EP1215707B1 - Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target - Google Patents

Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1215707B1
EP1215707B1 EP01000722A EP01000722A EP1215707B1 EP 1215707 B1 EP1215707 B1 EP 1215707B1 EP 01000722 A EP01000722 A EP 01000722A EP 01000722 A EP01000722 A EP 01000722A EP 1215707 B1 EP1215707 B1 EP 1215707B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid metal
ray source
duct segment
duct
segment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01000722A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1215707A2 (de
EP1215707A3 (de
Inventor
Geoffrey Harding
Bernd Ulmer
Bernd David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Publication of EP1215707A2 publication Critical patent/EP1215707A2/de
Publication of EP1215707A3 publication Critical patent/EP1215707A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1215707B1 publication Critical patent/EP1215707B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H01J35/18—Windows
    • H01J35/186—Windows used as targets or X-ray converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
    • H01J2235/081—Target material
    • H01J2235/082—Fluids, e.g. liquids, gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1204—Cooling of the anode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
    • H01J2235/1262—Circulating fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray source with liquid metal target and an electron source for emitting an electron beam into a window of a conduit part, through the in operation, the liquid metal target flows, and an X-ray machine with a such X-ray source.
  • An X-ray source of this type is known from DE 198 21939.3.
  • This type of cooling significantly improves the continuous loadability of the X-ray source.
  • a further increase in resilience is opposed by the fact that the Window and the surrounding areas of the window of the X-ray source, d. H. of the Window frames, relatively high thermal stresses are exposed. The reasons for this lie in the heat generation in particular due to the direct incidence of electrons with high energy and due to the flow of hot liquid metal under the window. Furthermore, the scattered electrons carry only a small energy loss have, for generating heat.
  • An object on which the invention is based is an X-ray source to provide liquid metal target and an electron source of the type mentioned, whose continuous load capacity can be further increased.
  • an X-ray source of the type mentioned which is according to claim 1 characterized in that the conduit part by a first line section, which has the window and through which the liquid metal target flows, as well a second conduit section is formed through which a coolant flows and so on attached to the first line section is that the area of the action of the electron beam is cooled to the first line section.
  • a particular advantage of this solution is that due to the increased heat dissipation the load capacity of the X-ray source, especially in such applications on can be increased, in which in a short time a high X-ray dose must be generated, such as in CT devices with a high sampling rate
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an X-ray emitter in which the electron-irradiated Target is formed by a liquid in the operating state of the X-ray source metal.
  • an electron source in the form of a cathode 3, which emits an electron beam 4 in the operating state.
  • This Electron beam 4 is directed to a conduit part 51 of a Rohdeitungssystems 50 and passes through a window 22, 34 which is substantially transparent to the electrons flowing liquid metal target to the piping 50, so that X-rays be stimulated.
  • a pump 52 the liquid metal in a circuit the Rohdeitungssystem 50 pumped, which also leads through a heat exchanger 53, so that the generated heat is removed from the liquid metal via a cooling circuit can.
  • the conduit part 51 of the Rohdeitungssystems 50 is shown in Figures 2 and 3 in detail in Top view shown.
  • the line part 51 is composed according to Figure 2 of four elements 10,20,30,40, which are shown in the order (a) to (d) and in this order one above the other are arranged, that is, on the first element 10 according to Figure 2 (a), the second Element 20 according to Figure 2 (b), thereon, the third element 30 according to Figure 2 (c) and thereon finally, the fourth element 40 according to FIG. 2 (d) is set.
  • the elements are in the in Figure 2 alignment shown assembled.
  • the electron beam enters the plane the drawing vertical direction from above initially in the fourth element 40 and then passes through the third and second elements 30, 20 finally into the first element 10th
  • the electron beam has a line-shaped focal point ("Stroke focus"), which in the illustrations according to FIG. 2 is from left to right extends.
  • stitch focus has, for example, dimensions of 1 mm x 7 mm and is often used in X-ray sources to provide the power at constant power density to increase the irradiated area.
  • the first element 10 according to FIG. 2 (a) is made of a solid metal body, for example made of steel or molybdenum, for example, about 100 mm long, 25 mm wide and 10 mm deep.
  • a first channel 11 is introduced, through which in Operating state of the assembled line part, the liquid metal target in which the X-rays are generated, according to the indication by the arrow P1 flows.
  • the depth This first channel 11 is not constant, but decreases in a central region 12.
  • the channel At the location of the central region 12 where the electron beam enters, the channel has its lowest depth, which is there for example about 200 microns.
  • the second element 20 shown in Figure 2 (b) is about 1 mm thick and otherwise in the essentially the same external dimensions as the first element 10.
  • a central Area 21 is a substantially circular insert 22 into which a first, in essentially rectangular slot 23 is introduced for the electron beam. This slot extends with its longitudinal direction perpendicular to the flow direction of Liquid metal targets, resulting in optimum heat dissipation.
  • the first slot 23 is at its lower side in the illustration with a diamond layer closed with a thickness of about 1 micron, by gluing or otherwise the insert 22 is attached.
  • the first slot thus forms a diamond window 23 suitable for Electrons are permeable.
  • the second element 20 is fastened with screws or other fastening means (not shown) mounted on the first element 10 so that a first liquid-tight line section 10, 20 is formed, through which the liquid metal target can flow. Due to the reduced Depth of the channel 11 in the central region 12 and in particular on the diamond window the target is accelerated there, creating a turbulent flow. These turbulent flow ensures a particularly effective dissipation of thermal energy from the window, because of the resulting vortex the liquid is particularly good and fast is mixed. This is especially true in the temperature critical area of Diamond window and its attachment to the insert 22 advantageous.
  • the first line section 10, 20 is part of a primary liquid metal circuit by the heat exchanger 53 ( Figure 1) leads.
  • a second line section 30, 40 is provided which leads a coolant and according to the position shown in Figure 2 (c), (d) at an angle of about 90 degrees the first line section 10, 20 is mounted so that it is in the longitudinal direction of first slot 23 extends over this.
  • the second line section comprises a third element 30, which according to Figure 2 (c) from a metal body, for example made of steel or molybdenum, with a central region 33 is formed.
  • a metal body for example made of steel or molybdenum
  • a second, substantially rectangular Slit 34 a which is arranged and formed so that the first slot 23 in the second element 20 continues.
  • In the metal body are still two channels 31, 32nd milled, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the second slot 34 a and outside the central region 33 parallel to each other. Start in the central area 33 the channels 31, 32 at the level of one end of the second slot 34 a apart until it returns to beyond the height of the other end of the slot 34a Move back direction to their parallel sections outside the central area.
  • the channels 31, 32 thus close in the central region 33 in the substantially circular segment-like surface 35 in which the first slot 34a is located.
  • the fourth element 40 has substantially the same outer shape as the third element 30 and is mounted with fasteners (not shown) on this, so that the second liquid-tight line section 30, 40 results.
  • a central area 41 of the fourth element 40 is a substantially rectangular opening 34 b of the second slot 34a.
  • a circular segment-like recess 43 introduced in the outer surface of the central region 41 , the shape of which with the shape of the surface 35th corresponding to the channels 31, 32 in the central region 33 of the third element 30 enclose. This sinking is done by removing material by milling or on introduced another way.
  • the second line section 30, 40 has in the region of the recess 43, in which the dashed line of the electron beam, when assembled, has a thickness of about 3 mm. Outside this range, ie both in one direction upstream and downstream, as well as in a direction perpendicular to it, the strength can be greater, so that the Channels 31, 32 can be formed wider or deeper and thus flow losses due to the viscosity of the coolant (secondary fluid) can be reduced.
  • the only limitation in this regard is given by the requirement that the dimensions and the shape of the second line section does not affect the usable x-ray beam to hamper.
  • the second conduit section 30, 40 forms part of a secondary fluid circuit and serves to heat from the first line section, in particular its central Area in which the first slot 23 and thus the diamond window is to dissipate.
  • the second line section 30, 40 extends at an angle of 90 Degree to the first line section 10,20.
  • the preferred direction of the flow of primary liquid metal targets through the first line section 10,20 is indicated by the arrow P1 in Figure 2 (a) and the preferred direction of secondary fluid flow through the second line section 30, 40 is indicated by the arrows P2 in Figure 2 (c).
  • the Working temperature of the primary liquid metal target is reduced. This will on the other hand also the temperature of the connection between the diamond window and the insert 22 lowered, and finally the thermal effect of the secondary electrons coming out of the primary electron beam are scattered out and under the influence of the opposite hit the cathode of the positive potential of the anode near the focal point, reduced.
  • FIG. 3 shows these relationships for one of the first and the second line section composed line part 51, wherein the preferred flow direction of the primary liquid metal target in turn by the Arrow P1 and the secondary liquid is again indicated by the arrow P2.
  • the channels 31, 32 diverge within the central region 33 of the third element 30 in such a way that the X-ray beam 50 exiting according to FIG. 3 does not pass through the channels is disturbed or damped.
  • the primary and secondary fluid circuits may be as shown in FIG 4 with the same liquid metal together via line 50 ( Figure 1) with the pump 52 are fed, the line is preferably passed through the heat exchanger 53 becomes.
  • a first line splitter 501 (Y-piece) is provided for this purpose the line 50 is connected and from which a primary line 502 and a secondary line 503 goes out. These lines feed the line part 51 and sit down continue at its outputs until it is connected to a second line splitter 504 (Y-piece) to be reunited and continued as joint leadership.
  • the primary and the Secondary line 502,503 are guided so that they are at each a right angle to each other having inputs or outputs of the line part 51 and the first or second line divider 501, 504 can be connected.
  • the secondary fluid circuit may be separate and independent of guided to the primary circuit of the liquid metal target. This can be special then be useful if a cooling liquid to be used, for example, a having particularly low viscosity and / or high thermal conductivity.
  • the heat dissipation achieved with the conduit part 51 according to the invention from the window into which the electron beam enters to generate X-rays much more effective than in known arrangements of this type, so that in a corresponding X-ray source reduces the working temperature or the radiation intensity can be increased.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP01000722A 2000-12-16 2001-12-06 Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target Expired - Lifetime EP1215707B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10062928A DE10062928A1 (de) 2000-12-16 2000-12-16 Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target
DE10062928 2000-12-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1215707A2 EP1215707A2 (de) 2002-06-19
EP1215707A3 EP1215707A3 (de) 2004-02-11
EP1215707B1 true EP1215707B1 (de) 2005-10-12

Family

ID=7667538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01000722A Expired - Lifetime EP1215707B1 (de) 2000-12-16 2001-12-06 Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6477234B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1215707B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3754361B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE10062928A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10130070A1 (de) * 2001-06-21 2003-01-02 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target
DE10147473C2 (de) * 2001-09-25 2003-09-25 Siemens Ag Drehanodenröntgenröhre
US6961408B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2005-11-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Device for generating X-rays having a liquid metal anode
DE102004013620B4 (de) * 2004-03-19 2008-12-04 GE Homeland Protection, Inc., Newark Elektronenfenster für eine Flüssigmetallanode, Flüssigmetallanode, Röntgenstrahler und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Röntgenstrahlers
DE102004015590B4 (de) * 2004-03-30 2008-10-09 GE Homeland Protection, Inc., Newark Anodenmodul für eine Flüssigmetallanoden-Röntgenquelle sowie Röntgenstrahler mit einem Anodenmodul
US7483517B2 (en) * 2004-04-13 2009-01-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Device for generating X-rays having a liquid metal anode
DE102004031973B4 (de) * 2004-07-01 2006-06-01 Yxlon International Security Gmbh Abschirmung einer Röntgenquelle
SE530094C2 (sv) * 2006-05-11 2008-02-26 Jettec Ab Metod för alstring av röntgenstrålning genom elektronbestrålning av en flytande substans
DE102008026938A1 (de) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Strahlungsquelle und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Röntgenstrahlung
HUP1000635A2 (en) 2010-11-26 2012-05-29 Ge Hungary Kft Liquid anode x-ray source
US20140161233A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Bruker Axs Gmbh X-ray apparatus with deflectable electron beam
EP3385976A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-10 Excillum AB Vapour monitoring

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3246146A (en) * 1963-07-11 1966-04-12 Ass Elect Ind Apparatus for the X-ray analysis of a liquid suspension of specimen material
US4953191A (en) * 1989-07-24 1990-08-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy High intensity x-ray source using liquid gallium target
US5052034A (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-09-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray generator
DE19821939A1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-18 Philips Patentverwaltung Röntgenstrahler mit einem Flüssigmetall-Target

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50107672D1 (de) 2005-11-17
EP1215707A2 (de) 2002-06-19
US20020080919A1 (en) 2002-06-27
DE10062928A1 (de) 2002-06-20
JP3754361B2 (ja) 2006-03-08
JP2002289125A (ja) 2002-10-04
EP1215707A3 (de) 2004-02-11
US6477234B2 (en) 2002-11-05

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