EP1283097B1 - Method for pressing powdered material - Google Patents

Method for pressing powdered material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1283097B1
EP1283097B1 EP02023590A EP02023590A EP1283097B1 EP 1283097 B1 EP1283097 B1 EP 1283097B1 EP 02023590 A EP02023590 A EP 02023590A EP 02023590 A EP02023590 A EP 02023590A EP 1283097 B1 EP1283097 B1 EP 1283097B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powders
pressing
conveyor means
rolls
belt conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02023590A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1283097A2 (en
EP1283097A3 (en
Inventor
Carlo Antonio Camorani
Maris Algeri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sacmi Imola SC
Original Assignee
Sacmi Imola SC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT97MO000005 external-priority patent/IT1292654B1/it
Priority claimed from IT97MO000004 external-priority patent/IT1292653B1/it
Application filed by Sacmi Imola SC filed Critical Sacmi Imola SC
Publication of EP1283097A2 publication Critical patent/EP1283097A2/en
Publication of EP1283097A3 publication Critical patent/EP1283097A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1283097B1 publication Critical patent/EP1283097B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/005—Devices or processes for obtaining articles having a marble appearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/008—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/10—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting and applying pressure otherwise than by the use of presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
    • B28B1/16—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted for producing layered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0205—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles supplied to the moulding device in form of a coherent mass of material, e.g. a lump or an already partially preshaped tablet, pastil or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/027—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a removable belt or conveyor transferring the moulding material to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0295—Treating the surface of the fed layer, e.g. removing material or equalization of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a system for pressing powder material, in particular for the production of ceramic tiles.
  • US-A-3,540,093 describes an apparatus for manufacturing ceramic tiles, having substantially uniform compactness, homogeneity, density and thickness, wherein from a bottom end of a hopper, in which powders of ceramic material are contained, a vertical strip of compacted powders is formed by action of opposed pressing rolls, from said strip some pre-compacted products being subsequently severed by cutting and distributed on a horizontal conveyor from which the severed products are transferred to a die to obtain tile bodies.
  • GB-A-880,892 describes an apparatus for forming clay material in which a mass of clay, humidified in such a way as to result at a plastic state, is laminated between a pair of rolls to obtain a layer of plastic material and subsequently the layer is formed by a forming die, without substantial alteration of the volume, in such a way as to obtain a plurality of tiles interconnected by webs which are subsequently cut by rotating disks.
  • Prior art comprises also some apparatuses for making tiles in which powders are distributed in two superimposed layers during distinct strokes of a distributing trolley or distinct phases of the same stroke of a distributing trolley, the trolley being generally provided with grids and each one leading the powders of a determined layer at the matrix of the press.
  • An example of such a kind of apparatuses is described in IT-A-1,069,458.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the existent apparatuses for working ceramic tiles.
  • Said pressing means comprises continuous pressing means, as rotating bodies, arranged to progressively press powders while said material advances.
  • the pressing means comprises swinging pressing means disposed along the approaching direction.
  • continuous pressing means acting on a horizontal strip of powders allows to significantly reduce the width of the areas of the strip of powders to be pressed and furthermore to limit scrap material.
  • the forming of a continuous strip of pressed material renders possible feeding of the mould without using particular conveyor means: in fact the pressed strip may be advanced toward the mould by the action of pressing means acting on the belt conveyor means.
  • the continuous pressing means may comprise rolls, belt conveyor means, swinging orbital elements and others.
  • powders 1 are contained in hopper distributing means 2 having an outlet section controlled by a dosing squeegee 2a, which is adjustable in height and faces with a horizontal upper part of belt conveyor means 3, advancing the powders to be pressed at a press with mould means 4 for ceramic tiles 5 ( Figure 4), in such a way as to form a strip 6, or main layer, of powders.
  • distributing decorating means 7 may be interposed to pour on the strip 6 a decorating layer 8, the decorating means possibly comprising further hopper means 9 containing a decorating granular material 10, having the outlet section facing the strip 6 and controlled by a rotating dosing roll 11.
  • the belt conveyor means 3 is partially rolled up on a roll 12 which defines an end of the belt conveyor means near to the mould 4, rotating about a first, substantially horizontal axis A, defining a vertical plane whereon, above the strip 6, a second axis B lies around which a second pressing roll 13 for pressing powders 6, 8 is rotatable.
  • the strip of powders 6, 8 which passes on the belt conveyor means 3 between the rolls 12 and 13 is compacted to a greater or lower extent depending on the distance between the axes A and B, in such a way as to obtain, at the exit of the rolls 12, 13, from powders forming the strip 6, 8, a compacted layer 14, which is coherent, i.e.
  • the mould means 4 are provided with lower frame means 16, substantially coplanar with the transferring plane 15, and defining a lower cavity 17 ( Figure 2) arranged to contain longitudinally consecutive portions of layer 14 of compacted powders and to allow their pressing between a punch 18 and a bottom portion 19 of the mould means 4.
  • Advancing of the compacted layer 14 is controlled by the motion of the rolls 12 and 13: thus, at the end of the pressing cycle, the layer 14 is advanced by the said rolls until the elimination, from the pressing area, of scrap materials 20 which may be collected by a crusher 21 and introduced again into the process as powders.
  • the diameter of the rolls 12 and 13 has to be sufficiently large so that the rolls are sufficiently resistant to flexing during pressing and define a pressing sector C having suitable width.
  • the width of the sector corresponds to the angle C of incidence defined between the tangent to the roll in the contact area at the entry of the powders and a direction parallel to the plane of the strip: to be successful the angle C of incidence should be suitably low.
  • a pressing cycle comprises the following phases:
  • the pressing cycle comprises the phases 1) and 3) as defined above, and the phases 2a) and 4a) described below:
  • the lowering of the lower frame means 16 takes place together with the lowering of the moving plane 15, and, preferably, the belt conveyor means 3 with respective rolls 12 and 13, in the direction shown by the arrow F.
  • Figures 15 and 16 show the use of a mould such as that shown in Figures 5 to 8 to obtain a tile 5 having a spacing portion 25 of greater dimension and a front face 26 formed above.
  • Figure 9 shows that, in addition to the rolls 12 and 13, there may be provided further upper rolls 29 and lower rolls, parallel to each other and to rolls 12 and 13, the centrelines distance between the further upper rolls 29 and the corresponding further lower rolls 30 being progressively increasing moving away from the rolls 12 and 13 in such a way as to allow a more gradual compacting of the powders 6.
  • the angle C of incidence is conveniently small for each upper rolls 29, so as to decrease the risk of heterogeneities in compactation which would arise from longitudinal movings of the powders.
  • Figure 12 shows that on the plurality of upper pressing rolls 13, 29 compacting belt means 31 are peripherally rolled up to render more homogeneous and progressive the compacting of the powders.
  • the compacting belt means 31 allow to define carefully a predetermined value of the angle of incidence C and allow to exert on the powders 6, 8 a particularly gradual action.
  • Figures 13 and 18 show that the end area of the belt.
  • conveyor means 3 and the transferring plane 15 next thereto may be hinged by a transversal axis Z passing through the strip of powders 6, before the area of beginning of compacting, in such a way as to allow the compacted material 14 to follow the lowering and the lifting of the transferring plane 15 and of the lower frame means 16 in the phases of the pressing cycle described referring to Figures 5 to 8.
  • the upper compacting belt means 31 must be free to rotate about the axis Z of a relatively wide angular sector.
  • Figure 18 shows that the lower frame means 16a may be open towards the moving plane 15, in such a way as to surround the bottom 19 only in three side, so as to limit the discharged material.
  • the areas of the layer of compacted material 14, which are subjected to the action of the upper frame means 23, cause an interruption of the continuity of such a layer; when the moving plane 15, rotating about the axis Z, goes down with respect to the bottom 19, its edge nearest to the bottom 19 is no longer complanate thereto and thus only the portion 35 of the layer of compacted material 14, which are not subjected to the action of the frame means 23 and of the punch 18, are severed from the layer 14 along a fracture line Y.
  • the belt conveyor means 3 may be provided with projections acting as longitudinal severing means 36 for severing powders 6, said severing means being received into respective recess means 38 of the pressing rolls 13, 29, and with lateral containing means 37, or side-walls, in such a way as to obtain two parallel layers 14a of compacted material from two respective layers 6a of powdered material.
  • the recess means 38 may define pressing means 38a arranged to keep pressed, and, as a consequence, larger than their initial dimensions, the longitudinal severing means 36 and the lateral containing means 37 during pressing. This decreases the possibility of undesired moving of the severing means during pressing. Moreover, this supports the delivery of the pressed products 14 because, when the action of the pressing means 38a finishes, the longitudinal severing means 36 and the lateral containing means 37 assume again their initial dimensions, so detaching from the pressed products.
  • lateral control means 39 limiting the deformations of the lateral containing means 37 during pressing, the lateral control means 39 advantageously comprising some rolls having vertical axes interacting with the lateral containing means 37 to avoid said lateral containing means 37 deforming outwardly during pressing.
  • the lateral containing means 37 define side walls having wide-apart shape toward the outside of the belt conveyor means 3 in such a way as to support the delivering of the layer 14, 14a.
  • the severing means 36 and the lateral containing means 37 may be made in elastic material in such a way as to be able to lengthen in the rolling on the rolls of the end of the belt conveyor means 3.
  • the containing means are made in elastomeric material. This further supports the delivering of the compacted material 14 from the side of the mould 4.
  • the entire group defined by the front end of the belt conveyor means 3 comprising the roll 12 and the pressing rolls 13, 29 may be translated far away from the mould 4 in such a way as to maintain uniform the relative speed of the powders 6 with respect to such rolls. At the end of pressing, said group will be moved again near to the mould 4.
  • Figure 14 shows that, to obtain the compactation of the layer 6, 8, it is possible to use a compacting means 40 provided with orbital motion, or provided with a swinging, or vibrating motion, generally generating a circular action shown by arrows F4 and such as to compress the powders 6 and advance together with them along a portion of route of the belt conveyor means 3.
  • a movable controlling block 41 Underneath the belt conveyor means 3 there is a movable controlling block 41, whereon the belt conveyor means 3 rests, the block being free to move along the direction Y1 toward the mould means 4 when the compacting means 40 compresses the powders 6 and to return at the initial position, under the action of a return spring 42, when the compacting means 40 does not compress the powders 6.
  • the movable block 41 is set up on rolls 43 interposed between the block 41 and a base body 44.
  • the compacting action of the compacting means 40 may also be obtained by a suitable vibrating-generator device: therefore the action of the compacting means 40 on the powders 6 may take place in a vertical plane orthogonal to the belt conveyor means 3.
  • further decorating means may be inserted to distribute decorating substances on the upper face of the layer 14 of compacted powders.
  • the surface of the roll 13 may be suitably hollow, or in relief, to obtain reliefs or, respectively depressions, in the upper face of the strip 6, 8 in such a way as to be able to produce seats on the strip 14 suitable to receive further decorating substances.
  • first vertical driving means 46 for driving the upper frame means 23 and of second vertical driving means 47 for driving the lower frame means 16 is controlled.
  • the first vertical driving means 46 are connected with a crossbar 48 of the press, while the second vertical driving means 47 are connected with the base 49.
  • severing means 50 may be inserted to sever, from the layer 14, pre-formed elements to insert into the mould 4 by suitable forcing means, eventually incorporated into the severing means, which may be provided, in addition to a motion in the plane which is transverse with respect to the layer 14, as shown by the arrow F2, also with a motion in a longitudinal direction shown by the arrow F3 and parallel to the direction V of advancing of the powders 6, 8. This allows not to interrupt the action of the pressing rolls 12, 13 when the mould means 4 are driven.
  • the severing means 50 may be constituted by rotating disks or by a pair of cutters lying in opposite side with respect to the compacted layer 14 to cause its cut or fracture along a predetermined fracture line.
  • Figure 20 and 21 show an embodiment of apparatus for pressing powders on belt conveyor means 3 wherein the powders 54 are pressed by a pair of rolls 12, 13 eventually co-operating with one or more further pair of rolls formed by an upper roll 29 and by a lower roll 30.
  • the transversal containing means may be formed by transversal lips 52a projecting from the belt conveyor means 3 and having narrowing section going far from the belt conveyor means.
  • the powders 54 may be distributed in a layer having initial thickness greater than the height of the lips 52a and the height of the lips 52a may such that, after pressing, the powders of a cavity 53 may result severed from the powders of the next cavities 53 by means of the lips 52a.
  • Figure 22 shows a further embodiment of the apparatus for pressing powders wherein a non-pressed layer 6 distributed on belt conveyor means 3 is pressed by belt pressing means 58 comprising upper belt means 59 ring-rolled up on the roll 13 and on an auxiliary roll 60: between the rolls 13 and 60 there is lodged in an adjustable way a controlling block 61, whereon some rolls 62 are rolling-coupled, said rolls 62 being operatively interposed between an active part of the belt means 59 facing the powders, which have being pressed, and the controlling block 61.
  • Below the belt conveyor means 3 for supporting the powders 6 there is advantageously provided an analogous controlling block 61a with respective rolling rolls 62a which are operatively interposed between the block 61a and the belt conveyor means 3.
  • the arrangement is such that the belt means 59 is tilted in the direction of advancing of the powders in such a way that between the belt conveyor means 3 and the upper belt means 59 a thickness of powders, which progressively decreases in the V-direction of advancing of the powders, is defined.
  • Figure 23 shows that, to feed a press 4 with pre-compacted elements 14, a roll means 15a may be used and that the powders 6, 8 may be pressed on the belt conveyor means 3 by belt pressing means 58a comprising the belt means 59 rolled up on the rolls 13, 60, without the adjustable block 61 and the respective rolling. rolls 62. It is also shown that the tile obtainable from pressed powders 14 may be formed with the decorated face facing downwards, if the decorating substances 8 are distributed on the belt conveyor means 3 before the thicker portion of powders 6 forming the support is distributed thereon.
  • Figures 20 to 23 show versions wherein powders to be pressed interact with pressing means on belt conveyor means in a particularly gradual way and therefore the risk of therir being pushed back on the belt conveyor means 3 thereby is greatly reduced.
  • Figure 24 shows that the space defined between the compacting layer 40 and the belt conveyor means 3 has a first portion R with decreasing height to decrease the thickness of the powders 6, 8 in the pressing and a second portion R1 having constant height to stabilize the pressed powders and prevent uncontrolled movings of the powders in the pressing.
  • the compacting means 40 may be elastically coupled with supporting means through elastic harmonizing means 40a and may be also coupled with vibration generating means 40b.
  • the compacting means 40 may also be provided only with a reciprocating motion in a direction orthogonal to the belt conveyor means 3 and, in this case, the belt conveyor means 3 has to be driven with intermittent motion, i.e. step by step.
  • Figures 25 to 28 show that the press 4 may have, close to the internal edge of the upper frame means 23, an annular edge-zone 23b being part of the cavity 23a and made in such a way as to correspondly form an external edge of the tile 5; advantageously, the annular edge-zone 23b is provided with a cutting corner 23c to remove an exceeding portion of the pre-compacted product 14 when the upper frame means 23 descend toward the product 14 to be pressed.
  • Positioning means 63 bring the product 14 under the punch 18 in a central position with respect to the hollow defined by upper frame means 23 and extracting means 64 extract the formed tile 5 from the pressing area.
  • the extracting means 64 may be provided with a depressurizing element 65 extending along an edge of the tile 5 and provided with an opening 66 through which, for difference in pressure, the correspoding edge of the tile is caught with a force sufficient to keep caught the tile while it is moved.
  • the upper frame means 23 may be provided with a diverging area 23d which spreads toward the product 14 to be pressed in such a way as to fix it in the centre thereof when the frame means 23 are descended for the pressure.
  • Figure 31 shows an embodiment of pressing means for pressing powders wherein the powders 6, 8 are compacted between the belt conveyor means 3 and the upper belt means 59a between which a thickness of powders is defined, said thickness being progressively decreasing toward the V-direction of advancing of the powders.
  • a plurality of plates 76 severed in two groups of plates hinged to form rings, acts on the belt means 3, 59a from the side opposite to the one in contact with the powders, said rings being an upper ring 77 of plates acting on the upper belt means 59a and a lower ring 78 of plates acting on the lower belt conveyor means 3.
  • the belt means 3, 59a may be omitted and, in this case, the powders 6, 8 result in direct contact with the plates 76: the plates 76 disposed below the powders 6, 8 acting as conveyor means for the same powders.
  • the rolls 79, 80 may have axes in fixed position, i.e. they may be rotatably supported by side walls, not shown, or they may be rollingly coupled with controlling blocks like the blocks 61, 61a already described, in the latter case the respective axes being movable along the peripheral portion of the respective controlling blocks.
  • the belt conveyor means 3 is provided with transverse lips 52b extending, inside the powders 6, 8 to be pressed, for a relatively small portion, i.e. such that the lips 52b remain inserted inside the thickness of the powders 6, 8 also at the end of the pressing.
  • the lips 52b define some predetermined fracture planes Z for the pressed powders.
  • Figure 32 shows that in an apparatus for pressing ceramic tiles there are provided hopper distributing means 81 which pour various types of powders 6, 8, 82 contained thereinto, on the belt conveyor means 3 through a single outlet 81a, in such a way as to form on said belt conveyor means a formation of powders defining grains simulating the effect of natural stones.
  • the types of powders 6, 8, 82 are introduced into the hopper 81 by respective conduit means 83, 84, 85 which are coupled with respective driving means inside the hopper distributing means 81, in such a way as to allow to vary the allocation of the powders inside the hopper distributing means and consequently vary the structure of the layer of powders 6, 8, 82 to compact.
  • Figure 33 shows that the lateral containing means may be formed by belts 100 rolled up on the belt conveyor means 3.
  • the belts 100 are rolled up on rolling means 101 different from the roll 12 whereon the belt conveyor means is rolled up, with the transversal containing means 52a.
  • the belts 100 are rolled up on rolling means 101 different from the roll 12 whereon the belt conveyor means is rolled up, with the transversal containing means 52a.
  • the belts 100 are pressed on the rolling means 101 by anti-sliding means 102.
  • the belts 100 are so detained between the pressing means 38a which keep them on the belt conveyor means 3 and the rolling means 101 whereon they are kept by the anti-sliding means 102.
  • the peripheral speed of the rolling means 101 may be greater than the peripheral speed of the roll 12 so as to determine an elongation on the belts 100 with reduction of transverse section.
  • Figure 34 shows that the belts 100, when they are kept between the rolls 12 and 13 with interposition of the belt conveyor means 3, have a section S3 lowered toward the belt conveyor means 3 and widening towards the powders during pressing. Therefore, at the end of the action of the rolls 12 and 13, the section S3 would tend, anyway, to go far away from the pressed powders and have the initial section S2 supporting the delivery of the pressed product 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP02023590A 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Method for pressing powdered material Expired - Lifetime EP1283097B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO960151 1996-11-22
IT96MO000151 IT1287505B1 (it) 1996-11-22 1996-11-22 Metodo e mezzi per la pressatura di piastrelle ceramiche.
IT97MO000005 IT1292654B1 (it) 1997-01-16 1997-01-16 Sistema per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche.
IT97MO000004 IT1292653B1 (it) 1997-01-16 1997-01-16 Apparato e metodo per distribuire polveri ceramiche in piu' strati a rispettivi mezzi pressatori.
ITMO970005 1997-01-16
ITMO970004 1997-01-16
EP97945854A EP0939691A2 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material

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EP97945854A Division EP0939691A2 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material

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EP1283097A2 EP1283097A2 (en) 2003-02-12
EP1283097A3 EP1283097A3 (en) 2003-03-19
EP1283097B1 true EP1283097B1 (en) 2006-08-09

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EP97945854A Withdrawn EP0939691A2 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material
EP01119709A Expired - Lifetime EP1170104B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Distributing means for distributing powder material
EP01119708A Expired - Lifetime EP1175982B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Method for pressing powder material
EP01119710A Expired - Lifetime EP1170105B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material
EP02023590A Expired - Lifetime EP1283097B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Method for pressing powdered material

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EP97945854A Withdrawn EP0939691A2 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material
EP01119709A Expired - Lifetime EP1170104B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Distributing means for distributing powder material
EP01119708A Expired - Lifetime EP1175982B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Method for pressing powder material
EP01119710A Expired - Lifetime EP1170105B1 (en) 1996-11-22 1997-10-17 Manufacturing of powdered material

Country Status (7)

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EP (5) EP0939691A2 (it)
AU (1) AU5120198A (it)
DE (4) DE69738916D1 (it)
ES (4) ES2266061T3 (it)
IT (1) IT1287505B1 (it)
PT (2) PT1170105E (it)
WO (1) WO1998023424A2 (it)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69738589D1 (de) 2008-04-30
DE69738916D1 (de) 2008-09-25
EP1170104A2 (en) 2002-01-09
EP0939691A2 (en) 1999-09-08
ITMO960151A0 (it) 1996-11-22
ES2301507T3 (es) 2008-07-01
EP1170105A3 (en) 2002-05-15
PT1283097E (pt) 2006-11-30
ES2266061T3 (es) 2007-03-01
ES2311495T3 (es) 2009-02-16
EP1170104B1 (en) 2006-07-19
EP1283097A2 (en) 2003-02-12
DE69738589T2 (de) 2009-04-23
WO1998023424A3 (en) 1998-08-20
EP1170105B1 (en) 2008-08-13
DE69736362T2 (de) 2007-07-19
EP1175982B1 (en) 2008-03-19
EP1175982A3 (en) 2002-05-15
EP1283097A3 (en) 2003-03-19
DE69736496D1 (de) 2006-09-21
ES2269584T3 (es) 2007-04-01
IT1287505B1 (it) 1998-08-06
AU5120198A (en) 1998-06-22
ITMO960151A1 (it) 1998-05-22
EP1170105A2 (en) 2002-01-09
WO1998023424A2 (en) 1998-06-04
EP1170104A3 (en) 2002-05-15
EP1175982A2 (en) 2002-01-30
DE69736362D1 (de) 2006-08-31
PT1170105E (pt) 2008-11-03

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