EP1275202A1 - Amplificateur d'antenne - Google Patents

Amplificateur d'antenne

Info

Publication number
EP1275202A1
EP1275202A1 EP01921166A EP01921166A EP1275202A1 EP 1275202 A1 EP1275202 A1 EP 1275202A1 EP 01921166 A EP01921166 A EP 01921166A EP 01921166 A EP01921166 A EP 01921166A EP 1275202 A1 EP1275202 A1 EP 1275202A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplifier
antenna
impedance
actuator
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01921166A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Raddant
Ralf Schultze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1275202A1 publication Critical patent/EP1275202A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G1/00—Details of arrangements for controlling amplification
    • H03G1/0005—Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal
    • H03G1/0035—Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal using continuously variable impedance elements
    • H03G1/0052—Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal using continuously variable impedance elements using diodes
    • H03G1/0058—PIN-diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
    • H03F1/565—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for using inductive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/24—Frequency- independent attenuators
    • H03H7/25—Frequency- independent attenuators comprising an element controlled by an electric or magnetic variable
    • H03H7/253—Frequency- independent attenuators comprising an element controlled by an electric or magnetic variable the element being a diode
    • H03H7/255—Frequency- independent attenuators comprising an element controlled by an electric or magnetic variable the element being a diode the element being a PIN diode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/222—A circuit being added at the input of an amplifier to adapt the input impedance of the amplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/444—Diode used as protection means in an amplifier, e.g. as a limiter or as a switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/447—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being protected to temperature influence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna amplifier for mobile VHF radio reception with a signal amplifier, a control amplifier and a controllable actuator for adapting the impedances and for attenuating the antenna signal.
  • the invention further relates to such a controllable actuator.
  • the prior art includes FM antenna amplifiers, such as those used for mobile reception to improve radio reception, when the antennas are either poorly matched and / or have a low antenna efficiency.
  • FM antenna amplifiers When receiving near the transmitter, very high levels occur in the antenna amplifier and also in the downstream car radio. These high levels cause intermodulation, which interferes with reception when an intermodulation product falls in frequency in the set reception channel.
  • antenna amplifiers with a level adjuster at the amplifier input are used.
  • the set control threshold is reached, this means that the level at the actuator output and the intermodulation products do not continue to rise, even if the input level continues to increase, i.e. continues to rise.
  • Amplifiers with these characteristics mentioned above are known and are exported, for example, to the USA.
  • such amplifiers are used in motor vehicles that are intended for export to the USA.
  • the known amplifiers have the following major disadvantages: The size of the regulated output level strongly depends on the ambient temperature. Furthermore, the control range, ie the range within which the output level remains constant as the input level increases, is insufficiently large.
  • the dependency on the ambient temperature means that the regulated output level in a cold winter, where temperatures of -40 ° C can occur on the antenna amplifier, has a different value than in hot summer, where the temperature on the antenna amplifier increases to approx. 90 ° C can.
  • the behavior of the receiving system when crossing large signal areas depends on the season.
  • the inadequate control range means that the input level in the actuator is only attenuated by a few decibels. This hardly improves reception, since the intermodulation is only slightly suppressed.
  • the antenna amplifier comprises a signal amplifier V and a control circuit RS which controls a PIN diode PIN and an antenna adapter A with an input HF-E for the antenna signal and an output HF-A for the amplified signal.
  • a small proportion of the power is branched off from the output signal of the signal amplifier V to a rectifier Dg, Rg, Cg.
  • a directional voltage Ug is amplified in the control circuit RS in a first operational amplifier stage OP1 and integrated in a second stage OP2.
  • the output signal controls a PIN diode PIN, the anode of which is connected to the positive voltage and is connected to ground in high frequency via a capacitor.
  • the diode PIN short-circuits the HF voltage to ground when it is completely switched on.
  • the temperature dependence arises in the diode Dg of the HF rectifier. So this one occurring large fluctuation range of the forward voltage does not lead to functional failures, the height of the control threshold must be chosen so that the resulting reference voltage is large compared to the temperature-related fluctuation range of the forward voltage.
  • the solution is that the output voltage is tapped at the high point of a series resonant circuit Ls / Cs, where the voltage is higher than directly at the amplifier output because of the high impedance. Now, however, a high voltage is present at the rectifier diode Dg, which causes an intermodulation problem there.
  • the size of the control range and thus the maximum achievable attenuation by the PIN diode PIN is dependent on the antenna impedance, which forms a voltage divider with the PIN diode PIN.
  • the ratio of this voltage divider must be large in order to bring about a high attenuation of the antenna signal. This can be achieved with a high source impedance of the antenna, but this impedance changes very strongly depending on the frequency. With the fluctuation of the impedance, the frequency response of the damping, which results at maximum PIN diode current, is also uneven.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an antenna amplifier of the type mentioned at the outset and a circuit for adapting the antenna signal, as a result of which the intermodulation distance is increased in the control range and the dependence of the regulated output level on the ambient temperature is significantly improved.
  • the antenna adaptation is carried out in two steps in an actuator with at least one PIN diode.
  • the adaptation from the antenna to the PIN diode is carried out in a first adaptation designed as a module, with the aim of achieving the greatest possible attenuation with a low frequency response.
  • the adaptation to the impedance of the amplifier takes place in a second, connected in series in a second matching circuit.
  • the PIN diode can be connected in parallel or in series.
  • the antenna impedance is transformed by the first adaptation m into the high-resistance area.
  • the antenna impedance is transformed into the low-resistance range by the first adaptation.
  • the control amplifier applies a control signal to the PIN diode of the actuator ,
  • a rectifier which has two diodes, is arranged in the control amplifier, which derives a control signal from the RF signal at the output of the signal amplifier.
  • the two diodes are thermally coupled to one another, for example by being arranged on a common support element ,
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an actuator with parallel PIN diode according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of an actuator with serial PIN diode according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the complex reflection factors of PIN diode and antenna for parallel connection and series connection of the PIN diode
  • FIG. 4 shows an antenna amplifier according to the invention with a proportional or integral rectifier control amplifier
  • Fig. 5 shows an antenna amplifier according to the prior art.
  • the following descriptions of the embodiments of the actuators are limited to the use of only one PIN diode.
  • the advantages of a single one - compared to several PIN diodes arranged as T or Pi links or half links - lies in the low effort for their control.
  • the use of more than one PIN diode in an actuator is not excluded, in which case the currents of the PIN diodes must be coordinated with one another and diodes connected in parallel with a 180 ° phase shift to diodes connected in series must be controlled, which increases the effort compared to the solution with a PIN diode is significantly increased.
  • Fig. 1 shows a controllable actuator 2 which is connected between an antenna 1 with the antenna impedance Z ⁇ and an antenna amplifier 3 with the input impedance Zy.
  • Actuator 2 comprises a PIN diode 4 connected in parallel, with an adaptation 5 in front of or behind diode 4 or 6 is arranged. Furthermore, the actuator 2 has a control input 7.
  • the adaptation of the antenna impedance Z ⁇ to the impedance Zy of the amplifier 3 takes place in two steps, namely by the first adaptation 5, with which the antenna impedance is transformed to a first intermediate impedance Z ⁇ p * to adapt to the impedance Zpp of the PIN diode 4 , and the second adaptation 6, with which the first intermediate impedance Z ⁇ p * to a second intermediate impedance Zy * for adapting the PIN
  • Diode 4 is transformed to the impedance Zy of the amplifier 3.
  • the antenna impedance Zj ⁇ with parallel PIN diode 4 in FIG. 1 must be transformed into the high-resistance region symmetrically to the real axis (Z ⁇ p *).
  • FIG. 3 compares an exemplary antenna impedance curve ZAP * to that impedance which results when PIN PIN impedances Zpp and transformed input impedance Zy * of the connected amplifier are connected in parallel in FIG. 3 as Zpp // Zy *.
  • Zpp // Zy * the mismatch between the source with the impedance Z ⁇ p * and the load with the impedance Zpp // Zy * becomes maximum and
  • FIG. 2 shows the case in which the PIN diode 4 is arranged in series.
  • an actuator 2 is arranged between an antenna 1 and an amplifier 3, the actuator 2 having a first adaptation 5 to adapt the antenna impedance ZA to the PIN diode 4 and a second adaptation 6 to adapt the PIN diode 4 to the amplifier impedance Zy has.
  • the actuator 2 has a control input 7, which is connected to the anode of the diode 4 via an inductor 8.
  • Another inductance 9 is connected to ground on the cathode side.
  • the diode 4 When connected in series, the diode 4 causes attenuation of the signal of at least 0.5 to 2 dB even in the switched-on state due to its finite conductance e according to impedance conditions and thus worsens the signal / noise ratio by the same value.
  • higher damping values can generally be achieved than with parallel connection if the PIN diode 4 is switched off.
  • an exemplary transformed antenna impedance Zjg * is compared to the impedance which, when connected in series, results from the PIN diode impedance Zps and the transformed amplifier input impedance Zy * in the serial case of FIG. 2, i.e.
  • the mismatch between the source with the impedance Z ⁇ g * and the load with the impedance Zpg + Zy * becomes maximum and consequently the output power is minimal when the diode 4 is switched off
  • the input impedance with downstream amplifier 3 has no noticeable influence on the maximum achievable attenuation both in parallel and in serial PIN diode 4, because it is large in comparison with the PIN diode impedance when connected in parallel and small in comparison with the PIN diode impedance when connected in series.
  • Fig. 4 shows the circuit diagram of an antenna amplifier according to the invention with signal amplifier 3, control amplifier 10 and actuator 2, the PIN diode 4 of the actuator 2 being regulated by the output signal of the control amplifier 10. Furthermore, the antenna amplifier has an input HF-E for the signal of the antenna (not shown) and an output HF-A for the amplified signal.
  • the control amplifier 10 acts as a proportional rectifier control amplifier.
  • the operational amplifier OP together with the four resistors R1, R2, R1 *, R2 *, forms a subtractor with the input voltage Ul at the input E2 and the sum voltage Ul + Uref at the input El.
  • the resistors R1 and R1 * as well as R2 and R2 * are identical.
  • the output voltage Ua of the operational onsampler OP is below the control threshold
  • the two diodes D1 and D2 form voltage sources connected in series with the inputs of the operational amplifier OP. They are both flowed through by an equally large quiescent current, which is essentially determined by the voltages Ul and Uref, where Uref is small compared to Ul, and the resistances Rg are determined.
  • the two diodes D1 and D2 are located in the same housing or on the same chip, and therefore have an almost identical temperature coefficient. When the ambient temperature changes, the forward voltage of the diodes D1, D2 therefore changes to the same extent. The output voltage remains unchanged.
  • the RF voltage UHF coupled out at the output of the amplifier 3 causes the directional voltage UR at the diode D1, which is amplified by the factor R2 / R1.
  • the control threshold is set with the resistor Rref - only when UR> Uref is there a positive output voltage of the operational amplifier OP and thus a current through the PIN diode 4 - and the slope of the control characteristic is set by the resistance ratio R2 / R1.
  • the slope of the control characteristic is a measure of the increase in the RF output voltage in relation to the RF input voltage within the control range.
  • the rectifying voltage is according to the formula
  • the integrator ensures that no control deviation occurs. This means that the regulated output level of the antenna amplifier remains constant within the control range.
  • the value of the regulated output voltage is set with Uref - only when the difference Uref-UR gives a positive value does the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP also become positive and there is a current through the PIN diode 4.
  • the resistor Rv reduces the power diverted to the rectifier and thus improves the intermodulation distance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Attenuators (AREA)
  • Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un amplificateur d'antenne pour réception radiomobile VHF présentant un amplificateur de signal, un actionneur réglable (10) à diode PIN (4) pour adaptation d'impédance, ainsi qu'un amplificateur à commande de gain pour le réglage de l'actionneur. L'amplificateur d'antenne présente une compensation pour les variations de température ambiante intervenant à la suite des différences de températures très élevées suivant les saisons (été/hiver),le point de connexion des diodes PIN étant optimisé et la gamme de réglage étant portée au maximum.
EP01921166A 2000-03-28 2001-03-09 Amplificateur d'antenne Withdrawn EP1275202A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10015315 2000-03-28
DE10015315.1A DE10015315B4 (de) 2000-03-28 2000-03-28 Antennenverstärker und regelbares Stellglied
PCT/DE2001/000882 WO2001073946A1 (fr) 2000-03-28 2001-03-09 Amplificateur d'antenne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1275202A1 true EP1275202A1 (fr) 2003-01-15

Family

ID=7636649

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01921166A Withdrawn EP1275202A1 (fr) 2000-03-28 2001-03-09 Amplificateur d'antenne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7253682B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1275202A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003529267A (fr)
KR (1) KR100895961B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1255944C (fr)
DE (1) DE10015315B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001073946A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1990656A1 (fr) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-12 Sick Ag Atténuateur avec diodes PIN pour appareil de mesure de distances optique
EP2099092A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-09 Bury Sp.z.o.o Procédé de transmission d'un signal de positionnement par satellite à partir d'une antenne externe vers un récepteur non exposé, en particulier dans des véhicules mécaniques et dispositif adapté pour utiliser ce procédé
KR101283059B1 (ko) 2011-07-28 2013-07-05 엘지이노텍 주식회사 안테나 및 이를 포함하는 임피던스 매칭 장치
DE102012200265A1 (de) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Empfangseinrichtung mit zumindest einem Antennensystem
CN104953959B (zh) * 2015-06-05 2018-06-19 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种简易稳定放大器
EP3619815B1 (fr) * 2017-05-05 2021-07-21 STMicroelectronics SA Procédé de contrôle de l'adaptation d'une antenne à un chemin de transmission, et dispositif correspondant

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624561A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-11-30 Ben H Tongue Broadband aperiodic attenuator apparatus
US3801522A (en) 1971-12-17 1974-04-02 Du Pont Coating composition of a silicone fluid,a silicone resin and a zirconium silicate hardening agent
US3801922A (en) * 1972-08-21 1974-04-02 Gte Sylvania Inc Rf amplifier control system
GB2108644B (en) * 1981-10-27 1985-01-09 British Gas Corp Coal gasification plant
JPS6130114A (ja) * 1984-07-20 1986-02-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd チユ−ナ−装置
JPS6361824A (ja) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-18 Toshiba Corp 電子レンジ
JP3156078B2 (ja) * 1989-07-14 2001-04-16 マスプロ電工株式会社 テレビ受信用増幅器
JPH07118617B2 (ja) * 1990-07-19 1995-12-18 沖電気工業株式会社 電力増幅装置及び送信装置
DE69221355T2 (de) 1991-03-26 1998-01-22 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Scheibenantennensystem für Kraftfahrzeug
JPH05300043A (ja) * 1992-04-22 1993-11-12 Pioneer Electron Corp アッテネータ回路
FR2714548B1 (fr) 1993-12-23 1996-03-15 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Amplificateur à correction de tension de décalage.
DE19547602A1 (de) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-26 Sel Alcatel Ag Breitbandverstärkereinheit und Sende-/Empfangseinheit für ein Breitbandkommunikationssystem
KR100190610B1 (ko) * 1996-05-28 1999-06-01 이형도 자동 이득 제어 회로
DE19644339C1 (de) * 1996-10-25 1998-06-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Transformation einer Antennenimpedanz
SE508506C2 (sv) * 1997-02-25 1998-10-12 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Anordning och förfarande vid telekommunikation
AU1626799A (en) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-28 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc Vhf/uhf self-tuning planar antenna system
JP3292121B2 (ja) * 1997-12-10 2002-06-17 日本電気株式会社 Ａｇｃアンプ制御回路
JP2000022466A (ja) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-21 Harada Ind Co Ltd 可変減衰回路

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0173946A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1255944C (zh) 2006-05-10
DE10015315B4 (de) 2015-02-05
WO2001073946A1 (fr) 2001-10-04
DE10015315A1 (de) 2001-10-04
JP2003529267A (ja) 2003-09-30
US7253682B2 (en) 2007-08-07
CN1421069A (zh) 2003-05-28
KR20030022104A (ko) 2003-03-15
US20030160655A1 (en) 2003-08-28
KR100895961B1 (ko) 2009-05-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69221355T2 (de) Scheibenantennensystem für Kraftfahrzeug
DE69837127T2 (de) Rauscharmer Zweibandverstärker mit einem einzigen Stufe für einen drahtlosen Funkkommunikationsempfänger
DE60033995T2 (de) Schaltung zur Antennenumschaltung und ein entsprechendes Kommunikationssystem
EP1406349B1 (fr) Antenne active de réception large bande avec régulation du niveau de réception
DE10114769B4 (de) Aktive Breitbandempfangsantenne
DE69224405T2 (de) Hochfrequenzleistungsverstärker
DE10325634B4 (de) Rauscharmer Vorverstärker, insbesondere für die Kernspinresonanz(=NMR)
DE19645417C2 (de) Eingangsschutz für Verstärker mit großer Bandbreite
DE69531273T2 (de) Schaltung für variable Verstärkung und Radioapparat mit einer solchen Schaltung
DE19955849B4 (de) Phasenschieber
DE69708944T2 (de) Einstellbarer Pin-Dioden-Dämpfungsglied
DE4228382A1 (de) Nichtlinearer reflexions-prozessor unter verwendung von fets
DE69321565T2 (de) HF-Verstärker mit veränderbarer Verstärkung und linearer Verstärkungssteuerung
DE102011012811B4 (de) Elektronisch gesteuerter Hochfrequenz-Phasenschieber mit analog einstellbarer Phase
DE60318357T2 (de) Asymmetrischer, spannungsoptimierter, breitbandiger common-gate bidirektionaler MMIC Verstärker
DE10015315B4 (de) Antennenverstärker und regelbares Stellglied
DE102005032093B9 (de) Verstärkeranordnung
CH647902A5 (de) Selektiver verstaerker.
DE102008024482B4 (de) Schaltungsanordnung zur Impedanzanpassung, elektronisches Bauelement und Mobilfunkgerät
DE69605061T2 (de) Antennenanordnung
DE102008011629B4 (de) Verstärker
EP0166387B1 (fr) Antenne pare-brise pour véhicule
DE69716146T2 (de) Hochfrequenz-Leistungsmesseinrichtung
DE2701412C2 (de) Empfangsanlage mit aktiver Antenne
DE2554829A1 (de) Aktive autoantenne mit gegengekoppeltem verstaerker

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20021028

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20071218

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20111001