EP1369751A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Substrat - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Substrat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1369751A1 EP1369751A1 EP03004610A EP03004610A EP1369751A1 EP 1369751 A1 EP1369751 A1 EP 1369751A1 EP 03004610 A EP03004610 A EP 03004610A EP 03004610 A EP03004610 A EP 03004610A EP 1369751 A1 EP1369751 A1 EP 1369751A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- substrate
- fixing
- preheating
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fixing toner on a substrate, in which a fixing device (fuser), preferably comprising a toner Contacting, heatable fuser roller, is used to apply the toner Heat temperature greater than or equal to its glass transition temperature.
- a fixing device preferably comprising a toner Contacting, heatable fuser roller
- the invention further relates to a device for fixing toner a substrate comprising a fixing device (fuser), preferably with a heatable fuser roller contacting the toner to apply the toner to a Heating temperature greater than or equal to its glass transition temperature, preferably to carry out the aforementioned method.
- a fixing device preferably with a heatable fuser roller contacting the toner to apply the toner to a Heating temperature greater than or equal to its glass transition temperature, preferably to carry out the aforementioned method.
- latent electrostatic Image with charged toner particles on an imaging drum developed and on a substrate or a printing material, such as paper in particular in the form of sheets or in the form of a continuous band.
- Four-color printing for example, turns four latent images into four Color separations cyan, magenta, yellow and black one after the other and one above the other transferred to the substrate.
- the finished single-color or multi-color latent image is then fixed on the substrate by means of a fixing device. This is usually done by means of a heatable fixing roller the toner image is unrolled and the toner is above its glass transition temperature heated, i.e. melts, and at the same time under pressure incorporated into the substrate to which it is fixed after it has cooled.
- Adjacent toner particles combine to form one Polymer layer on and on the substrate.
- a problem can arise with the described procedure if a larger one Number of printing operations can be carried out in a certain unit of time the process should be accelerated. Then namely Fusing process as a speed-limiting factor in the printing process, because it cannot be accelerated linearly.
- the fixing area is to be enlarged, this can be done in two ways done by increasing the pressure between the fuser roller and the counter pressure roller and this creates a larger flattened area, or by a fusing roller with a larger diameter is used.
- a higher pressure can in turn increase the life of the fuser roller, in particular their coating, can be reduced, and damage, in particular, there are wrinkles on the substrate.
- the diameter the fuser roller increases substrate jams can occur more easily.
- the construction costs and size are problematic.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, in particular for increasing the speed, the fixing device in one method or one Relieve device of the type mentioned, without any problems of the type described above only to be relocated locally.
- This object is achieved in terms of the method in that before the toner is heated by the fixing device, preheating without contact is carried out with which the toner is first heated to a temperature is heated less than or equal to its glass transition temperature.
- Preheating means that the toner is in the range of its glass transition temperature is heated, but does not exceed this temperature to avoid melting the toner.
- fixing heating the toner above its glass transition temperature.
- a toner with a glass transition temperature that is as sharply defined as possible is preferred used, so that a preheating and a fixation with their temperature ranges can be close together.
- the fixing process in particular relieves time and also with regard to the risk of Substrate jams without the problems from the fixing area to the preheating area would be advanced.
- the contactless preheating of particular advantage is the contactless preheating of particular advantage.
- a contacting preheating using a heatable saddle that is on the Toner-bearing substrate for heating can be pressed on Principle, for example known from US-A-4147922.
- Such saddles are, however of relatively large size and can in particular in the so-called Duplex printing, the double-sided printing of a substrate in the beauty and Opposite pressure, raise problems because such saddles are heated so high must, in particular that already on a first page (bottom) of the Substrate fixed print image can be softened and smeared again, especially since a counterpressure element is present on this underside.
- a preheating according to the invention without contact Temperature well below the glass transition temperature precise and constant can be set and the substrate can even be "floating", for example on an air cushion.
- the preheating is preferably carried out according to the invention by a microwave application, with which advantageously the substrate and indirectly via the substrate, but also in part the toner is heated immediately.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out on substrate sheets or (Continuously) applied to substrate tapes.
- any technique can be used, for example non-contact fixation by microwaves, infrared radiation, Flash exposure or the like, or by touch a belt or a fuser roller or the like. You can also do more Print quality parameters, such as toner gloss, are taken into account.
- the method according to the invention preferably provides that resonant or standing Find microwaves.
- the selection and / or Coordination of the resonators worked very targeted and needs-based and in particular various print quality features be worn, as will be explained in the following.
- the substrate can be exposed to the microwave be moistened. This can be, for example, at 100 ° C hot steam happen.
- the substrate can preferably be on both sides can be moistened to tension and bends of the substrate avoid.
- the toner carrying substrate becomes by condensation heat also already warmed.
- a Means of transport e.g. B. a suction belt or an electrostatic conveyor belt, to transport the substrate from the place of preheating to the place of fixation of the toner to a constant temperature of preferably about 40 ° C is tempered.
- Waste heat can be used to save energy or ensure high efficiency or energy waste in the broadest sense used for preheating or shared become.
- purge air can be heated.
- Waveguides bridging or avoiding distances can be attached to a magnetron towards the applicator.
- Against leakage radiation in the area of Applicator can have a so-called choke structure with lip-like on material gaps Projections may be provided. Also can absorbent material the outside of the applicator.
- a device for fixing toner on a substrate comprising a Fixing device (fuser), preferably with a contacting toner heatable fuser roller to bring the toner to a temperature greater than or equal to to heat its glass transition temperature, preferably to carry it out of the method according to the invention, which is distinguished according to the invention by a preheater for contactless preheating of the toner to a temperature less than or equal to its glass transition temperature independent protection claimed.
- the device according to the invention can be a microwave source to which the preheater for preheating by microwave application connected.
- the preheater can preferably at least one microwave resonator for generating standing microwaves include.
- several resonators with horizontal running microwaves in the substrate transport direction one behind the other and each transverse to each other by a fraction of a microwave length be arranged to heat as evenly as possible across the width to achieve the substrate.
- resonators for example, staggered, arranged perpendicular to each other through the substrate Train running microwaves.
- a basic design of a device according to the invention can, for example to a combination of a preheating device and a fixing device be designed in which at least one means of transport into the substrate Preheater transported and from the preheater to the fixing device transported, after which a cooling line for the toner-carrying Substrate follows to cool the toner back below its glass transition temperature to reach.
- All known types of one or several microwave applicators for generating resonant or non-resonant Microwaves can be used for preheating.
- the device can be easily opened, for example in the form of a clip in order to clear the substrate path in the event of a substrate jam To make traffic jams accessible.
- the plunger can be replaced by a defined end wall and the tuner can be replaced by fixed metal stubs and / or by blocks made of polytetrafluoroethylene in one Waveguide to adjust the length of the waveguide between the microwave source and the aperture to be replaced.
- the aperture which is the resonance chamber defined, can have any shape, in particular a rectangular or have spherical or curved shape.
- the wavelength can in the resonator i.e. the distance between the maxima, by the width of the Resonators perpendicular to the plane of the substrate can be optimized.
- the width of the maxima is, for example, 94 mm, 84 mm. Therefore with an overlap of two applicators an absolute tolerance of the substrate temperature of 6 ° C ( ⁇ 3 ° C, corresponding to ⁇ 5%) can be achieved.
- the distance between the maxima is only 73 mm, which too a tolerance of 4 ° C ( ⁇ 2 ° C, corresponding to ⁇ 3%).
- the height of a resonator in the substrate transport direction is optimized to a to achieve high electric field strength without discharges in the applicator. Therefore good results are achieved with heights of, for example, 54 mm, 34 mm, 24 mm and 20 mm.
- the smaller values are preferred for a higher electric field strength.
- a higher electrical field strength increases the efficiency of the microwave system for substrates with lower losses, such as paper.
- the frequency adjustment of a resonant applicator depends on the size in Longitudinal direction. After a long period of operation, the applicator may heat up due to wall losses caused by surface currents on the inner surface of the applicator, induced by microwave radiation in the applicator, into one Change the tuning (detuning) of the resonant applicator.
- the frequency-determining parts of the resonant applicator aperture and plunger independent of temperature, possibly temperature stabilized to position each other, the applicator itself is movably mounted so that the internal dimensions of the resonant applicator do not change during continuous operation.
- Fig. 1 shows a basic, experimental structure of an inventive Contraption. It has a preheating device, the two resonators 1 and 2 comprises and a preheated substrate on a conveyor belt 3 in Transport direction 4 is supplied.
- the conveyor belt 3 could be the substrate Fix vacuum or electrostatically.
- the resonators 1, 2 are TE10N resonators, which are transverse to the transport direction 4 are aligned and are arranged one behind the other in the transport direction, and indeed in such a way and to an extent that the maxima the microwave of the first resonator 1 exactly on the gap to the maxima Microwave of the subsequent resonator 2 are positioned.
- the fixing device essentially comprises a fixing roller shown in cross section 7, by means of an internal heat source 12, for example one Radiation source is heated to a temperature above the Glass transition temperature of the toner on the substrate.
- an internal heat source 12 for example one Radiation source is heated to a temperature above the Glass transition temperature of the toner on the substrate.
- this fixing device is a schematic diagram of a sheet-like substrate carrying a toner 9 indicated that after the fixation in the direction of arrow 10 of a cooling is fed.
- the fixing roller 7 is made from a schematically indicated oil reservoir 11 a silicone oil as a release agent to prevent toner from adhering the fusing roller 7 supplied. As an abutment for the substrate 9 also with pressure fixing roller 7 acts on a counter pressure roller 8.
- Fig. 2 shows the course of the temperature generated by the resonators 1, 2 in the substrate, once in a broken line when only the resonator 2 is switched on, once in a solid line when only the resonator 1 is switched on, the maxima of which standing microwave to the maxima of the microwave of the resonator 2 exactly to the gap or by half a wavelength of the wavelength of the standing wave shown in Fig. 2 (and Fig. 3), which corresponds to the energy input and is only half as large as the wavelength of originally fed-in free microwave, are arranged out of phase, and once in a solid line as an envelope with both resonators 1 and 2 switched on.
- the envelope results in a temperature of approximately 75 ° C.
- a second temperature profile corresponding to FIG. 2 is plotted, however this time with microwave maxima, which are a little closer to each other have as in the representation of Figure 2, which, as mentioned above, by means of the selected width of the resonator can.
- the temperature curve is due to the smaller maximum distances in FIG. 3 recognizable even more uniformly over the substrate width than in the case of FIG. 2.
- the relief of the fixing device by means of a preheating according to the invention is to be clarified again in the following using tables.
- the tables show that higher preheating of the paper as a substrate a reduction in the duration of the fixing process results and therefore allows an increase in the paper transport speed, which means that overall a higher printing speed without problems when fixing can be achieved with a printing press.
- Example 1 of Table 1 a paper with a specific basis weight of 80 g / m 2 and in the second example in Table 2, a paper with a specific basis weight of 300 g / m 2 is used.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen experimentellen Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Kombination aus einer Vorheizeinrichtung und einer Fixiereinrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- eine erste Temperaturverteilung bei einer ersten Anwendung eines Aufbaues gemäß Fig. 1 und
- Fig. 3
- eine zweite Temperaturverteilung bei einer zweiten Anwendung eines Aufbaues gemäß Fig. 1.
Papiergeschwindigkeit | Fixierzeit | Papiertemp. | Fixierwalzentemperatur | Toner/Papier Oberflächentemperatur | Kommentar |
30cm/s | 60ms | 27°C | 160°C | 110°C | Keine Vorheizung |
45cm/s | 40ms | 44°C | 160°C | 110°C | 2x 1500kW |
60cm/s | 30ms | 54°C | 160°C | 110°C | 2x 2000kW |
Papiergeschwindigkeit | Fixierzeit | Papiertemp. | Fixierwalzentemperatur | Toner/Papier Oberflächentemperatur | Kommentar |
30cm/s | 60ms | 27°C | 160°C | 112°C | Keine Vorheizung |
45cm/s | 40ms | 40°C | 160°C | 112°C | 2x 1500kW |
60cm/s | 30ms | 48°C | 160°C | 112°C | 2x 2000kW |
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Substrat, bei dem eine Fixiereinrichtung (Fuser), vorzugsweise umfassend eine den Toner kontaktierende, erwärmbare Fixierwalze, verwendet wird, um den Toner auf eine Temperatur größer oder gleich seiner Glassübergangstemperatur zu erhitzen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor der Erhitzung des Toners durch die Fixiereinrichtung eine Vorerwärmung berührungslos durchgeführt wird, mit welcher der Toner zunächst auf eine Temperatur kleiner oder gleich seiner Glasübergangstemperatur erwärmt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorerwärmung mittels einer Mikrowellenanwendung durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine resonante Mikrowellenanwendung durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Substrat vor der Mikrowellenanwendung angefeuchtet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Transportmittel zum Transport des Substrates von dem Ort der Vorerwärmung zum Ort der Fixierung des Toners auf eine konstante Temperatur von vorzugsweise etwa 40°C temperiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Abwärme und / oder Energieabfälle im weitesten Sinne für die Vorerwärmung genutzt werden.
- Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Substrat, umfassend eine Fixiereinrichtung (Fuser), vorzugsweise mit einer, den Toner kontaktierenden, erwärmbaren Fixierwalze, um den Toner auf eine Temperatur größer oder gleich seiner Glasübergangstemperatur zu erhitzen, vorzugsweise zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine Vorheizeinrichtung zur berührungslosen Vorerwärmung des Toners auf eine Temperatur kleiner oder gleich seiner Glassübergangstemperatur. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorheizeinrichtung an wenigstens eine Mikrowellenquelle angeschlossenen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorheizeinrichtung wenigstens einen Mikrowellenresonator umfaßt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10225604A DE10225604B4 (de) | 2002-06-07 | 2002-06-07 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Aufzeichnungsmaterial |
DE10225604 | 2002-06-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1369751A1 true EP1369751A1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1369751B1 EP1369751B1 (de) | 2007-11-07 |
Family
ID=29432712
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03004610A Expired - Lifetime EP1369751B1 (de) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-03-01 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Toner auf einem Substrat |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040096249A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1369751B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004046158A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE377782T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10225604B4 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2852252A1 (de) * | 2004-08-19 | 2015-03-25 | Analyses Mesures Pollutions (A.M.P) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung eines flexiblen Materials |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10301587A1 (de) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Verfahren und Transporteinrichtung zum Vorfixieren von Toner auf einem Bedruckstoff |
DE102004036827B4 (de) * | 2004-07-29 | 2009-11-26 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Mikrowellenheizvorrichtung |
DE102005042858A1 (de) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-04-05 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Heizvorrichtung für flächiges Material |
DE102005042859B4 (de) * | 2005-09-08 | 2009-06-10 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Heizvorrichtung für flächiges Material |
DE102008007228B4 (de) * | 2008-02-01 | 2012-02-02 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen mindestens eines Druckbildes auf einem Bildträger |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1376957A (en) * | 1971-03-30 | 1974-12-11 | Rank Xerox Ltd | Electrostatographic duplicator |
JPS55108677A (en) * | 1979-02-13 | 1980-08-21 | Nec Corp | Fixing device |
GB2088179A (en) * | 1980-11-20 | 1982-06-03 | Sanyo Electric Co | Microwave Heating Apparatus |
US4897691A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1990-01-30 | Xerox Corporation | Apparatus for drying and fusing a liquid image to a copy sheet |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4482239A (en) * | 1981-04-25 | 1984-11-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image recorder with microwave fixation |
JPS5810768A (ja) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | マイクロ波定着装置 |
JP3482611B2 (ja) * | 1997-02-14 | 2003-12-22 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 加熱装置 |
DE10145002B8 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2006-12-28 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Fixierung von Toner auf einem Träger bzw. einem Bedruckstoff |
US6603948B2 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-08-05 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Radio frequency toner fusing |
US6675710B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-01-13 | Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc | Method of preparation of electrostatically imaged printing plates |
-
2002
- 2002-06-07 DE DE10225604A patent/DE10225604B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-03-01 AT AT03004610T patent/ATE377782T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-01 DE DE50308521T patent/DE50308521D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-01 EP EP03004610A patent/EP1369751B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-24 US US10/422,188 patent/US20040096249A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-09 JP JP2003164127A patent/JP2004046158A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1376957A (en) * | 1971-03-30 | 1974-12-11 | Rank Xerox Ltd | Electrostatographic duplicator |
JPS55108677A (en) * | 1979-02-13 | 1980-08-21 | Nec Corp | Fixing device |
GB2088179A (en) * | 1980-11-20 | 1982-06-03 | Sanyo Electric Co | Microwave Heating Apparatus |
US4897691A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1990-01-30 | Xerox Corporation | Apparatus for drying and fusing a liquid image to a copy sheet |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 160 (P - 035) 8 November 1980 (1980-11-08) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2852252A1 (de) * | 2004-08-19 | 2015-03-25 | Analyses Mesures Pollutions (A.M.P) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung eines flexiblen Materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1369751B1 (de) | 2007-11-07 |
DE10225604A1 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
DE10225604B4 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
US20040096249A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
DE50308521D1 (de) | 2007-12-20 |
ATE377782T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
JP2004046158A (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
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