Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
  • B01D39/2055—Carbonaceous material
  • B01D39/2058—Carbonaceous material the material being particulate
  • B01D39/2062—Bonded, e.g. activated carbon blocks
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
  • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
  • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
  • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
  • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
  • A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
  • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
  • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0622—Melt-blown
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0627—Spun-bonded
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/08—Special characteristics of binders
  • B01D2239/086—Binders between particles or fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
  • B01D2239/1241—Particle diameter
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
  • Y10S55/33—Gas mask canister
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
  • Y10S55/35—Respirators and register filters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
  • Y10S55/42—Foam filter materials

Definitions

• the invention relates to a breathing air filter.
• Filter devices are known in the prior art which have a half mask and a filter element connected to the latter. If necessary, a person puts the half mask on his nose and mouth in such a way that he can only breathe in air that has previously flowed into the mask through the filter element. Such filter devices are relatively complex and not suitable for cheap mass production.
• a breathing air filter with: an air-permeable cover; and at least one filter layer which is arranged in the casing and contains activated carbon.
• This breathing air filter is very simple and made of cheap materials, so that it is particularly suitable for mass production. Since it only has to be large enough to sufficiently cover the person's nose and mouth, it is very compact and handy. Because of its low price and its small dimensions, it can be taken everywhere by anyone, just like paper handkerchiefs or chewing gum, and is therefore always ready for use. For example, it can easily be carried in the glove compartment of a passenger car in sufficient numbers for the occupants, so that they can delay poisoning in the event of a tunnel fire for a possibly decisive period.
• the activated carbon contained in the filter layers serves as a gas filter, which at least partially removes the harmful gases contained in the inhaled air by adsorption. Further features and designs of the invention are described in the subclaims.
• the cover is made of nonwoven.
• Other textile fabrics such as, for example, felts, knits, fabrics and knitted fabrics, can also be used for the casing, but nonwovens are much cheaper to produce than these.
• the nonwoven fabric is made of polypropylene fibers.
• polypropylene fibers can be charged electrostatically particularly easily and permanently. Since this is generally known in the prior art, further explanations are omitted here.
• the nonwoven is a spunbonded nonwoven, which can be produced, for example, by meltblowing, which is also referred to in the prior art as the meltblown process.
• the casing has a weight per unit area, which is also referred to as areal density, of 30 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably of 35 g / m 2 .
• the casing is electrostatically charged. Since the casing is electrostatically charged, it can hold back particles particularly well, such as soot particles, dust, smoke, mist and the like.
• the envelope thus serves as a particle filter.
• At least one filter layer consists of nonwoven.
• Other textile fabrics can also be used here, but nonwovens are preferred because of their lower price.
• each filter layer made of nonwoven has a basis weight of 170 to 210 g / m 2 , preferably 190 g / m 2 .
• At least one filter layer has activated carbon grains which are connected to one another.
• the activated carbon grains are connected to one another with the aid of an adhesive.
• Such a filter layer can then easily have activated carbon with a basis weight of 1000 to 1300 g / m 2 , preferably 1265 g / m 2 and adhesive with a basis weight of only 300 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably 335 g / m 2 , so the proportion of activated carbon with about
• the adhesive can be a, preferably open-cell, polyurethane foam. However, other materials can also be used as the adhesive.
• each filter layer with interconnected activated carbon grains has a weight per unit area of 250 to 2700 g / m 2 , preferably 1400 to 1800 g / m 2 , preferably 1500 to 1700 g / m 2 and preferably 1600 g / m 2 2 has.
• the proportion of activated carbon is between 70 and 90% by weight, preferably between 75 and 85% by weight, preferably 80% by weight, and the proportion of adhesive is between 10 and 30% by weight, preferably is between 15 and 25% by weight, preferably 20% by weight.
• At least one filter layer has a matrix material and activated carbon grains connected to it.
• the matrix material is a, preferably open-cell and / or reticulated, polyurethane foam.
• other materials can also be used as the matrix material.
• the activated carbon grains are connected to the matrix material with the aid of an adhesive.
• the adhesive can be an acrylic adhesive. However, other materials can also be used as the adhesive.
• Such a filter layer can then easily be activated carbon with a basis weight of 1000 to 1300 g / m 2 , preferably 1265 g / m 2 and matrix material and adhesive together with a basis weight of only 300 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably Wise 335 g / m 2 , so that the proportion of activated carbon with about 79% by weight is in the preferred case significantly larger than in the conventional activated carbon filter mats.
• each filter layer with activated carbon grains connected to a matrix material has a weight per unit area of 250 to 2700 g / m 2 , preferably 1400 to 1800 g / m 2 , preferably 1500 to 1700 g / m 2 and preferably of 1600 g / m 2 .
• the proportion of activated carbon is between 70 and 90% by weight, preferably between 75 and 85% by weight, preferably 80% by weight, and the proportion of matrix material and adhesive together between 10 and 30% by weight. %, preferably between 15 and 25% by weight, preferably 20% by weight.
• the grains are granules and / or crystals.
• the granules which are also referred to as granules, are each asymmetrical aggregates of powder particles, such as whole crystals or crystal fragments.
• the grains have a grain size of 0.01 to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
• the activated carbon is loaded with oxygen and / or ozone.
• the activated carbon is exposed to the corresponding gas before the breathing air filter is packaged, preferably gas-tight, until it has adsorbed the desired amount of gas. This can be done, for example, by storing the fully assembled breathing air filter in an appropriate gas atmosphere.
• the activated carbon loaded with oxygen and / or ozone releases it to the breathing air flowing through the filter layers, so that it is enriched with oxygen and / or ozone before it is inhaled.
• the breathing air filter thus also serves as an oxygen source.
• at least one filter layer has a means for filtering carbon monoxide.
• the agent causes an oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
• the agent can comprise at least one hopcalite.
• the hopcalite can consist, for example, of 60% MnO 2 and 40% CuO or of 50% MnO 2 , 30% CuO, 15% cobalt oxide and 5% Ag 2 O.
• At least two filter layers are arranged one above the other and there is an air-permeable separating layer between each two adjacent filter layers. Since the filter capacity increases with the number of filter layers, it is desirable that the breathing air to be cleaned must flow through as many filter layers as possible before it is inhaled. Unfortunately, with increasing number of filter layers, the flow resistance also increases, which can be significantly reduced here by the separating layers compared to a stack of filter layers in which the filter layers are stacked directly on top of one another.
• each separating layer consists of nonwoven.
• Other textile fabrics can also be used here, but nonwovens are preferred because of their lower price.
• the nonwoven fabric is made from polyester fibers.
• the nonwoven is a perforated, spunlaced nonwoven, that is to say a nonwoven that has been mechanically consolidated, for example by needling, meshing or swirling with the aid of water jets, and has a hole pattern.
• perforated spunlaced nonwovens is known in the prior art, so that it is not described further here.
• each separating layer has a weight per unit area of 35 to 65 g / m 2 , preferably 50 g / m 2 .
• FIG. 1 is a cross section of a breathing air filter in a first embodiment, which is packaged in a gas-tight manner;
• FIG. 2 is a top view of the breathing air filter of FIG. 1 held in the palm of your hand;
• FIG. 3 is a cross section of a breathing air filter in a second embodiment, which is packaged gas-tight.
• FIG. 1 shows a breathing air filter 10 in a first embodiment. It has an air-permeable cover 11, four filter layers 12 and three air-permeable separating layers 13.
• the sheath 11 consists of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, which is made of polypropylene fibers by melt spinning.
• the nonwoven fabric is permanently electrostatically charged and has a basis weight of 30 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably 35 g / m 2 .
• Each filter layer 12 consists of a rectangular piece of nonwoven fabric which has a width of 5 to 9 cm, preferably 7 cm, a length of 9 to 13 cm, preferably 11 cm, a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, preferably 2 mm and a basis weight of 170 to 210 g / m 2 , preferably 190 g / m 2 .
• the nonwoven fabric of the filter layers 12 serves on the one hand as a particle filter and on the other hand as a carrier for activated carbon, which in turn serves as a gas filter.
• the production of such activated carbon filter mats is known in the prior art, so that it is not described further here.
• Each separating layer 13 consists of a rectangular piece of spunlaced nonwoven fabric which is essentially the same width and length as the filter layers 12, a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, preferably 1.0 mm and a weight per unit area of 35 to 65 g / m 2 , preferably 50 g / m 2 .
• the nonwoven fabric is made of polyester fibers and has a perforated pattern.
• the four filter layers 12 and the three separating layers 13 are alternately arranged one above the other in such a way that they form a cuboid stack in which a separating layer 13 lies between each two adjacent filter layers 12. This stack is enclosed by the sleeve 11, which in turn is enclosed in a gas-tight manner in a packaging film 14.
• FIG. 3 shows a breathing air filter 10 in a second embodiment.
• This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment of FIG. 1 that instead of the four filter layers 12 and three separating layers 13, only one filter layer 12 'is provided in the casing 11 and that this filter layer 12' consists in a first alternative of activated carbon grains which are connected to one another with the aid of polyurethane foam.
• a matrix material which can be open-pore polyurethane foam, for example, and of activated carbon grains, which are connected to the matrix material with the aid of an acrylate adhesive.
• the breathing air filter 10 is inexpensive, compact and easy to use. Like a pack of paper handkerchiefs, it can therefore be carried anywhere by anyone at any time and can also be kept in the glove compartment of motor vehicles or in the bedside table of hotel rooms. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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• 2002
  • 2002-04-24 EP EP02764044A patent/EP1381409A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-04-24 JP JP2002582999A patent/JP2004535279A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-04-24 WO PCT/DE2002/001507 patent/WO2002085426A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2002-04-24 US US10/476,091 patent/US7101423B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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