EP1420123B1 - Elément de construction en ceramique - Google Patents

Elément de construction en ceramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1420123B1
EP1420123B1 EP03025577A EP03025577A EP1420123B1 EP 1420123 B1 EP1420123 B1 EP 1420123B1 EP 03025577 A EP03025577 A EP 03025577A EP 03025577 A EP03025577 A EP 03025577A EP 1420123 B1 EP1420123 B1 EP 1420123B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
construction element
element according
anchor body
anchor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03025577A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1420123A1 (fr
Inventor
Claus Girnghuber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moeding Keramikfassaden GmbH
Original Assignee
Moeding Keramikfassaden GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moeding Keramikfassaden GmbH filed Critical Moeding Keramikfassaden GmbH
Publication of EP1420123A1 publication Critical patent/EP1420123A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1420123B1 publication Critical patent/EP1420123B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/22—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members built-up by elements jointed in line
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/01—Grilles fixed to walls, doors, or windows; Grilles moving with doors or windows; Walls formed as grilles, e.g. claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0439—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the cross-section comprising open parts and hollow parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0478—X-shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ceramic components for arrangement in a building, preferably in a building or a stationary support structure, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim 10.
  • ceramic components are known, which are designed as so-called baguettes. They are suspended in stationary supporting structures on the building wall usually in a horizontal orientation. As a rule, attachment arms acting on the ceramic bodies on the face side are provided for this purpose.
  • the ceramic body is designed as a hollow profile body and the profile cavity is penetrated by a metal rod on which the ceramic body is mounted plugged.
  • the stationary suspension usually follows in the region of the front ends of the metal rods.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop the ceramic components of the type mentioned so that a crash protection and / or rotation can be realized.
  • the anchor body may preferably extend over the entire longitudinal or surface extension of the ceramic body to engage along its extension in one or more recesses of the ceramic body and thus support the ceramic body over a longer portion of its extension or at several points along the extension direction.
  • the anchor body is preferably supported for this purpose even in the building or the stationary support structure. It preferably forms the bearing body of the ceramic component. Alternatively or additionally, the ceramic body itself can be supported directly on a separate support structure on the building or the stationary support structure.
  • anchor body ensures that at a fraction of the ceramic body portions of the ceramic body in the Suspension on the building or fixed support structure remain.
  • the anchor body can also represent the function of a rotational securing of the ceramic body in the stationary mounting position. This results in a corresponding manner due to the support of the ceramic body by engagement of the anchor body in the recess or recesses of the anchor body.
  • the recess in which engages the anchor body, is formed undercut in cross-section. Due to the undercut entanglement is obtained to keep in this way any fragments in the case of breakage of the ceramic body or to realize the most secure against rotation of the ceramic body.
  • a support over a larger area along the extension direction of the ceramic body is obtained in embodiments in which the recess is formed as a groove extending in the extension direction of the ceramic body.
  • the anchor body engages over the entire longitudinal extent or at least a larger portion of this groove in the groove and thus supports the ceramic body over a greater length range, preferably over the entire longitudinal extent.
  • the recess may be formed as a recess in the otherwise flat or curved wall.
  • the recess may also be formed in a corner region of angularly abutting walls of the cavity and in this case under the corner and under or engage behind.
  • the anchor body may be accommodated in one or more of the cavities. Hollow body designs having one or more cavities may form so-called baguettes which may be suspended from the building or other fixed support structure in corresponding bearings.
  • the storage may be stationary rigid, but also movable, e.g. swiveling done.
  • the ceramic body may be filled with a potting compound in the space in which the anchor body is arranged, or alternatively be formed without potting compound as a hollow body.
  • a concrete body between the legs of the ceramic body and the anchor body is embedded in the concrete body in all embodiments.
  • the ceramic body is plate-shaped.
  • the ceramic body may be formed as a so-called ceramic glare.
  • Both Embodiments as ceramic tile are many other diverse designs of the ceramic body possible, for example, with right angles, mutually arranged legs preferably L-shaped or U-shaped or curved curved shapes with one or more legs, the legs can be different lengths and in the arrangement in Buildings can be vertical or horizontal or slanted.
  • the anchor body is surrounded by a potting compound, which is one or more sides covered by the ceramic body.
  • the anchor body may preferably extend parallel to the back of the ceramic body formed by the plate-shaped body in these embodiments.
  • the anchor body may preferably extend between the legs arranged at an angle to one another in the longitudinal direction of the ceramic body.
  • the anchor body can engage in corresponding undercut grooves on the back of the ceramic body to form the anti-rotation and / or crash protection of the ceramic body.
  • the anchor body is formed as an elongate, preferably substantially rod-shaped body.
  • the anchor body has an elongate main body with radial arms or radial legs.
  • the anchor body or at least its elongated main body may be formed as a profile body.
  • the radial arms may be attached to the main body as separate arms.
  • the anchor body may also be integral with its radial arms or radial legs, e.g. be formed as a profile body.
  • a plurality of ceramic body modules arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction are penetrated by the anchor body.
  • the ceramic body modules can to a certain extent be threaded on the anchor body in a row one behind the other.
  • Ceramic body modules are preferably designed as identical or similarly constructed ceramic bodies.
  • the ceramic body modules may be different in cross-sectional design and / or their length design. Aside from a rectangular or round cross-sectional shape, they can also have any desired profiled cross-sectional shape.
  • stationary supportable support arms are arranged or connectable to the anchor body and / or on the ceramic body.
  • the fastening device may preferably be arranged or connectable in the region of a joint between two ceramic body modules. It may be provided joint inserts, which are integrally connected to a support arm and thus therefore can support the ceramic body outside its front end.
  • the ceramic body by cross-anchor body or more such a cross-bolt anchor body is clamped to the ceramic body to form a prestressed element or are.
  • the anchor body can be biased to train and the ceramic body to pressure. It can be provided that at opposite ends of the anchor body Vorspannwiderlagerglieder are arranged, which are supported in the region of the associated front ends of the ceramic body. In the area of these preload abutment members or in the region of the front ends of the anchor body projecting from the preload abutment members, the support of these preloaded components can take place. In this area can be provided that attacks a fixedly supported bearing.
  • FIG. 1 a is a horizontal fall construction 1 in a masonry 2 in installation position. It consists of ceramic tile 3 on a concrete body 6 provided with reinforcing anchors 6.
  • FIGS. 1 b and 1 c show two embodiments of this embodiment, resulting in the embodiment of the reinforcement anchor. 5 differ.
  • the concrete body 6 is substantially parallelepiped-shaped and carries on the front of the Blendriemchen 3.
  • the Blendriemchen 3 are formed in each case as a cross-sectional L-shaped profile elements, which are arranged side by side, adjacent to each other and in alignment, that each of the long profile leg vertically and the horizontal profile leg is arranged horizontally.
  • the reinforcement anchors 5 are formed in the embodiment in Fig. 1 b as a substantially rod-shaped body. There are two such reinforcing anchors 5 are arranged in the concrete body 6. Each consists of a rod-shaped main body 5s and radial extensions in the form of radially projecting arms 5a. At the free end of the radial arms 5a a hook-shaped, in the illustrated case T-shaped end piece is formed in each case. These hook-shaped end pieces engage in undercut grooves 3a formed on the inner side of the trim strips 3.
  • the reinforcement anchors 5 each extend in the concrete body with its rod-shaped main body 5s in the longitudinal direction of the concrete body 6 and thus in the arrangement in the building horizontally.
  • the radial arms 5a are perpendicular from the axis of the rod-shaped body 5s and are at an angle to each other.
  • one of the reinforcement anchors 5 is provided in the embodiment in Fig. 1b, that one of the radial arms 5b engages in a frontal hole 3b in a strap.
  • the reinforcement anchor 5 With their engaging in the recesses 3a and in the frontal hole 3b radial arms 5b a Bruchsturzab rejoin is obtained, which prevents the entire Blendriemchen or large fragments of Blendriemchen crash in the event of breakage of the Blendriemchen 3. It is ensured that fall in the case of fracture at most smaller fragments and the remaining essential pieces on the concrete body 6 secured by the reinforcement anchor 5 remain.
  • the reinforcement anchor 5 also form an anti-rotation characterized in that the reinforcement anchor 5 are formed substantially as a rigid body or at least rigidly embedded in the concrete body 6. They ensure that the slip-ring 3 and the aforementioned fall construction remain permanently in the building without twisting about the horizontal axis.
  • reinforcement armature 5 are provided in the form of profiles having a plate-shaped main body 50a with perpendicular to the plate plane protruding leg 50b and the front side parallel to the plate plane arranged leg 50c.
  • the free ends of the plate-shaped or formed as a radial rod-shaped arms legs 50b, 50c each have a cross-sectionally T-shaped end, which engage in the arranged on the inner wall of the facing 3 undercut recesses 3a to form a Bruchabsturzommezomme and anti-rotation.
  • a so-called ceramic baguette 21 for mounting in a building, preferably arranged horizontally at a distance in front of a building wall.
  • the baguette 21 consists of a ceramic body 23, which is formed as a hollow profile body and is penetrated in the longitudinal direction by an armature 25.
  • the armature 25 is, as can be seen from the sectional view in Fig. 2b, formed in cross-section substantially cross- or star-shaped. It has a tubular base body 25a with crosswise or star-shaped radially projecting legs 25b.
  • the ceramic body 23 is formed as a hollow profile body. It encloses a profile cavity 23h running in the longitudinal central axis, in which the anchor body 25 is arranged.
  • the profile cavity 23h has a plurality of axially extending undercut grooves 23a in the cavity wall forming the profile cavity.
  • the profile cavity 23h is in the embodiment in Fig. 2b in cross section square, wherein in the opposite sides of the square in each case centrally the undercut recesses are arranged.
  • the undercut recesses are formed substantially dovetail-shaped.
  • each cover plates 27 are arranged, which are connected to the end face of the ceramic body 23 adjacent to the ends of the armature 25 z.B via screw connection.
  • the ends of the armature 25 engage in corresponding holes in the cover plate or reach through and be fixed under screwing.
  • the executed ends of the armature 25 may have an external thread and be screwed on correspondingly outside of the cover plates 26 fitting nuts.
  • the profile cavity 23h which receives the anchor 25, via a filling material, e.g. Mortar or concrete to be filled.
  • plate-shaped mounting arms 27a preferably integrally formed with the cover plates 27 and they cantilever transversely to the direction of extension of the baguette outward and have mounting holes to make the mounting on the building wall 28 via mounting screws on the end-side cover plates.
  • the baguette shown in Fig. 2a is composed of two identical ceramic body modules 23 ', which lie flush against each other with the interposition of a joint liner on impact.
  • the overall arrangement of several baguettes 21 in a facade is shown in Fig. 2d.
  • the baguettes 21 are each arranged horizontally and parallel spaced apart in a common vertical plane at a distance parallel to the building wall.
  • the baguettes are in this case mounted on the front side arranged attachment arms 27a in a hanging in front of the building wall 28 support structure 29.
  • the support structure 29 consists of vertical profiles 29a, which are in front of the actual Building wall 28 is suspended via support struts 29b.
  • the vertical profiles of the support structure 29 form a mounting plane, which is arranged vertically aligned at a distance in front of the vertical building wall 2.
  • the structure of the baguettes 21 corresponds to that in the embodiment in Figures 2b and 2c.
  • the baguettes 21 may consist of only one ceramic body module 21 'or two or more ceramic body modules 21'.
  • radial arms 27b may be provided in addition to the end-side radial arms 27b, which engage in the region of the joint intermediate layer 22 on the ceramic body 21 and / or on the armature 25b and / or on the joint intermediate insert 22, preferably in one piece are formed with the latter.
  • the ceramic body 23 may also have a modified cross-section. Such preferred modified cross sections are shown in Figures 3a to 3i, 4a and 4b and 5a and 5b.
  • FIGS. 3 a to 3 i are ceramic bodies 23, each having a square cross section, in accordance with the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 b. Notwithstanding Fig. 2b, however, the profile cavities 23h are configured.
  • the cross section of the profile cavity 23h is also square.
  • the grooves 23a are different in arrangement and configuration from the embodiment in Fig. 2b. They are arranged not only centrally in the opposite square sides, but also in the corner regions of the square cross-section.
  • the cross sections of the grooves 23a are different. In the case shown in FIG. 3 a, they each have a pitch circle cross section.
  • the corner-side grooves 23a each have a partial circle cross-section, which are open only in the front eighth to the rest of the substantially square cross-section of the cavity 23a out.
  • the recesses 23a centered on the opposite square sides have a pitch circle cross-section, which is opened in its front third and so connected to the rest in cross-section square cavity 23 h.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 3b differs from that in FIG. 3a in that the recesses 23a which are central at the opposite square sides of the cross section are absent and the square-shaped cavity 23h has only the corner-side recesses 23a.
  • the recesses 23a which are part-circular in cross-section form in each case an undercut region in that the region opened to the remaining hollow space 23h is smaller than the circular diameter of the cross section.
  • the cavity 23h is substantially cross-shaped in cross-section. It consists of four cross-shaped at right angles to each other arranged hollow legs 23a.
  • round cross-section holes 231 are arranged in the wall of the ceramic body 23 between the hollow legs 23 a in each case round cross-section holes 231 are arranged.
  • the hollow legs 23a are each arranged in the diagonals connecting the vertices of the square cross section.
  • the cross section of the hollow legs is in each case slightly widened in the region near the corners, so that this region is designed as an undercut region.
  • the cavity 23h has a substantially square cross-section in basic configuration and the recesses 23a are also dovetailed.
  • the dovetail-shaped recesses 23a extend over a substantially larger area of the width of the opposite sides of the square cross-section.
  • the corner regions of the substantially square cross section are also rounded and in the wall of the ceramic body 23 in the corner regions in each case a circular in cross-section hole 231 is arranged.
  • the cavity 23h is also substantially in accordance with the embodiment in FIG. 2b formed square cross-sectional basic configuration and on opposite sides of the square cross-section also centrally arranged undercut grooves 23 a are formed. However, these are rectangular in cross section.
  • the cavity 23h is formed as a regular polygon, the basic shape being an octahedron. In the region of every second corner, a recess 23a which is dovetail-shaped in cross-section is formed.
  • the profile cavity is 23h in cross-section substantially dumbbell-shaped.
  • the cross-section is composed of two trapezoids which abut one another in the region of their shorter base side, at the distal ends of the double trapezoidal cross-section are widened regions which form the undercut region 23a.
  • two cross-sectionally dumbbell-shaped cavities 23h are arranged next to each other in the cross-section of the ceramic body 23, the dumbbell-shaped cross-sectional shape substantially corresponding to the cross section of the cavity 23h in FIG. 3h, the dumbbell shape being only somewhat flatter.
  • the ceramic body 23 has a circular outer cross-section, wherein the cavity 23 h is designed in the same way as the cavity 23 h in FIG. 3 f.
  • the embodiment in Fig. 4b is a modification of the embodiment in Fig. 4a, wherein the basic configuration of the cross section of the cavity 23h is circular.
  • the outer cross section of the ceramic body 23 is essentially lenticular, in both cases shown corresponding to the cross section of a double convex lens, wherein the front ends of the ceramic body are formed as flat end surfaces.
  • five cavities 23h are provided in each case, wherein the cavities in the frontal area are identical in each case have dumbbell-shaped cross-section.
  • a central cavity is arranged in the region of the longitudinal central axis. This cavity is formed in cross section to the longitudinal center plane symmetrically also dumbbell-shaped. Between this central cavity and the frontal cavities circular cavities are arranged in each case in cross section.
  • the end-face dumbbell-shaped cavities are formed corresponding to the cavities 23h of FIGS. 3h and 3i with a conical undercut region.
  • the middle dumbbell-shaped cavity is not formed with an undercut area conical in cross section, but with an undercut area which is rectangular in cross section.
  • the end-face cavities 23h have a T-shaped cross-sectional basic configuration with conical undercut areas in the ends.
  • the middle cavity is dumbbell-shaped in cross-section with rounded cross-sectional contours. Otherwise, the cross-sectional configuration corresponds to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 5a.
  • the ceramic body 23 has in each case at least one cavity 23h with at least one undercut region 23a.
  • the undercut area 23a is respectively formed in conjunction with an adjacent constriction of the cross-sectional area.
  • an armature 25 which engages in the undercut region 23a, thereby forming a fall protection and / or rotation.
  • the armatures 25 are not shown.
  • the armatures 25 may preferably be designed in the same way as the armature 25 illustrated in FIG.
  • anchors can also be provided, for example, in the manner of a conventional reinforcement or only for stationary However, they can also remain as empty through-holes.
  • the armature 25 may also be biased over the end face on the ceramic bodies 23 supported Vorspannwiderlager to train to bias the ceramic body 23 to pressure.
  • the baguettes 21 are obtained as prestressed components. This embodiment as prestressed components is particularly advantageous when it comes to baguettes, which are subjected to particular bending load due to their particularly large length or due to their material composition in the arrangement in the building.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (26)

  1. Élément de construction en céramique destiné à être monté dans un ouvrage, de préférence un bâtiment ou une structure porteuse (29) localement fixe, comportant un corps céramique (23) allongé, qui est réalisé sous forme de corps profilé creux, qui entoure une cavité profilée (23h), qui est orientée dans l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci et dans laquelle est agencé un corps d'ancrage (25) allongé, qui s'étend au moins sur une partie du corps céramique dans le sens longitudinal du corps céramique et qui est réalisé en métal, dans une matière plastique, un matériau renforcé par fibres, un matériau renforcé par des fibres de verre, un matériau composite renforcé par des fibres ou tout matériau similaire,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) comporte des bras ou branches (25b) saillantes dans le sens radial en forme de croix ou d'étoile, en ce que la cavité profilée (23h) comporte sur sa paroi intérieure plusieurs rainures (23a) orientées dans le sens axial, dans lesquelles le corps d'ancrage (25) s'engage avec ses branches (25b) ou bras en formant une protection anti-rotation et/ou une protection anti-chute en cas de cassure.
  2. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) est réalisé sous forme de corps profilé.
  3. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) comporte un corps de base (25a) en forme de barre, de préférence tubulaire, avec des branches (25b) saillantes sur celui-ci dans le sens radial en forme de croix ou d'étoile.
  4. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cavité profilée (23h) est comblée par un matériau de remplissage.
  5. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) traverse plusieurs modules (23'), qui sont disposés les uns derrière les autres dans le sens longitudinal et qui sont réalisés sous forme de corps céramique avec la même forme de section ou avec une section de forme quelconque.
  6. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) est précontraint avec les modules (23') du corps céramique.
  7. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que sur les extrémités frontales opposées du corps d'ancrage (25) sont disposés des butées de précontrainte, qui prennent appui dans la zone des extrémités frontales orientées l'une vers l'autre du corps d'ancrage (25).
  8. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que sur chacune des extrémités frontales opposées du corps d'ancrage (25) sont disposées des plaques de recouvrement (27), qui sont en appui contre la face frontale du corps céramique.
  9. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, pour la fixation de l'élément de construction en céramique contre la structure porteuse (29), des bras de fixation (27a) en forme de plaques sont prévus sur les plaques de recouvrement (27) des faces frontales et s'avancent en porte-à-faux vers l'extérieur perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale de l'élément de construction en céramique.
  10. Élément de construction en céramique destiné à être monté dans un ouvrage, de préférence un bâtiment ou une structure porteuse (29) localement fixe, comportant un corps céramique (3) en forme de plaque, qui est réalisé en une partie ou en plusieurs parties et comporte sur une surface au moins une rainure (3a), comportant au moins un corps d'ancrage (5, 50), ledit corps d'ancrage (5, 50) comportant au moins un bras (5a) saillant ou une branche (50b) saillante, le corps d'ancrage s'engageant avec son bras (5a) radial ou sa branche (50a) radiale dans la rainure (3a) moyennant la formation d'une protection anti-rotation et/ou d'une protection anti-chute en cas de cassure, du fait qu'il est prévu que le corps céramique est réalisé sous forme de corps plat qui est orienté parallèlement au corps d'ancrage, ou du fait que le corps céramique est réalisé sous forme de corps avec deux branches situées en angle l'une par rapport à l'autre et entre lesquelles est disposé le corps d'ancrage,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (5, 50) est enrobé de manière rigide dans un corps en béton (6) et le corps en béton porte le corps céramique (3) sur sa face avant, qui est située entre les branches disposées en angle du corps céramique et est masquée par les branches.
  11. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (5) est réalisé sous la forme d'un corps (5s) en forme de barre avec des bras (5a) saillants dans le sens radial.
  12. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (50) comporte un corps principal (50a) en forme de plaque avec des branches (50b) agencées en saillie perpendiculairement au plan de la plaque et des branches (50c) agencées du côté frontal parallèlement au plan de la plaque.
  13. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le bras (5a) comporte une extrémité en forme de crochet qui s'engage dans la rainure (3a).
  14. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le corps céramique (3) est réalisé sous forme de brique de parement.
  15. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la rainure (3a, 23a) du corps d'ancrage est réalisée avec une section en contre-dépouille.
  16. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs rainures (3a, 23a), de préférence parallèles entre elles, sont réalisées dans le corps céramique (3, 23).
  17. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les bras radiaux ou les branches profilées radiales sont réparties autour de l'axe longitudinal du corps d'ancrage (5, 25).
  18. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les bras radiaux ou les branches profilées radiales sont réparties en forme d'étoile autour de l'axe longitudinal du corps d'ancrage (5, 25).
  19. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) passe à travers le corps céramique (23) et est situé à fleur ou à peu près à fleur avec les extrémités frontales du corps céramique (23) ou s'avance en saillie au-delà des extrémités frontales.
  20. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs modules de corps céramique (23'), disposés les uns derrière les autres dans le sens longitudinal, sont traversés par le corps d'ancrage (25).
  21. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs modules de corps céramique (23'), de conception identique et disposés les uns derrière les autres dans le sens longitudinal, sont traversés par le corps d'ancrage (25).
  22. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un bras support (27a) fixe, apte à être mis en appui, est agencé sur le corps d'ancrage et/ou le corps céramique ou peut être assemblé à ceux-ci.
  23. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que le bras support (27a) est agencé sur le corps d'ancrage (25) ou peut être assemblé à celui-ci dans la zone d'une extrémité frontale du corps céramique (23) ou dans la zone d'une fente (22) entre deux modules de corps céramique (23').
  24. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage (25) ou plusieurs corps d'ancrage (25) qui passe(nt) à travers le corps céramique (23) est/sont précontraint(s) avec le corps céramique (23) moyennant la réalisation d'un élément précontraint.
  25. Élément de construction en céramique selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que la précontrainte est réalisée de telle sorte que le corps d'ancrage (25) est précontraint en traction et le corps céramique (23) est précontraint en pression.
  26. Élément de construction en céramique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que sur les extrémités frontales opposées du corps d'ancrage (25) sont disposées des butées de précontrainte, qui prennent appui dans la zone des extrémités frontales orientées l'une vers l'autre du corps céramique (23).
EP03025577A 2002-11-16 2003-11-08 Elément de construction en ceramique Expired - Fee Related EP1420123B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10253500 2002-11-16
DE2002153500 DE10253500A1 (de) 2002-11-16 2002-11-16 Keramikbauelement zur Anordnung in einem Bauwerk

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EP1420123A1 EP1420123A1 (fr) 2004-05-19
EP1420123B1 true EP1420123B1 (fr) 2007-05-16

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DK (1) DK1420123T3 (fr)

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CN104718333A (zh) * 2012-09-26 2015-06-17 夸伊-德·阿扎姆·埃多 抗腐蚀的混凝土加强构件
CN104005694A (zh) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-27 汤军 可锯切收缩的防护网格
IT202000023650A1 (it) * 2020-10-07 2022-04-07 Casalgrande Padana Spa Manufatto da rivestimento e rispettivo sistema di fissaggio
CN112523417A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-19 寿县宏宇新型节能建材科技有限公司 一种具有隔音隔热功能的空心砖

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB202461A (en) * 1922-06-23 1923-08-23 Clifford Lane Cummings Improvements relating to lintels or beams

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7221820U (de) * 1972-09-14 Roeschinger J Vorrichtung zur Befestigung von Fassadenplatten
GB875532A (en) * 1956-09-01 1961-08-23 Karl Leitl Improvements in or relating to structural members for forming tensile members such as beams
DE1276316B (de) * 1960-06-11 1968-08-29 Erich Stockmann Fertigbalken zum UEberdecken von OEffnungen im Mauerwerk
DE3636565A1 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-05 Cpm Ceramic Patent Management Keramik-fassadenplatten und aus derartigen platten hergestellte fassaden
DE9015602U1 (fr) * 1990-11-14 1991-02-14 Heidelberger Zement Ag, 6900 Heidelberg, De
DE29612473U1 (de) * 1996-07-18 1996-10-17 Aleksandrov Garri Dr Sturzelement für ein Ziegelmauerwerk

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB202461A (en) * 1922-06-23 1923-08-23 Clifford Lane Cummings Improvements relating to lintels or beams

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DK1420123T3 (da) 2007-09-24
EP1420123A1 (fr) 2004-05-19
DE10253500A1 (de) 2004-05-27

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