a parallel connection of a plurality of fuse elements a 2 , b 2 , ..., m 2 representative of a second fuse element 2, etc. to achieve, as in FIG. 3 compared to FIG. 1 is clarified.
  • Each of the fuse elements DK1, DK2, DK3, DK4 is in direct or indirect electrical contact with a subset of the contact elements KE1, KE2. That is, in the embodiment of the FIG. 4 the contact element KE1 is in direct contact with the security elements DK1 1 and DK1 2 , while the contact element KE2 is in direct contact with the security elements DK2 1 and DK2 2 .
  • a second intermediate layer ZS2 is provided from an electrically insulating material layer.
  • an electrically insulating material layer can, for example, in turn be used by a circuit board material, a glass fiber mat impregnated with epoxy resin, for example FR4, or else polymers, ceramics or glass. Particularly advantageous here, in addition to individual material layers and combination products such as multi-layer boards or the like can be used.
  • fuse elements DK3, DK4 which are designed so that they can carry a specified surge current, wherein the specified surge current per fuse element is less than the specified surge current of the varistor VAR. That Although the nominal value of the individual fuse elements is small, the necessary separation capacity can be provided by the parallel connection of the fuse elements, while at the same time ensuring that due to the low nominal value of the individual fuse elements a quick shutdown in the local fault current event and thus in total global fault current case is made available.
  • the securing elements DK3, DK4 are designed as plated-through holes within the second intermediate layer ZS2. As a result, a low height is possible.
  • the fuse elements DK3, DK4 in the second intermediate layer are in turn in electrical contact via at least one plated-through hole DK1, DK2 of the first intermediate layer ZS1 with the common terminal electrode A.
  • Each of the fuse elements DK3, DK4 of the second intermediate layer ZS2 is in direct electrical contact with a subset of the contact elements KE1, KE2. That is, in the embodiment of the FIG. 7 the contact elements KE1 is in direct contact with the securing elements DK3 and the contact elements KE2 are in direct contact with the securing element DK4. In the embodiment of the FIG. 8 is the contact elements KE1 in direct contact with the security elements DK2 and DK3 and the contact elements KE2 in direct contact with the security elements DK4 and DK5.
  • the securing elements DK3, DK4 have blow-out channels AK in the second intermediate layer ZS2, so that in the event of thermal overloading of a securing element DK3, DK4 of the second intermediate layer ZS2, the affected securing element DK3, DK4 can evaporate through the blow-off channel and thus establish the electrical connection to the underlying (part) varistor is interrupted. That The plasma produced in the separation case can pass via blow-off channels AK into a possibly existing surrounding extinguishing medium LM and the plasma is cooled there.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are doing the Figures 5 corresponding variants of a series connection of a fuse element of a first intermediate layer realized with a parallel circuit of fuse elements of a second intermediate layer.
  • the arrangement is not limited to these forms of series circuits, but it can of course also be provided that in each case parallel circuits are provided in both the first intermediate layer and in the second intermediate layer, which are connected in series.
  • parallel circuits are provided in both the first intermediate layer and in the second intermediate layer, which are connected in series.
  • FIG. 11 An exemplary meander-shaped arrangement of such a multi-contact element is shown in FIG FIG. 11 shown.
  • a (partial) current of the varistor VAR occurs at the contact element KE1 and is passed through the via through a third intermediate layer ZS3, which is shown by way of example as insulation to the varistor, and through a second intermediate layer ZS2.
  • a conductor track position between the first intermediate layer ZS1 and the second intermediate layer ZS2 which may likewise be configured in the manner of a securing element, a contact to a second through-connection to the right is produced.
  • a contact to a third via right next to it is produced.
  • This process can be provided as many times as necessary to achieve the desired rating or voltage.
  • fuse elements are connected in parallel, this would, for example, in the illustrated cut perspective simply possible that in a further underlying layer the same arrangement is repeated, at a suitable location, a compound of the levels is provided on Leiterbahneben.
  • the strip conductors can also be designed as further securing elements.
  • an electrically insulating extinguishing medium LM for example, polyoxymethylene (POM) or quartz sand can be used as an electrically insulating extinguishing agent.
  • the securing elements DK1, DK2 of the first intermediate layer ZS1 and, if present, also the securing elements DK3, DK4 of the second intermediate layer ZS2 are designed to have a nominal value of up to 10 A, preferably 1 A.
  • the surge current capability is designed so that currents up to 1 kA, in particular up to 2 kA or more can be worn short term
  • At least one of the securing elements DK1, DK2; DK3, DK4 is machined by means of a bore in such a way that the flow-throughable diameter is reduced and the blow-out duct is enlarged.
  • backup values can be set precisely by post-processing a via.
  • through holes targeted connections to a connection electrode A are interrupted and so the nominal value can be subsequently adjusted. For example, can be removed by drilling a fuse element of a parallel circuit of fuse elements.
  • the bore is eccentric.
  • the invention is not limited to the multi-contact element, but also includes a varistor VAR, which has at least one multi-contact element MKE. It can even be provided that both terminals of a varistor are equipped by means of the multi-contact elements according to the invention. Also in more recently available multi-contact varistors, i. Varistors with one or more center taps, the invention is equally applicable to all connections.
  • connection between the multicontact element MKE and the varistor ceramic VAR preferably takes place via a pressure contact.
  • a soldering, adhesive or clamping connection may be provided.
  • the varistor VAR and the multi-contact element MKE are then in a housing G, in particular when an extinguishing agent LM is still used.
  • the fuse elements are arranged substantially parallel to the varistor surface.
  • the fuse elements can be manufactured particularly easily in printed circuit board technology. Particularly advantageous multi-layer printed circuit boards can be used for this purpose.
  • a multi-layer printed circuit board and a printed circuit board can be used, which has at the bottom of the contact elements, which are connected by vias to the conductor on the top.
  • a second circuit board, which has no copper coating on the bottom and the recesses and holes is fixed on the lower circuit board, so that the recesses are aligned substantially over the (fuse) traces and the holes at the end. Through the holes, wires can be bonded, soldered or welded to the end of the fuse tracks, which can then be attached to the top of the top board.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Elément multicontact (EMC) pour une varistance (VAR),
    • l'élément multicontact (EMC) comportant une structure sandwich,
    • la structure sandwich comporte dans une couche inférieure (US) deux ou plusieurs éléments de contact (KE1, KE2) et la structure sandwich comportant dans une couche supérieure (OS) au moins une électrode de connexion commune (A),
    • entre la couche inférieure (US) et la couche supérieure (OS), une première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) d'une couche de matériau électro-isolante étant au moins prévue par endroits,
    • des éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2) se trouvant dans la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1), qui sont conçus de telle manière qu'ils peuvent porter un courant de choc spécifié par élément de sécurité, le courant de choc spécifié par élément de sécurité étant plus faible que le courant de choc spécifié de la varistance (VAR),
    • les éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2) étant exécutés par métallisation des trous à l'intérieur de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1),
    • les éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2) dans la première couche intermédiaire étant en contact électrique direct avec l'électrode de connexion commune (A),
    • chacun des éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2) étant en contact électrique direct ou indirect avec un sous-ensemble d'éléments de contact (KE1, KE2),
    • les éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2) disposant de conduits de soufflage (AK) dans la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) de telle manière qu'en cas d'une surcharge thermique d'un élément de sécurité (DK1, DK2) de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1), l'élément de sécurité concerné (DK1) peut s'évaporer par le conduit de soufflage.
  2. Elément multicontact selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la couche inférieure (US) et la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) est au moins prévue par endroits une deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2) d'une couche de matériau électro-isolante,
    • d'autres éléments de sécurité (DK3, DK4) se trouvant dans la deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2), qui sont conçus de telle manière qu'ils peuvent porter un courant de choc spécifié, le courant de choc spécifié par élément de sécurité étant plus faible que le courant de choc spécifié de la varistance (VAR),
    • les autres éléments de sécurité (DK3, DK4) étant exécutés en tant que métallisation des trous à l'intérieur de la deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2),
    • les autres éléments de sécurité (DK3, DK4) dans la deuxième couche intermédiaire étant en contact électrique avec l'électrode de connexion commune (A) par le biais d'au moins un élément de sécurité (DK1, DK2) de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1),
    • chacun des autres éléments de sécurité (DK3, DK4) de la deuxième couche intermédiaire étant en contact électrique direct avec un sous-ensemble des éléments de contact (KE1, KE2),
    • les autres éléments de sécurité (DK3, DK4) disposant de conduits de soufflage dans la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) et dans la deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2) de telle manière qu'en cas d'une surcharge thermique d'un autre élément de sécurité (DK3, DK4) de la deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2), l'élément de sécurité concerné (DK3) peut s'évaporer par le conduit de soufflage.
  3. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième couche intermédiaire (ZS2) comporte un matériau de platine.
  4. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) comporte un matériau de platine.
  5. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des métallisations des trous (DK1, DK2) de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) est reliée par des réseaux de circuits imprimés à l'électrode de connexion (A), les réseaux de circuits imprimés étant conçus comme éléments de sécurité.
  6. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des conduits de soufflage (AK) au-dessus de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) est entourée d'un moyen d'extinction électro-isolant (LM).
  7. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des conduits de soufflage (AK) au-dessus de la première couche intermédiaire (ZS1) est entourée de polyoxyméthylène ou de sable silicieux en tant que moyen d'extinction (LM) électro-isolant.
  8. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2; DK3, DK4) comportent un courant nominal allant jusqu'à 10 A, de préférence 1 A.
  9. Elément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité d'éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2; DK3, DK4) sont connectés en parallèle.
  10. Elément multicontact selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des éléments de sécurité (DK1, DK2; DK3, DK4) est usiné au moyen de perçage de telle manière que le diamètre pouvant être traversé par le courant est réduit et le conduit de soufflage est agrandi.
  11. Elément multicontact selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le trou est excentrique.
  12. Varistance (VAR) comportant au moins un élément multicontact (EMC) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  13. Varistance (VAR) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément multicontact (EMC) et la varistance (VAR) sont disposés dans un boîtier (G).
EP14192944.8A 2013-11-20 2014-11-13 Élément multicontact pour un varistor Not-in-force EP2876653B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201430293T SI2876653T1 (sl) 2013-11-20 2014-11-13 Večkontaktni element za varistor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310223648 DE102013223648B3 (de) 2013-11-20 2013-11-20 Multikontaktelement für einen Varistor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2876653A1 EP2876653A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
EP2876653B1 true EP2876653B1 (fr) 2017-06-28

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EP14192944.8A Not-in-force EP2876653B1 (fr) 2013-11-20 2014-11-13 Élément multicontact pour un varistor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9514865B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2876653B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104658724B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013223648B3 (fr)
SI (1) SI2876653T1 (fr)

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US10685767B2 (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-06-16 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules and systems including same

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2876653A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
CN104658724A (zh) 2015-05-27
CN104658724B (zh) 2017-07-14
DE102013223648B3 (de) 2015-01-08
US9514865B2 (en) 2016-12-06
SI2876653T1 (sl) 2017-10-30
US20150170806A1 (en) 2015-06-18

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