Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F7/00—Ventilation
  • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
  • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains

Definitions

• the invention relates to a suction device and a method for suctioning gases, in particular for smoke extraction in the event of a fire, for use in a building, with at least one suction device. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a building with at least one suction device of the type mentioned.
• Suction devices and related extraction methods for smoke extraction are already known in practice.
• smoke extraction is initiated automatically in the event of a fire as soon as a fire is detected via appropriate smoke detectors.
• certain measures are used to try to prevent the smoke from spreading from the area of the building that has been hit by the fire to neighboring areas.
• smoke aprons or fire protection doors are usually provided to separate the individual areas.
• the term “building” does not only mean houses or similar real estate, but also buildings as a whole, which also includes tunnels, in particular mountain tunnels.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a suction device and a method for extracting gases, in particular for smoke extraction in the event of a fire, and a building of the type mentioned at the outset, it should be possible in a simple manner for all applications, one in the event of a fire Avoiding the spread of smoke from the part of the building caught by the fire to the neighboring part of the building or from one section of the building to the next.
• At least one air curtain device is provided according to the invention in the suction device mentioned at the outset, with which an air curtain is generated which is used to shield the part of the building in which suction is being carried out from another part of the building, and in particular to prevent the passage of smoke into the other part of the building. Accordingly, it is provided in accordance with the method that at least one air curtain is generated at one point of the building at another point of the building during the extraction of the gas in order to shield the part of the building in which it is extracted from another part of the building by means of the air curtain, and in particular to transfer smoke in the shielded prevent part of the building.
• the combination of the suction in connection with the simultaneous formation of air curtains is essential to the invention.
• the air curtain has the essential advantage that it does not have a physical, ie. H. structural shielding, so it is easily possible for people to pass through the air curtain.
• H. structural shielding so it is easily possible for people to pass through the air curtain.
• a corresponding control device is provided so that both the suction device and the air curtain device can be activated or controlled directly in the event of a fire.
• the control device which can also assume a regular function during the operation of the suction device, serves for the simultaneous or sequential activation of the suction device and the air curtain device. In the event of a fire, it is thus possible to use the control device to extract certain air or volume flows that are preset for the respective application, or to supply them to the air curtain device. Basically, the same volume flow is supplied to both devices. However, it is also possible that the control device intervenes in a controlling or regulating manner in the aforementioned air flows, depending on the pressure difference between the suction device and the air curtain device.
• the suction device should preferably have a linear detection element which is designed such that suction is carried out over the entire cross section of the part of the building in which the detection element of the suction device is arranged.
• the suction is preferably implemented via a swirl hood, since it can be used to implement linear suction in a simple and effective manner and, at the same time, impulsive flows, such as those that occur at train stations, can be easily absorbed in the resulting vortex structure.
• the vortex hood should advantageously be arranged approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis of the relevant part of the building, preferably in the area of the ceiling, since the flue gases arising in the event of a fire rise to the ceiling due to the thermal effects. It is also favorable to extend the swirl hood or further swirl hoods in the area of one or both side walls and possibly also in the area of the floor of the relevant part of the building, so that it can be ensured in any case that the entire cross section of the relevant part of the building is covered by the suction ,
• the design of the detection element is determined, among other things, by the spatial conditions in the relevant part of the building.
• the air curtain device can be arranged in the relevant part of the building.
• the air curtain device should therefore preferably be arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of this part of the building in the area of the ceiling of the relevant part of the building.
• An arrangement on one or both side walls or even on the floor is basically possible.
• two parts of the building which are located at different heights, are above a further building designed as a corridor or inclined shaft. Partly connected to each other or the building represents a (sloping) tunnel itself.
• a further part of the building there can be an escalator, an escalator or just a (stair) staircase.
• a suction device is provided, while an air curtain is provided in the area of the transition from the other part of the building to the upper part of the building or at the upper end of the tunnel is.
• the respective number of egg directions depends, among other things, on the size or length of the relevant part of the building in which the suction device is to be effective, and on the required suction or blow-out capacity. In any case, it is favorable to arrange the individual egg directions alternately along the longitudinal axis of the part of the building. In the case of long, possibly inclined mountain tunnels, it may be advisable to alternately provide a suction device and an air curtain device at a distance of between 30 m and 200 m. The above distances are the external limit values. Any distance between them is possible, i.e. 30 m, 32 m ... 198 m and 199 m.
• a suction device in each case is provided, while an air curtain device is provided in the further part of the building, in particular in its central area.
• the control device is designed such that, in the event of a fire, only the suction device facing the source of the fire is put into operation.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a building according to the invention with a suction device
• FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a swirl hood of the suction device according to the invention
• Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of different parts of the building of another building according to the invention.
• Fig. 4 is a schematic view of another part of the building with a suction device according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a building 1 or building with a suction device for extracting flue gases and thus for smoke extraction in the event of a fire.
• building does not only mean the building area above ground, but also that underground building areas that are connected to the above-ground building area and also mountain tunnels also fall under the term "building”.
• Building 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a station with an above-ground station building 2, an underground subway area 3, areas 2 and 3 being connected to one another via an inclined shaft 4 in which an escalator 5 is located.
• a treadmill or steps can also be provided in the inclined shaft 4.
• the suction device has a suction device 6, which in the present case is arranged at the transition from the subway area 3 to the inclined shaft 4.
• an air curtain device 7 is provided with which an air curtain is generated, which is indicated by the arrow L.
• the air curtain L serves to shield the station building 2 and, in particular, to prevent the passage of smoke into this area.
• the combination of the suction device 6 and the air curtain device 7 can ensure effective shielding or the passage of smoke in a simple manner. be prevented. It is true that each individual system component alone can basically provide a shield, but then, in comparison to the combination of the two devices, a multiple of the respective individual volume flows would be necessary via a corresponding suction device or a corresponding air curtain device.
• control the suction device 6 and the air curtain device 7 are each coupled to a control device 8.
• the control device 8 activates the suction device 6 and the air curtain device 7 in the event of a fire.
• the control device 8 is assigned fire detectors or responsive sensors, not shown in detail.
• the control device 8 can basically perform a purely control function, namely activation of the suction device 6 and the air curtain device 7 in the event of a fire with a predetermined air flow to be extracted via the suction device 6 or a predetermined volume flow to be supplied via the air curtain device 7.
• the suction device 6 has corresponding suction means such as fans, lines and the like for suction via the detection element 9.
• the detection element 9 is linear and is arranged approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis A of the subway area 3.
• the detection element 9 can only be arranged on the ceiling 10, on one or both side walls 11, 12 or else on the bottom 13 of the area 3.
• the detection element 9 has a frame-like shape and extends over the entire circumference of the area 3.
• a portal-like configuration is also possible - without arranging a detection element on the floor 13. It is important that an attempt is made to record the entire cross section of area 3 via the suction.
• the detection element 9 of the suction device 6 is a swirl hood, in which a vertebral depression is created during operation.
• the angular sink is based on the principle of cyclones occurring in nature and arises from the overlapping of two singularities, the sink current and the potential wirbeis.
• the vertebral sink can be technically created by two opposite suction openings. The inflow stimulates the circulation, which grows very quickly into a pronounced eddy mountain range, with the two opposing negative pressure fields joining together to form a linear vertebral depression. A vortex thread forms in the center, within which axial cross currents are established.
• the core of the vortex rotates like a solid body and has a uniform pressure distribution in its longitudinal direction, which causes a uniform inflow over the entire length of the vortex.
• the main advantage of this flow form is due to the flow velocities, which are 50-100 times greater than normal flow sinks, which enable the detection of impulsive material flows, such as thermal flue gas flows, particularly well.
• the air curtain device 7 has a housing 14 with a blow-out head 15 and a blower 16.
• One or more nozzles for generating the air curtain L are provided in the blow-out head 15.
• the blow-out head 15 of the air curtain device 7 is arranged approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis of the inclined shaft 4 in the region of the transition from the inclined shaft 4 to the station building 2.
• the blow-out head 15 of the air curtain device 7 is designed in such a way that a flat, low-turbulence air jet is formed, which is blown out from the ceiling approximately vertically downwards.
• the air curtain device 7 from one of the side surfaces in the region of the inclined shaft 4 and to blow out air for the air curtain L. As indicated by the arrows X in FIG. 1, air is drawn in via the blower 16 during the operation of the air curtain device 7 in order to generate the air curtain.
• a device (not shown in detail) for automatically opening the outer doors or other openings in the station building 2 is provided.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 While only one suction device 6 and one air curtain device 7 are provided in the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of such components are provided in the embodiments in accordance with FIGS. 3 and 4.
• two building parts 2a and 3a are provided, which are at the same height level. These two building parts 2a and 3a are connected to one another via a further building part 4a designed as a corridor.
• the cross section of the building part 4a is smaller than the cross section of the building parts 2a, 3a.
• a suction device 6 is provided in the area of the transition from the building part 2a to the building part 4a and from the building part 3a to the building part 4a.
• an air curtain device 7 for generating an air curtain L.
• this embodiment it is the case that in the In the event of a fire, only the suction device 6 facing the source of the fire is put into operation.
• FIG. 4 shows an elongated part 4a of the building, in which a plurality of suction devices 6 and air curtain devices 7 are provided distributed over the length of the building part 4a.
• the part of the building can also be a horizontal or inclined (although not shown) tunnel or mountain tunnel.
• the arrangement of the individual facilities is alternating.
• the distance between the individual devices is determined by the respective output or the air flows to be extracted or supplied.
• the distance in a mountain tunnel can be around 100 m. Otherwise, it is indicated that the blow-out heads 15 of the suction device 6 can be pivoted and, if necessary, can be pivoted in one direction or the other.
• At least one fire detection sensor is provided in the area of the air curtain device, which, when a fire source is detected in this area, interacts with the control device in such a way that the air curtain device is not put into operation in this case in order not to supply any further oxygen to the source of the fire and that Spreading the fire thereby favoring it. It goes without saying that this configuration can in principle also be implemented in all of the other embodiments described above.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
• Ventilation (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-28 DE DE10158214A patent/DE10158214B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-11-28 AU AU2002356744A patent/AU2002356744A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-11-28 WO PCT/EP2002/013405 patent/WO2003046443A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-11-28 EP EP02803806A patent/EP1448935B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-11-28 DE DE50210604T patent/DE50210604D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-11-28 AT AT02803806T patent/ATE368832T1/de active

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