EP1259296B1 - Mischkammer zur erzeugung von druckluftschaum für löschanlagen - Google Patents

Mischkammer zur erzeugung von druckluftschaum für löschanlagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1259296B1
EP1259296B1 EP01915056A EP01915056A EP1259296B1 EP 1259296 B1 EP1259296 B1 EP 1259296B1 EP 01915056 A EP01915056 A EP 01915056A EP 01915056 A EP01915056 A EP 01915056A EP 1259296 B1 EP1259296 B1 EP 1259296B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed air
mixing chamber
extinguishing agent
foam
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01915056A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1259296A1 (de
Inventor
Ulrich Braun
Helmut Andris
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing chamber for the production of compressed air foam for extinguishing systems for fire fighting with a compressed air inlet, an extinguishing agent inlet and a compressed air foam outlet.
  • Extinguishing foam is used in the fire fighting of combustible liquid and solid substances.
  • a mixture of water and a foaming agent is treated by means of compressed air.
  • Different systems are known from the prior art.
  • a mixture of water and foaming agent can be conveyed by a centrifugal pump through a foam jet pipe, wherein the foam generation takes place directly on the foam jet pipe by the addition of ambient air due to negative pressure.
  • U.S. Patent 5,255,747 It is known to provide a Druckbuchzumischung instead of admixing the ambient air by negative pressure.
  • the amount of air required for foaming is supplied via a compressed air compressor.
  • the foam quality is thereby considerably improved, the water half-time demanded in DIN 14272 is significantly exceeded, and the throwing distance of the extinguishing agent jet produced with compressed air foam is increased.
  • a quenching device in which the compressed air foam without mechanical promotion, for example by a Centrifugal pump, is promoted.
  • a supplied from a compressed air source compressed air flow is divided, with one part is passed into an extinguishing agent tank and another part in a mixing chamber.
  • the extinguishing agent container is the mixture of water and extinguishing agent, which is conveyed by the compressed air partial flow into the mixing chamber.
  • the mixing chamber is caused by the admixing of the second compressed air flow mixing of the foaming agent with the water to extinguishing foam.
  • Patent 5,881,817 known extinguishing chamber has a cylindrical inner contour, fed at one end of the mixture of extinguishing agent and water, the compressed air fed at an angle of 68 ° to the central axis of the cylindrical inner contour and the foamed extinguishing agent exits at the other end of the cylindrical inner contour.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mixing chamber for the production of compressed air foam for extinguishing systems for fire fighting, in which particularly efficient optimal foam quality can be provided.
  • a mixing chamber for the production of compressed air foam for extinguishing systems for fire fighting with a compressed air inlet, an extinguishing agent inlet and a compressed air foam outlet provided, wherein the mixing chamber has an inner contour tapering towards the compressed air foam outlet.
  • the extinguishing agent inlet the preferably consisting of a foaming agent and water extinguishing agent enters the pressure chamber.
  • compressed air inlet compressed air supplied by a compressed air source enters the mixing chamber.
  • the mixture of water and foaming agent foams due to the compressed air supply and exits from the compressed air foam outlet as extinguishing foam.
  • the foaming is due to the tapered to the compressed air foam outlet Inner contour particularly efficient.
  • the inventive design of the inner contour of the mixing chamber causes an intensive turbulence, in particular a rotation, which promotes the mixing process.
  • the extinguishing foam produced according to the invention is comparable both wet and dry in terms of its quality with foam, which is produced by large-scale systems that produce compressed air foam with a water volume of more than 1,000 1 / min with a sophisticated measurement and control technology.
  • the compressed air storage tank can be chosen very small or it can be used already existing compressed air generating systems that are provided mobile or stationary for other uses.
  • the inner contour of the mixing chamber is substantially conical, the compressed air inlet and the extinguishing agent inlet open into the bottom of the conical inner contour and the compressed air foam outlet is arranged in the region of the tip of the conical inner contour.
  • the compressed air inlet and the extinguishing agent inlet preferably open into the mixing chamber substantially parallel to each other.
  • the lines for the compressed air flowing into the mixing chamber and for the extinguishing agent run parallel to each other, at least immediately before entry into the mixing chamber.
  • the ratio of the inner diameter of the compressed air inlet or the relevant compressed air line and the inner diameter of the extinguishing agent inlet or the corresponding extinguishing agent lines is preferably 1: 3.
  • the inner diameter of the compressed air foam outlet is preferably equal to the inner diameter of the extinguishing agent inlet.
  • the mixing chamber is preferably made of materials such as plastic, brass or aluminum, i. made of materials that are corrosion resistant to the foaming agent used.
  • a foaming regulator is provided behind the compressed air foam outlet, which serves to optionally provide a bluff body in the free cross section of the compressed air foam outlet.
  • the foaming quality can be influenced by means of the foaming regulator.
  • full fires i. when the entire surface of a combustible substance burns, a high proportion of water in the foam is required. The evaporation of the water deprives the combustion reaction of energy. After the extinguishing effect, i. after the collapse of the flame, re-extinguishing work is required. For this purpose, a fine-pored, creamy foam with a low water content is required.
  • Such a dry foam has a high water half-time and promotes the wetting of carbon surfaces.
  • the lower water content in the foam also leads to an extension of the service life of the extinguishing agent container. It can be compared to the wet foam at least twice as long and up to five times as long extinguishing agent delivered.
  • the VerDumungsregler according to this preferred embodiment of the invention thus enables a easy influencing of the foam quality. If the foaming regulator is in the position in which the compressed-air foam outlet is fully open, the result is a relatively wet foam with a relatively high water content, which allows a long throw and is particularly suitable for advanced, intensive fires. If, for example, after the extinguishing effect and for performing extinguishing work, a bluff body pushed by operation of the VerDumungsreglers in the free cross section of the Lucas réelleschaumauslasses, results in a dry foam with a lower water content. The throw is thereby reduced, but it results in the increased life of the foam increased penetration effect.
  • the foaming regulator according to the invention can be used in any mixing chambers.
  • the bluff body is preferably a barrier element having a plurality of separate passage passages.
  • the bluff body is made of sintered metal.
  • Sintered metal is particularly suitable for producing homogeneous foam bubble structures. Liquids with low surface tension are forced through the pores of the sintered metal and then form very small bubbles. The smaller the bubbles are, the larger the surface of the liquid. The thus achieved favorable mass to surface ratio of the water increases the efficiency of the evaporation and thus improves the extinguishing capacity.
  • the inventive design of the mixing chamber allows a space- and weight-optimized fire extinguishing device that requires no mechanical conveyor and can be designed in particular as a retrofittable solution for different applications. Possible uses include trucks, ships and submarines, as well as workshops and factories. In the case of transport vehicles, fires often occur which, in particular, present a considerable risk potential if these fires occur in tunnels. On the vehicle carried known small extinguishers, which are predominantly powder extinguishers are not able to extinguish an advanced damage fire. With extinguishing powder, a sufficient cooling effect can not be generated and the extinguishing agent supply is not sufficient, for example, for a tire fire.
  • Trucks are equipped with compressed air braking systems.
  • the compressed air compressors of vehicles with a maximum permissible mass of, for example, 16,000 kg are sufficiently powerful to operate a mixing chamber of the type in question here can.
  • Further areas of application are the transport of dangerous goods, especially in tunnel drives, military convoys and wheeled armor.
  • Even vehicles and machines of the construction industry, agriculture and mining can be secured more efficiently with the fire extinguishing device according to the invention, provided that these vehicles and work machines have sufficiently powerful compressed air compressors.
  • the fire extinguishing device has a small installation size, can be retrofitted at any time and easy to install, has only a low weight, since only the extinguishing agent supply must be present, but not a separate compressed air storage, is much more effective than normal water, especially in plastic and liquid fires , and also avoids water damage.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a fire extinguishing device with an extinguishing agent container 1, a mixing chamber 10 and a lockable jet pipe 20.
  • the extinguishing agent container 1 is adapted to receive water and a foaming agent.
  • the extinguishing agent container 1 is connected to the mixing chamber 10 via an extinguishing medium line 2.
  • the extinguishing medium line 2 consists of a commercially available, dimensionally stable pressure hose and communicates via an extinguishing agent inlet 11 with the interior of the mixing chamber 10.
  • a riser provided in the extinguishing agent tank 1 should have the same inner diameter as the extinguishing medium pipe 2, which in turn preferably the same Inner diameter as the extinguishing agent inlet 11th
  • a compressed air source 30, not shown which may be, for example, a container filled with compressed air or a motor-driven compressor, is connected via a first compressed air line 31 connected to the mixing chamber 10 and via a second compressed air line 32 to the extinguishing agent container 1.
  • the compressed air lines 31 and 32 may be commercially available, preferably dimensionally stable pressure lines, which are provided with commercially available quick-release connections.
  • the first compressed air line 31 communicates via a compressed air inlet 12 with the interior of the mixing chamber 10.
  • the inner diameter of the compressed air line 31 should be equal to the inner diameter of the compressed air line 32.
  • the jet pipe 20 which may have a shut-off and inside preferably is smooth, since additional disruptive bodies would destroy the foam bubble structures again at this point, is connected via a conventional hose 33 to the mixing chamber.
  • the hose 33 communicates via a compressed air foam outlet 13 with the mixing chamber.
  • a first embodiment of the mixing chamber 10 is shown schematically in Fig. 2 in a perspective, partially cutaway view.
  • the mixing chamber 10 the inner contour is designed hemispherical, wherein the extinguishing agent inlet 11 and the compressed air inlet 12 is arranged on the flat side of the hemisphere and the compressed air foam outlet 13 opposite the flat side of the hemisphere at its zenith.
  • a foaming regulator 40 is formed integrally with the mixing chamber 10.
  • the flow direction of the extinguishing agent consisting of water and foaming agent in the extinguishing medium line 2 and of the extinguishing foam in the hose line 33 are indicated in FIG. 1 by arrows.
  • a switching element 41 of the VerDumungsreglers 40 is displaceable perpendicular to the flow direction of the extinguishing foam.
  • Fig. 3 shows in section another embodiment of the mixing chamber 10.
  • the inner contour of the mixing chamber is designed conical, the extinguishing agent inlet 11 and the compressed air inlet 12 are arranged on the blunt cone side and the compressed air foam outlet 13 at the apex.
  • the extinguishing agent inlet 11 is directly opposite the compressed air foam outlet 13.
  • the diameter of the compressed air foam outlet 13 is equal to the diameter of the extinguishing agent inlet 11.
  • the compressed air inlet 12 and the extinguishing agent inlet 11 or the corresponding line sections arranged directly in front of it run parallel to one another.
  • the diameter of the extinguishing agent inlet 11 is three times as large as the diameter of the compressed air inlet 12.
  • the diameter of the extinguishing medium line 2 and the extinguishing agent inlet 11 6 mm the diameter of the first compressed air line 31 and the compressed air inlet 12 is 2 mm.
  • an inner diameter of 12 mm for the extinguishing medium line 2 and the extinguishing agent inlet 11 and 4 mm for the first compressed air line 31 and the compressed air inlet 12 has been found suitable.
  • FIG. 3 also shows the switching element 41 of the foaming controller 40.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional representation through the foaming regulator 40 and the switching element 41.
  • the cross section of the compressed air foam outlet is completely released.
  • a relatively wet foam is generated during operation of the fire extinguishing device, Due to its relatively high water content, it has a large range and is particularly suitable for advanced, intensive fires.
  • a disruptive body 42 enters the free cross section of the compressed-air foam outlet. In this position, a relatively dry foam with a lower water content is generated during operation of the fire extinguishing device, which is more expedient for Nachlösch-.
  • the disruptive body 42 is preferably made of sintered metal.
  • the switching element 41 is mounted in a correspondingly formed bore of the VerDumungsreglers 40 and can be moved perpendicular to the flow direction of the extinguishing foam, where it can take the two aforementioned defined positions.
  • a connection device is connected to the compressed air source 30.
  • Via the second compressed air line 32 flows a partial flow of the compressed air source 30 provided compressed air into the extinguishing agent tank 1 and presses the water and a foaming extinguishing agent through the extinguishing medium line 2 and the extinguishing agent inlet 11 into the mixing chamber 10.
  • the remaining partial flow of the compressed air source 30 flows through the first compressed air line 31 and the compressed air inlet 12 into the mixing chamber 10 and causes, in particular as a result of a rotational movement, an intensive turbulence of the extinguishing agent, which leads to foaming.
  • the foamed extinguishing agent exits the mixing chamber as extinguishing foam through the compressed-air foam outlet 13.
  • the inner diameter of the extinguishing medium line 2 and the Druck Kunststoffschaumauslledge 13 12 mm and the diameter of the first compressed air line 31 and the compressed air inlet 12 was 4 mm, could with a hose of 10 m in length, a throw of about 12 m can be achieved.
  • the proportion of water in a wet foam was about 30 l / min.
  • the throwing distance could be increased to approx. 16 m with a water content of 25 l / min.
  • an outlet pipe is a fire extinguisher for a truck fire extinguishing system
  • the company Karasto Armaturenfabrik, Oehler GmbH, 70734 Fellbach, Germany under the name "casting shower 521 PL SB G 3/4 inch with full jet 520 S AG G 3 / 4 inches "can be obtained.
  • the size of the bores as well as the pressure ratios determine the volume flow rate.
  • the compressed air supply is to be designed so that it is sufficient for the discharge of the entire extinguishing agent.
  • a compressed air generation plant it can be assumed that sufficient compressed air can be continuously supplied.
  • the air volume flow can be approx. 6 l / sec at 8 to 10 bar pressure. For smaller systems, a lower air flow at the same pressures is possible.
  • the above-described operation of the extinguishing device is particularly suitable for full fire fighting.
  • the switching element 41 is shifted in the VerDumungsregler 40 so that the interference element 42 enters the line cross section behind the compressed air foam outlet 13.
  • the foam quality, the water content of the extinguishing foam and the time of extinguishing agent delivery are influenced. It creates a fine-pored, creamy foam with low water content. Due to the low water content, the operating time of the fire extinguishing device is extended. Compared to the position for wet foam, in the position for dry foam the time of extinguishing agent delivery can at least be doubled and under certain circumstances increased by a factor of five.
  • FIG 3a shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the mixing chamber according to the invention with VerDumungsregler and integrated distribution of the compressed air volume flow.
  • VerDumungsregler and integrated distribution of the compressed air volume flow.
  • the total mass of a portable fire extinguisher is limited for reasons of manageability.
  • portable fire extinguishers must comply with the requirements of EN 3, which limits the total mass of a portable fire extinguisher to 20 kg.
  • EN 3 limits the total mass of a portable fire extinguisher to 20 kg.
  • the extinguishing agent content is limited to a maximum of 9 liters for a foam extinguisher. In portable fire extinguishers thus both the overall volume and the total mass are to be kept as low as possible.
  • Fig. 3a of the mixing chamber according to the invention can be placed in the form of a corresponding component on a commercial foam extinguisher so that the filling opening of the foam extinguisher from the mixing chamber or the mixing chamber having the component is completed.
  • the division of the compressed air flow in a first part of the flow into the interior of the mixing chamber and a second partial flow in the extinguishing agent tank 1 in the mixing chamber 10 and the mixing chamber having component is integrated.
  • Fig. 3a performs a compressed air line 31, which is connectable to a compressed air source 30 (see Fig.
  • the inner diameter of the compressed air line designated in FIG. 3a by the reference numeral 32 is equal to the diameter of the compressed air inlet 12.
  • the required compressed air can be provided, for example, with a compressed air cylinder with a volume of one liter and a filling pressure of 200 bar.
  • a compressed air cylinder with a volume of one liter and a filling pressure of 200 bar.
  • an operating time of 40 seconds with a throw of 10 m in wet mode can be provided. In dry mode, the operating time is 80 seconds.
  • FIG. 3 a provides a foaming regulator 40.
  • a fire extinguisher is intended for professional use by the fire department.
  • EN 3 allows for activation of a portable fire extinguisher only a single switching action. For such applications must therefore be dispensed with a VerDumungsregler.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a deletion device for the subsequent stationary installation in a truck using the mixing chamber 10 according to the invention.
  • the extinguishing device shown in Fig. 5 provides an effective fire fighting means, which is also suitable for retrofitting.
  • a commercial extinguishing agent container 1 is mounted at a suitable location of the truck, for example in the undercarriage (not shown).
  • the content of this extinguishing agent container should preferably be at least 40 liters.
  • a compressed air source 30 a compressed air cylinder 43 is provided with a volume of 4 liters and a filling pressure of 200 bar in this embodiment.
  • the mixing chamber 10 according to the invention or the component having the mixing chamber is mounted directly on the extinguishing agent container 1.
  • the compressed air cylinder 43 forth running compressed air line is split, so that via the compressed air line 31 compressed air is passed into the mixing chamber 10 and 32 compressed air is passed into the extinguishing agent container 1 via the compressed air line.
  • the compressed air lines 31 and 32 preferably have the same inner diameter.
  • the mixing chamber 10 is connected via a conveyor line 33 with a reel 44.
  • a reel 44 On the reel 44 is a hose with a fire extinguisher 20.
  • the hose may for example have a length of 20 m.
  • the extinguishing device described above has a service life of 110 seconds and a throw of 16 meters.
  • the operating time can be increased by installing larger containers and compressed air cylinders.
  • a foaming regulator may be provided for professional use by fire departments.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP01915056A 2000-03-03 2001-02-28 Mischkammer zur erzeugung von druckluftschaum für löschanlagen Expired - Lifetime EP1259296B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10010141A DE10010141C1 (de) 2000-03-03 2000-03-03 Mischkammer zur Erzeugung von Druckluftschaum für Löschanlagen
DE10010141 2000-03-03
PCT/DE2001/000752 WO2001064290A1 (de) 2000-03-03 2001-02-28 Mischkammer zur erzeugung von druckluftschaum für löschanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1259296A1 EP1259296A1 (de) 2002-11-27
EP1259296B1 true EP1259296B1 (de) 2007-09-19

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EP01915056A Expired - Lifetime EP1259296B1 (de) 2000-03-03 2001-02-28 Mischkammer zur erzeugung von druckluftschaum für löschanlagen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7458427B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1259296B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3967132B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1174781C (zh)
AT (1) ATE373507T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU4228101A (zh)
CA (1) CA2401679C (zh)
DE (3) DE10010141C1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2293981T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2001064290A1 (zh)

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RU2131379C1 (ru) 1998-02-06 1999-06-10 Научно-исследовательский институт низких температур при Московском государственном авиационном институте - техническом университете Способ пожаротушения с использованием летательного аппарата и устройство для его осуществления
AT4222U1 (de) 2000-03-10 2001-04-25 Lenzing Technik Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung und verfahren zum zumischen eines komprimierten gases zu einer schaumbildenden löschmittelflüssigkeit
AT4223U1 (de) 2000-03-10 2001-04-25 Lenzing Technik Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum zumischen eines komprimierten gases zu einer schaumbildenden löschmittelflüssigkeit

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ATE373507T1 (de) 2007-10-15
ES2293981T3 (es) 2008-04-01
WO2001064290A1 (de) 2001-09-07
DE20180049U1 (de) 2002-10-17
US20030010506A1 (en) 2003-01-16
CA2401679A1 (en) 2001-09-07
DE50113032D1 (de) 2007-10-31
DE10010141C1 (de) 2001-10-04
CN1406145A (zh) 2003-03-26
AU4228101A (en) 2001-09-12
JP3967132B2 (ja) 2007-08-29
CA2401679C (en) 2009-01-06
CN1174781C (zh) 2004-11-10
US7458427B2 (en) 2008-12-02
EP1259296A1 (de) 2002-11-27

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