EP1326738B1 - Elektrisch betriebenes haarentfernungsgerät - Google Patents
Elektrisch betriebenes haarentfernungsgerät Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1326738B1 EP1326738B1 EP01988647A EP01988647A EP1326738B1 EP 1326738 B1 EP1326738 B1 EP 1326738B1 EP 01988647 A EP01988647 A EP 01988647A EP 01988647 A EP01988647 A EP 01988647A EP 1326738 B1 EP1326738 B1 EP 1326738B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- illumination device
- clipping
- movable relative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
- B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
- B26B19/3806—Accessories
- B26B19/382—Built-in accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
- B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
- B26B19/46—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards providing for illuminating the area to be shaved or clipped
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrically operated hair removal device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a hair removal device is known from EP 0 069 468 A1.
- the one shown there electric dry shaver has a housing and a translationally oscillating driven Lower knife, which is located under a foil. Inside the case is an electrical one in an area adjacent to the shaving head below the lower knife Lamp arranged, which shines through both the bottom knife and the shaving foil and thus illuminates the skin area to be shaved.
- a disadvantage of this shaver is, however, that the electric light through both the lower knife and through the Shaving foil is darkened significantly, which significantly reduces the lighting effect.
- a further embodiment of EP 0 069 468 A1 has an additional one Lighting arrangement outside of the shaving head, which in turn with an additional Effort is connected.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of an electrically operated hair removal device to improve the type indicated above in such a way that with little construction The best possible lighting for the actual work surface of the device is ensured.
- the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the required light is directly on the working surface of the device is generated or at least directly available there stands.
- This not only enables optimal lighting of the work surface, but also offers also the possibility of using appropriate light signals, for example flashing, Change in brightness, change in color and the like can be generated display operationally relevant properties or information to the user without that he has to look away from the actual work surface. So the user for example information about the contact pressure to the skin, the remaining Battery capacity or the like can be indicated by appropriate light signals.
- the lighting device is in at least one moving working element, in particular in a driven bottom knife or a driven epilation roller, which allows the user of the Hair removal device whose dynamics can be shown particularly impressively.
- the lighting device at least has a light guide, it being advantageous if the lighting device is off at least one light guide, which is on a relative to another working element and / or to the housing movable working element is arranged, and from at least a arranged on a housing section light source, the light rays in the Coupling light guide exists.
- the lighting device can be driven more easily Realize components.
- the light source can also directly in at least be arranged one of the working elements.
- the light source is advantageous in terms of energy consumption, construction volume and luminosity formed by at least one light emitting diode; especially since LEDs are particularly suitable for pulsating operation and for displaying different colors.
- the work system is a shear system with a shaving foil and a lower knife movable relative to this, which is driven rotationally or translationally, or it consists of two relative to each other movable cutting combs.
- the work system is an epilation system with tweezers that can be moved relative to each other.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic section of a shaving head of an electric shaver outlined.
- This shaving head consists essentially of in a manner known per se a shaving foil 1 with openings 2, which is stretched over a lower knife 3, which, as indicated by arrow 4, driven in a suitable manner in a translationally oscillating manner becomes.
- the lower knife 3 is a so-called blade block with a plurality of parallel blades 5 arranged in a row next to each other.
- the knife block or the Blades 5 rest under elastic pretension on the shaving foil 1, so that in the openings 2 threaded hair between the hole edge of the corresponding opening 2 and the blade 5, the oscillation amplitude of which is greater than the extent of the openings 2, be sheared off.
- the blades 5 have approximately the contour a half circular ring.
- a light guide 6 Through the blades 5 is a light guide 6, the one has semicircular cross section. This extends over the entire Length of the lower knife 3.
- the light sources 7 are preferred designed as light emitting diodes and (not shown in the drawing) via a signal generator connected to a power source. When using LEDs in appropriate Colors as light sources can of course be omitted from the color filters.
- the light coupled in via the end faces of the light guide 6 can now be between the blades 5 emerge and is visible from the outside through the openings 2 on the one hand for the user and on the other hand the skin area to be shaved can be illuminated.
- the light sources 7 in a suitable relation to the oscillation frequency of the lower knife stroboscopically operated, i.e. can be switched on and off like a flash, the dynamics visualize the shaving system very impressively.
- the stroboscopic effect then makes it possible for the user to stand, for example Generate image of the shear system when the frequency of the light signals exactly the oscillation frequency of the shear system or an integer multiple or an integer Part of the oscillation frequency corresponds.
- the frequency of the light signals gives way by a certain, not too big difference within a certain range of for example plus / minus 20% of the oscillation frequency from the oscillation frequency of the Shear system, the user can visualize the lower knife achieve a slow sideways movement in one or the other direction of oscillation shows.
- a display concept can provide that the user always has a standing image of the shear system is generated when at least one system parameter, such as for example, degree of contamination, battery or battery charge or the like, not optimal is.
- at least one system parameter such as for example, degree of contamination, battery or battery charge or the like
- an image of the shear system moving slowly in the direction of oscillation becomes displayed if the system parameter (s) are optimal or still sufficient classified condition.
- the light source 7 is controlled at a frequency which deviates by a certain amount from the oscillation frequency of the shear system, if the shaver is completely cleaned. With increasing pollution of the shaving system through use, this deviation is successively reduced to zero. The user is then signaled by a standing image of the shaving system that it is now a Cleaning. This deviation can be controlled, for example, by a known counting device for the cutting events taking place.
- the light sources with the different Color filters or light-emitting diodes of the corresponding color are operated alternately; however, it is also possible to use a corresponding color control to mix colors to produce or a continuous color change over the entire To represent shaving head length.
- the double shaving head shown in FIGS. 2A-2C has two lower knives 3, which are provided with a plurality of blades 5, and which, as already explained with reference to FIG. 1, pressed against a shaving foil, not shown, are driven to oscillate. Between the two lower knives 3 there can additionally be a known manner Middle cutter for cutting longer and / or hair that is close to the skin be arranged, which is composed of two comb-like blades, one of which Blade is driven to oscillate; this would be a so-called triple shaving head educated.
- each of the two lower knives 3 light guides 6 are integrated, which extend over their entire length Length.
- Optical fiber fork 11 is arranged, which is attached to the shaving head housing 12.
- the Ends 13 and 14 of this light guide fork 11 directly opposite the end face one each Light guide 6, so that light can be coupled into the light guide.
- the third end 15 of the light guide fork 11 is in the form of a circular sector with a downward expanding cross-section and is located with its arcuate conclusion opposite the end face of a further light guide 18.
- the shaving head housing 12 is mounted in the shaving head holder 17 so as to be pivotable about the axis 16.
- the light guide 18 is fastened in the razor housing 19 and protrudes upward therefrom out into the shaving head housing 12.
- a light source 7 is arranged on the end face 20 of the light guide 18 Coupling light rays directly into the light guide 18.
- the angle between the legs of the circular sector corresponds to the maximum swivel angle of the shaving head housing 12 the razor housing 19 or the shaving head holder 17
- Formation of the end 15 of the optical fiber fork 11 is ensured that in each Pivotal position of the shaving head housing 12 relative to the razor housing 19 light from the Light source 7 or the light guide 18 can be coupled into the light guide fork 11 can.
- the light fed into the optical fiber fork 11 at the end 15 becomes at the junction 21 divided into two portions each directed in opposite directions.
- the light guide fork 11 By using the light guide fork 11, only one light source 7 is for lighting two lower knives 3 required.
- the light source 7 can also be directly on the circuit board the shaver be arranged, which is an electrical line in the shaving head spared. This is particularly advantageous if the shaving head should be washable.
- the shaving head housing 12 in addition to Oscillation of the lower knife 3 also the shaving head housing 12 and thus the shaving foil moved oscillating in opposition to the movement of the lower knife; i.e. the shaving head housing 12 is both pivotable about the axis 16 and swinging in the longitudinal direction drivable.
- the use of the optical fiber fork 11 offers advantageous the possibility that the light source 7 is not on a driven, but on a stationary component, namely the printed circuit board.
- the ends 13 and 14 respectively to provide different color filters. If the lower knife 3 is such on both sides Fiber optic fork used, so at least four different with little effort Represent colors in the light guides 6 of the lower knife.
- Fig. 3 shows a shaving head design, in which the light source 7 on a moving part of the shear drive system is arranged.
- the shaving head comprises a shaving foil 1 which is in is held in a known manner in an interchangeable frame 30, which in turn is on the shaving head housing 12 is attached.
- the lower knife (s) 3 receives the knife head carrier 31, which is connected to the housing section 33 via the swing bridge 32.
- the cutter head carrier 31 is on the side opposite the lower knife 3 with a driving groove 34 provided which the recording of a drive eccentric, not shown in the drawing, a drive crank or the like is used. This will in conjunction with the leaf spring-like sections which act as joints and are flexible in the direction of vibration 35, 36 of the swing bridge 32 an oscillating in the longitudinal direction of the lower knife 3 movable vibration system formed.
- a plastic swing bridge allows the electrical lines 37 and 38 into the material the swing bridge must be integrated; in the exemplary embodiment, two are metallic Swing bridge halves, which are electrically insulated from each other, are then used form the electrical lines.
- the electrical contact points 39, 40 are (in the drawing not shown) connected to a current source via a signal generator.
- a light guide 41 runs alongside the lower knife (s) 3 and the light source 7 is connected to the lower knife (s) 3, and from the light source 7 in the direction
- Lower knife 3 expanded in a funnel shape to approximately the entire lower knife length. Consequently the shaving head can be compared over its entire extent by a light source small dimensions are illuminated.
- FIG. 3A shows a light source, which is formed by two light-emitting diodes 42, 43 connected in parallel is formed.
- the use of such a light source enables illumination independently from the direction of current flow; will apply a positive electrical voltage to the connector 44 applied, the light-emitting diode 42 lights up, however, one is connected to the connection 45 positive electrical voltage is applied, the light emitting diode 43 is switched on.
- Will in one 3 uses a light source corresponding to FIG. 3A, wherein the connections 44 and 45 are connected to the electrical lines 37 and 38, and if light-emitting diodes 42, 43 with different colors are used, only two can be used electrical power supplies a lighting of the shaving head with two different ones Realize colors. As a result, the assembly effort is reduced in particular.
- Fig. 4 shows the course of movement of an oscillating driven lower knife 3 over 1.5 oscillation periods or 1.5 crank or eccentric revolutions. Any time t a specific angular position of the drive motor is assigned. If the lower knife 3 flashed for the first time to the operating point 46, so one can display a standing one Generate the lower knife 3 when the next flash to the operating point 47, ie after an oscillation period T takes place. However, the next flash to the operating point occurs 48, ie after an oscillation period T + ⁇ t, a "wandering movement" of the driven lower knife 3 are shown. The speed of the "wandering" virtual image depends on the size of the ⁇ t.
- the time interval of the additional Flash from the regular flash depends on the phase position of the regular flash. In the The middle position is exactly 1 / 2T and decreases in the extreme positions to zero. Should the lower knife 3 is shown moving (moving), the phase position of the permanently change the regular flash in relation to the current location of the lower knife 3 and with it the required time interval. An electronic controller can, however then calculate if it is based on a specific position of the lower knife 3 as a reference is known .. An additional flash doubles the coupled light reached. The phase position of the flashes can also be used as a display device. If an optically standing image of the lower knife 3 is to be generated, it can be flash to operating points 46, 49, 47 and 49 '
- the electronic controller can also control the (then variable) flash duration in such a way that at low speed of the oscillating driven Under knife 3, i.e. near the turning points, generates a slightly longer light signal than at higher speed. This ensures high lighting performance without reaches the risk of optical blurring of the image visible to the user.
- the light signal generator with the speed of the electrical Drive motor the synchronicity to the current speed or speed of the Cutting system can be achieved.
- Fig. 5 shows the plucking head 50 of an electric epilation device, in which a rotating driven epilation cylinder 51 is mounted.
- a rotating driven epilation cylinder 51 is mounted.
- a plurality of pairs of tweezers 52 are arranged distributed, which during the rotary movement of the epilation cylinder operated by known and the clarity open and close because of means not shown in order to capture body hair, pinch and tear out when the epilation cylinder 51 over an epilated Skin section is guided.
- the epilation cylinder 51 has a plurality of light guide strips 53 distributed around the circumference, in which light can be fed by a light source, not shown in the drawing.
- the light source is operated by strobe flashing, so that at appropriate coordination between the flash frequency of the light source and the rotational frequency of the epilation cylinder 51 is a virtually stationary or very slowly moving one Representation of the epilation cylinder, including the pair of tweezers.
- the stroboscopic effect for example, can be applied to the End of battery capacity indicate the flashing frequency of the light source maximum battery capacity deviates by a certain amount, while it decreases with decreasing Battery capacity gradually approaches the rotational frequency of the epilation cylinder until then when the limit of the capacity of the batteries is reached, the flashing frequency of the Rotation frequency corresponds and thus a virtually standing epilation cylinder 51 is shown.
- the virtual image of a "standing" epilation cylinder for the user signals to him that he will soon replace or recharge the battery should.
- the illumination of the shaving head or the epilation cylinder can not only do that shaving or epilating skin area are illuminated, but possibly deposited Dirt particles, hair or hair dust accumulations become clear to the user displayed.
- the user By stroboscopic lighting of the shaving head or the epilation cylinder the user in a simple and particularly clear manner at the beginning of each use demonstrate the device's operational capability. This runs every time you switch on the following process automatically: First, the light signals pulse with the lowest approved frequency; this frequency is now gradually increasing to the highest permissible frequency increased. Is once for the user during this process to see an optically standing image of a shear element or of the epilation cylinder the device is at least in order of speed.
- the ambient light collects and bundles over a small compared to the total surface Light emission surface emits, this simplifies the construction effort and reduces energy consumption; on the other hand, this causes automatic regulation of the Illuminance of the hair removal device compared to the intensity of the ambient lighting.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
- Brushes (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Prinzipskizze eines Scherkopfes,
- Fig. 1A
- eine Seitenansicht des Untermessers gemäß Fig. 1,
- Fig. 2A
- eine Seitenansicht eines Mehrfachscherkopf mit zwei Untermessern
- Fig. 2B
- eine Vorderansicht eines Mehrfachscherkopf gemäß Fig. 2A
- Fig. 2C
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Mehrfachscherkopf gemäß Fig. 2A oder 2B
- Fig. 3
- eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Scherkopfes,
- Fig. 3A
- eine Ausführungsform einer Lichtquelle,
- Fig. 4
- eine Darstellung des Bewegungsverlaufs eines angetriebenen Untermessers und
- Fig. 5
- den Epilierkopf eines elektrischen Epilationsgerätes zeigt.
Claims (15)
- Elektrisch betriebenes Haarentfernungsgerät, wie Rasierapparat, Haar/Bartschneidemaschine, Epilationsgerät oder dergleichen, mit einem mit einem Gehäuse verbundenen Arbeitssystem zum Schneiden und/oder Zupfen von Haaren, das mindestens zwei relativ zueinander bewegbare Arbeitselemente aufweist, von denen mindestens eines angetrieben ist, und mit mindestens einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung zum Be- bzw. Durchleuchten des Arbeitssystems, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung (6) in mindestens einem der Arbeitselemente integriert ist.
- Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beleuchtungseinrichtung (6) in einem bewegten Arbeitselement vorgesehen ist.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beleuchtungseinrichtung mindestens einen Lichtleiter (6) aufweist.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beleuchtungseinrichtung aus mindestens einem Lichtleiter (6), welcher an einem relativ zu einem anderen Arbeitselement und/oder zum Gehäuse bewegbaren Arbeitselement angeordnet ist, und aus mindestens einer an einem Gehäuseabschnitt angeordneten Lichtquelle (7), deren Lichtstrahlen in den Lichtleiter einkoppeln, besteht.
- Gerät nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ankopplung der Lichtstrahlen der Lichtquelle kontaktlos über einen Luftspalt erfolgt.
- Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtquelle durch mindestens eine Leuchtdiode gebildet ist.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beleuchtungseinrichtung stroboskopisch gepulste Lichtsignale ausstrahlt.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit der Beleuchtungseinrichtung mindestens zwei unterschiedliche Farben darstellbar sind.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Arbeitssystem ein Schersystem mit einer Scherfolie (1) und einem relativ zu diesem bewegbaren Untermesser (3) ist.
- Gerät nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Untermesser (3) rotierend angetrieben ist.
- Gerät nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Untermesser translatorisch angetrieben ist.
- Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Arbeitssystem ein Schersystem mit zwei relativ zu einander bewegbaren Schneidkämmen ist.
- Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Arbeitssystem ein Epilationssystem mit relativ zu einander bewegbaren Pinzetten (52) ist.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beleuchtungseinrichtung oder mindestens ein Teil davon definierte reproduzierbare Alterungseigenschaften besitzt, die auf das Verschleißverhalten des Gerätes abgestimmt sind.
- Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Lichtquelle ein Lichtsammler eingesetzt ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10052127A DE10052127A1 (de) | 2000-10-20 | 2000-10-20 | Elektrisch betriebenes Haarentfernungsgerät |
DE10052127 | 2000-10-20 | ||
PCT/EP2001/011863 WO2002034481A1 (de) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-13 | Elektrisch betriebenes haarentfernungsgerät |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1326738A1 EP1326738A1 (de) | 2003-07-16 |
EP1326738B1 true EP1326738B1 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=7660509
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01988647A Expired - Lifetime EP1326738B1 (de) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-13 | Elektrisch betriebenes haarentfernungsgerät |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6871402B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1326738B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004512111A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1262401C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE278518T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002221674A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10052127A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002034481A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3354425A1 (de) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Braun GmbH | Rasierer mit lichtquelle |
EP3354422A1 (de) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Braun GmbH | Rasierer mit lichtquelle |
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DE10052296C1 (de) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-04-04 | Braun Gmbh | Elektrisch betriebenes Haarentfernungsgerät mit einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung |
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US7654003B2 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2010-02-02 | The Gillette Company | Safety razors with charge indicator and power switch |
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US20080072430A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Michael Cafaro | Electronic palm-held hair trimmer |
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EP2240105B1 (de) * | 2008-01-17 | 2012-09-26 | Syneron Medical Ltd. | Haarentfernungsvorrichtung für den persönlichen einsatz und einsatzverfahren dafür |
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EP3450120B1 (de) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-12-15 | Braun GmbH | Körperpflegevorrichtung |
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US6460251B1 (en) * | 1998-03-25 | 2002-10-08 | Pfizer Inc. | Razor system with worn blade indicator |
US6533775B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2003-03-18 | Ioana M. Rizoiu | Light-activated hair treatment and removal device |
US6227676B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-05-08 | Lynn Sneddon | Method and apparatus for shaving |
-
2000
- 2000-10-20 DE DE10052127A patent/DE10052127A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-10-13 WO PCT/EP2001/011863 patent/WO2002034481A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-13 CN CNB018104339A patent/CN1262401C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-13 DE DE50104037T patent/DE50104037D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-13 AU AU2002221674A patent/AU2002221674A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-13 JP JP2002537506A patent/JP2004512111A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-10-13 EP EP01988647A patent/EP1326738B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-13 US US10/311,044 patent/US6871402B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-13 AT AT01988647T patent/ATE278518T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3354425A1 (de) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Braun GmbH | Rasierer mit lichtquelle |
EP3354422A1 (de) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Braun GmbH | Rasierer mit lichtquelle |
WO2018138665A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-02 | Braun Gmbh | Shaver with light source |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004512111A (ja) | 2004-04-22 |
EP1326738A1 (de) | 2003-07-16 |
CN1438934A (zh) | 2003-08-27 |
DE50104037D1 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
WO2002034481A1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
CN1262401C (zh) | 2006-07-05 |
ATE278518T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
US20030167638A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
AU2002221674A1 (en) | 2002-05-06 |
DE10052127A1 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
US6871402B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 |
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