EP1535012A2 - Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss - Google Patents
Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschlussInfo
- Publication number
- EP1535012A2 EP1535012A2 EP03798134A EP03798134A EP1535012A2 EP 1535012 A2 EP1535012 A2 EP 1535012A2 EP 03798134 A EP03798134 A EP 03798134A EP 03798134 A EP03798134 A EP 03798134A EP 1535012 A2 EP1535012 A2 EP 1535012A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- locking
- breech
- head
- cartridge
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
- F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
- F41A3/44—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
- F41A3/46—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers mounted on the bolt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
- F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
- F41A5/26—Arrangements or systems for bleeding the gas from the barrel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
- F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
- F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
- F41A19/13—Percussion or firing pins, i.e. fixed or slidably-mounted striker elements; Mountings therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A35/00—Accessories or details not otherwise provided for
- F41A35/06—Adaptation of guns to both right and left hand use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
- F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a handgun with a locked breech and such a breech itself (preamble of claim 1).
- This closure has a closure head and a closure carrier.
- This closure should be particularly short, but should be able to absorb high recoil.
- the closure has a locking bolt which is movable transversely to the direction of movement of the closure and engages behind locking projections over a large area in the locking position (claim 1).
- the invention relates to a locked
- Self-loading firearm with a rigid barrel with a cartridge chamber, a locking head which can be locked relative to the barrel and a locking carrier which is movable relative to the locking head and on which a closing spring is supported, an additional, powerful spring arrangement being arranged between the locking carrier and the locking head, over which the supports heavy closure straps on the latter when the closure head is locked. (Preamble of claim 2).
- Self-loading firearms with a sensitive cartridge case especially self-loading shotguns, have always been problematic; especially because of the extreme low durability of the cartridges against residual gas pressure when loading the weapon.
- self-loading shotguns there is also the fact that cartridges of one and the same dimension can have highly different charges, which in turn ensure different residual gas pressure values.
- the breech tends to open when the projectile is still in the barrel or the gas pressure has not dropped far enough.
- Shotgun cartridges have already been made entirely of metal. However, due to the high price and weight, these have not become generally accepted.
- Recoil loading system in which the barrel and the closed breech initially run back over the full return path, and the pressure is almost completely reduced (Browning, Walther). Then the breech remains stationary in the rearmost position, and the barrel is braked under the force of a spring and guided relatively slowly forward. Together with the breech, the cartridge case remains stationary so that it is gently pulled out of the barrel. Excessive longitudinal forces do not occur in the cartridge case. After the cartridge case has been ejected, the breech snaps forward under the action of the closing spring and takes a new cartridge with it.
- Gas pressure loaders are in self-loading rifles known for a long time and have proven themselves there. at
- Self-loading shotguns require a defined gas pressure and an easy-to-pull out, resistant shotgun cartridge case.
- gas transfer shotguns work without any problems.
- the gas pressure loaders work in the hip stop as well as in the shoulder stop.
- gas pressure loaders are quite complicated. Depending on the powder used, they require more or less complex cleaning and are prone to dirt, rust and a lack of oil due to the large number of parts sliding on each other. Saving the gas piston by tapping the closure with tapped powder gases leads to a structural simplification, but an increased risk of contamination.
- a self-loading weapon especially a self-loading rifle, which would be simple, robust and undemanding in terms of ammunition, could be used quite universally: it could also be used as a hunting weapon in underdeveloped areas, where one needs very different ammunition; as an inexpensive police or military weapon, as emergency equipment in military aircraft, etc., especially there, where the weapon is used after a long period of non-use, without being able to be inspected and cleaned beforehand, where you cannot be selective about the ammunition, and where the cost of the weapon must not be too high.
- the invention has for its object to find a new self-loading handgun that at least partially avoids the above disadvantages of recoil and gas pressure loaders.
- a simple, cheap self-loading handgun that can be manufactured with unusually high tolerances is to be found, which is particularly insensitive to its ammunition.
- This object is achieved in that, as in the aforementioned self-loading handgun of the generic type, a strong spring arrangement is arranged between the breech carrier and the breech, by means of which the (heavy) breech carrier is supported on the latter when the breech head is locked. In addition to the spring arrangement, there is no stop between the closure head and the closure carrier, so that the initial relative movement between these parts is not limited by a stop. (Claim 2).
- the weapon When the bolt head is locked against the barrel, the weapon is closed.
- the lock as usual, can only be released if the closure carrier has moved a bit backwards from this position.
- the breech carrier moving further backwards now takes the breech head backwards.
- a cartridge is inserted into the cartridge chamber.
- the breech head hits the bottom of the cartridge or the cartridge chamber and comes to a standstill.
- the breech carrier which unlocks the breech head locks the breech head in relation to the barrel and then also comes to a standstill.
- the closing spring we mean a closing spring arrangement which can also consist of several springs.
- the weapon When firing (from the shoulder or from the hip), the weapon performs a short, vigorous backward movement, which the shooter perceives as a recoil. All parts that are then stationary relative to the weapon as a whole, i.e. the fixed barrel and also the locked breech head, follow this recoil movement.
- the breech carrier does not follow the recoil movement, but initially remains in its absolute position due to its inertia, which is in contrast to normal practice. That is: as a result of the recoil, the barrel and the breech head move backwards relative to the breech block, against the force of the strong spring arrangement; possibly supported by the much weaker closing spring. Viewed from the barrel, the barrel and breech head remain stationary. The closure carrier moves forward relative to these and is limited by the spring arrangement.
- the spring arrangement between the breech head and breech carrier is compressed accordingly, so that the breech carrier moves all the more forward relative to the breech head.
- the spring arrangement is immediate or only act indirectly between the breech carrier and the breech head and can therefore also be supported on any other part of the weapon which can be brought into stationary contact with the breech head.
- a particularly violent opening of the closure can be expected if the spring arrangement is completely compressed beforehand, so that the gears of the spring, in particular the spiral spring, are seated on one another. Then the opening speed can be increased in an unforeseen manner. In addition, parasitic vibrations can overlay and disrupt the system. The durability of the weapon is also a critical feature here.
- An optimized spring characteristic can be achieved, for example, by a kind of plate spring stack.
- the spring and the buffer arrangement can be coordinated with one another in such a way that when the weak cartridges are fired, only the spring is loaded and expands again, but when the stronger cartridge is fired, the buffer arrangement also increases.
- the buffer arrangement can ensure the desired progressive behavior with simple means.
- a buffer arrangement consisting of at least one stack of elastomer buffers with high hysteresis has proven to be optimal (claim 5).
- the stacking arrangement ensures that the buffering arrangement can be easily adapted to strong cartridges.
- elastomeric buffers tend to move transversely to the load and thus increase their diameter.
- the size of the increase in diameter is a function of the length of the buffer, so that several stacked, short buffers increase in diameter less than a single, long buffer.
- the hysteresis is particularly important. It has the effect that not all of the force introduced is returned to the closure carrier, as in the case of a spring the. Buffers with hysteresis reduce and phase shift the returned spring force. In the end, it is possible to reliably maintain the above-mentioned speed range, even for the strongest cartridges, within which the breech works properly.
- cartridges of caliber 12 i.e. such as different sleeve lengths, about 70 mm and 76 mm long cartridges, to shoot properly.
- cartridges of caliber 12/65 or 12/89 can also be fired mixed, if this should not be possible with a standard adjustment anyway.
- the breech carrier performs a backward movement when unlocked, while the breech head itself remains stationary.
- the firing pin is mounted in the breech carrier so that the firing pin can only reach the primer of a cartridge when the weapon is already at least largely locked.
- the weapon according to the invention has an intermediate member which is supported in the locked state on the breech head, via which the spring arrangement is supported on the breech head, and - which is carried along by the breech carrier when it returns, so that the unlocked breech head is no longer immediately loaded by the spring arrangement at least shortly after unlocking. (Claim 6).
- the firing pin is attached directly to the breech head (claim 7).
- the cartridge could be ignited if the breech head was still on the cartridge, regardless of whether the breech was locked or unlocked.
- a locking block is assigned to the locking head, which is penetrated freely by the firing pin in a locking position and locks the firing pin in a retracted, inactive position in an unlocked position (claim 8).
- the locking block thus acts as a kind of security, because the trigger can only ignite the cartridge when the breech head is locked.
- This embodiment of the invention is further improved in that the locking block has a bevel with which it takes the firing pin back into the inactive position during the transition from the locked to the unlocked position (claim 9). For example, if the firing pin gets stuck in the primer during the shot due to a cartridge error, then it is released by the locking block by its movement when unlocking and brought into an ineffective position.
- this locking block can be moved into and out of the locked position transversely to the axis of the soul in the locking head.
- it passes through the breech head and, in the locked position, falls into a recess in a component which is formed in one piece with the barrel or is firmly connected (claim 10).
- the incidence preferably takes place at three locations approximately evenly distributed over the circumference.
- the locking bolt is preferably slightly removed in the section which engages in the recess. slants so that a gentle locking (especially with large housing tolerances) and releasing the locking is always possible.
- the closure carrier can be designed to be movable along the side of the closure head opposite the recess.
- the locking block has a front and a rear skirting board and the lock carrier has a front and a rear driver bar, in such a way that the retracting shutter bracket runs with its front driver bar against the front skirting board of the locking block in the event of an advanced reverse movement to pull the recess and - and during its closing movement, the closure carrier runs with its rear driver strip against the rear skirting board of the locking block in order to press it into the recess, at least one of the front or rear foot and driver strip being chamfered (claim 11) ,
- the locking carrier When the locking head is locked, the locking carrier can be freely moved forward beyond the position which it assumes after locking has been completed. If, on the other hand, the closure carrier moves backwards from this position, then after covering a more or less large lost motion distance it pulls the locking block out of the recesses and then also takes the closure head with it. It is immaterial how large the game is that is formed between the baseboards of the locking block and the carrier bars of the locking head. It is only important that the baseboards fit into the opening formed in the closure carrier between the carrier bars.
- the weapon according to the invention can be used, for example, for long-running machine guns or for self-loading rifles.
- the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for a self-loading shotgun (claim 12). It is precisely there that the person skilled in the art can create a self-loading shotgun by means of suitable coordination of the force and the structure of the spring device and the mass of the breech carrier, which processes a wide variety of ammunition without problems, but only one in production
- the handgun mentioned at the outset can, however, also be a repeating rifle, with a breech head which can be moved in the weft or longitudinal direction, a locking block which can be moved transversely thereto and which can be inserted into recesses in this and in the weapon housing for fixing the breech, and a handle for the fore and aft Moving back of the locking head and for inserting and releasing the locking block (preamble of claim 13).
- the breech can be moved forward in a straight line until the cartridge bottom is reached in the cartridge chamber.
- a cross slide or locking block is moved into recesses in the breech and in the weapon housing and thus locks the breech.
- a lower lever is swung down in an arcuate movement and releases the locking block on an initial stretch.
- the unlocked lock is then withdrawn. Only when the lower lever is pivoted upward is the lock closed and locked.
- a box magazine has also been known for this system since 1895.
- the object of the invention is to develop the repeating rifle mentioned at the beginning in such a way that at least one part the above difficulties is at least partially avoided.
- a straight-line repeating rifle is preferably to be created which is particularly suitable for emergency use, but also for use by troops, the police or the like.
- a breech carrier is provided in the rifle mentioned above, which is movable parallel to the breech head over an initial and an end section and takes it along the end section, and that at least one inclined surface is formed on the breech holder, which is formed in a Counter surface engages on the locking block, such that the locking block is released or inserted when covering the initial distance (claim 13).
- the breech head can be kept very short, which reduces the overall length of the rifle. Since the longitudinally movable fastener carrier does not have to lie against the locking block in the longitudinal direction, the path of movement of the fastener carrier need not be precisely defined, but rather only be long enough.
- the fastener carrier is movable before the start distance over a lost motion distance, in which the closure remains locked (claim 14).
- This lost motion not only compensates for structural inaccuracies, but also enables the shooter to gather momentum.
- the locking block is thus only unlocked by the closure carrier when it has already picked up speed. Any locking block that is slightly stuck is simply taken along. men, maybe even without the shooter noticing the disturbance.
- a preferred development of the invention consists in the fact that the weapon housing is formed by the rear end of the barrel or a barrel receiving sleeve and by a plastic housing, and that the recesses in the weapon housing are formed at the rear end of the barrel or in the barrel receiving sleeve (Claim 15).
- the main forces that occur are directly introduced into the barrel by the breech head via the locking block.
- the actual plastic housing only absorbs parasitic forces, leads moving parts if necessary and protects all parts from dirt.
- the handle for the closure carrier can be the handle, the fore-end, but also an underside or simply a handle that protrudes from the (plastic) housing on the side, front or rear.
- the firing pin is attached directly to the breech head, in particular crosses it (claim 16).
- the cartridge could be ignited if the breech head was still on the cartridge, regardless of whether the breech was locked or unlocked.
- a locking block is assigned to the locking head, which is penetrated freely by the firing pin in a locking position and locks the firing pin in a retracted, inactive position in an unlocked position (claim 17).
- the locking block thus acts as if Secure, because the trigger can only ignite the cartridge when the breech head is locked.
- This embodiment of the invention is further improved in that the locking block has a bevel with which it takes the firing pin back into the inactive position during the transition from the locked to the unlocked position (claim 18). For example, if the firing pin gets stuck in the primer during the shot due to a cartridge error, then it is released by the locking block by its movement when unlocking and brought into an ineffective position.
- this locking block can be moved into and out of the locked position transversely to the core axis in the locking head.
- it passes through the breech head and, in the locked position, falls into a recess in a component which is formed in one piece with the barrel or is firmly connected (claim 19).
- the incidence preferably takes place at three locations approximately evenly distributed over the circumference.
- a generous over-dimensioning of the recess and locking bolt is possible because of the cartridge size.
- the locking bolt is preferably slightly beveled in the section which engages in the recess, so that a gentle locking (especially with large housing tolerances) and releasing the locking is always possible.
- the closure carrier can be designed to be movable along the side of the closure head opposite the recess.
- the locking block has a front and a rear skirting board and the closure carrier has a front and a rear carrier bar, in such a way that the returning closure carrier with its advanced carrier bar against the the front skirting board of the locking block comes up to pull it out of the recess and the closure carrier, when it closes, runs with its rear driver bar against the rear skirting board of the locking block to push it into the recess, with the front or rear foot and driver bar respectively at least one is beveled (claim 20).
- the locking carrier When the locking head is locked, the locking carrier can be freely moved forward beyond the position which it assumes after locking has been completed. If, on the other hand, the closure carrier moves backwards from this position, then after covering a more or less large lost motion distance it pulls the locking block out of the recesses and then also takes the closure head with it. It is immaterial how large the game is that is formed between the baseboards of the locking block and the carrier bars of the locking head. It is only important that the baseboards fit into the opening formed in the closure carrier between the carrier bars.
- the weapon according to the invention can be used, for example, for small bore repeaters.
- the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for a repeating shotgun (claim 21), preferably a forearm repeater.
- the system of the present invention proves particularly suitable for a multi-loader for large cartridges, particularly for cartridges with a caliber of more than 15 mm, especially since the two or more extractor claws then hold and guide the very large cartridge reliably.
- the repeater lock can also be used for a self-loading machine by connecting a reloading mechanism, such as a gas piston rod, to the handle or a pivot point provided instead.
- a reloading mechanism such as a gas piston rod
- the invention also relates to a cartridge ejection arrangement with at least two cartridge extractor claws which are resiliently attached to a movable breech or breech head and which are preferably opposite one another, in particular for the rifles of claim 2 and claim 13 (preamble of claim 23).
- a handgun especially a self-loading weapon, with a barrel and a breech that moves backwards and forwards along the soul axis (central axis of the barrel) from the rear end of the barrel as a rule has a cartridge ejection arrangement with an extractor claw and one Ejector on.
- the extractor claw engages around the edge or half-rim of the cartridge or engages in its bottom circumferential groove.
- the ejector sits, in relation to the axis of the soul, approximately opposite the claw, so that the edge of the cartridge bottom runs against it.
- the ejector is referred to here as stationary. This is understood here to mean that it is either firmly attached to the weapon or its housing or that it is movably mounted in the breech or breech head and at the end of its return runs up against a weapon-resistant resistance.
- the cartridge or cartridge case is ejected across the core axis.
- the extractor claw sits on the side towards which the cartridge or cartridge case is ejected.
- the ejector sits on the opposite side.
- the butt plate In the case of cartridges with, for example, an edge groove, the butt plate
- Fig. 2 of this document shows a longitudinal groove in the closure, which is located near one of the claws and could accommodate the ejector.
- Pulling out shot cartridges for example of caliber 12 or 10
- the double pull-out claw which is known from the publication mentioned, could perhaps remedy this.
- the cartridge can be ejected anywhere except towards the reloading device. If, for example, a harness sitting above the weapon is used, it can be ejected to the right or left, but also downwards, depending on where a sleeve shaft or sleeve bag can be attached.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved cartridge ejection arrangement.
- at least one of the disadvantages outlined above is to be at least partially remedied and an arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset is preferably to be created, the direction of which can be changed.
- the arrangement mentioned is further developed in that at least one stationary ejector can be assigned to one or each of the cartridge extractor claws in such a way that when the breech or breech head retracts, the cartridge or cartridge case is pulled out of a cartridge chamber by all the cartridge extractor claws and, when it is released from the cartridge chamber, swivels around the cartridge extractor claw and thereby to it Side is ejected to which no ejector is assigned (claim 23).
- each of the extractor claws is only able to hold the cartridge or cartridge case in the position in which it is extracted.
- the use of multiple extractor claws also has advantages, especially with the cartridges mentioned above. If an ejector is now assigned to all extractor claws, except those on whose side the ejection is to take place, then the ejection can take place in any direction to which an extractor is assigned.
- the ejector now has two ejector projections, which are arranged on either side of one of the two cartridge ejector claws and run in the longitudinal grooves of the breech or breech head, which open into the bottom of the breech on both sides of the cartridge extractor claw (claim 25), then an arrangement is created that even pulls out difficult cartridges and cartridge cases, and can be converted from right to left ejection and vice versa with the simplest of means.
- Usual cartridge extractor claws have a hook-like end with a surface facing the impact floor, which grips around a cartridge edge. According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that when the hook-like ends encompass a cartridge rim, the surfaces of which form an acute angle to a plane parallel to the push floor, so that they move away from the front of the push floor towards the front (claim 26) ,
- This acute angle z is preferably between 0 ° and 15 ° (claim 27).
- the invention preferably uses a flat surface that sits on the edge. It is therefore possible to use cartridges of the most varied of construction types, including cartridges whose edge forms a surface that faces away from the butt plate and is parallel to it. Such an edge can be present in cartridge cases for special cartridges, for example light cartridges. Such cartridge cases are made, for example, by turning or by counter-extrusion.
- the arrangement according to the invention can be used for handguns of all kinds. It is particularly advantageous for large-caliber cartridges. It is particularly preferred, for example, that it is assigned to a shotgun (claim 28), in particular a repeating or self-loading shotgun. Here is the structural diversity and mutual deviation of cartridges for one and the same
- the invention also relates to a large-caliber gas pressure charger with a central force introduction part, which receives the rear end of the barrel and the locking abutments of the closure.
- This gas pressure charger uses the principle of the closure of claim 1.
- “Large-caliber” is understood here to mean in particular a rifle with a caliber or largest cartridge diameter of more than 15 mm.
- a heavy missile such as a projectile, a sabot projectile, a shot, a gas body, or the like
- a gas pressure is comparatively low, especially in the front area of the barrel.
- a central anchoring element has recently been provided to save weight, on which all the forces that occur should act as far as possible.
- the housing can then largely be made in the lightest plastic construction, since it is at most little stressed.
- a gas piston device requires a further point of force application at the tapping point of the barrel, which usually interacts with the gas cylinder, and is therefore very heavy.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the large-caliber rifle mentioned at the outset in such a way that at least one of the problems mentioned at the outset is at least partially alleviated.
- the invention has for its object to provide a self-loading rifle for large-caliber grenade cartridges with a long cartridge length and a short cartridge case, which is light and reliably loads.
- the barrel still has a gas removal opening in the force introduction part, and in that a gas cylinder is firmly connected to the force introduction part. is that which is connected to the gas extraction opening
- the gas extraction opening in the force introduction part eliminates the need for a separate, force-absorbing border of the gas extraction opening. At the same time, this is brought far back where the gas pressure is sufficient to unlock and operate even a heavy-duty lock with a long reloading path.
- the barrel of the weapon according to the invention is preferably, as is customary, provided with a cartridge chamber which is formed in one piece with the barrel. It is also conceivable that the cartridge chamber is separated from the barrel.
- the term "barrel" includes the cartridge chamber, whether it is formed in one piece with the barrel or not.
- the gas removal opening is located at the front end of the cartridge chamber and opens into a bore in the force introduction part, which in turn opens into the front end of the gas cylinder (claim 30).
- the cartridge chamber is often quite short compared to the barrel caliber of extremely large-caliber rifles; in the case of grenade cartridges of the type described above, the cartridge chamber is even extremely short.
- the slow acceleration of the breech by the action of the firing gases is sufficient to ensure that the projectile has already left the barrel before the breech is opened.
- the pressure drop in such large-caliber rifles usually occurs so early that the overpressure in the barrel is quite low when the projectile hits the
- a tube or a similar component is dispensed with, while the force introduction part ensures that even a high pressure is absorbed in its bore without damage and passed on to a gas cylinder.
- This gas cylinder is preferably formed in the force introduction part (claim 3) and thus does not require its own force-absorbing component.
- the bore can extend obliquely in or against the firing direction in order to utilize or inhibit the kinetic energy of the firing gases. Since this kinetic energy at the end of the bearing is only slight, it is preferred that the bore extends transversely to the direction of the shot
- the gas cylinder that connects directly to the bore can sit on the side or under the bearing. However, in order not to extend the width of the weapon excessively, and in order to be able to attach a magazine under the breech, it is preferred that the gas cylinder sits above the cartridge chamber (claim 32). Since the gas cylinder is formed in the force introduction part, a very compact and, in particular, also in the longitudinal direction, short construction is ensured.
- the closure is formed from a locked closure head and a closure carrier.
- the breech carrier forms the gas piston (claim 33).
- a tube is firmly connected to the closure carrier, passes through the gas cylinder and is used as a receptacle. is penetrated for a closing spring (claim
- the inner surface of the gas cylinder thus has an annular surface, and moreover the force is exerted exactly centrally on the closure carrier.
- the return spring for the closure the so-called
- Closing spring also passes through the tube, so that the closure support forming the gas piston is also reset exactly in the center and thus cannot tilt. Viewed in terms of its diameter, the gas cylinder can therefore also be shorter than would otherwise be necessary.
- the tube also has the purpose of carrying a loading handle, which is either attached to the tube or can be attached or connected to it for through-loading (claim 35).
- a locking bolt passes through the locking head transversely and is pressed by the locking carrier in its rest position into a locking position in which it engages in designs of the force introduction part and thereby locks the locking head (claim 36).
- the training is advantageously attached approximately circularly symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.
- the locking head thus does not have to cover an unlocking distance when it is unlocked, but only the locking bolt is then pulled out transversely to the longitudinal axis mentioned.
- the device for this can be located above the closure head and does not take up any length.
- a rocker arm is preferred, which is arranged in the locking head, engages on the one hand in the path of movement of the lock carrier and, on the other hand, in the path of movement of the locking bolt and, when the locking carrier moves out of its rest position, pulls the locking bolt out of the designs of the force introduction part 37).
- Such a rocker arm is mounted, for example, on a pivot axis which is arranged transversely in the locking head.
- Such a device can also be formed by a compression spring, for example, which pushes the locking bolt out of its rest position when the closure carrier makes room.
- the extended locking bolt engages in the closure carrier, so that with its movement the locking bolt and thus the closure head is carried along (claim 38). In this way, a positive connection is established between the closure head and the closure carrier, irrespective of how fast the return movement of the closure carrier takes place, that is to say also during slow loading.
- the locking pin has an elongated hole, which is penetrated by the firing pin, the firing pin has a shoulder behind the locking pin, and the slot has a bevel to the rear, which engages and pushes back the heel of the firing pin when the locking pin is out of the way - Gripped with the training of the force introduction part is pulled (claim 39).
- the firing pin After firing, the firing pin is forcibly pushed out of engagement with the cartridge and cannot reach the bottom of the cartridge when the breech is unlocked.
- neither a tearing primer can hit the firing pin in the front hold, there is a premature ignition, i.e. when the breech head is not yet locked. This guarantees reliability even with rare faults.
- a locking head usually has only one extractor. However, it is also known to provide two extractors.
- the invention deviates from both teachings to the effect that two recesses are formed in the breech head transversely to the locking bolt, into each of which a bore for a pressure bolt and a spring that presses it forward are formed, so that one of the recesses is countered the force of the pressure pin swiveling extractor is used, and that, if necessary, a support element is immovably inserted into the opposite recess, which, opposite the extractor, laterally supports the bottom of a cartridge or cartridge case (claim 40). Extractor and support element are thus opposite each other.
- the support element supports the cartridge case after being pulled out, so that the cartridge case does not slide off the opposite puller claw.
- the breech goes through an acceleration phase and then a deceleration phase after the shot. During the deceleration phase, the bottom of the accelerated cartridge case rests firmly on the impact floor. "Bump bottom" is the front face of the breech head.
- the spring, pressure pin and extractor on one side and support element on the other can be exchanged to change the direction of the original if necessary.
- the cartridge case is very short, so that it may still be leaves the cartridge chamber in the acceleration phase or shortly after this. Since the support element and the
- Rifle is easily adaptable to right or left-handed shooters.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the rear part of the barrel and the breech of a shotgun according to the invention, with the breech closed and locked.
- FIG. 2 shows a section as in FIG. 1, but with the breech unlocked and immediately after a shot has been fired;
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a longitudinal section through the closure carrier, on a slightly enlarged scale compared to FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 3.2 shows a perspective view of the closure carrier shown in FIG. 3.1 obliquely from above;
- FIG. 4a shows the detail of FIG. 4, enlarged and seen transversely to the longitudinal direction of the weapon; 5.1 is a view of the locking block from behind;
- FIG. 6 shows a view of the closure approximately in the state shown in FIG. 1, obliquely from above;
- FIG. 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX through the disassembly block of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section through the rear part of the barrel and the breech of a shotgun according to the invention, with the breech closed and locked;
- FIG. 11 shows a section as in FIG. 1, but with the breech unlocked and immediately after a shot has been fired;
- FIGS. 12.1 shows a longitudinal section through the closure carrier, on a slightly enlarged scale compared to FIGS. 1 and 2;
- 12.2 is a perspective view of the closure carrier shown in FIG. 3.1 obliquely from above;
- FIG. 13 shows a view of the closure approximately in the state shown in FIG. 1, obliquely from above;
- 14 is an oblique view of a breech of a self-loading shotgun, which is equipped with the arrangement according to the invention, 15 is a top view of the closure with ejector,
- Fig. 17 is a partial view of an ejector, seen from the front or the back.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the closure of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross section through the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, and
- FIG. 21 shows a horizontal section through the breech head, with the rear part of a cartridge.
- the rifle which is only partially shown, is a self-loading shotgun that can be provided with a box magazine (FIGS. 1, 2).
- the shotgun has a barrel 1 with a central axis. Soul axis 37 on.
- a cartridge chamber 3 is formed, to which an end section 4 of the barrel piece 1 connects to the rear.
- the end section 4 has an approximately U-shaped, downwardly open cross section (FIG. 4) and has a central, upper locking recess 5 and two at the bottom Locking notches 6 on. The latter sit in the free
- a groove 10 which runs parallel to the core axis 37 and in which a cartridge extractor 61 (FIG. 6) can run, is provided approximately halfway up each U-leg.
- the cartridge chamber 3 is closed by a breech head 11 when the weapon is ready to fire. This is penetrated by a front vertical transverse bore, which in turn receives a locking block 25.
- This locking block has a reverse T-shaped cross section transverse to the axis of the core (FIG. 5); with a conical locking extension 7 at the free (upper) end of the central shaft and one locking finger 8 at each of the two ends of the (lower) transverse shaft.
- the locking extension 7 engages in the locking recess 5 and at the same time the locking fingers 8 in the locking notches 6.
- All engagement surfaces are at an angle to the vertical, in order to enable the locking block 25 to be engaged and released easily in the end section 4 of the running piece 1.
- the oblique angles of the surfaces are so low that the engagement is self-locking, that is to say cannot be opened to the rear by a force on the closure head 11 along the core axis 37.
- Running piece 1 and breech head 11 are thus directly connected to one another during the shot and transmit the high initial forces directly to one another. No other element is affected by the power transmission.
- the rear end of the running piece 1 can therefore be embedded in a plastic housing 2.
- the greatest forces occurring are not introduced into the housing 2.
- the closure head 11 sits on a closure carrier 13 (Fig. 3.1 and 3.2). This is movable relative to the closure head 11 by a certain distance.
- the closure carrier 13 has a longitudinal recess 54, a transverse recess 53 in the region below the locking block 25, and a flat surface 59 behind it.
- the transverse recess 53 is delimited on both sides of the longitudinal recess 54 by a nose 55, which projects upwards and backwards and projects beyond the flat surface 59.
- the locking block 25 is designed so that the lower surface of its in its upper locking position
- Transverse shaft is approximately flush with the lower surface of the closure head 11 (Fig. 1). In this position, the closure carrier 13 can move back and forth under the locking block 25, and the closure head 11 and the locking block 25 can slide on the flat surface 59 of the closure carrier 13.
- the unlocked locking head 11 runs in a guide (not shown) in the housing 2 such that the locking block 25 cannot move upward.
- a closing spring 9 (only indicated schematically as a direction of force).
- a bevel 57 forming the rear wall of the transverse recess 53 loads the locking block 25 in the upward direction, that is, pushes it upwards during its forward movement until finally the flat surface 59 engages under the locking block 25 and the position of FIG. 1 is reached again.
- a rotatable disassembly block 27 is arranged behind the locking block 25 and approximately parallel to the central shaft thereof, which block is held in its position of use by a catch 28 (FIGS. 1, 2, 6 and 8, 9).
- the disassembly block 27 is received in a rear, vertical transverse bore 23 in the closure head 11.
- the catch 28 can be triggered through the bore 24 in the closure head 11 (FIG. 6).
- the locking block 25 and the disassembly block 27 are penetrated by a firing pin 19 and each have a bore 31 and 34 for this purpose.
- the lower end of the disassembly block 27 is designed as a hammer foot 51, which runs in an upwardly open groove 49 with an inverted T-shaped cross section in the closure carrier 13.
- a shoulder 35 of the firing pin 19 runs against a projection 36 behind it in the bore of the disassembly block 27 on. This prevents the firing pin 19 from falling out of the locking head 11 in the position of use. If the disassembly block 27 is rotated by about an eighth of a turn after overcoming the detent 28, the firing pin 19 can can be removed to the rear. Because in this state the operating state, ie in the position of use, in which the hammer foot 51 engages under the flanks of the groove 49 on both sides and the disassembly block 27 is held by its catch 28, a shoulder 35 of the firing pin 19 runs against a projection 36 behind it in the bore of the disassembly block 27 on. This prevents the firing pin 19 from falling out of the locking head 11 in the position of use. If the disas
- the bore 31 penetrated by the firing pin 19 in the locking block 25 is formed as an elongated hole which allows the locking block 25 to assume the positions of FIGS. 1 and 2 (locked and unlocked) despite the presence of the firing pin 19.
- the firing pin 19 has a thickening 29 behind the elongated hole 31, while in the rear of the elongated hole 31 a beveled recess 33 complementary to the thickening 29 is formed at the bottom.
- the recess 33 and the firing pin thickening 29 are designed in such a way that the firing pin 19 can only dip into the elongated hole 31 when the locking block 25 is in its uppermost position (locking position in FIG. 1). In this position, the firing pin 19 can penetrate so deeply into the elongated hole 31 that its tip can come out of the front face of the breechhead 11 to ignite a cartridge.
- a firing pin spring is therefore usually superfluous and therefore need not be provided.
- a handle such as a sliding forearm, could now be attached to the closure carrier 13.
- a removable lock could fix this handle in the foremost position.
- the closing spring 9 is of course not necessary, but the handle and thus the breech holder would be moved back and forth to load the weapon.
- the locking head 11 is extended to the rear by a central extension tube 15, which also receives and guides the firing pin 19, which is also extended here.
- the rear end of the closure carrier 13 is expanded to form an abutment 43.
- an intermediate piece 39 is suspended from the top of the closure carrier 13 in such a way that it is held forward by a step 40 in the closure carrier 13, but is displaceable to the rear.
- Abutment 43 and intermediate piece 39 each have a through hole, both of which are aligned with one another and penetrated by the extension tube 15.
- the extension tube 15 serves as a holder for a strong compression spring or opening spring 17, which is preferably designed as a helically bent wire spring and surrounds the extension tube.
- the compression spring 17 is supported in the relaxed state at the rear and front on the abutment 43 or on the intermediate piece 39 (until the intermediate piece 39 sits on the step 40 of the closure carrier 13).
- the strong opening spring 17 is largely ineffective. It only comes into effect when, in the locked position of FIG. 1, the closure head 11 moves backwards relative to the closure carrier 13.
- the elastomer buffers 41 are preferably composed of several ring elements and preferably consist of a material with high hysteresis. If a weak cartridge is fired, the elastomer buffers 41 are not or hardly compressed. But if a very strong ke cartridge is fired, then the two elastomeric buffers 41 are strongly compressed, giving less energy when they expand again than they have previously absorbed. The increased recoil energy of strong cartridges is at least partially destroyed - more precisely converted into other forms of energy. As a result, the breech is capable of firing cartridges with very strongly varying recoil energy and thus muzzle energy, without another locking spring 17 having to be used or malfunctions occurring. A separate stop between the closure head 11 and the closure carrier 13 is missing. Only the arrangement of opening springs 17 and elastomer buffer (s) 41 serves as a stop.
- closure 11, 13 shown Another advantage of the closure 11, 13 shown is that in its unlocked state (FIG. 2) the front surface of its closure carrier 13 protrudes a little beyond the front surface of the closure head 11. In this way, a cartridge can be conveyed upwards without its bottom catching on a cartridge extractor or on any projection of the front surface of the closure head 11.
- the breech head 11 in this exemplary embodiment unusually has two cartridge extractors 61 located opposite one another.
- a cartridge extractor 61 is shown further enlarged in FIG. 7.
- it has a hook-like design with a rear-facing hook surface 63, which is intended to sit on the edge of a shotgun cartridge from the front. This edge is curved forward and outward, so that the hook surface 63 rests on a curved formation.
- the cartridge ejector (not shown) is arranged on the right or on the left, the cartridge case will move to the left or to the left ejected on the right.
- FIG. 9-12 A repeating rifle is shown in Fig. 9-12.
- the previous FIGS. 4, 5.1, 5.2, 7, 8 and 9 also apply to this embodiment.
- the repeating shotgun which is only partially shown, can be provided with a box magazine (FIGS. 10, 11).
- the shotgun has a barrel 1 with a central axis or core axis 37.
- a cartridge chamber 3 is formed, to which an end section 4 of the barrel piece 1 is connected to the rear.
- the end section 4 has an approximately U-shaped cross section which is open at the bottom and has a central, upper locking recess 5 and two locking notches 6 at the bottom. The latter sit in the free ends of the two legs of the U-section.
- the cartridge chamber 3 is closed to the rear by a breech head 11 when the weapon is ready to fire. This is penetrated by a front vertical transverse bore, which in turn receives a locking block 25.
- This locking block points, as already above described, transverse to the axis of the soul on an inverted T-shaped cross-section; with a conical locking extension 7 at the free (upper) end of the central shaft and one locking finger 8 at each of the two ends of the (lower) transverse shaft.
- the locking extension 7 engages in the locking recess 5 and at the same time the locking fingers 8 in the locking notches 6.
- All engagement surfaces are at an angle to the vertical, in order to enable the locking block 25 to be engaged and released easily in the end section 4 of the barrel piece 1.
- the oblique angles of the surfaces are so low that the engagement is self-locking, that is to say cannot be opened to the rear by a force on the closure head 11 along the core axis 37.
- Running piece 1 and breech head 11 are thus directly connected to one another during the shot and transmit the high initial forces directly to one another. No other element is affected by the power transmission.
- the rear end of the running piece 1 can therefore be embedded in a plastic housing 2. The greatest forces occurring are not introduced into the housing 2.
- the closure head 11 is seated on a closure carrier 13 (FIGS. 12.1 and 12.2). This is movable relative to the closure head 11 by a certain distance.
- the closure carrier 13 has: a longitudinal recess 54, a transverse recess 53 in the region below the locking block 25, and behind this a flat surface 59.
- the transverse recess 53 is delimited on both sides of the longitudinal recess 54 by a nose 55 which protrudes upwards and backwards and projects above the flat surface 59.
- the locking block 25 is designed such that the lower surface of its transverse shaft is approximately flush with the lower surface of the locking head 11 in its upper locking position (FIG. 10). In this position, the closure carrier 13 can move back and forth under the locking block 25, and the closure head 11 and the locking block 25 can slide on the flat surface 59 of the closure carrier 13.
- the unlocked locking head 11 runs in a guide (not shown) in the housing 2 such that the locking block 25 cannot move upward.
- a closing spring 9 (only indicated schematically as a direction of force).
- a bevel 57 forming the rear wall of the transverse recess 53 loads the locking block 25 in the upward direction, that is, pushes it upwards during its forward movement until finally the flat surface 59 engages under the locking block 25 and the position of FIG. 1 is reached again.
- a rotatable disassembly block 27 is arranged behind the locking block 25 and approximately parallel to its central shaft, which is held in its position of use by a catch 28 (FIGS. 10, 11, 13 and 8, 9). The disassembly block 27 is received in a rear, vertical transverse bore 23 in the closure head 11.
- the locking block 25 and the disassembly block 27 are penetrated by a firing pin 19 and each have a bore 31 and 34 for this purpose.
- the lower end of the disassembly block 27 is designed as a hammer foot 51, which runs in the longitudinal recess 54 with an inverted T-shaped cross section in the closure carrier 13.
- a shoulder 35 of the firing pin 19 runs against a projection 36 behind it in the bore of the disassembly block 27. This prevents the firing pin 19 from falling out of the locking head 11 in the position of use. If the disassembly block 27 is rotated about an eighth of a turn after overcoming the detent 28, the firing pin 19 can be removed to the rear.
- the penetrated by the firing pin 19 bore 31 in the locking block 25 is formed as an elongated hole that it Locking block 25 allowed, despite the presence of the
- Firing pin 19 to take the positions of FIGS. 1 and 2 (locked and unlocked).
- the firing pin 19 has a thickening 29 behind the elongated hole 31, while in the rear of the elongated hole 31, a beveled recess 33 complementary to the thickening 29 is formed at the bottom.
- the recess 33 and the firing pin thickening 29 are designed so that the firing pin 19 can only dip into the elongated hole 31 when the locking block 25 is in its uppermost position (locking position of FIG. 10). In this position, the firing pin 19 can penetrate so deeply into the elongated hole 31 that its tip can come out of the front face of the breechhead 11 to ignite a cartridge.
- the recess 33 presses the firing pin thickening 29 back so far due to its special shape that the firing pin tip can no longer reach a cartridge. This ensures that a cartridge can only be fired if the breech head 11 is locked sufficiently.
- thickening 29 and paragraph 35 hold the firing pin 19 loosely between two end positions; the beveled recess 33 of the locking block forces the firing pin to be pulled back when unlocking.
- a firing pin spring is therefore usually superfluous and therefore need not be provided.
- a handle 65 is attached to the closure carrier 13 and is connected, for example, to a displaceable fore-end. A releasable lock could fix this handle in the foremost position.
- the handle and thus the breech carrier are moved back and forth to load the weapon.
- the closure carrier 13 is pulled backwards, with its lugs 55 pulling the locking block 25 downward and then taking the closure head 11 with it during its further backward movement.
- the rear end of the closure carrier 13 tensions the cock of a known knock-off mechanism, not shown here, and carries out a loading movement.
- the handle 65 is pushed forward, the locking block 25 is pushed up again in the manner described above and is supported from below with the flat, upper surface 59 of the closure carrier 13. It is completely irrelevant whether the closure carrier 13 is one millimeter further forward or not. Tolerances on one another therefore have no influence.
- closure 11, 13 shown An advantage of the closure 11, 13 shown is that in its unlocked state (FIG. 11) the front surface of its closure carrier 13 protrudes a little beyond the front surface of the closure head 11. In this way, a cartridge can be conveyed upwards without its bottom catching on a cartridge extractor or on any projection of the front surface of the closure head 11.
- the breech head 11 in this exemplary embodiment unusually has two cartridge extractors 61 located opposite one another. This corresponds to the cartridge extractor 61 of FIG. 7.
- Fig. 14 shows a locking head 71 which is movable along two guide rods 73.
- This closure has a butt plate 75, on either side of which an extractor claw 77 is attached.
- the extractor claw 77 is shown enlarged in FIG. 16.
- the central shaft of which has a bore 79 at the end.
- a rear leg 81 and a front leg 83 extend transversely from the central shaft at its other end.
- the rear leg 81 carries at its free end an angled connecting piece 85 which is intended for engagement in a spiral compression spring (not shown).
- the front leg 83 carries at its free end the actual claw 87, which has a surface 89 facing the central shaft, which extends at an acute angle to the extension of the central shaft, and thus also at an acute angle to the butt plate 75 (FIG. 15).
- the two extractor claws 77 can each be pivoted about an axis, for example in the form of a retaining pin 91, which in each case passes through the bore 79.
- the closure 1 has on both sides a longitudinal web 95, on the outside of which the corresponding extractor claw 77 is attached.
- Each longitudinal web 95 has an upper and a lower edge which extend into the butt plate 75.
- Fig. 15 the closure of Fig. 14 is shown in plan view.
- the two claws 77 sit on both sides of a cartridge 93.
- An ejector 97 is located behind the closure 71 in the area of its return. This ejector is shown broken off and seen from above. When viewed from the front or the rear, the ejector 97 has a U-shaped cross section. When the closure 71 runs back, one of the longitudinal webs 95 runs through the ejector 97. The two U-legs of this ejector 97 overlap and underlap the corresponding longitudinal web 95 and their ends reach the butt plate 75. The ends of these legs are denoted by 99 in FIG.
- the pusher 97 remains stationary during this closing movement.
- the longitudinal web 95 moves backwards through the two legs of the ejector 97.
- the bottom of the cartridge 93 runs onto its ends 99 and is pressed against the (right) extractor claw 77 there. Due to the interaction of the round contour of the cartridge edge with the inclined surface 89 (FIG. 16), the extractor claw 77 is pushed back and the ejector 97 gives the right part of the cartridge edge a strong impact, so that the cartridge 93 tilts around the left extractor 77 and is thrown out.
- the pusher 97 can be inserted into a longitudinal or transverse groove in the weapon housing. A component of the weapon or a pen can hold the ejector in this position.
- the parts shown belong to a large-caliber self-loading rifle for grenade cartridges, the total length of which is approximately 90 mm, but the sleeve length is less than 30 mm.
- the caliber is 20 mm. All figures show the same design; the reference numerals apply to all figures.
- the rifle has a barrel 101 which is inserted into a force introduction part 104.
- the rear end of the barrel 101 is designed as a cartridge chamber 103.
- the cartridge case 165 of a cartridge 163 is received in the cartridge chamber.
- the force introduction part 104 forms a central anchoring element on which not only the barrel 101 but also a housing, target electronics, a belt carrier and an attachment (grenade launcher, rapid-fire rifle, etc.) can also be attached.
- the force introduction part 104 is penetrated above the receiving bore for the barrel 101 and parallel to it by a bore whose front part has a smaller diameter than the bore 167 for the closing spring tube 169 and opens into a larger bore which has a gas cylinder 171 forms.
- the transition between the two bores 167, 171 is chamfered. This transition is connected to the barrel 101 by a gas extraction bore 173 which extends transversely to this and opens into this at the end of the cartridge chamber 103.
- a one-piece tube which is composed of two cylindrical tube sections with different diameters: a closing spring tube 169 and a gas piston 175.
- the closing spring tube 169 is displaceably but essentially sealingly in the bore 167.
- the gas piston 175 sits displaceably but essentially sealingly in the gas cylinder 171.
- the shoulder between the two pipe sections 169 and 175 forms the active surface of the gas piston 175.
- the gas piston 175 is integrally extended to the rear by a closure carrier 113.
- the movable component consisting of the tube 169, the gas piston 175 and the closure carrier 113 is penetrated by a bore which is open towards the rear. The front of the hole is closed. In this bore, a closing spring receiving bore sits a closing spring, not shown here, which is supported behind the arrangement shown in the closure.
- a loading lever engages on the front of the closing spring tube 169 (not shown here), by means of which the entire component 169, 175, 113 can be pushed back against the force of the closing spring.
- the closure carrier is moved back either manually or automatically. He travels in a straight line of motion that runs parallel to the central axis of the barrel. Longitudinal grooves (not shown) in the housing guide the closure carrier, together with the guidance of the closing spring tube 169 in the bore 167 and the gas piston 175 in the gas cylinder 171, in each case in the force introduction part 104.
- a locking head 111 is located behind the barrel 101 and thus under the locking carrier 113. This can be moved back and forth together with the locking carrier 113, but not alone. The movement distance is longer than the length of a cartridge 163. The movement of the closure head 111 is also guided by longitudinal grooves or webs, not shown, in the housing.
- the locking head 111 is penetrated by a locking bolt 125, which has the shape of a vertical letter “T, the vertical bar of which penetrates a vertical bore 121 in the locking head 111.
- This vertical bar ends at the bottom in a locking extension 107.
- a transverse, horizontal bar of the "T" ends on both sides in a locking finger 108.
- the horizontal bar has a coupling projection 183 extending to the rear.
- three abutments for the locking bolt 125 are formed in the force introduction part 104, namely a lower locking recess 105 forming a conical bore, the center of which lies on a vertical which passes through the center axis of the barrel, and two this vertical symmetrical locking notches 106.
- the locking notches 106 sit in front of projections of the inner surface of the force introduction part 104.
- the locking bolt 125 If the locking bolt 125 is in the lower position shown, the locking position, then it engages with the locking extension 107 in the locking recess 105, and the locking fingers 108 engage in the locking notches 106. The closure head 111 is then firmly locked in the force introduction part 104. This is the locking position of the locking bolt 125.
- a firing pin 119 passes through the locking pin 125 horizontally and in the center, based on the barrel 101.
- the firing pin 119 penetrates an elongated hole 131 in the locking pin 125, so that it can move freely between the locking position and the unlocking position.
- the firing pin 119 has a shoulder or a thickening 129 in the rear part.
- the rear side of the elongated hole 131 is provided with a bevel 133 which extends obliquely upwards and forwards from below and behind. This bevel allows the firing pin 119 to dip into the locking pin 125 from behind when it is in the locking position shown.
- the bevel 133 pushes the thickening 129 of the firing pin 119 and thus backwards.
- the firing pin can therefore only reach its foremost position when the locking pin 125 is in its locking position, so that a cartridge 163 can only be fired in this position.
- a spring which is required in other weapons to push the firing pin 119 back, is replaced here by the positive control, which is realized by the bevel 133.
- the locking carrier 113 In the locked position of the locking bolt 125 (lower position), the locking carrier 113 is in the foremost position (FIG. 18).
- the locking projection 185 sits over the locking bolt 125 and prevents it from being able to move out of its position.
- the position of the rocker arm 187 is as shown in FIG. 18.
- the locking projection 185 also runs backwards and releases the locking bolt 125.
- the locking projection 185 runs against the vertical leg of the rocker arm 187 and subsequently pivots it (clockwise in the drawing).
- the horizontal leg of the rocker arm 187 lifts the coupling projection 183 and thus also the locking bolt 125.
- Its upper part now falls into a coupling groove 191, which is formed on the underside of the closure carrier 113 in front of the bevel 193.
- the locking projection 185 runs onto the upper leg of the rocker arm 187 and keeps it tilted so that it holds the locking bolt 125 in the upper position in which it engages in the groove 191.
- the locking bolt 125 and thus the locking head 111 thus forcibly follow the movement of the locking carrier 113 to the rear.
- a housing design (not shown) engages under the locking bolt 125 from below and prevents it from falling down. The described connection between the parts is thus maintained.
- the breech head 111 When the breech carrier 113 runs forward again, the breech head 111 first strikes against the rear of the barrel 101. Are at this point then under the sections 108, 107 of the locking bolt 125, the recesses 106, 105 of the force introduction part 104 (see FIG. 20). The locking bolt can now fall down.
- the weapon is now ready to fire when a cartridge 163 is in the chamber 103.
- the length of the cartridge sleeve 165 is less than a third of the total return of the breech 111, 113. This means that the cartridge sleeve 165 is already fully extended from the cartridge chamber 103 before the breech 111, 113 is noticeably braked by the closing spring becomes. However, the acceleration phase of the closure 111, 113 is already complete, since the barrel 101 must be practically depressurized when the cartridge case 165 is fully extended.
- the butt plate 181 of the closure head 111 is therefore provided with an edge web 195 at the top and bottom. It is more difficult to ensure the lateral hold of the cartridge case 165.
- Fig. 4 is a horizontal
- Section through the center of the closure head 111 shows.
- the closure head 111 has two slot-shaped recesses 110 on both sides and symmetrically to one another, which runs out to the rear through a spring bore 197.
- An extractor claw 161 is inserted into one of the cutouts 110 (the lower one), on which a spring (not shown) acts in the associated spring bore 197 via a plunger.
- the extractor claw 161 is pivotable about a vertical axis.
- This support body 199 is similar overall to the extractor claw 161, but is a little larger, so that it cannot move in the recess 110.
- the support body 199 does not engage around the cartridge base of a cartridge 163 located in the cartridge chamber 104.
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10240891 | 2002-09-04 | ||
| DE10240891A DE10240891A1 (de) | 2002-09-04 | 2002-09-04 | Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem Verschluß |
| PCT/EP2003/009483 WO2004029534A2 (de) | 2002-09-04 | 2003-08-27 | Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1535012A2 true EP1535012A2 (de) | 2005-06-01 |
| EP1535012B1 EP1535012B1 (de) | 2009-02-11 |
Family
ID=31724340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03798134A Expired - Lifetime EP1535012B1 (de) | 2002-09-04 | 2003-08-27 | Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1535012B1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100664792B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE422653T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003260463A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2493602C (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10240891A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2321929T3 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT1535012E (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004029534A2 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200501827B (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101263903B1 (ko) | 2011-03-09 | 2013-05-13 | 류진우 | 분해식 약실이 구비된 소총 |
| KR101263907B1 (ko) | 2011-03-24 | 2013-05-13 | 류진우 | 가스관 내장형 총열이 구비된 소총 |
| AT510442B1 (de) | 2011-08-24 | 2012-04-15 | Wilhelm Bubits | Pistole mit verriegelung durch verriegelungskörper |
| TR201715303A2 (tr) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-22 | Armsan Silah Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi | Tüfekler İçin Yeni Bir Mekanizma Yapısı |
| IT201800006179A1 (it) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-11 | Gerardo Gabriele Restaino | Meccanismo di chiusura per armi da fuoco portatili con espulsione anteriore del bossolo |
| DE102018114064A1 (de) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | L&O Hunting Group GmbH | Verschluss eines Repetiergewehr und Repetiergewehr mit einem derartigen Verschluss |
| CZ309594B6 (cs) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-05-03 | Česká Zbrojovka A.S. | Palná zbraň |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE374753C (de) * | 1923-04-27 | Felix Delu | Selbstladepistole | |
| US2732768A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | E browning | ||
| US1043670A (en) * | 1910-12-07 | 1912-11-05 | Rheinische Metallw & Maschf | Breech-block mechanism for firearms or guns. |
| FR637155A (fr) * | 1926-10-30 | 1928-04-24 | Perfectionnements aux mécanismes extracteurs pour étuis de cartouches à bourrelet mince | |
| BE398412A (de) * | 1932-09-03 | |||
| BE413944A (de) * | 1935-03-15 | |||
| NL59745C (de) * | 1938-07-13 | |||
| BE467864A (de) * | 1945-09-21 | |||
| BE473028A (de) * | 1946-05-04 | |||
| FR1266597A (fr) * | 1960-06-02 | 1961-07-17 | France Etat Armement | Procédé et dispositif d'emprunt de gaz pour armes automatiques |
| US3213558A (en) * | 1964-03-04 | 1965-10-26 | High Standard Mfg Corp | Means for mounting bolt-actuating device for firearms |
| US3776096A (en) * | 1971-10-21 | 1973-12-04 | J Donovan | Gas operated firearm |
| FI48878C (fi) | 1973-01-26 | 1975-01-10 | Valmet Oy | Patruunan hylsyn ulosvetäjä kiertyväsulkuisiin aseisiin. |
| US3791060A (en) * | 1973-03-08 | 1974-02-12 | N Weaver | Convertible bolt action rifle |
| IT1172795B (it) * | 1983-05-09 | 1987-06-18 | Benelli Armi Spa | Chiusura a testina rotante ed otturatore per armi da fuoco automatiche a funzionamento inerziale utilizzante l'energia cinetica del rinculo |
| US4580484A (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1986-04-08 | Moore Wildey J | Firearm and firearm conversion unit |
| AT393028B (de) * | 1986-04-08 | 1991-07-25 | Maximilian Vojta | Gasentnahmesystem fuer eine feuerwaffe |
| US5983774A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1999-11-16 | Mihaita; Ion | Machine gun |
-
2002
- 2002-09-04 DE DE10240891A patent/DE10240891A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-08-27 WO PCT/EP2003/009483 patent/WO2004029534A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-27 AU AU2003260463A patent/AU2003260463A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-27 AT AT03798134T patent/ATE422653T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-27 PT PT03798134T patent/PT1535012E/pt unknown
- 2003-08-27 KR KR1020057003729A patent/KR100664792B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 EP EP03798134A patent/EP1535012B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-27 DE DE50311173T patent/DE50311173D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-27 ES ES03798134T patent/ES2321929T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-27 CA CA002493602A patent/CA2493602C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-03 ZA ZA200501827A patent/ZA200501827B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004029534A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10240891A1 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
| WO2004029534A3 (de) | 2004-06-03 |
| DE50311173D1 (de) | 2009-03-26 |
| KR100664792B1 (ko) | 2007-01-04 |
| AU2003260463A8 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
| PT1535012E (pt) | 2009-04-09 |
| KR20050112073A (ko) | 2005-11-29 |
| AU2003260463A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
| ATE422653T1 (de) | 2009-02-15 |
| ZA200501827B (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| WO2004029534A2 (de) | 2004-04-08 |
| CA2493602C (en) | 2008-10-14 |
| EP1535012B1 (de) | 2009-02-11 |
| CA2493602A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
| ES2321929T3 (es) | 2009-06-15 |
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