EP1526203A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le rinçage d'un tissu sous forme de boyau - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif pour le rinçage d'un tissu sous forme de boyau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1526203A1 EP1526203A1 EP04024826A EP04024826A EP1526203A1 EP 1526203 A1 EP1526203 A1 EP 1526203A1 EP 04024826 A EP04024826 A EP 04024826A EP 04024826 A EP04024826 A EP 04024826A EP 1526203 A1 EP1526203 A1 EP 1526203A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rinsing
- strand
- dirt
- rinsing liquid
- goods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 208000017975 His bundle tachycardia Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009971 piece dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/28—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics propelled by, or with the aid of, jets of the treating material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/24—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics in roped form
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/34—Driving arrangements of machines or apparatus
- D06B3/36—Drive control
Definitions
- the textile is in the form of an endless warp in a closed container by means of a Circulated transport nozzle system in the form of a JET nozzle, which acted upon with a transport medium flow is that the goods strand his advancing movement in the given Circumferential granted.
- the transport medium is included
- a treatment fleet that is process-dependent Additives can be mixed and during the the process flow to different temperatures can be brought.
- rinses are required in which substances that have an affinity to have the textile goods, located in this or stick to their surface, have to be washed away, after being through your own preparation processes, like Desizing, bleaching, washing, saponifying, etc. first or simultaneously with the rinsing process in solution, emulsion, or dispersion.
- a dilution process acts in the course of which the concentration of the wegzu Andersonenden Dirt particles lowered in the rinse liquid
- Another procedure involves rinsing between two different levels of rinsing liquid in the container.
- the circulation movement of the goods strand Do not pour through while flushing and draining the treatment liquid interrupted.
- the rinsing liquid is circulated by a circulation pump, usually the liquor pump, during the treatment period circulated, with appropriate control the rinsing liquid inlet into the container and the Rinse fluid drain from the container in the container a SpülillonkeitsPart is maintained, the between an upper and a lower level (the minimum level for proper operation of the circulation pump) commutes.
- a circulation pump usually the liquor pump
- a third method is finally rinsing in the overflow. It is in circulating strand of goods in the container contained dirt laden treatment liquor continuous rinsing liquid, usually water, supplied, while the excess is diluted by the rinsing fluid Treatment liquor on a through an overflow pipe certain level is continuously lowered. The washing success results here by a continuous dilution the treatment bath; he can by appropriate Monitoring of the overflow over the overflow line, in increasing extent diluted treatment liquor determined become.
- the object of the invention is therefore a rinsing process for textile material on JET treatment machines to create that allows the rinse fluid consumption, i.e. usually the rinse water consumption and the Carrying out the rinsing required time low and according to the existing one Conditions so that the production costs for the entire, requiring a rinse Wet finishing process can be minimized.
- the invention is based on the recognition that at JET treatment machines according to the aerodynamic principle the transport of the endless stock of goods from the treatment fleet is independent because of the strand of goods through the Actuation of the venturi transport nozzle with a gaseous Transport medium, if necessary, supported by a foreign driven reel takes place and therefore new possibilities for rinsing the goods revealed.
- the calculation model can be done during the flushing process recorded data will be updated. Besides that, can be the computing model by simple experiments with the in the practical flushing operation obtained data compare and oaks.
- the inventive method in which a direct Rinsing the product with rinsing liquid takes place can now so be designed that the success of the flushing process is ongoing or monitored on-line at intervals.
- the thus determined, characteristic for the respective dishwashing success Data can be in the controller and in particular into the calculation model, to the rinsing process automatically to change or to determine the end of the rinsing process. Changes in the rinsing process can, for example, such happen that the rinse liquid order on the goods strand at the beginning of the rinsing process, i. at the first Circulations of the goods strand differently, in particular higher as towards the end of the flushing process.
- the measurement of the dirt load can be done in the container running rinse water and / or directly on the strand of goods respectively.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to know the data required for the flushing process the flushing process to optimize.
- the control itself can control the water consumption or the required production time depending on the existing production conditions, such as water price, Calculate production volume and the like. Of the Operator or programmer of wet treatment machine the control only needs to know if the flushing process in terms of water consumption or terms the production time should be optimized.
- the high temperature shown schematically in Figure 1 (HT) -Stückfärbemaschine has a pressure-resistant, cylindrical Container 1, in which a closable by a cover 2 Operating opening 3 leads, through which a Strand of goods 4 can be introduced.
- the product strand 4 is via a driven-third reel 5 in a Venturi transport nozzle 6 introduced, followed by a Abtafler 7 connects.
- the Abtafler 7 sets the from the transport nozzle. 6 emerging strand of goods 4 tabulated in a memory. 8 from, from the endless strand of goods through the reel 5 again is pulled out.
- the reel 5 and the transport nozzle 6 are housed in housing parts 9, with the container 1 are connected liquid-tight.
- the product strand 4 was after insertion through the operating opening 3 at its ends connected to an endless loop of goods.
- the transport nozzle 6 is provided with a gaseous transport medium flow charged, which the continuous strand of goods 4 in a direction indicated by an arrow 10 circulating sense circulated.
- the transport medium is present Fall air or a vapor-air mixture passing through a Blower 11 and a suction line 12 sucked out of the container 1 and via a pressure line 13 in the transport nozzle. 6 is transported.
- a liquor outlet 14 is arranged below, which contains a Fleettensieb 15 and with a Suction line 16 of a liquor circulating pump 17 is connected, whose pressure line 18 includes a heat exchanger 19 and via a control valve 20 opens into the transport nozzle 6.
- the Fleet circulation pump 17 allows sucked from the container 1 Fleet on the transport nozzle 6 and the container. 1 to circulate.
- Parallel to the heat exchanger 19 and the liquor circulating pump is a bypass line 22, the one Includes shut-off valve 23 and the liquor drain 14 with the Pressure line 21 connects.
- an additive container 24 in aqueous solution, emulsion or dispersion contains a chemical additive that via an additive pump 25 and a connecting line 26 in the suction line 16 of the liquor circulating pump 17 are fed can.
- a drain valve 27 of the liquor drain 14 and a Inlet valve 28 in the suction line 16 of the liquor circulating pump 17 are opened. Flows via the inlet valve 28 Rinse water in the suction line 16, as by a Arrow 29 is indicated.
- the incoming rinse water can if necessary from the additional container 24 with the flushing facilitating or supporting additives and in the heat exchanger 19 to an appropriate Rinse temperature are brought before it into the transport nozzle 6 occurs.
- the fan 11 is turned on and promotes a via the lines 12, 13, the transport nozzle 6 and the container 1 circulating transport air flow, the goods strand 4 in the direction of rotation 10 drives.
- the entering into the transport nozzle 6 rinse water is in the transport nozzle 6 on the product strand forming Ware applied.
- the from the reel 5 from the memory. 8 withdrawn strand of goods 4 is entering the transport nozzle 6 soaked with dirt-laden liquor passing through the product strand is introduced into the transport nozzle 6.
- In the transport nozzle 6 is mixed with the Dirt-laden liquor, which passes over the rope in the Transport nozzle passes and by injection over the Pressure line 21 supplied flushing water.
- Dishwashing success can be determined on-line by sensor means 32 be that of the effluent from the container 1 dirt-laden rinse water are flowed through.
- the sensor means 32 monitor, for example, the pH, the electrical Conductance and the turbidity of the effluent rinse water and give appropriate, characteristic for these sizes electrical Signals as data in a computer 33 of the controller one.
- the supply becomes again turned off and the piece dyeing machine is for set up the next wet treatment step.
- the goods strand is through the from the fan 11 promoted air flow independent of the driven injected flushing water quantity.
- the rotational speed of the strand 4 are constantly changed, while the Control valve 20 allows the injected per unit time Rinse water amount, controlled by a computer 33 to change.
- the rotational speed of the strand 4 also be changed by that the computer 33 a downstream of the fan 11 in the Pressure line 13 lying throttle 34 controls.
- the injected Rinse water quantity can also be controlled by a control be changed to the circulation pump 17, as shown in Figure 1 is indicated.
- the introduced with the product strand 4 in the transport nozzle 6 Amount of dirt laden fleet essentially depends from factors such as weight, substrate and weight Presentation of the product strand 4. From this it is calculated how much Liters of liquid can absorb the strand of goods. The Amount of actually absorbed liquid in the ratio set to the product weight results in the so-called "Pick up". It also depends on the speed of the goods strand 4. The with the strand of goods in the Transport nozzle 6 introduced dirt-laden fleet depends directly on the speed of rotation of the strand of goods from.
- Tables 1, 2 show that by varying the amount of flushing water per unit time (Injection amount) and the goods running speed as they indicated by the dark fields of the table is, e.g. a time saving of 75% can be achieved while at the same time the required amount of flushing water only to 38% increases.
- the illustrated embodiment shows that at low flushing water costs at the expense of increased flushing water consumption the quantity of goods produced and thus the Yield can be increased significantly, because the rinsing time is shortened while at high Spülwasserêt by Extension of the rinsing time and, therefore, by use additional machine capacity of the cost can be significantly reduced.
- the rinsing liquid is injected into the transport nozzle 6 ( Figure 1) and thus applied to the fabric strand 4.
- the new flushing process can be carried out such that the rinsing liquid inressstranglaufweg and / or after the transport nozzle 6 on the product strand 4 is applied.
- FIG. 1 illustrated schematically by way of example.
- In the housing 9 opens above the reel 5 a example. From the pressure line 21 outgoing Spülillonkeitstechnisch 34, in the one Control valve 35 is controlled by the computer 33 can be. This ensures that the in the transport nozzle 6 entering strand already with rinsing liquid loaded.
- the line 34 does not necessarily need to be in the area to open above the reel 5. Depending on the particular Given conditions, the mouth of the line 34 somewhere between the reel and the nozzle gap of the Venturi transport nozzle 6 lie. In addition, embodiments are also conceivable in which the mouth of the conduit 34 in which between the Memory 8 and the reel 5 lying (vertical) Laufwegs Scheme the product strand 4 is and rinsing liquid already applied to the fabric strand 4 before this the reel reaches 5. In Fig. 1, this variant is with a dash-dotted line indicated that a pressure line 34a, in which a control valve 35a is located, which can also be controlled by the computer 33.
- the rinse liquid order on the fabric strand 4 also one in the goods flow way behind the Transport nozzle 6 opening pressure line 36 may be provided the example.
- a control valve 37 which is controlled by the computer 33 becomes. In this way it is possible behind the transport nozzle Rinse liquid either alternatively or additionally on the strand 4 give up.
- the entry of the Washing success detecting sensor means 32 not necessarily must be located behind the drain valve 27, to monitor the draining flushed rinse liquid.
- the measurement or determination for the dirt load Characteristic data can also directly on the strand of goods 4 done.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10349375A DE10349375B4 (de) | 2003-10-21 | 2003-10-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spülen von strangförmigen Textilgut |
DE10349375 | 2003-10-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1526203A1 true EP1526203A1 (fr) | 2005-04-27 |
EP1526203B1 EP1526203B1 (fr) | 2009-03-25 |
Family
ID=34384420
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04024826A Ceased EP1526203B1 (fr) | 2003-10-21 | 2004-10-19 | Procédé et dispositif pour le rinçage d'un tissu sous forme de boyau |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060180182A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1526203B1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100717106B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1306099C (fr) |
DE (2) | DE10349375B4 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1073136A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10349377B4 (de) * | 2003-10-21 | 2008-04-10 | Then Maschinen (B.V.I.) Ltd., Road Town | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gleichmäßigen Aufbringen von Behandlungsmitteln auf einen Warenstrang |
DE102007036408B3 (de) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-12-18 | Then Maschinen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von strangförmiger Textilware |
DE202012013234U1 (de) * | 2011-05-11 | 2015-08-13 | Zhejiang Yinhe Printing & Dyeing Co., Ltd. | Luftstromzerstäubungsfärbemaschinensystem |
CN104142304A (zh) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-11-12 | 立信染整机械(深圳)有限公司 | 染色机水洗程序的检测和控制方法 |
WO2016105290A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | A Enerji̇ Si̇stemleri̇ Sanayi Ve Ti̇caret Limited Şirketi | Machine à laver un tissu de corde continu |
CN104894772A (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏海大印染机械有限公司 | 一种绒布绒毛印染装置 |
CN114486725B (zh) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-09-02 | 徐州金明针织有限公司 | 一种天鹅绒面料时效检测装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1362415A (en) * | 1970-09-21 | 1974-08-07 | Clermont Vinas M T | Apparatus for treating textile materials |
US3949575A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1976-04-13 | Gaston County Dyeing Machine Company | Jet machine and processing method |
DE3636517A1 (de) * | 1986-10-27 | 1988-06-23 | Thies Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum faerben von textilgut |
EP0945538A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-09-29 | T H E N Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement des étoffes textiles sous forme de boyau |
EP1241289A1 (fr) | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-18 | Chin-Lin Teng | Machine à teindre pneumatique-hydraulique |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2536769B1 (fr) * | 1982-11-29 | 1985-09-27 | Air Liquide | Procede de neutralisation acceleree de substrats textiles cellulosiques et appareils de mise en oeuvre |
DE3724075A1 (de) * | 1987-07-21 | 1989-02-02 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zum behandeln von textilgut in jet-faerbemaschinen sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung desselben |
US4936119A (en) * | 1989-05-04 | 1990-06-26 | Texfi Industries, Inc. | Venturi device for fluid-jet dyeing apparatus |
US5170523A (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-12-15 | Scholl America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for wet processing of fabric |
DE4426336A1 (de) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-02 | Thies Gmbh & Co | Verfahren zur Behandlung einer textilen Warenbahn sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben |
US5520027A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-05-28 | Guilford Mills, Inc. | Apparatus for wet processing of textile fabric |
US5659912A (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-08-26 | Thies Gmbh & Co. | Process for the removal of residues from textile substrates |
CN1096520C (zh) * | 1997-04-29 | 2002-12-18 | 江兆城 | 喷雾式可开幅气力振动加速染色机 |
DE19813477C2 (de) * | 1998-03-27 | 2001-11-08 | Then Maschinen Und Appbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von strangförmigem Textilgut |
UA73147C2 (en) * | 1999-11-02 | 2005-06-15 | Apparatus for continuous and combined action for vibration-intensified dyeing with spraying at whole width of the fabric | |
GB2364329B (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2004-02-11 | Falmer Investment Ltd | Jet dyeing machine for and method of dyeing a fabric rope |
CN1193127C (zh) * | 2002-10-29 | 2005-03-16 | 邓金麟 | 气液式染液喷涂装置的改进 |
-
2003
- 2003-10-21 DE DE10349375A patent/DE10349375B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-19 DE DE502004009210T patent/DE502004009210D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-19 EP EP04024826A patent/EP1526203B1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-19 US US10/967,336 patent/US20060180182A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-20 CN CNB2004100860697A patent/CN1306099C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-21 KR KR1020040084390A patent/KR100717106B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2005
- 2005-08-04 HK HK05106728A patent/HK1073136A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1362415A (en) * | 1970-09-21 | 1974-08-07 | Clermont Vinas M T | Apparatus for treating textile materials |
US3949575A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1976-04-13 | Gaston County Dyeing Machine Company | Jet machine and processing method |
DE3636517A1 (de) * | 1986-10-27 | 1988-06-23 | Thies Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum faerben von textilgut |
EP0945538A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-09-29 | T H E N Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement des étoffes textiles sous forme de boyau |
EP1241289A1 (fr) | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-18 | Chin-Lin Teng | Machine à teindre pneumatique-hydraulique |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
HEETJANS J H: "OPTIMISING THE BATCH DYEING PROCESS USING NEW RINSING PROCEDURES", INTERNATIONAL DYER, TEXTILE BUSINESS PRESS LTD. LONDON, GB, vol. 181, no. 11, 1 November 1996 (1996-11-01), pages 14,17,19,22,, XP000629413, ISSN: 0020-658X * |
J.H. HEETJANS: "Maschine erzielbaren Warendurchsatz", THIES GMBH & CO. |
MELLIAND, TEXTILBERICHTE, vol. 6, 1997, pages 428 - 433 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004009210D1 (de) | 2009-05-07 |
DE10349375B4 (de) | 2008-04-10 |
CN1306099C (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
EP1526203B1 (fr) | 2009-03-25 |
KR20050038572A (ko) | 2005-04-27 |
US20060180182A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
CN1616738A (zh) | 2005-05-18 |
HK1073136A1 (en) | 2005-09-23 |
KR100717106B1 (ko) | 2007-05-11 |
DE10349375A1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
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